Malabar-2015 naval exercises will accelerate the global militarization of Eurasia
The likelihood of a grand escalation of regional military conflicts throughout the Eurasian continent is becoming increasingly realistic in light of the development of a large-scale arms race in the Asia-Pacific region, which has recently threatened to cover not only the states of the Far East and Southeast Asia, but also part of the countries of Central Asia, including the leading Arab states of the region. Such a disappointing prediction can be made against the backdrop of the extensive Malabar-2015 naval exercises that have ended, in which, in addition to the US and Indian naval forces, the Japanese Self-Defense Forces again began to take part.
AUG US Navy
Trident Juncture-2015 conducting NATO and US multilateral military exercises in the Mediterranean and the Atlantic are only a small part of a cunning American plan to retain the unipolar system of the world order in Eurasia, while Malabar is a much more far-sighted military-political strategy Westerners to expand their influence in Asia and contain the main developing "small" superpowers, which are China and Iran. The consequences of such plans can be most unpredictable, especially for those members of the “anti-Chinese coalition” who are located in South Asia and the Asia-Pacific Region itself. Threatening prerequisites for a sharp aggravation of the geo-strategic situation in the region, accompanying the Malabar-2015 exercises, began to be seen from the moment of the redeployment of the RQ-4 "Global Hawk" air force of the US Air Force at the end of 2014, to the Misisawa air base, the purchase of additional RQ-4 UAVs The Japanese Defense Ministry, the support of the US Navy of the Philippines and Vietnam in the territorial dispute with China over the Spratly Archipelago, and Japan in a similar dispute over the (Diaoyutai) Senkaku archipelago.
Main news The adopted amendment to the military doctrine of the Self-Defense Forces of Japan, which since the summer of 2015 has allowed the Japanese army to act outside its own state, and we are well aware that the modern combat potential and technological excellence of the Japanese army are solid enough and can easily be used by the United States as a powerful military-political tool to preserve their interests in the APR.
Japanese class destroyer "Akizuki". Unlike ships with the Aegis system, it has clearly marked low-altitude anti-missile qualities, which allow to conduct the defense of the CCG from a massive strike of anti-ship missiles
As you can see, the Ministry of Defense and the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces have already made a significant contribution to countering any strategic threats from the APR: EW, RTR, and air defense forces are regularly held in the Eastern Military District, and recently even air force exercises were held, where the main part was aerial combat the most sophisticated super-maneuverable multi-purpose fighters Su-35S in the region of the Kuril Islands. But the asymmetric actions of the Russian Armed Forces alone in this vast strategic direction are completely inadequate, and the Chinese side here plays the key role as the guarantor of military and economic stability in the APR and South Asia. But is the Celestial Empire able to successfully counter the armed forces of the “anti-Chinese coalition” and what important information have we learned from the naval exercises “Malabar-2015”?
SETTING THE FORCES IS SUFFICIENTLY COMPLICATED AND REQUIRES A QUICK AND RESPONSIVE RESPONSE FROM CHINA, AND ALSO DEVELOPING STRATEGIC COMPONENTS OF THE PLA
And this need is completely obvious, since two players who have weapons, which in China are present only in the form of preliminary designs, are opposed to the Celestial Empire. On the agenda, the Chinese Armed Forces are very keen on developing proper anti-ship defense, as well as developing promising strategic missile-carrying bombers that could be used at the most remote borders of the Pacific and Indian oceans, because the USA, India and Japan have the most developed naval air defense / missile defense , which is now able to withstand even modern anti-ship medium-range anti-ship ballistic missiles DF-21D, the number and range of which still do not allow to gain superiority over They maritime approaches to China. Also, the US Air Force is armed with strategic missile carriers B-1B and B-52H, capable of carrying out massed deadly MRAUs from a distance of 1000 km with the most advanced low-visibility anti-ship missiles "LRASM", the same can be done on surface ships of the American fleet.
Regarding the war in the air, it is worth considering the weakness of the PRC Air Force in the field of "AFARIZATION" fighter aviation, which, in general, can have a very negative impact on the outcome of any air clash between Chinese aircraft and the airborne forces of the so-called “anti-Chinese block”. To assess what is going on, let us resort to technological analysis and comparison of on-board electronic equipment of the US, India and Japan air force fighters with avionics of Chinese fighters.
