Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky - self-taught scientist, founder of cosmonautics

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Exactly 80 years ago, the great scientist Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky, a pioneer in the field of space exploration, passed away. He was born on September 5, 1857 in the village of Izhevsk, located on the territory of the Ryazan province, died on September 19, 1935 in Kaluga. Unique historical personality - Russian and Soviet self-taught scientist, inventor and school teacher. He was the founder of theoretical cosmonautics. He substantiated the use of rockets for flights into space, came to the conclusion that it was necessary to use "rocket trains" - prototypes of multi-stage rockets. Tsiolkovsky believed in the possibility of founding human settlements in space.

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky’s father served in forestry (he was a forester), and his mother, Maria Yumasheva, was from noble landlords, and led the household in accordance with the customs of those years. In childhood, at the age of 10, the future famous scientist fell ill with scarlet fever and almost lost his hearing as a result of the complications of the disease. He caught a cold and got sick, riding on a sled in winter. What Tsiolkovsky called “the saddest and darkest time of my life” came in the future. The hearing loss of the boy deprived the child of a large number of children's amusements and impressions that were available to his peers. However, the compensation was the craving for creativity, invention, skill. Even then, Konstantin begins to independently make watches, toys, and dolls. Later in the 14 years, the future scientist independently produced a lathe, and in 15 years he made a balloon with his own hands.

At the beginning of 1868, the Tsiolkovsky family moved from the Izhevskoye village near Ryazan to the city of Vyatka (Kirov). Here Konstantin Tsiolkovsky begins his studies at the Vyatka gymnasium for men. At the same time, it was quite difficult for him to study due to hearing problems. Surprisingly, problems with hearing in the future did not prevent him from understanding music well. He even wrote the work “The Origin of Music and Its Essence”, and in the Tsiolkovsky family were piano and harmonium. In 1873, Tsiolkovsky was forced to stop studying at the gymnasium due to expulsion. At the same time, the absence of a completed school education did not prevent him from devoting his whole life to the pursuit of exact sciences. After the Vyatka gymnasium, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky never studied anywhere else, preferring to engage in self-education, which he did well for.

Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky - self-taught scientist, founder of cosmonautics


At the age of 16, the young man went to conquer Moscow, where he spent several years laying them on the altar of mechanics and natural sciences. In fact, the father sent his son to enter the Higher Technical School (today the Bauman Moscow State Technical University), providing him with a cover letter to his acquaintance asking for help to settle in the capital. However, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky lost the letter, remembering only the address: German Street (today Bauman Street). Reaching this street, he rented a room in the apartment of the washerwoman.

For reasons unknown today, Tsiolkovsky never entered the school, but remained in Moscow, where he continued his self-education. At the same time, the future great scientist lived very modestly, literally on black bread and water. Father sent him to Moscow for 10-15 rubles every month. Of this money for food, Konstantin spent very little. Later, he recalled that every three days he went to the bakery, where he bought bread for 9 kopecks. Thus, in a month he lived on 90 kopecks. To save money, Tsiolkovsky moved around the capital only on foot. He preferred to spend all free cash on the purchase of books, chemicals for experiments and instruments. Every day from 10 o'clock in the morning to 15 o'clock in the afternoon it could be found in the Chertkovsky Public Library - the only free library in the Russian capital of those years.

For three years in the library, Tsiolkovsky independently mastered the entire gymnasium program and most of the university program. So in the first year of his life in Moscow, he studied physics and the beginnings of mathematics. And then he grasped higher algebra, differential and integral calculus, spherical and analytical geometry, astronomy, chemistry and mechanics, and all this independently. He did not forget about simpler material, reading also journalism and fiction. Actively engaged in the study of journals, which published journalistic and scientific articles. He enthusiastically read the works of Shakespeare, Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy.

However, studying, eating and renting housing in the capital at some point became very expensive for a young man in monetary terms. His father felt bad, was going to retire and could no longer send money to him. Therefore, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky returned to his father in Vyatka. He returned home weakened, thinner, and with eyesight spoiled by overuse of reading. After that, Tsiolkovsky began to wear glasses. His knowledge base allowed him to engage in private teaching, he gave lessons in physics and mathematics. He never had a lack of disciples. In his teaching work, he focused on a visual demonstration: he conducted numerous experiments on physics and made paper models of polyhedra on geometry, which he liked and was well accepted by his students.



