Palestine’s Middle East problem
Times have changed many times since then, values and priorities, too. And the question of the so-called Palestinian refugees still stands today. Sometimes, but makes its way into the information field of the world.
And it became interesting to me, and what Palestine is today, and how Palestinians differ from their fellow refugees. And I sat down at the sources of information, because, as the ancient Arab wisdom says, "the seen does not need clarification." And I saw Palestinians only on TV.
After reading history of the state of Palestine, I discovered for myself that the Palestine we have today has nothing to do with historical Palestine. The same is true of Israel. The place there was very lively, and in large and small massacres both Palestine and Israel were repeatedly conquered, conquered, renamed. In general, being was very lively.
The final final came in the 1291 year, when the Egyptians conquered Palestine, and until its next re-conquest Palestine was a province of Egypt. Until 1517, when the Turks ruled the ball. They did it a little longer than the Egyptians, right up to the 1917 year, when the British podgreb all under themselves.
In general, at that time the UK was the world’s evil, and in the Middle East the British had no competitors.
2 November 1917, the English government published the Balfour Declaration, which promised to promote the creation in Palestine of a "national home for the Jewish people." In 1921, three quarters of the territory of the mandate, the United Kingdom gave Transiordan to a separate emirate, from which an independent kingdom of Transjordan was later formed (in 1946). And from 1919 to 1939, the year began the worldwide relocation of Jews to this territory. And the European authorities (including Hitler who joined in) helped in this way in every possible way.
This is the question of "who created Israel."
Things were pretty fun, by the 1945, the Jewish population of Palestine was 33% compared to 11% in 1922. The Palestinians are beginning to strain a little. And began, speaking in modern language, pre-Maid sentiment.
All again ruined by the British.
In 1947, the British government refused the mandate for Palestine, arguing that it was unable to find an acceptable solution for Arabs and Jews.
November 29 The United Nations adopted a partition plan for Palestine (UN General Assembly Resolution No. 1947). This plan assumed the division of Palestine into two states - Arab and Jewish. Jerusalem was declared an international city under the control of the UN in order to prevent conflict over its status.
The Yishuv (Jews living in Israel) accepted this plan, but the League of Arab States and the Higher Arab Committee of Mandatory Palestine rejected it.
In December 1947, the High Commissioner of Palestine submitted to the Ministry of Colony Affairs a forecast that the territory allocated for the creation of an Arab state would be divided between Syria (eastern Galilee), Transjordan (Samaria and Judea) and Egypt (southern ).
Why war? And everything is simple. There was such an organization, KAKAL, something like an all-Jewish obshchak, which bought up land in those territories. And at the time of those events, about 1 250 square kilometers of Palestinian land actually belonged to the Jews. And of course, the Jews were not going to sell it. They created for themselves Israel.
14 May 1948, the formation of the State of Israel was proclaimed in the former territory of Mandatory Palestine.
The next day, seven Arab states (Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Transjordan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Yemen) attacked a new country, thereby starting the First Arab-Israeli War.
And before they started, they called on their brethren to leave Israel. Say, brothers, you go away from there, so as not to fall under the batch, and then when we hang the Jews, then come back. But came the most severe bummer. The coalition really grabbed the Jews, after a year of hostilities, a truce was announced and temporary boundaries were identified, called the Green Line.
Transjordan annexed what was later called the West Bank and East Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip remained under the control of Egypt.
By the way, the declared Arab state in the former mandate territory was never created.
But it was then that the ill-fated Palestinian refugee camps were created. Those who escaped before the war, and the number was estimated at 800 thousand, it was necessary to shove somewhere. Because not everyone was eager to return to the Jews, and the Jews, of course, were not so tolerant at that time.
And since the Arab League (League of Arab States) did not plan to stop having fun with Israel, the refugees became hostage to the situation. Nobody was going to assimilate them, despite the fact that, in general, they were Arabs brothers. Moreover, to emphasize that they are nobody's, in the camps, in the territory of the same Jordan there were no representatives of the Jordanian government. The administration, the police - everything was from the Palestinians. Say, we feed and feed you, and the rest - ourselves.
Everything would probably have been gradually assimilated by the Palestinians, would have received the citizenship of the countries in whose territories they lived, but Shukeyri, Hammud happened, and then came full Arafat. That is, the PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization).
The PLO was founded in 1964 by decision of the League of Arab States with the aim of "liberating Palestine and granting" the legitimate rights of the Arab population of Palestine. "
The PLO’s policy document is the Palestinian Charter adopted by the Palestinian National Council in Cairo in 1968, which provided for the liquidation of Israel, the elimination of the Zionist presence in Palestine, and considered Palestine as an “indivisible regional entity within the borders of the British Mandate”.
In general, LAS found what to occupy these refugees. The liberation of Palestine, that is, the war with Israel. The fact that part of this Palestine was occupied by Egypt and Jordan did not bother anyone. The process has begun.
At first everything was nothing, but then Arafat began to really go to the roof, and he declared war on the king of Jordan Hussein. In a fairly short time, the PLO equipped its main bridgehead in Jordan, from which it regularly struck Israel. Amman Airport regularly took airliners that Palestinians hijacked from international airlines, which formed the image of Jordan as a hotbed of terrorism.
Attempts by King Hussein to pacify the Palestinians were not successful. The main trump card of the PLO was a few millions of refugees who had accumulated by that time, who had found shelter in Jordan, which Arafat threatened to arm and throw against the royal army if anything happened. Refugee camps controlled by armed Palestinian troops played a role. Well, plus the presence of a huge amount weapons.
And Hussein decided to rein in Arafat a little. However, all this resulted in a Middle Eastern disgrace, in which Syria joined on the PLO side. And for Jordan, Israel and the United States harnessed.