Virtually the entire carrier-based naval aviation of the United States is based on the F / A-18E / F “Super Hornet” multipurpose fighter jets, which are equipped with fairly advanced on-board radars with the AN / APG-79 AFAR. The capabilities of these radars are much better than the radar parameters that are installed on most of the fighter aircraft fleet of the Chinese Air Force. The active phased array antenna AN / APG-79 consists of 1100 transmit-receive modules (MRP), thanks to which the product has a high resolution and the ability to work in the mode of the synthesized aperture. The radar detects typical air targets with an 3 m2 EPR at a distance of 160 km and “captures” them at 130-140 km. The station accompanies airborne objects on the 28 aisle with the ability to simultaneously capture 8 targets.
The radar of the airplanes of the Japan Self-Defense Air Force has the same potential, the main and most advanced representative of which today remains the F-2A / B multi-role tactical fighter. The fighter is represented by single and double versions, which not only absorbed all the best design aspects of the American F-16C / D, but were also modernized by introducing more lighter composite elements of the airframe, as well as by increasing the wing area by 25% (with 27,87 to 34,84 m2): the Japanese car became slightly more maneuverable than the American Falcon, and the fuel consumption during long-range patrolling at high altitudes decreased. An innovative part of the F-2A avionics can also be considered as a radar with AF-J-APG-1, the antenna array of which consists of gallium arsenide 800 MRP, allowing to operate in 130 radius - 140 km. Although this radar was developed as early as the beginning of the 90s, its main characteristics are still higher than those of the “front-line” radars of most Chinese fighters.
Multi-purpose fighters of the Chinese Air Force Su-30MK2, Su-30MKK have as part of the radar from the Cassegrain N001ВE AR, which have all the parameters of the same H001 of the first versions of the Su-27, the only difference is in the entered air-to-surface mode. These stations have no more than 4-x target channels and 10 target tracking channels “on the aisle” (SNP), which does not put Chinese aircraft into a tactical advantage when conducting long-range air combat. In addition, these radars are not distinguished by high immunity to such sophisticated EW airborne equipment such as the American F / A-18G “Growler”, which is actively used by the naval aviation of the US Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force, which, in extreme cases, will take a clear anti-Chinese position along with Japan, India and the United States.
All 220 Su-30MKIs that are in service with the Indian Air Force are also equipped with PFAR H011M Bars radars, which have higher resolution, bandwidth and power than the Chinese H001BE, and even more, Pearls, installed on light J-10A fighters . As you can see, both the quantitative and qualitative superiority of fighter aviation is now on the side of the “anti-Chinese bloc,” which is why the PRC will not be able to exercise superiority in the air at a distance of more than 1000 km from its own airspace. If we consider that the US Air Force may transfer an additional amount of F-22A to Guam air bases and to Thailand, and the 5-generation ATD-X Sinsin fighter aircraft will soon arrive in Japan, China faces a serious threat.
It is for this reason that we have witnessed such great interest and zeal for China to acquire the Russian super-maneuverable multipurpose fighter Su-35С, the only combat aircraft that can really “pull out of the abyss” of the Chinese air force in the event of military aggression from the more powerful “anti-China coalition” . Su-35 has the most powerful in the world radar "Irbis-E" and a large combat radius of action in 1500 - 1600 km. An important emphasis in the PRC is now being placed on the development of its own PFAR / AFAR radars, which could counter the threat from the high-tech western “war machine”. The success of Chinese domination in the Asia-Pacific and the Indian Ocean directly depends on the acceleration of the X-Numx generation of the J-5 and J-20 fighters.
“MALABAR-2015” EXERCISES INDICATE ANTIKITIAN RACE OF ARMAMENTS OUTSIDE APR TO OUTPUT
Indeed, these naval, early held between the Indian and American fleets, gradually involve more and more regional players, which are united by a solid degree of influence both in the APR and in the Indian Ocean. At the same time, the economic ambitions of the Celestial Empire in the Indian Ocean, which will be defended by the forces of the fleet and developing anti-submarine and strategic aviation, are absolutely clear. It is through the Indian Ocean that the key sea routes for transporting hydrocarbons from the states of the Arabian Peninsula to the APR countries, which the PRC wants to control, pass. The price of the issue is of strategic importance, since China will be able to seriously limit the energy capabilities of the American allies in the APR, in the event of a major regional conflict, taking control of all sea routes passing through the Indian Ocean. The possible acquisition of Pakistani ports through cooperation in promising military-industrial projects is also of great concern to the West, one of which is the licensed production of “Pakistan Aeronautical Complex” Pakistan’s JF-17 “Thunder” multi-role fighter jets, which were developed Chinese CAC. The defense capability of Pakistan, whose relations with India are extremely tense, is based solely on Chinese technology.
