Non-contact fuse device NVU-P "Hunting"
The device NVU-P was developed in the seventies of the last century in order to increase the effectiveness of anti-personnel mine-explosive barriers. A characteristic disadvantage of all anti-personnel mines that existed at that time was a fairly high probability of detection, which contributed to their neutralization or destruction using special means. Thus, to increase the efficiency of minefields, some new weapon, able to respond in advance to the approach of enemy fighters or sappers and disrupt any attempts to detect or neutralize.
The result of the preliminary work on the new project was the formation of the overall appearance of the promising complex. It was proposed to use a kit consisting of several anti-personnel mines and a special fusing device that carries them out. Such a system architecture made it possible to ensure maximum combat effectiveness, and also promised some other advantages.
As part of the kit, called "Hunting", anti-personnel mines of various types can be used that meet certain requirements. First of all, it is jumping out OZM-72. In addition, it is possible to use other ammunition, such as MON-50 or their analogues, POMZ-2 and others. Thus, the product NVU-P is designed to control all mines that can be equipped with HM electronic devices.
The explosive device NVU-P externally is a metal cylinder with several connectors and other elements on the top cover. The lid is removable and held in place by several folding locks. To service the device, it can be removed. In particular, the dismantling of the cover and the parts attached to it is used when installing batteries.
The NVU-P case has a diameter of 15,5 cm and a height of 36 cm. The complete device weighs 4,2 kg. Such dimensions allow one sapper to carry the full set of “Hunting” as part of a detonator, five minutes, wires, etc.
On the cover of the device there are several connectors. One is intended to connect the target sensor, the other six are inserted plugs control lines explosive devices. In addition, there are separate connectors for connecting the “Chevy” to the testing and tuning unit, as well as for connecting to the remote control of the MZU type. An LED indicator is also provided for displaying information about the state of the fuse during preparation for operation. For offline operation, there is a thread to install the fuse МУВ-4.
NVU-P and additional equipment. Figure Army.lv
The “Hunting” device is conventionally divided into an executive-distribution device, a seismic target sensor and a battery pack. In addition, it is completed with several electronic devices, coils with cables, batteries, etc. The kit also includes up to five anti-personnel mines of the corresponding model. For the purpose of self-destruction, the device is completed with a TNT block.
Inside the cylindrical body of the device NVU-P is located the electronics of the executive switchgear, as well as the batteries. So, in the lower part of the case-glass six batteries of a standard size of 373 are located. An electronic unit is located above the batteries in the case, which is responsible for signal processing and for undermining the associated min.
For motion detection, the NVU-P device uses the SV-20P seismic sensor. It is made in the form of a small conical peg with a sensitive element inside and is connected to the device with the help of wires. The task of the sensor is to monitor the situation and register ground motion. Signals about vibrations are transmitted to the electronic unit and processed by them.
The method of installation of the “Hunting” kit depends to a certain extent on the type of anti-personnel mines used. From the characteristics of this weapon depends on the distance between the various elements of the kit. Non-contact explosive device NVU-P is installed in the hole of the appropriate sizes. In this case, it connects to the seismic sensor SV-20P, which is stuck into the ground. At a distance around the fuse, five minutes of the appropriate types are placed. Before installing the device in the hole on its side surface with the help of electrical tape, TNT is attached. It is equipped with a fuse that connects to one of the connectors on the cover NVU-P.
An explosive device with a connected seismic sensor, a fuse MUV-4 and other equipment. Photo Saper.etel.ru
It is recommended to install OZM-72 mines or similar at distances from 2 to 15 m from the control device. Mines are equipped with NM electronic devices, which, in turn, are connected to an explosive device using microcables.
The location of the “Hunt” and individual mines depends on several factors. According to available data, the seismic sensor of the NVU-P device is able to detect a person walking at distances of the order of 150 m. At a distance of about 90 m, target recognition occurs. When approaching the target at a distance of 15-20 m, the device may issue commands to undermine the min. Thus, the mines should be located within this radius so that their affected areas overlap as much as possible. This allows you to maximize the effectiveness of the entire set due to the possibility of repeated attacks of the same small area.
The algorithm for preparing the NVU-P device for operation depends on the operating mode used. This system can operate in standalone and controlled modes. In a controlled mode, a control cable from the MZU type console is connected to the device. Being at a safe distance (at least 200 m), the miner-operator can independently issue a command to undermine the guided ammunition. The controlled mode of operation has one characteristic feature: in this case, the “Hunting” kit can be turned off, removed and moved to a new location.