As a result, the army of Jordan, which is fighting on two fronts, nevertheless hung the PLO. About 10 thousands of Palestinians were killed, and about 150 thousands were not very politely asked from the country. A part went to the allies in Syria, a part (another stupid thing of Israel) went to Lebanon through Israeli territory.
Prior to the arrival of Gopnik Arafat, Lebanon was called none other than "Middle Eastern Switzerland." Tourism, banks, high standard of living. Moreover, the state was Christian, which positively reflected on tolerance towards all those living.
But the PLO came, and it began. It is clear that after stating in such numbers, the Sunnis from the PLO decided to change everything a bit for themselves. And the struggle of the PLO with Christian apartheid in Lebanon began. The result is a civil war based on religion. The result is about 144 thousands of dead. Even Assad (the father of the current Bashar), who initially actively supported the PLO, at the end "merged" the allies and sent troops into Lebanon.
Are we grieving (some so far) for 800 killed in Sabra and Shatila? Yes, it is human. And you can blame Israel for not stopping the slaughter. But the total number of Christians who perished during the 15 years of the civil war in Lebanon is not impressive? I'm impressed. And so much so that grieving for a handful of Sunni terrorists in comparison with thousands of Christians ... Soul does not rise, to be honest.
Eventually, Arafat left Lebanon for Tunisia. Where he spent with 1982 on 1993 year, trying to fight with Israel. And perhaps the PLO could accumulate strength to fight further, but 1991 happened a year.
It is difficult to say what motives Arafat was guided by, getting into the Gulf War with the PLO on the side of Saddam Hussein. The fact is that Iraq lost, Hussein was executed, and the Palestinians were driven from all the Gulf countries that participated in the war on the side of the coalition. Even Gaddafi, who supports Hussein, decided to expel unpredictable and uncontrollable Palestinian soldiers.
Part of the newly formed crowd of "Palestinian" refugees from the Gulf countries took Libya old-fashioned, with the rest it was necessary to do something.
And Arafat made a historic decision: he began to put up with Israel! And in 1993, the PLO’s return to the Gaza Strip and the West Bank began. But in Gaza, Hamas was already sitting well, which was not very pleased with such movements. And the war began between Hamas and Fatah. As a result, Hamas gained further control over Gaza, and Fatah firmly settled on the ZBRI.
As a result, when Arafat left this world, the situation remained the same: there seems to be Palestine, as a state entity, seemingly there is a Palestinian Authority, but Gaza and Bereg are clearly not friends with each other. Still, we should not forget that Gaza is historically almost Egypt, and ZBRI is Jordan. And to say that an Arab to a Arab is a friend and brother from the Kuriles and to the Carpathians, of course, too optimistic.
So what is the myth - Palestine or Palestinian refugees?
Palestine refugees, it turns out, is not a myth. Indeed, most of all they resemble a hefty gang, wandering throughout the Middle East. And the farther, the less they are less welcome anywhere. It is clear that they will be fed up while they are making movements in the direction of Israel. It's a question of time.
And Palestine is a myth. Which is needed only in order to have a reason to feed these ... refugees. Because the creation of a full-fledged Palestine from two pieces that are at a distance of 300 km from each other is just as unrealistic as uniting Jerusalem and Birobidzhan, for example. Moreover, the pieces are under the control of different (and opposing) groups.
Yes, and living in these pieces all happy. Energy comes from Israel, and absolutely free, other types of livelihoods are coming. Yes, on the one hand, the Israelis could have been pitied, laughing through tears. For so to lose, as if winning the war, we must manage. But nothing can be done. Israel and Palestine are not so good and expensive, plus restless, and for the Palestinians - quite a bit. You can live.
Yes, from time to time by Israel there are attempts to somehow create this Palestine, just to save themselves from unnecessary expenses and hemorrhoids with the militants. If anyone is interested, he can get acquainted with the plan of Lieberman. Pretty sensible initiative. But it was not the Jews who failed her, the Arabs failed her, who absolutely did not want to go to Palestine. Moreover, when open discussions went, the Arabs rushed in droves to buy housing in the part of Israel that would remain Jewish. Probably for good reason.
The nightmare of a Palestinian terrorist fighter for Palestine: the real creation of Palestine. Say no? Look at Ukraine. Look at the fighters of the terbats, for whom Minsk has become a poison. How they violently resist him, as with the stubbornness of cockroaches climb back into the trenches. Nothing in common? But in my opinion, everything is very similar. Not in the face to climb the wrestler something ...
The situation is similar. Yes, sometimes, when you have to change the priorities that have been developed over the years, different feelings arise. So looking at the Palestinian fighters from a different angle, I did not see the fighters. And he saw a crowd of terrorists (even if the PLO even lost the status of a terrorist organization of an international character) who were already tired of everything in the region. Even those who pay them. Because their goal - the destruction of Israel, as declared, they have not achieved.
The bottom line is: Palestine is a myth that is unlikely to ever be realized. If only by the will of the UN ... yes, it is ridiculous to refer to it. Palestinian refugees are as much a myth as Palestine. They have nowhere to run, and, most interestingly, from nowhere.
And last, for skeptics. To all this, there can be many complaints. But one thing I could not understand: why are the Palestinians still refugees? In the third and fourth generations? Why can not take the citizenship of the country in which they live? Or give it to your children? Just to make their lives easier? In case of victory, you can change it, if that.
Why are there two committees with the UN: a committee on refugees in general, and a separate committee on Palestinian refugees in particular?
Apparently, in order to understand the Palestinian Eastern subtleties, the Russian head is not enough.
Information