For this reason, the Malabar exercises, which differ in the use of strategic weapons, are being conducted. This year, the US nuclear aircraft carrier CVN-71 USS “Theodore Roosevelt”, the RGP URO and Air Defense CG-60 USS “Normandy” class “Ticonderoga” and the literal combat ship of the near sea zone LCS-3 USS “Fort Worth” took part in the exercises. Air and underwater components were represented by the Poseidon P-8A long-range anti-submarine aircraft and the Los Angeles multi-purpose nuclear submarine. Such an arsenal allows the fleet to carry out virtually any shock and defensive operations, especially given the powerful missile defense system provided by Aegis destroyers / cruisers and especially the most modern Indian destroyers of the Kolkata class, which I will dwell on in more detail.
ON PRESENT DAY, PRC PRINCIPLES ARE NOT ABLE TO SERIOUSLY CONFLICT ANTI-CHINESE OVMS
At first glance, it may seem that the Chinese fleet is strong enough to fight alone against virtually any strategic enemy, including even the fleet of another superpower, however, this is not quite so. The PRC Navy, which has 10С powerful 052С (6 ships) and 052D (4 ships) XNUMX powerful armaments, are able to carry out shipboard air defense in fairly large surface areas and some impact functions, but this functionality is greatly limited by the capabilities of the ships И IIS , as well as the parameters of anti-ship armament. The purpose of these destroyers is to ensure the long-term sustainability of the naval strike force of the Chinese Navy in the far sea zone, but it is known that the ships “inherited” all the problems that the “untwisted” system now has when designing the radar architecture of the combat information and control system. Aegis ”, the Chinese designers to copy Western technology has done its job.
The most sophisticated 052D destroyers have a multipurpose Type 346 targeting radar as part of the shipboard BIOS. It is represented by a quadrilateral AFAR located on the edges of the main superstructure and is a more perfect analogue of the American MRLS with ANF AN / SPY-1A, but the active headlight of the Chinese radar does not change the copied principle of operation of this system. Like the American destroyers of the class “Arleigh Burke” and the cruisers “Ticonderoga”, on the Chinese ships the MRLS “Type 346” performs the role of ARLO, linkage of target routes (SNP) and target designation, but the main role of target illumination for SAM is performed by specialized so-called single-channel " SM radar searchlights (X-band) (on American Aegis ships are better known as AN / SPG-62 radar for continuous radiation). Such architecture of the radar equipment of the air defense missile system imposes serious limitations on the performance of the shipboard HHQ-9 air defense missile system, which is not capable of simultaneously “capturing” and hitting more than 2 targets, even with the “star raid” of enemy anti-ship missiles. Even if BIUS can hold 18-20 SAM in the air, only two single-channel illumination radars “choke” on the rapid redistribution of the illumination from the affected 2-s to the next two. The disadvantages of this method of functioning of the CICS and the KZRK make the Chinese destroyers completely defenseless against the means of air attack, which the US Navy and the Indian Air Force already possess.
Already, in order to counter the Chinese Navy in the Indian Ocean, the Indian Air Force did not stint allocate 1100 million dollars for the formation of a specialized reinforced anti-ship aviation regiment of 42 multi-purpose Su-30KI fighters. To this end, more 200 supersonic BrahMos-A anti-ship missiles will be procured in stages. Each Su-30KI can take on BrahMos-A 3 anti-ship missiles (2 missiles on the underwing points of the suspension and one on the ventral), i.e. only in a one-time combat sortie such an air regiment can immediately use 126 missiles flying at 2200 km / h in 15-20 meters above the crest of a wave against Chinese ships, and China has absolutely nothing to oppose such an ocean strike.
Indian Su-30MKIs equipped with BrahMos-A 2Machouss anti-ship missiles can inflict irreparable damage to the Chinese Navy in case of escalation of a major conflict in the ocean theater
Anti-ship weapon The Chinese Navy is now represented by very mediocre YJ-62 (C-602) subsonic missiles developed by China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation. This product implements a long range of flight (400 km), but its low speed (about 950 km / h) and ESR, no less than 0,1m2, do not give any privileges in the fight against dozens of American Aegis destroyers, especially with the support of Indian EM 15 project Class "Calcutta", which even in single use can reflect the massive blow of slow Chinese anti-ship missiles.
