Remington rifle: by countries and continents
The 1864 carabiner of the year turned out to be a model weapon and was produced for many years. The only improvement in it was that each time, under each order, its bolt was replaced with the corresponding cartridges and, above all, from the round ignition cartridges to the central combat cartridges.
However, it turned out to be more difficult to manufacture, had not three, but four details, but did not give real advantages. The firm failed to interest the United States government, and it lost to Remington in state rifle trials in New York. However, the firm’s rifles were popular in Latin America, where they were supplied chambered for .43 caliber for the Spanish Remington or .50-70 for the US caliber. In production, they remained from 1871 to the end of 1881.
After the Remington-Ryder patents expired, the Whitney company began to copy the Rmington gates in the open, with a total of rifles and carbines released from 50000 to 55000, although it has not yet been documented. However, the company's financial position deteriorated, and in 1888, the entire assets of the company were acquired by the Winchester company. The reason for the purchase is trivial: thus, another competitor was removed from the market, and technical documentation could no longer fall into the hands of potential competitors.
As for the army of the United States themselves, it should be noted that the Remington rifle was not officially accepted into its armament even once and was not officially consisted. Although ... although in fact it does not mean anything!
The bolt rifle chambered central combat.
Thus, the Remington carbine ("1867 Marine carbine of the year") in the 1867 year purchased the American fleet, which had a separate from the land department of armaments. First, the Navy ordered 5000 carbines, and then the same number of pistols with a “rolling block” bolt. True, pistols were not as popular as carbines, because at that time there were already a sufficient number of much more efficient revolvers. In service, they were not for long, and already in 1879, 4000 carbines were sold to private traders and thus spread across the states.
The shutter is closed, the trigger is released.
In 1867, in the amount of 498 pieces, the fleet ordered the so-called "cadet rifles" of the same caliber as the carbines for cadets naval schools. In 1870, in addition to carbines, the Navy ordered 10000 M1870 Navy rifles. From the same 1870 to 1872, three modifications of the Reinton rifle were produced for the American army by the Springfield State Arsenal, having received a license from the company. First, 1008 rifles and 314 carbines were produced, and a year later already 10001 rifles. For what? For testing! And they were carried out very intensively, as evidenced by the number of cartridges shot - 89828 pieces in 1872 alone. Of these, there were 2595 misfires, that is, 2.9% of shots. We managed to find out that the maximum rate of fire of the Remington rifle is 21 (!) Rounds per minute, against 19 for the Springfield bolt-action rifle and the Pipody rifle. It would seem a wonderful result, but the company, which has all the rights to the bolt, demanded a price for the rifles that the army did not agree to.
The rifle with the simplest sights. These could deliver to Honduras, Chile, and the Philippines ...
At the same time, as soon as the test results became known, the “walkers” from the states reached out to the company - order rifles for ... the National Guard! In November 1871, the governor of New York ordered 15000 rifles chambered for .50-70 for the State National Guard.
The rifle model was called the New York State Model, and then followed the 1873 order of the year for 4500 rifles and 1500 saddle rifles “with a ring and a clip”. Outwardly, they were distinguished by "blue trunks" (ie, blued steel) and "white parts", that is, polished bolt and trigger. Then the South Carolina militia (caliber .45-70), Texas, and already in 1898, 35 rifles for the Mauser cartridge 7х57 were made for the crew of the Niagara vessel that delivered to Cuba (and the Spanish-American war began a group of journalists from the newspaper New Yorker, which belonged to the father of the yellow press, William Hearst.
Pistol Remington M1866 .50 caliber was offered for free sale.