In 1878, the Tsiolkovsky family returned to Ryazan, where in the autumn of 1879, Konstantin successfully passes the exam for the district mathematics teacher at the First Gubernian High School. As a “self-taught” he had to pass a “full” exam - not only the subject itself, but also grammar, worship, catechism, and other mandatory disciplines. These subjects did not interest Tsiolkovsky before, but he managed to prepare and pass them in a short time. In 1880, he left Ryazan, receiving a direction as a teacher of arithmetic and geometry at the Borovsk uyezd school of the Kaluga province. Borovsk was located at a distance of 100 kilometers from Moscow.

It is working in Borovsk, he begins his scientific activity. In this city, he lived and taught 12 for years, started a family, made friends, wrote and published his first scientific papers. At the same time began his contacts with the Russian scientific community. It all started with an incident. Tsiolkovsky independently developed the basis of the kinetic theory of gases and sent the results to the Russian Physico-Chemical Society. The response from Mendeleev greatly upset him, the famous Russian scientist in his letter noted that the kinetic theory of gases was discovered 25 years ago. However, the calculations made by Tsiolkovsky were appreciated. The reason for the lack of information of Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was that he was self-taught, isolated from the scientific community and modern scientific literature. In this first failure did not stop him, and he continued his studies. In the period of his life in Borovsk, he was accepted into the Russian Physico-Chemical Society, and his work “The Mechanics of a Living Body” received a favorable review by I. M. Sechenov.

Here in Borovsk, starting from 1884, he begins to engage in the scientific substantiation of the all-metal aerostat (airship), the hovercraft, the streamlined airplane, the rocket for interplanetary travel. He was engaged in literature. It was in Borovsk in 1887 that Tsiolkovsky wrote his first science fiction work, a short novel On the Moon. While living in Borovsk, he fell in love with skating and skiing. In this case, the inquisitive mind of the inventor, and here he found a use. He invented a ride on a frozen river with the help of an umbrella “sail”, soon he created a sledge with a sail on the same principle. Later, in his autobiography, he wrote: “Peasants drove along the river, horses were scared by the speeding sails, prowlers cursed with an obscene voice, but in my deafness I had no idea about it for a long time.

In 1892, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky moved to Kaluga, where he began work as a teacher of physics and mathematics, while doing astronautics and aeronautics. It was in Kaluga that he turned to a topic that had been little studied at that time - the creation of aircraft heavier than air. Here in Kaluga, he created a tunnel in which he checked the aerodynamics of aircraft. In fact, we are talking about the first in our country wind tunnel. Konstantin Eduardovich asked for money from the Physico-Chemical Society for the data, but the company did not send a penny to the experiments. As a result, the self-taught scientist had to spend on researching their own savings. At his own expense, he created, and then thoroughly tested approximately 100 different models of aircraft. Soon the news of these experiments still forced the Physico-Chemical Society to allocate the researcher 470 rubles, which he sent to create an improved wind tunnel. And with 1896, Tsiolkovsky began to systematically engage in the theory of the motion of jet apparatus, proposing several schemes of long-range missiles and rockets intended for making interplanetary travel.



Tsiolkovsky continued to work a lot and fruitfully to create a theory of the flight of jet aircraft, he invents his own gas turbine engine, and first proposes the idea of ​​a "landing gear that moves down" the chassis. Irresistibly attracted him and the cosmos, he wrote a lot on this subject of scientific, journalistic and artistic materials. One of his fundamental works is "Exploration of outer space with the help of a jet engine."

The twentieth century brought many troubles to the scientist. In 1902, his youngest son Ignat committed suicide (he had four children in total: a daughter and three sons). And after 5 years, the Oka River overflowed its banks and flooded its house, destroying the scientist’s unique calculations and unique machines. Curiously, the elements interfered with his work for the second time. In 1897, the fire destroyed the scientist's house, many of his models, drawings, manuscripts, a library, all the family’s property, except for the only sewing machine that they managed to throw out the window, also died in the fire. Konstantin Eduardovich expressed his thoughts and experiences on this subject in the manuscript “Prayer”.