Ships of this class are completely different from American ships with the Aegis system on board. They are perfectly "sharpened" for solving the tasks of the missile defense from the blows of numerous enemy anti-ship missiles. To do this, the Indians have equipped the 15A Pr. Israeli multifunctional radar with AFAR EL / M-2248 MF-STAR, which does not use any auxiliary radar for continuous radiation to illuminate the target. The detection, tracking and destruction of targets is carried out exclusively by 4 station antenna arrays and their associated CEMC “EMCCA Mk4”, which controls the work of the most advanced Israeli maritime system “Barak-8”. The range of destruction of targets is 70 km, with the simultaneous "capture" of about a dozen complex air objects at ranges up to 200 km. The system is much more sophisticated than the narrowly focused American Ajgis and the Standart-2 / 3 air defense system, often used to combat ballistic targets. The presence of the EM "Calcutta" in the Indian Navy fully limits the impact potential of the Celestial Navy in any of its versions, and indicates the need to develop a promising low-profile supersonic RCC for the Chinese fleet and air force.
Is China's submarine fleet ready for a regional war?
The main indicator of the perfection of the 21st century submarine fleet is a set of criteria such as low noise, the maximum duration of being submerged, and the availability of sophisticated anti-ship and anti-submarine models of armament combined with highly sensitive sonar complexes. And in this regard, the Chinese Navy is far from the top of development.
In the majority of fleets of the most developed countries, great attention is now paid to projects of multi-purpose non-nuclear submarines with anaerobic air-independent power plants, a vivid example of which are the Russian submarines of the Lada family (677 Ave.), the French Scorpen, German 212 and the Oyacio Japanese submarines. "And" litter. " These submarines can carry underwater duty for 20-30 days without lifting to the surface, which is one of the most important factors of a successfully completed reconnaissance or strike operation, and Chinese submarines today do not possess such capabilities.
One of the most advanced Chinese diesel-electric submarines is Type 039 "Song." Some elements of low acoustic visibility are introduced in the submarine; for example, the cruciform tail and special depreciation supports between the power plant unit and the hull are also equipped with a fairly powerful SQR-A HAK, represented by several active-passive and passive HAS in the nose and sides, which can simultaneously accompany up to 16 underwater and surface targets in near and far zones of marine illumination. There is also a radar detector and a complex of DER and EW "Type 921-A". Rocket or torpedo armament is used from 6 standard 533-mm TA. The officially known submersible depth of a submarine with a displacement of 2250 tons is 300 meters, which is not a unique indicator among modern submarines. The noise of the submarine is much higher than that of the same Japanese "Litter" and "Oyashio". Meanwhile, the Japanese Self-Defense Forces alone are armed with the 11 Oyashio and 5 Soryu submarines. Even older Japanese submarines “Oyasio” have a number of advantages over the Chinese “Sun” type, for example, in the design of the surface of the skin, the slopes and sharp bends of the hull form, which reduce the radar signature of the submarine on the surface several times, reduce the maximum radar detection range anti-submarine and tactical aviation of the enemy 2-3 times. Another distinctive feature is the richer equipment with sonar and radio observation systems. “Oyasio” are equipped with AN / ZQO-5B SAC with active-passive GAS of spherical type, as well as towed GAS AN / ZQR-1 in addition to onboard conformal passive antennas. All systems and complexes are controlled by a powerful BIUS AN / ZYQ-3, based on the American element base, whose performance and throughput are several times higher than on a Chinese submarine.
The Soryu Anaerobic DSEBL is an even more advanced technological unit. The basis of its power plant is an air-independent Stirling engine, which allows it to remain under water for a month. These submarines are made with the original drop-shaped bow, and most of the hull area is equipped with an effective anechoic coating, which will make it invisible even at a distance of 25-40 km from the enemy. Only 16 of Japanese class Oyasio and Soryu submarines are capable of putting into question the sea superiority of the PRC even in a small regional conflict, not to mention a larger one, where the French Sea Scorps can take part in the American Naval Forces ". The meaning of comparing the atomic components of the submarine fleets of China and the "anti-Chinese bloc" does not have any logical sense at all, since the hegemon side is obvious here.
In the future, the situation in the Asia-Pacific region will be complicated, the Malabar naval exercises will more likely become more widespread, which will lead to the satiety of the entire Indian Ocean and the nearby part of South Asia with sea weapons, because China will not exactly sit back. The arms race can cover two key economic regions at once and even involve such major “players” as Iran.
In order to turn the tide in its favor, the Celestial Empire in any case will require the support of the Russian Navy, the development of the project of the promising MAPL, similar to our Yashen, can also play a very important role. Let me remind you that in November of the previous year, a document on the “special status” of the military-technical partnership was signed between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, according to which the Celestial Empire will be able to conclude “small” contracts with Russia for the supply of promising weapons, among which appeared MAPL pr. 885 "Ash" and the Su-35С fighter is the technology that the PRC needs in the first place.
