Air-to-air missile of short range RVV-MD

14
To effectively solve the problem of gaining air superiority or protecting airspace, fighter aircraft must have a fairly wide range of guided missile weapons. With the help of guided missiles of several types with different characteristics, it is possible to ensure the destruction of targets in a wide range of ranges and thereby create a kind of echelon interception system. At the same time, both long-range missiles and close-range weapons are of great importance. One of the latest domestic developments in the field aviation short-range air-to-air missiles is the RVV-MD missile.

The RVV-MD project (“Short-range air-to-air missile”) was created at the Vympel GosMKB. I.I. Toropov. This organization is also responsible for the production of new missiles. The RVV-MD product is not a fully new development and is another development variant of the rather old P-73 guided missile. Nevertheless, due to the use of new equipment, it was possible to significantly improve the characteristics of the rocket and its overall combat effectiveness. In addition, the new project took into account the use of missiles by modern aircraft.

According to some sources, the creation of the RVV-MD rocket started in the late nineties, and then the promising product was designated as P-73M. The new name RVV-MD for the first time appeared in the Vimpel GosMKB documents in 2007. Two years later, for the specialists and the public for the first time showed the layout of the new rocket. It was demonstrated at the company's booth in one of the pavilions of the MAKS-2009 exhibition. In the future, RVV-MD mock-ups repeatedly replenished the exposition of the stands of GosMCB Vympel and Tactical Missile Weapons Corporation (KTRV), which now includes the design bureau.


Rocket RVV-MD at the exhibition MAKS-2015. Photo by Saidpvo.livejournal.com


Being a further development of the existing rocket, the RVV-MD product is intended for solving the same tasks as its predecessor. The new short-range missile is designed to attack air targets in various conditions, including during the near-high-maneuverable combat. The rocket provides for the defeat of various types of air targets at any time of the day and in any direction relative to the aircraft carrier. Also, according to the developer, there is the possibility of attacking targets against the background of the earth and protection against enemy countermeasures.

During the creation of the new rocket, it was decided to leave unchanged the overall layout of the base P-73. Nevertheless, the design of the new RVV-MD provides some original innovations aimed at improving performance.

The overall appearance and layout of the RVV-MD rocket does not differ from the base P-73. It has a cylindrical body with a total length of 2,92 m and a diameter of 0,17 m. The head part of the body is made in the form of a conical part with a transparent hemispherical fairing. On the outer surface of the case there are four groups of X-shaped planes. Immediately behind the head fairing there are four sensors of aerodynamic angles, with the help of which the automatics monitors the flight parameters of the rocket. Behind them is a group of trapezoidal destabilizers, behind which are swept all-turning aerodynamic rudders with a span of 38,5 cm. Trapezoidal wings with ailerons are established in the tail section of the hull. The launch weight of the rocket is 0,51 kg.

According to reports, the layout of the missile RVV-MD corresponds to the layout of the base P-73. The rocket body is divided into five compartments in which this or that equipment is placed. The head compartment accommodates the homing head and part of the control system units. In the second compartment are autopilot, steering cars and a fuse. The third compartment is occupied by a gas generator, the fourth - the warhead. The tail fifth compartment is allocated to a solid-fuel engine and aileron drives.

The RVV-MD rocket is equipped with a passive infrared homing head. To improve combat performance and ensure resistance to countermeasures, a dual-band homing is used. As with some previous versions of the P-73 rocket, a cooled photodetector is used. The homing head is capable of detecting targets that are in a sector of width 120 °. In this case, the coordinator of the GOS may deviate by 75 ° from the neutral position.

The homing head and autopilot jointly develop commands for a set of controls. In order to ensure the highest possible maneuverability, the RVV-MD rocket has nasal rudders and tail ailerons. In addition, gas-dynamic rudders are used to adjust the flight path by changing the engine thrust parameters.


General view of the rocket. The nasal planes and the laser fuse window are clearly visible. Photo Bastion-karpenko.narod.ru


The target is hit with a rod warhead weighing 8 kg, placed in the central part of the rocket. According to some reports, to increase the destructive ability, the warhead rods are made of depleted uranium. The undermining of the warhead is made using two types of fuses. For this, a non-contact radar system or an optical laser fuse can be used. Some sources mention that a laser fuse missile is referred to as RVV-MDL. The rocket with a laser fuse can be distinguished by the characteristic windows on the side surface of the second compartment, through which the distance to the target is measured.

In the tail of the rocket is a single-mode solid fuel engine, equipped with additional gas-dynamic steering wheels.

New missile RVV-MD can be used to attack targets in the front and rear hemisphere of the carrier. The maximum flight range depends on a number of parameters, primarily the relative position of the target and the rocket. Thus, a successful launch of a missile at a target on a collision course is ensured at distances around 300 m. When fired at the same time, a missile can hit the target at a distance of up to 40 km. Shooting into the rear hemisphere of the carrier also leads to a reduction in the maximum range of flight: due to the need to turn towards the target, the range of the rocket decreases to 12 km.