In general, the first years of the 20th century were the hardest for him. After the Bolsheviks came to power, 5 June 1919 of the Year, the Council of the Russian Society of Understanding World Studies accepted it into its ranks, having appointed a pension as a member of the scientific community. In fact, it saved the scientist from starving to death during the years of devastation and civil war, since the Socialist Academy of Sciences did not elect him to their ranks on 30 June 1919, practically leaving him without means of subsistence. And in 1923, his second son, Alexander, settled scores with the life of his second son.

At the same time 17 November 1919, Tsiolkovsky was arrested, after a search in his house he was taken to Lubyanka, where he was interrogated for several weeks. By happy coincidence, someone from the country's political leadership and a scientist interceded for him. Only in 1921, all of Tsiolkovsky's research in the field of space gained recognition, and from the new authorities he received a lifetime allowance.



Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky passed away on September 19, 1935. During his life, he has created more than 400 works on the theory of rocket science. The very day after his death, a resolution of the Soviet government was published on measures aimed at perpetuating the memory of the great Russian scientist and transferring his scientific works to the Main Directorate of Civil Air Fleet. In the future, by decision of the government, his work was transferred to the USSR Academy of Sciences, where a special commission was created to develop the works of Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. The Commission distributed scientific works written by scientists in various sections. The first volume included all of Tsiolkovsky's work on aerodynamics; the second volume is his scientific works on jet aircraft; the third volume - work on all-metal airships, as well as on increasing the energy of heat engines and various issues of applied mechanics, on the use of tides and waves, flooding deserts and cooling human dwellings in them and various inventions; the fourth volume includes the works of Konstantin Tsiolkovsky on astronomy, biology, geophysics, the structure of matter and other problems; finally, the fifth volume was composed of biographical materials and the correspondence of the scientist.

The main achievements of Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky:

- Worked on the justification of the possibility of making space travel;
- Created the first Russian aerodynamic laboratory and wind tunnel. Created a methodology for the study of aerodynamic properties of aircraft;
- Created a model of all-metal airship, designed a controlled balloon;
- He outlined a strict theory of jet propulsion, proved the need for the use of rockets for space travel;
- He proposed the launch of a rocket with an inclined guide, this principle was implemented in volley fire systems;
- Created own gas turbine engine scheme.

Based on materials from open sources
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37 comments
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  1. +13
    19 September 2015 04: 52
    Thanks to the author for the article.
    It is people like Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky was created the greatness and glory of our Fatherland.
    1. -2
      19 September 2015 11: 54
      But the author did not say that Tsiolkovsky’s father was a Pole. Tsiolkovsky said that he is a mixture of Polish and Tatar (mother) blood
      1. +4
        19 September 2015 12: 26
        Quote: boruta
        But the author did not say that Tsiolkovsky’s father was a Pole. Tsiolkovsky said that he is a mixture of Polish and Tatar (mother) blood

        The author is about a brilliant, great scientist, and you about petty (nationality). What difference does what nationality was the father. Konstantin Eduardovich the great Russian (in spirit, in the pursuit of knowledge, in the desire to benefit the homeland) scientist!
        1. -1
          19 September 2015 13: 06
          I know that the Bolsheviks destroyed you as a nation, and you still do not know who you are. Ho nationality is very important for a person. Of course, Tsiolkovsky or Rokossovsky were Russians because their mothers were Russians. Ho knew that this was not a typical Russian spirit.
          1. +3
            19 September 2015 13: 57
            But the Americans have created a "nation". From the world's rabble.
            1. +1
              19 September 2015 18: 12
              Quote: Engineer sapper
              But the Americans have created a "nation". From the world's rabble.

              I would argue over this statement.
              Ruling a nation and creating a nation are things of different levels, now we can say the apogee of the American consumer society. As Americans were scum, they actually remained, though with a rare exception.
          2. +7
            19 September 2015 14: 15
            Quote: boruta
            I know that the Bolsheviks destroyed you as a nation, and you still do not know who you are.

            laughing Laughed !!!! laughing
            We are RUSSIAN, I hope this is clear?
            This is such a nation, the structure of the soul and mentality. It doesn’t matter what nationality the parents had.
            Spirit - these are the dominant measure of the concept RUSSIAN.
            1. +2
              19 September 2015 17: 06
              Quote: K-50
              Laughed !!!!
              We are RUSSIAN, I hope this is clear?
              This is such a nation, the structure of the soul and mentality. It doesn’t matter what nationality the parents had.
              Spirit - these are the dominant measure of the concept RUSSIAN.