Involving the whole of South Asia into forced militarization in the very next 10 years will turn the entire continent into a conditional theater of military operations of unprecedented scale.
AUG US Navy
Trident Juncture-2015 conducting NATO and US multilateral military exercises in the Mediterranean and the Atlantic are only a small part of a cunning American plan to retain the unipolar system of the world order in Eurasia, while Malabar is a much more far-sighted military-political strategy Westerners to expand their influence in Asia and contain the main developing "small" superpowers, which are China and Iran. The consequences of such plans can be most unpredictable, especially for those members of the “anti-Chinese coalition” who are located in South Asia and the Asia-Pacific Region itself. Threatening prerequisites for a sharp aggravation of the geo-strategic situation in the region, accompanying the Malabar-2015 exercises, began to be seen from the moment of the redeployment of the RQ-4 "Global Hawk" air force of the US Air Force at the end of 2014, to the Misisawa air base, the purchase of additional RQ-4 UAVs The Japanese Defense Ministry, the support of the US Navy of the Philippines and Vietnam in the territorial dispute with China over the Spratly Archipelago, and Japan in a similar dispute over the (Diaoyutai) Senkaku archipelago.
Main news The adopted amendment to the military doctrine of the Self-Defense Forces of Japan, which since the summer of 2015 has allowed the Japanese army to act outside its own state, and we are well aware that the modern combat potential and technological excellence of the Japanese army are solid enough and can easily be used by the United States as a powerful military-political tool to preserve their interests in the APR.
Japanese class destroyer "Akizuki". Unlike ships with the Aegis system, it has clearly marked low-altitude anti-missile qualities, which allow to conduct the defense of the CCG from a massive strike of anti-ship missiles
As you can see, the Ministry of Defense and the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces have already made a significant contribution to countering any strategic threats from the APR: EW, RTR, and air defense forces are regularly held in the Eastern Military District, and recently even air force exercises were held, where the main part was aerial combat the most sophisticated super-maneuverable multi-purpose fighters Su-35S in the region of the Kuril Islands. But the asymmetric actions of the Russian Armed Forces alone in this vast strategic direction are completely inadequate, and the Chinese side here plays the key role as the guarantor of military and economic stability in the APR and South Asia. But is the Celestial Empire able to successfully counter the armed forces of the “anti-Chinese coalition” and what important information have we learned from the naval exercises “Malabar-2015”?
SETTING THE FORCES IS SUFFICIENTLY COMPLICATED AND REQUIRES A QUICK AND RESPONSIVE RESPONSE FROM CHINA, AND ALSO DEVELOPING STRATEGIC COMPONENTS OF THE PLA
And this need is completely obvious, since two players who have weapons, which in China are present only in the form of preliminary designs, are opposed to the Celestial Empire. On the agenda, the Chinese Armed Forces are very keen on developing proper anti-ship defense, as well as developing promising strategic missile-carrying bombers that could be used at the most remote borders of the Pacific and Indian oceans, because the USA, India and Japan have the most developed naval air defense / missile defense , which is now able to withstand even modern anti-ship medium-range anti-ship ballistic missiles DF-21D, the number and range of which still do not allow to gain superiority over They maritime approaches to China. Also, the US Air Force is armed with strategic missile carriers B-1B and B-52H, capable of carrying out massed deadly MRAUs from a distance of 1000 km with the most advanced low-visibility anti-ship missiles "LRASM", the same can be done on surface ships of the American fleet.
Regarding the war in the air, it is worth considering the weakness of the PRC Air Force in the field of "AFARIZATION" fighter aviation, which, in general, can have a very negative impact on the outcome of any air clash between Chinese aircraft and the airborne forces of the so-called “anti-Chinese block”. To assess what is going on, let us resort to technological analysis and comparison of on-board electronic equipment of the US, India and Japan air force fighters with avionics of Chinese fighters.
Virtually the entire carrier-based naval aviation of the United States is based on the F / A-18E / F “Super Hornet” multipurpose fighter jets, which are equipped with fairly advanced on-board radars with the AN / APG-79 AFAR. The capabilities of these radars are much better than the radar parameters that are installed on most of the fighter aircraft fleet of the Chinese Air Force. The active phased array antenna AN / APG-79 consists of 1100 transmit-receive modules (MRP), thanks to which the product has a high resolution and the ability to work in the mode of the synthesized aperture. The radar detects typical air targets with an 3 m2 EPR at a distance of 160 km and “captures” them at 130-140 km. The station accompanies airborne objects on the 28 aisle with the ability to simultaneously capture 8 targets.