But if Remington was not very lucky with America, in Europe his rifles were met with open arms. Where? Yes, everywhere! For example, in the same Austro-Hungary, where in 1866, the company Edward Pajea in Vienna began producing rifles chambered for the caliber 11,2-mm and with Verdlya's tactical bayonet. The next country was the armory "Mecca of Europe" - Belgium, where the Remington rifles in 1869 were made by the company ... Nagana! True, not for myself! And for the neighboring powers: 6100 infantry rifles for the Pope’s Guard (the keys of St. Peter are knocked out on the barrel) plus 1700 carbines (1868); 5000 cavalry carbines for the Netherlands and 2250 carbines with bayonets for police and police; 686 rifles for the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; 15000 for Brazil; 6000 for Greece. However, later the Belgians also released remingtones under the Mauser cartridge 7,65x53 mm and they were called M1910 in their own army.
The cock is cocked, the shutter is open.
In the Danish rifle M1867 / 96 used cartridges central combat caliber 11,35-mm. In total, Denmark received 31500 rifles for infantry and 7040 carbines for cavalry. An interesting feature of the Danish carbines was an additional shop in the butt. It contained 10 cartridges and was closed on top with a hinged lid that represented the top edge of the stock. This model was called "engineering".
In Canada, the Remington carbines were produced for the Montreal police, had a long straight needle bayonet and .43 ammunition of the “Spanish sample” caliber. Interestingly, the axis of the shutter and the trigger on them were fixed on the opposite side with one screw and two-leaf plate.
The cock is cocked, the shutter is closed.
As for France - the country of such powerful weapons traditions, then ... until the end of the Franco-Prussian war, she received a total of 393442 rifles and carbines of all types from Remington, and for different cartridges: Russian Berdanovsky .42 caliber, .43 Egyptian, and .43 Spanish, because during the war the French took everything they could shoot. That is, the contracts of other countries were bought up by the French at an inflated price, since they lacked their own weapons! The French arsenal in Saint-Etienne established the release of remingtones chambered for the caliber 11-mm M / 78 Beaumont, but why this was done for all researchers remains a mystery.
The First World War began, and France, which had an Lebel eight-charge rifle with an 8-mm cartridge, was again forced to order "single-charge" remington for the colonial troops. The caliber was standard - 8-mm, the model was called M1910 and was supplied to the French in 1914 - 1915. They were armed with units in Morocco, Algeria, and French Indo-China.
The French soldiers of the 22 Engineer Regiment are in their amazing sky-blue uniform and carrying Remington 8 rifles. 1915 year.
Greece became another major buyer of remingtones, which made a large order, but received only 9202 rifles. And then the Franco-Prussian war began, France did not have enough of its own weapons, and its government made an offer to Reinton: to buy a Greek order for 15 dollars per piece at a price of 20 dollars! “The power of the straw aches!”, So that the firm could not resist such a “profit” and resold the rifles to the French! As a result, the Greeks were so offended that they did not make the second order!
However, the most interesting thing in Reminton was where? Well, of course in Russia, where else ... One must keep in mind that the company “E. Remington and Sons ”from the very beginning considered Russia as an important potential customer, and tried to open it for its products, but, no matter how hard she tried, luck never came to her. But in the documents of the company 1877, it was noted that "Karl Gunnius was kindly disposed towards the Remington system and did not like the Berdan rifle." He also sent a memorandum to the Minister of War, General Milyutin, urging him to show interest in the Remington rifle. But he was against her and wrote a sarcastic resolution that Russia is not the Papal States or Egypt to buy remingtones, and that he finds it necessary to declare the importance for Russia to develop her own weapon system.