              Actually, the correct name for Rusy. The peoples who were patronized by the Rus were called Russians. The self-name of a people cannot be an adjective. German is German, French is French. For example, a Negro may be Russian, but he will not become a Rus. So boruta is right, under the Bolsheviks there was an ideology of denazification, everyone had to be Soviet. For example, under the tsar, there was a song "Thunder of victory, hear brave Ross, have fun" here is the self-name of the nation. In 1945, the victory poster had already written "Glory to the Russian people", and in the 2000s, the poster was left and replaced with "Glory to the victorious people"
      2. +3
        19 September 2015 12: 51
        But the author did not say that Tsiolkovsky’s father was a Pole.

        It seems to me that you and Pushkin cannot be ranked Russian in any way ...
    2. 0
      19 September 2015 15: 20
      in the article not all aspects of his activity are shown
      where is it about the fact that in the cosmic future of mankind it is necessary to take away children in toddlers from their parents, and to send helpless old people to the nozzles of rocket engines so that they can work as a fuel for the last to conquer the Universe? (eugenics, etc.)
      read the deaf old man more closely hi
  2. +4
    19 September 2015 05: 04
    By the way, against the background of Tsiolkovsky and other self-taught people, higher education is not so important and the notorious exam is not so decaying.
    1. +3
      19 September 2015 05: 41
      Quote: VseDoFeNi
      By the way, against the background of Tsiolkovsky and other self-taught people, higher education is not so important and the notorious exam is not so decaying.

      As personal experience shows, higher education is in promotion, and when recruiting a second time. Primarily, it is a pull, or belonging to the "family" and a feeling of fellowship with the ability to work with the Language, both in a good and figurative sense.
      Now about Tsiolkovsky, and several years ago I watched a program about this genius, and about what it was he created and embodied in the drawings the first airship, which he was stolen and transmitted by Russian teachers of modern lovers of Western values ​​from the Russian Academy of Sciences. And he was told that this device is not of interest. And lo and behold, a few years later, such an apparatus appeared in the west.
      So, judging by this occasion, all the achievements of Western civilization are zilch, that is, all plagiarism, and theft.
      1. +1
        19 September 2015 07: 22
        Quote: Sirocco
        As personal experience shows, higher education is in promotion, and when recruiting a second time. Primarily it is a pull, or belonging to the "family" and a feeling of fellowship with the ability to work

        What kind of job are you talking about now? In Gazprom?
        1. 0
          19 September 2015 07: 49
          Quote: VseDoFeNi
          What kind of job are you talking about now? In Gazprom?

          What do you think? What kind of work am I talking about?
          Yes, such a situation is everywhere. The system is my friend system.
          I realized that these are truly golden words. Well, where we do not.
          1. +1
            19 September 2015 16: 20
            Quote: Sirocco
            What do you think? What kind of work am I talking about?

            And I just observe the opposite. If the head is sane, the presence of crusts does not matter.

            Quote: Sirocco
            Well, where we do not.

            Good THERE where WE ARE !!!
            1. 0
              20 September 2015 04: 49
              Quote: VseDoFeNi
              And I just observe the opposite

              Where did you find such a job, and with such a leader?
              You are clearly lucky. Please share where you work. You can in PM. I'm very interested.
              Into the account GOOD, where are you ???
              I put another meaning in this phrase.
              I have a wide circle of friends, friends work in different structures, and when communicating with them one common nuance was revealed about which I wrote above.
    2. +1
      19 September 2015 05: 45
      Quote: VseDoFeNi
      By the way, against the background of Tsiolkovsky and other self-taught people, higher education is not so important and the notorious exam is not so decaying.