The radar of the airplanes of the Japan Self-Defense Air Force has the same potential, the main and most advanced representative of which today remains the F-2A / B multi-role tactical fighter. The fighter is represented by single and double versions, which not only absorbed all the best design aspects of the American F-16C / D, but were also modernized by introducing more lighter composite elements of the airframe, as well as by increasing the wing area by 25% (with 27,87 to 34,84 m2): the Japanese car became slightly more maneuverable than the American Falcon, and the fuel consumption during long-range patrolling at high altitudes decreased. An innovative part of the F-2A avionics can also be considered as a radar with AF-J-APG-1, the antenna array of which consists of gallium arsenide 800 MRP, allowing to operate in 130 radius - 140 km. Although this radar was developed as early as the beginning of the 90s, its main characteristics are still higher than those of the “front-line” radars of most Chinese fighters.
Multi-purpose fighters of the Chinese Air Force Su-30MK2, Su-30MKK have as part of the radar from the Cassegrain N001ВE AR, which have all the parameters of the same H001 of the first versions of the Su-27, the only difference is in the entered air-to-surface mode. These stations have no more than 4-x target channels and 10 target tracking channels “on the aisle” (SNP), which does not put Chinese aircraft into a tactical advantage when conducting long-range air combat. In addition, these radars are not distinguished by high immunity to such sophisticated EW airborne equipment such as the American F / A-18G “Growler”, which is actively used by the naval aviation of the US Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force, which, in extreme cases, will take a clear anti-Chinese position along with Japan, India and the United States.
All 220 Su-30MKIs that are in service with the Indian Air Force are also equipped with PFAR H011M Bars radars, which have higher resolution, bandwidth and power than the Chinese H001BE, and even more, Pearls, installed on light J-10A fighters . As you can see, both the quantitative and qualitative superiority of fighter aviation is now on the side of the “anti-Chinese bloc,” which is why the PRC will not be able to exercise superiority in the air at a distance of more than 1000 km from its own airspace. If we consider that the US Air Force may transfer an additional amount of F-22A to Guam air bases and to Thailand, and the 5-generation ATD-X Sinsin fighter aircraft will soon arrive in Japan, China faces a serious threat.
It is for this reason that we have witnessed such great interest and zeal for China to acquire the Russian super-maneuverable multipurpose fighter Su-35С, the only combat aircraft that can really “pull out of the abyss” of the Chinese air force in the event of military aggression from the more powerful “anti-China coalition” . Su-35 has the most powerful in the world radar "Irbis-E" and a large combat radius of action in 1500 - 1600 km. An important emphasis in the PRC is now being placed on the development of its own PFAR / AFAR radars, which could counter the threat from the high-tech western “war machine”. The success of Chinese domination in the Asia-Pacific and the Indian Ocean directly depends on the acceleration of the X-Numx generation of the J-5 and J-20 fighters.
“MALABAR-2015” EXERCISES INDICATE ANTIKITIAN RACE OF ARMAMENTS OUTSIDE APR TO OUTPUT
Indeed, these naval, early held between the Indian and American fleets, gradually involve more and more regional players, which are united by a solid degree of influence both in the APR and in the Indian Ocean. At the same time, the economic ambitions of the Celestial Empire in the Indian Ocean, which will be defended by the forces of the fleet and developing anti-submarine and strategic aviation, are absolutely clear. It is through the Indian Ocean that the key sea routes for transporting hydrocarbons from the states of the Arabian Peninsula to the APR countries, which the PRC wants to control, pass. The price of the issue is of strategic importance, since China will be able to seriously limit the energy capabilities of the American allies in the APR, in the event of a major regional conflict, taking control of all sea routes passing through the Indian Ocean. The possible acquisition of Pakistani ports through cooperation in promising military-industrial projects is also of great concern to the West, one of which is the licensed production of “Pakistan Aeronautical Complex” Pakistan’s JF-17 “Thunder” multi-role fighter jets, which were developed Chinese CAC. The defense capability of Pakistan, whose relations with India are extremely tense, is based solely on Chinese technology.