The guided missile RVV-MD is capable of hitting targets at altitudes from 20 m to 20 km. It is possible to attack targets flying at speeds up to 2500 m / s. The defeat of aircraft performing a maneuver with an overload of up to 12 units is also provided. The probability of hitting a target with one missile exceeds 0,6.

The RVV-MD product, like its predecessors, can be used by various types of aircraft. Carrier of this weapons There may be various fighters, attack aircraft and combat helicopters of domestic development. For suspension and use of this type of rocket, the aircraft must be equipped with a P-72-1D or P-72-1BDXNNXX rail launcher. Thus, the carrier of the RVV-MD rocket can be all tactical aircraft and helicopters of certain types available in the Russian Air Force. Launchers of these types are used for suspension and transportation of the rocket, power supply during the flight and emergency reset.

Taking into account the possibility of the appearance of foreign orders in the Vympel GosMCB, a special technology was developed that allows the use of RVV-MD missiles on foreign-made aircraft. Details of this adaptation are unknown. Probably, it concerns the revision of suspension systems and connectors that provide interaction between the rocket and the onboard equipment of the carrier. According to reports, missiles of the P-73 family are already used in the armament of some foreign aircraft.


Air-to-air missiles developed by KTRV at the MAKS-2015 exhibition. RVV-MD in the foreground, RVV-BD and RVV-SD behind it Photo by Saidpvo.livejournal.com


At the end of 2012, domestic media reported the start of testing of a new RVV-MD rocket. It was claimed that the KTRV specialists began to check the various systems of the new product and in the next few months should complete all the necessary work. In addition, it was reported that with the successful completion of the tests, the new rocket will go into series until the end of 2013. Nevertheless, as it became known later, the timing of the start of mass production of promising missiles changed markedly.

For several years, full information on the progress of the RVV-MD project has not been received. Only at the end of August 2015, the leadership of the Corporation Tactical Missile Weapons reported on the current state of affairs. The head of KTRV, Boris Obnosov, at the MAKS-2015 exhibition, said that by the end of this year, the corporation intends to start mass production of two new short-range and long-range aircraft missiles. Apparently, in the case of a short-range missile, it was specifically RVV-MD that could have gone into a series back in the 2013 year. Apparently, for some unnamed reasons, the work under the new project was delayed, and the timing of the start of production was adjusted.

The exact dates for the start of production and supply of mass-produced missiles, as well as order volumes and the cost of products, were not published for obvious reasons. So far, only the approximate time of the release of the first batch of serial missiles is known. The remaining features of production and supply remain classified. However, without this information the latest news look very optimistic. After several years of waiting, the Russian Air Force will receive new short-range air-to-air missiles, which, as follows from public information, will be able to significantly increase the potential of aircraft in close combat.


On the materials of the sites:
http://ktrv.ru/
http://bastion-karpenko.narod.ru/
http://arms-expo.ru/
http://izvestia.ru/
http://bmpd.livejournal.com/
http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-104.html
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14 comments
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  1. +1
    22 September 2015 08: 43
    Respect to the author. Kirill, as always, you gave out good material. Everything is informative and informative. I’ll add from myself. RVV MD as well as RVV DB are exactly those missiles that our VVS urgently need. Mig-31 carries obsolete long-range missiles , similar to the American Phoenix. Therefore, the sooner these missiles enter the army the better. A couple of years ago they still promised, but ... things are still there
    1. The comment was deleted.
    2. +2
      22 September 2015 09: 35
      Quote: Magic Archer
      I'd add

      Quote: Magic Archer
      The MiG-31 carries obsolete long-range missiles similar to the American Phoenix. Therefore, the sooner these missiles enter the army the better. A couple of years ago they still promised, but ... things are still there

      Long-range missiles ("out of sight," as the Americans put it) have rather limited applications. Against CD, for example, which fly without much maneuvering and without exposing interference. In a fighter versus fighter battle, there is a high probability that the missile's seeker simply will not capture the target after the loss of the onboard radar tracking of the aircraft that launched it. Those. RVV-BD is accompanied by an on-board radar at a distance of 100 km, then the ARLGSN must independently capture the target going to the point that is calculated along the target's trajectory. But the target may not be there, the target may turn on interference preventing the target from being captured (the capabilities of a small radar are quite limited), the target is made using stealth technology and is simply invisible to the missile's radar ...
      1. 0
        22 September 2015 10: 01
        I agree wassat but not in everything. Ideally, the same 31s interact with AWACS planes. We were the first to voice this tactic back in the 80s, but the Americans brought it to their senses. The same Raptor enters Russian territory without using its own radar and is guided by AWACS .Likewise, the use of long-range missiles. I saw and "removed" from my territory. Old missiles did not allow much, so all the hopes for a new RVV-BD remain hi
        1. The comment was deleted.
        2. +1
          22 September 2015 11: 59
          Quote: Magic Archer
          Ideally, the same 31s interact with AWACS aircraft. We were the first to voice this tactic back in the 80s