Wait, wait, but perhaps in the books on stories weapons of the Soviet era is not written that it Gorlov and Gunius just "paved the way" in Russia rifle Berdan? Here it is the text that I already forgot where I took it, but the fact that it was printed here is undoubtedly: “In Russia, the transition to a smaller caliber of the 4,2 line occurred on the 1868 year. Shortly before this, the War Department had sent officers A. Gorlov and K. Gunius to the United States. They had to sort out all the abundance of small arms systems, ... and select the best for the Russian army. After careful study, Gorlov and Gunius chose a rifle developed by Colonel X. Berdan of the American Army. However, before transferring it to service and recommending it for mass production, both envoys made improvements to the 25 design. As a result, the rifle has changed so much that it almost lost its similarity with the prototype, and the Americans themselves called it “Russian”. After successful tests, the Russians ordered the Colt plant in Hartford with at least 30 thousand rifles adopted to arm rifle battalions. ”
But in fact, everything was wrong, or rather not quite so! The same Gunnius, it turns out, did not sympathize with the Hiram Berdan system, but tried to advance the Remington rifle into the arsenal of the Russian army! And, it turns out, this is our military minister and the “royal satrap” Milyutin insisted on adopting the Berdan-2 rifle with a sliding bolt, and Gorlov and Gunnius just did what they were ordered from above! And after all the true minister made the decision! Because the Remington shutter, although it was good and fairly simple, nevertheless had one serious drawback - it was not suitable for installing a magazine on it, while magazine rifles began to appear. That is, our Minister of War turned out to be so far-sighted that even then he understood it, and was not at all some kind of stupid courtier the kind of royal ministers we were supposed to portray at the time of these! How does it know? Here's where it came from: from the study of George Lauman, Remington's largest rifle specialist in the United States, the author of a serious study published in 2010. Moreover, the discovery of this does not imply anything in our history, so there was no meaning for him to invent this, and the relevant documents were also preserved.
Filipino insurgents 1899 of the year with Remington rifles in their hands.
It was already noted above that during the First World War, when there was a great shortage of weapons to the warring powers, France purchased Remington rifles to arm their second-line soldiers, and their service life turned out to be surprisingly long. But the most interesting thing is that a batch of Remington M1902 rifles (that is, those released in 1902), and made for the Russian cartridge 7,62x54 mm, was also purchased by Russia, and even earlier, namely during the Russian-Japanese war! It was difficult to say whether they were used or not at the time, but some samples from this lot are now appearing on the market for collection weapons. Then, already from the USSR, these rifles were for some reason sent, where would you think? To Spain, in 1936, as a military aid to the Republicans. In total, in October 1936, 23350 rifles were supplied, which were recorded in the consignment notes as “foreign old rifles”. And what "foreign old rifles" could come from Russia? Only Remington, of course. By the way, then they were captured as trophies by nationalists and demonstrated at the exhibition of captured weapons in August 1938! Why Stalin did just that, “flooding” military rubbish to Republicans, is unclear. That is, it is clear that in this way a part of the warehouses was cleared of the old, but generally useful weapons that had accumulated there, and besides, the USSR also received Spanish gold for them. But was it such a good advertisement for us? Or did he initially not believe in the victory of the Republicans, where the main rulers were still not the Communists, but the Social Democrats who were not so loved by them, who knows ?!
Private and officer of the Philippine Republican Army. In the hands of the ordinary carbine "Remington".
As for Spain itself, they tested Remington, Peabody and Shaspo rifles there in 1868. Won Remington, and the Spaniards ordered 10000 rifles for a Spanish .43 caliber cartridge. Then came the second contract for 50000 and the third for 30000 rifles already in 1873. Moreover, the third order was received simultaneously with the second due to the "business activity" of the defeated French! Well, and then the Spaniards themselves established the release of remingtones under license and sold their products to the countries of Latin America.
The Remington M1867 rifles of the year and the M1870 carbines of the year were in service with the armies of Sweden, Norway and Switzerland. In general, the list of countries that had Remington rifles in their arsenals is extremely extensive. Among them: Egypt and Sudan, Ethiopia and Morocco, Persia, Turkey, Yemen, Israel (!), Where they were used in the 1948 year, followed by Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Honduras, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba and Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad, Uruguay, Venezuela, Cambodia, China, Japan, Philippines and even New Zealand !
Well, and then they instantly sunk into oblivion. It is impossible to attach a store, although the system itself is exhaustively perfect!
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