For this reason, the Malabar exercises, which differ in the use of strategic weapons, are being conducted. This year, the US nuclear aircraft carrier CVN-71 USS “Theodore Roosevelt”, the RGP URO and Air Defense CG-60 USS “Normandy” class “Ticonderoga” and the literal combat ship of the near sea zone LCS-3 USS “Fort Worth” took part in the exercises. Air and underwater components were represented by the Poseidon P-8A long-range anti-submarine aircraft and the Los Angeles multi-purpose nuclear submarine. Such an arsenal allows the fleet to carry out virtually any shock and defensive operations, especially given the powerful missile defense system provided by Aegis destroyers / cruisers and especially the most modern Indian destroyers of the Kolkata class, which I will dwell on in more detail.
ON PRESENT DAY, PRC PRINCIPLES ARE NOT ABLE TO SERIOUSLY CONFLICT ANTI-CHINESE OVMS
At first glance, it may seem that the Chinese fleet is strong enough to fight alone against virtually any strategic enemy, including even the fleet of another superpower, however, this is not quite so. The PRC Navy, which has 10С powerful 052С (6 ships) and 052D (4 ships) XNUMX powerful armaments, are able to carry out shipboard air defense in fairly large surface areas and some impact functions, but this functionality is greatly limited by the capabilities of the ships И IIS , as well as the parameters of anti-ship armament. The purpose of these destroyers is to ensure the long-term sustainability of the naval strike force of the Chinese Navy in the far sea zone, but it is known that the ships “inherited” all the problems that the “untwisted” system now has when designing the radar architecture of the combat information and control system. Aegis ”, the Chinese designers to copy Western technology has done its job.
The most sophisticated 052D destroyers have a multipurpose Type 346 targeting radar as part of the shipboard BIOS. It is represented by a quadrilateral AFAR located on the edges of the main superstructure and is a more perfect analogue of the American MRLS with ANF AN / SPY-1A, but the active headlight of the Chinese radar does not change the copied principle of operation of this system. Like the American destroyers of the class “Arleigh Burke” and the cruisers “Ticonderoga”, on the Chinese ships the MRLS “Type 346” performs the role of ARLO, linkage of target routes (SNP) and target designation, but the main role of target illumination for SAM is performed by specialized so-called single-channel " SM radar searchlights (X-band) (on American Aegis ships are better known as AN / SPG-62 radar for continuous radiation). Such architecture of the radar equipment of the air defense missile system imposes serious limitations on the performance of the shipboard HHQ-9 air defense missile system, which is not capable of simultaneously “capturing” and hitting more than 2 targets, even with the “star raid” of enemy anti-ship missiles. Even if BIUS can hold 18-20 SAM in the air, only two single-channel illumination radars “choke” on the rapid redistribution of the illumination from the affected 2-s to the next two. The disadvantages of this method of functioning of the CICS and the KZRK make the Chinese destroyers completely defenseless against the means of air attack, which the US Navy and the Indian Air Force already possess.
Already, in order to counter the Chinese Navy in the Indian Ocean, the Indian Air Force did not stint allocate 1100 million dollars for the formation of a specialized reinforced anti-ship aviation regiment of 42 multi-purpose Su-30KI fighters. To this end, more 200 supersonic BrahMos-A anti-ship missiles will be procured in stages. Each Su-30KI can take on BrahMos-A 3 anti-ship missiles (2 missiles on the underwing points of the suspension and one on the ventral), i.e. only in a one-time combat sortie such an air regiment can immediately use 126 missiles flying at 2200 km / h in 15-20 meters above the crest of a wave against Chinese ships, and China has absolutely nothing to oppose such an ocean strike.
Indian Su-30MKIs equipped with BrahMos-A 2Machouss anti-ship missiles can inflict irreparable damage to the Chinese Navy in case of escalation of a major conflict in the ocean theaterAnti-ship weapon The Chinese Navy is now represented by very mediocre YJ-62 (C-602) subsonic missiles developed by China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation. This product implements a long range of flight (400 km), but its low speed (about 950 km / h) and ESR, no less than 0,1m2, do not give any privileges in the fight against dozens of American Aegis destroyers, especially with the support of Indian EM 15 project Class "Calcutta", which even in single use can reflect the massive blow of slow Chinese anti-ship missiles.
Ships of this class are completely different from American ships with the Aegis system on board. They are perfectly "sharpened" for solving the tasks of the missile defense from the blows of numerous enemy anti-ship missiles. To do this, the Indians have equipped the 15A Pr. Israeli multifunctional radar with AFAR EL / M-2248 MF-STAR, which does not use any auxiliary radar for continuous radiation to illuminate the target. The detection, tracking and destruction of targets is carried out exclusively by 4 station antenna arrays and their associated CEMC “EMCCA Mk4”, which controls the work of the most advanced Israeli maritime system “Barak-8”. The range of destruction of targets is 70 km, with the simultaneous "capture" of about a dozen complex air objects at ranges up to 200 km. The system is much more sophisticated than the narrowly focused American Ajgis and the Standart-2 / 3 air defense system, often used to combat ballistic targets. The presence of the EM "Calcutta" in the Indian Navy fully limits the impact potential of the Celestial Navy in any of its versions, and indicates the need to develop a promising low-profile supersonic RCC for the Chinese fleet and air force.