      Yes, Tsiolkovsky is self-taught, it was really easy for him to look at the world with his eyes closed, because, as practice shows (and science too), all education only limits a child (adults are no exception) to look at the world around them on their own, without prejudice (and mistakes) their teachers. This is a common educational problem. It’s hard to deal with it.
      Another thing is that for the realization of ideas and even real projects of Tsiolkovsky, the colossal efforts of huge teams of highly educated specialists in completely diverse fields of science and also not small financial and industrial resources were needed. This must also be taken into account. To everything else, all this together in fifth need to be somehow organized? And where to get talented specialists of an organizational profile, and even in areas with completely different principles of labor organization, such as scientific and production areas. So if you look at all these problems, it will immediately become clear that I can deal with all this complex of issues exclusively only by geniuses. So now the question arises: where to get these geniuses? Yes in such quantity?
      The problem is insoluble. So the question is: so who solved it?
      1. +1
        19 September 2015 07: 28
        Quote: venaya
        Another thing is that to implement the ideas and even real projects of Tsiolkovsky, the colossal efforts of huge teams of highly educated specialists in completely diverse fields of science and also not small financial and industrial resources were needed.

        Finance, this is pure virtual. As for real resources. then in Russia / the USSR there are more of them than anywhere else. One thing is bad - woe from the mind.

        Quote: venaya
        And where to get talented specialists of an organizational profile, and even in areas with completely different principles of labor organization, such as scientific and production areas.
        Bunker to help you.


        Quote: venaya
        So now the question arises: where to get these geniuses? Yes in such quantity?

        According to the law of normal distribution (normal law of distribution) ~ 5% of the population is "very smart", which is about 7 million people.
        1. 0
          19 September 2015 08: 04
          Quote: VseDoFeNi
          So now the question arises: where to get these geniuses? Yes in such quantity?

          According to the law of normal distribution (normal law of distribution) ~ 5% of the population is "very smart", which is about 7 million people.

          I note that Tsiolkovsky has already died, i.e. in 1935.
          After the defeat of the country in 1917, 7 million very smart in Russia have not yet been formed. A couple of pitiful steamers "very smart" were sent by the "smart guys" in 1918, far and forever. So superfluous smart ones in the amount of more than 7 million appeared only after 1991-1993. Let me remind you that we are discussing an article about a man who died in 1935. And in my commentary I describe exactly the situation in the corresponding period of time. Why should we discuss today's grief in this case?
          1. 0
            19 September 2015 16: 24
            Quote: venaya
            Let me remind you that we are discussing an article about a man who died in 1935.

            The law of normal distribution. like other natural laws, they always work, even in 1935, even in 2035 ...
  3. +1
    19 September 2015 06: 41
    May it not be scanty TALENTS LAND RUSSIAN. PROVED BY HISTORY !!!
  4. +2
    19 September 2015 07: 00
    Quote: VseDoFeNi
    By the way, against the background of Tsiolkovsky and other self-taught people, higher education is not so important and the notorious exam is not so decaying.

    Well, what was Tsiolkovsky able to do in our "advanced age"? Unfortunately, it is the USE indicator that is the basis for enrolling in a university, and a diploma (even a fake one) for hiring. And you can talk for a long time about self-education with members of the selection committee, and in the personnel department. Tsiolkovsky was not even allowed to go with the village children - IF THERE IS NO PAPER, YOU ARE NOT A HUMAN! hi
    1. +1
      19 September 2015 16: 26
      Quote: fa2998
      IF THERE IS NO PAPER, YOU ARE NOT A PERSON!

      It works for you unconditionally. For others, the exact opposite is true when a person himself is the reason for his life, and not a piece of paper.
    2. The comment was deleted.
  5. +1
    19 September 2015 07: 04
    In Russia and in Russia, education has always been valued. Mitrofanushek-minors were not respected in Russian society. And the West is built on the worship of the golden calf. We have different vectors of existence with them! If you look, it turns out that the outstanding people of America are former Russians, or having Russian roots in any generation. May the land of Russia Tsiolkovsky not be impoverished !!!
  6. +2
    19 September 2015 07: 08
    Quote: name
    May it not be scanty TALENTS LAND RUSSIAN. PROVED BY HISTORY !!!