For off-line operation, the device NVU-P is equipped with a fuse МУВ-4, which is screwed into the corresponding slot of the cover. At the last stage of preparing the kit for operation, the sapper must remove the fuse's check, after which the process of bringing the system into a combat position begins. The task of the fuse is counting the time (6-36 minutes), after which the percussion mechanism is triggered, and the striker of the fuse closes the electrical circuit of the detonator. After this set "Hunting" begins combat work.
The method of operation of the kit "Hunting" offline looks quite simple. For a long time, the fuse device is in the ground and records its vibrations. The electronic unit receives signals from a seismic sensor and analyzes their character. The amplitude and other features of the oscillation electronics recognizes potential targets and calculates the distance to them. As already mentioned, the target of the “person” type is detected at a distance of up to 150 m and is identified by 90 m.
With further approximation of the target, the device is preparing to undermine the min. When approaching enemy fighters at a distance of the order of 15-20, the command is given to undermine one of the mines. OZM-72 or other similar ammunition is undermined and hits the enemy with a stream of fragments. According to some data, the NVU-P device is able to determine the azimuth to the target and undermine the mine that is in the path of the approaching target.
After the explosion, the control device continues to monitor ground motion. If the activity of the enemy continues, and the vibrations indicate that he is close, the team is sent to undermine the second mine. According to this algorithm, the explosive device alternately explodes all five minutes. At the same time with the last mine, the TNT block on the body of the device is undermined, as a result of which it is destroyed and cannot become a trophy of the enemy.
The main advantage of this algorithm is the ability to consistently attack the same area with a few minutes. From a tactical point of view, this means that the fragments of the first mine will hit several enemy fighters, after which other soldiers will be at risk. When trying to help the wounded, they will be forced to approach the “Hunt” and enter the zone of destruction of the next mine. Thus, one set with the NVU-P device is capable of causing the most serious damage to the enemy unit, in the path of which the mines were laid.
Remote control MZU with the lid open. Figure Russianarms.ru
The service life of the “Hunting” kit is limited only by the discharge time of the batteries used. The electronic unit monitors the charge of the batteries and, when it is developed, sends a command to self-destruct the mines and the device itself. When operating in a controlled mode, it is possible to turn off the NVU-P device, remove it from the ground and replace the batteries. In addition, in this case it is possible to install the kit in another place. In the automatic mode, this feature is absent. Depending on the ambient conditions, the intensity of movement in the range of the sensor and other factors, the operating time of the device can reach 8-9 months.
The “Hunting” kit with a proximity fuse is considered to be non-disposable. The long range of target detection does not allow for the effective use of existing means of searching for explosive devices from a safe distance. Approaching a mined area is a great danger, since the command to blow up mines can be given at any time. Thus, the successful search and demining of the “Hunt” is not possible.
Trawls of various types, elongated charges, etc. can be used to neutralize minefields constructed using the NVU-P device. special equipment leading to the destruction of explosive devices. Neutralization without destruction is impossible.
Non-contact explosive devices NVU-P are supplied in special closures and are completed with a set of additional equipment. Each box contains four control devices, a check device, four fuses МУВ-4, four NM automatic mechanisms and a cable for the control panel. Also in the closure fit five sets of school devices (five NM each with cables), as well as five seismic sensors SV-20П. Finally, a place for electrical tape and 24 batteries is provided in the closure. Thus, at the disposal of the miner there are four devices NVU-P with related equipment, a spare sensor and a set of NM devices.
Device when checking systems. Figure Russianarms.ru
In preparation for the exit to the mine, the sappers must extract the necessary products from the capping and also equip them with anti-personnel mines, trotyl drafts and other elements of the Hunting kit, supplied separately.
It is known that the NVU-P device was eventually upgraded to the state NVU-PM. This version of the control device is distinguished by some design features and electronics, and also has slightly different combat qualities. One of the main innovations is a programmable timer. This device allows you to translate "Hunting" in the operating mode according to a predetermined schedule. Thus, at certain periods of time, the minefield is active and ready to attack the enemy, while at others it is completely safe for those who are moving in a guarded area.
Kit "Hunting" was adopted in the mid-seventies, and subsequently repeatedly used in combat conditions. There is information about the successful use of such weapons during the war in Afghanistan. Mines and control devices that did not have any unmasking elements were an effective way to destroy enemy units and caravans. The methods used by the Mujahideen to search for explosive devices did not allow for the timely detection of mines and after neutralizing them. In addition, the alternate detonation of mines, controlled by the NVU-P device, made impossible the normal work of the enemy sappers and led to the fairly rapid destruction of entire troops.
According to available data, the Ochota family systems are still in service with the engineering troops and are proposed as an effective means of destroying the enemy’s infantry on the march or in the offensive. The original way to search for targets and the possibility of consistently undermining several explosive devices ensured high combat performance and the ability to correctly accomplish the mission.
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