Is China's submarine fleet ready for a regional war?
The main indicator of the perfection of the 21st century submarine fleet is a set of criteria such as low noise, the maximum duration of being submerged, and the availability of sophisticated anti-ship and anti-submarine models of armament combined with highly sensitive sonar complexes. And in this regard, the Chinese Navy is far from the top of development.
In the majority of fleets of the most developed countries, great attention is now paid to projects of multi-purpose non-nuclear submarines with anaerobic air-independent power plants, a vivid example of which are the Russian submarines of the Lada family (677 Ave.), the French Scorpen, German 212 and the Oyacio Japanese submarines. "And" litter. " These submarines can carry underwater duty for 20-30 days without lifting to the surface, which is one of the most important factors of a successfully completed reconnaissance or strike operation, and Chinese submarines today do not possess such capabilities.
One of the most advanced Chinese diesel-electric submarines is Type 039 "Song." Some elements of low acoustic visibility are introduced in the submarine; for example, the cruciform tail and special depreciation supports between the power plant unit and the hull are also equipped with a fairly powerful SQR-A HAK, represented by several active-passive and passive HAS in the nose and sides, which can simultaneously accompany up to 16 underwater and surface targets in near and far zones of marine illumination. There is also a radar detector and a complex of DER and EW "Type 921-A". Rocket or torpedo armament is used from 6 standard 533-mm TA. The officially known submersible depth of a submarine with a displacement of 2250 tons is 300 meters, which is not a unique indicator among modern submarines. The noise of the submarine is much higher than that of the same Japanese "Litter" and "Oyashio". Meanwhile, the Japanese Self-Defense Forces alone are armed with the 11 Oyashio and 5 Soryu submarines. Even older Japanese submarines “Oyasio” have a number of advantages over the Chinese “Sun” type, for example, in the design of the surface of the skin, the slopes and sharp bends of the hull form, which reduce the radar signature of the submarine on the surface several times, reduce the maximum radar detection range anti-submarine and tactical aviation of the enemy 2-3 times. Another distinctive feature is the richer equipment with sonar and radio observation systems. “Oyasio” are equipped with AN / ZQO-5B SAC with active-passive GAS of spherical type, as well as towed GAS AN / ZQR-1 in addition to onboard conformal passive antennas. All systems and complexes are controlled by a powerful BIUS AN / ZYQ-3, based on the American element base, whose performance and throughput are several times higher than on a Chinese submarine.
The Soryu Anaerobic DSEBL is an even more advanced technological unit. The basis of its power plant is an air-independent Stirling engine, which allows it to remain under water for a month. These submarines are made with the original drop-shaped bow, and most of the hull area is equipped with an effective anechoic coating, which will make it invisible even at a distance of 25-40 km from the enemy. Only 16 of Japanese class Oyasio and Soryu submarines are capable of putting into question the sea superiority of the PRC even in a small regional conflict, not to mention a larger one, where the French Sea Scorps can take part in the American Naval Forces ". The meaning of comparing the atomic components of the submarine fleets of China and the "anti-Chinese bloc" does not have any logical sense at all, since the hegemon side is obvious here.
In the future, the situation in the Asia-Pacific region will be complicated, the Malabar naval exercises will more likely become more widespread, which will lead to the satiety of the entire Indian Ocean and the nearby part of South Asia with sea weapons, because China will not exactly sit back. The arms race can cover two key economic regions at once and even involve such major “players” as Iran.
In order to turn the tide in its favor, the Celestial Empire in any case will require the support of the Russian Navy, the development of the project of the promising MAPL, similar to our Yashen, can also play a very important role. Let me remind you that in November of the previous year, a document on the “special status” of the military-technical partnership was signed between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, according to which the Celestial Empire will be able to conclude “small” contracts with Russia for the supply of promising weapons, among which appeared MAPL pr. 885 "Ash" and the Su-35С fighter is the technology that the PRC needs in the first place.
Involving the whole of South Asia into forced militarization in the very next 10 years will turn the entire continent into a conditional theater of military operations of unprecedented scale.
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