    Yes, I listened to the Tsiolkovsky space, and I heard. Gave, figuratively speaking, a kick to practices - as a result, Gagarin, period. IT will not be taken away from us. And now try to take it away.
  7. +3
    19 September 2015 07: 37
    K.E. Tsiolkovsky - Russian multifaceted Diamond of Science!
    Such units.
    Our Fatherland is always proud of such !!!
  8. +4
    19 September 2015 08: 17
    He wrote the equation of motion for a point of variable mass, as applied to a rocket.

    And now Amer rockets fly according to this Equation. According to the Russian Equation. There is no other.

    In Russia, a school teacher could, with a simple pencil, link the ratio of relative mass and the natural logarithm of the specific impulse of the engine. He was not a democrat. He was not a homopedist. He was starving, like all Russians (anyone who doubts can read the memories).

    This is one of the people on which Russia has stood and stands.
  9. 0
    19 September 2015 08: 34
    There is such a short simple word - "power"

    Power, unlike force, is worth it, even if it brings down 100500 megatons.
  10. +6
    19 September 2015 09: 18
    Humanly - Tsiolkovsky had a difficult fate - and one can sympathize with him.
    But from it just made the ICON for ideological reasons.

    And from a practical point of view, it is better to look at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Even then (... and even earlier ...) there were a lot of talented people. The so-called Tsiolkovsky formula was developed by Meshchersky much earlier. All Baumanka studied according to Meshchersky's textbooks throughout the 20th century. A small newspaper - "Baumanets" has been published and is being created in Baumank. It is extremely interesting to read it - it described the spirit of that time, ... the history of departments ... biographies of extremely bright and extraordinary people. It was they who made the initial impulse in many of the great technical programs of our country (and often put forward their ideas earlier than those were offered abroad) ... It is important to mention that the deepest theoretical feeding of Baumanka came from the fur-mat of Moscow State University (.. and was successfully absorbed)

    When I studied in Baumanka in the late 70s and early 80s, there was an amazing atmosphere of some kind of fraternity and freedom of discussion of technical ideas.

    This then became such a dissonance in comparison with what I saw in the industry ..
    1. 0
      20 September 2015 22: 11
      At one time we studied. I finished P8. Really Russian Higher Technical School!
  11. +1
    19 September 2015 09: 37
    As a child, he was read out by A. Belyaev’s novels, written on the basis of the ideas of Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky .. KEC’s star .. Leap into nothing, Aerial ship .. Gorky, admiring the scope of Tsiolkovsky’s thoughts, his works, “striking the imagination”, wrote: “... it's time, it's time! - write a book about this amazing person. ” And Belyaev responded to Gorky's call, deciding to create a literary portrait of the famous scientist. Unfortunately, the manuscript did not reach us - it was lost during the blockade. Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky space man. A citizen of Ethereal Island. So A. Belyaev wrote about him ...
  12. +1
    19 September 2015 13: 21
    Quote: VseDoFeNi
    By the way, against the background of Tsiolkovsky and other self-taught people, higher education is not so important and the notorious exam is not so decaying.


    The wildest amateurism ...

    I have met such "self-taught", charged with ideas ..
    They should not be allowed to enter into practical work in any way ...
    For the simplicity of my soul, I helped theoretically and practically - now I have interesting memories.
    1. -1
      19 September 2015 17: 54
      The main achievements of Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky:

      - Worked on the justification of the possibility of making space travel;
      - Created the first Russian aerodynamic laboratory and wind tunnel. Created a methodology for the study of aerodynamic properties of aircraft;
      - Created a model of all-metal airship, designed a controlled balloon;
      - He outlined a strict theory of jet propulsion, proved the need for the use of rockets for space travel;
      - He proposed the launch of a rocket with an inclined guide, this principle was implemented in volley fire systems;
      - Created own gas turbine engine scheme.


      Author - you can not distort

      Practical directions from the above list have nothing to do with Tsiolkovsky.
      It's about like ..
      One of my acquaintances, grandfather, was a General in the past .., Chief Designer, Academician of the Tsiolkovsky Academy of Space Sciences, .. doctor of sciences, .. co-author of books and inventions ...
      What is he? - very smart ?...
      The humor is that I watched it from 1985 to 2010. During this time I have never seen the brilliance of his own scientific thought .. (.. yes, or just intelligible technical thought ...)

      Well what can I say .. - Played Tsiolkovsky?...

      I heard - in the space industry - problems - bright "brain engines" try to bypass the industry side ...
      1. 0
        19 September 2015 22: 26
        Lovers to minus
        look carefully at the Youtube documentary video with Tsiolkovsky.
        I recommend paying attention to the eyes
  13. +3
    19 September 2015 19: 33
    Tsiolkovsky did a lot. Including, I deserve attention his philosophical works.
    In general, a visit to Kaluga, to the K.E. Tsiolkovsky. it is hard to imagine how he worked under such conditions. really a genius.
    In the 90s there were publications about more talented scientists in this field. Nevertheless, the Tsiolkovsky formula, which determines the speed that the aircraft develops under the influence of the thrust of a rocket engine, unchanged in direction, in the absence of all other forces .... remains the Tsiolkovsky formula
    1. 0
      19 September 2015 22: 09
      Sorry - but this is the Meshchersky formula
      Meshchersky gave us, for example, a textbook on which the whole Bauman was studying theoretical mechanics.
      1. +3
        19 September 2015 22: 31
        Yes, actually, the question is not about authorship. Unfortunately, I studied in other textbooks. Indeed, I am sorry, because if the Bauman MVTU studied according to this textbook .... he deserves to not be forgotten.
        Tsiolkovsky became a kind of symbol of the USSR, which a person can achieve, even with disabilities. It was not for nothing that I wrote about the Tsiolkovsky House Museum in Kaluga. It is very interesting to see and really feel in what conditions the scientist worked.
        In fact, we lost a lot of brilliant scientists who were forced to leave the country, who died prematurely. It is good that you specify such interesting points. History, and even more so the history of science, is full of understatements and contradictions.
        Sincerely.
        1. 0
          19 September 2015 23: 11
          In fact, Tsiolkovsky is just an unhappy person who "left" life in his dreams and fantasies.
          For a real serious study of ideas, he did not have sufficient technical qualifications.
          How ethical it was to make an icon out of it - I can not judge
          Why this icon was needed is a too vague question ..
          Question about the authorship of the formula.
          This formula itself is derived from the group of differential equations already then 100 years old as well known. That is - we need such a formula - take it yourself and deduce .. For a person with sufficient mathematical training, there are no special problems here .. So even Meshchersky himself is most likely not the first ..
  14. 0
    20 September 2015 23: 20
    The author did not bother to write about Tsiolkovsky’s relationship with the church, and this crane is interesting.
  15. 0
    25 September 2015 14: 12
    Very good article. Thank you. I regret that I accidentally missed it.

"Right Sector" (banned in Russia), "Ukrainian Insurgent Army" (UPA) (banned in Russia), ISIS (banned in Russia), "Jabhat Fatah al-Sham" formerly "Jabhat al-Nusra" (banned in Russia) , Taliban (banned in Russia), Al-Qaeda (banned in Russia), Anti-Corruption Foundation (banned in Russia), Navalny Headquarters (banned in Russia), Facebook (banned in Russia), Instagram (banned in Russia), Meta (banned in Russia), Misanthropic Division (banned in Russia), Azov (banned in Russia), Muslim Brotherhood (banned in Russia), Aum Shinrikyo (banned in Russia), AUE (banned in Russia), UNA-UNSO (banned in Russia), Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People (banned in Russia), Legion “Freedom of Russia” (armed formation, recognized as terrorist in the Russian Federation and banned)

“Non-profit organizations, unregistered public associations or individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent,” as well as media outlets performing the functions of a foreign agent: “Medusa”; "Voice of America"; "Realities"; "Present time"; "Radio Freedom"; Ponomarev; Savitskaya; Markelov; Kamalyagin; Apakhonchich; Makarevich; Dud; Gordon; Zhdanov; Medvedev; Fedorov; "Owl"; "Alliance of Doctors"; "RKK" "Levada Center"; "Memorial"; "Voice"; "Person and law"; "Rain"; "Mediazone"; "Deutsche Welle"; QMS "Caucasian Knot"; "Insider"; "New Newspaper"