          In our case, the A-50 gave target designation to the MiG-31 group, it did not provide guidance, these are different things. Those. roughly speaking, "poked his nose" showing who, where and in what direction.
          Raptor + Sentry is a little different. There, the Link-16 data transmission system connects not only plane-plane, but plane-plane-rocket and it doesn’t matter which plane, the one who launched it or the one who watched ...

          In theory, the best solution would be to create a RVV database with a multi-band GOS, such as an ARL GOS + IR GOS.
          1. +1
            22 September 2015 13: 37
            If, according to this principle, all the elements of the battle are connected, then the carrier, in principle, does not need to carry a pile of equipment for detection and guidance.
            So it is possible to give a new life to Mig-21 as a maneuverable missile carrier.
            Again, it is possible to formulate a fundamentally different combat, information space not only with regard to aviation but also to the ground forces.
          2. +9
            22 September 2015 14: 22
            Quote: Mera Joota
            Link-16 links not only plane-plane, but plane-plane-rocket

            1.Link-16 is not used to transmit carrier rocket data
            rocket no TADIL terminal
            - AN / APG-65 radar (73, 77, etc.) does not work in the radio frequency range 960-1,215 MHz (Link-16 / MIL-STD-6016) This frequency range is limited by the exchange of information. for users within line of sight of each other.

            AN / APG-65 (73) Frequency Range: I band (8 to 12 GHz)
            AN / APG-77 X band(8 - 12 GHz)
            For this, the corresponding correction commands are transmitted. through the side lobes of the radar antenna carrier aircraft with the frequency of scanning the antenna radiation pattern. These commands are received on board the receiver by the command line receiver.

            command line receiver located in the nozzle block ...
            2. On board the carrier, the download goes according to the MIL-STD-1553 standard / data transfer to the rocket and back HZ - ??? I don’t know the standard, but it seems (by infe) this is a radio frequency emulation of the MIL-STD-1553 standard. Clearly, this is a Half-duplex with ECM, JEM, MLC, AR amplitude modulation.
            called (in the literature) the AMRAAM Link standard.
            The missile and carrier (radar) must have a fully functional interface synchronized in time and radio frequency, data should be transmitted in close to real time mode.
            Quote: Mera Joota
            In theory, the best solution would be to create a RVV database with a multi-band GOS, such as an ARL GOS + IR GOS.

            How to fit them there?

            Radar seeker under radiolucent fairing (length 530 mm, diameter at the base 178 mm).
            The larger the diameter, the more sensitive.
            For infrared seeker, well, at least 70mm (with lens) is required, right in the center of the fairing, estimate how much area of ​​the antenna will disappear in the lowest place?
      2. +2
        22 September 2015 13: 12
        Quote: Mera Joota
        that the GOS missile simply does not capture the target after losing support for the onboard radar of the aircraft that launched it. Those. RVV-DB is accompanied by radar at a distance of 100 km., Then ARLGSN must independently capture the target going to the point that is calculated along the trajectory of the target

        In the case of launching beyond the visual visibility of the target, the vehicle’s onboard equipment calculates the target’s trajectory and calculates the meeting point of the missile with the target. Before starting the inertial navigation system of the rocket, the coordinates of the target are transmitted from the carrier.

        1 .. After the rocket is launched, the target trajectory data is recorded in the on-board equipment of the carrier aircraft. If the target does not maneuver, then transmission of correction commands from the carrier does not occur.
        2. Guidance in the initial section is carried out only using your own IDC and then starts to work active seeker V-V rockets.

        3. In case fIf the target maneuvers, the on-board equipment calculates the target trajectory and the adjusted target coordinates are transmitted to the missile. Correction commands are transmitted through the side lobes of the antenna pattern of the carrier aircraft with the frequency of its scanning.

        These commands are received by the missile using the on-board receiver of the communication line.
        Carrier BA tracks for each rocket time remaining until the target is captured by an active seeker. This allows you to timely disable the transmission of correction commands. Telemetry information about the modes of operation of the rocket systems can be received from the rocket to the carrier, including homing signal

        This is how RVV-BD "works", according to the concept of "let it go and forget it"

        ---------------------------------------
        Quote: Mera Joota
        Those. RVV-DB is accompanied by radar at a distance of 100 km

        You are writing about the combined guidance system for AIM-54A Phoenix with semi-active radar pulse-doppler systemoperating on the reflected from the target signals of the aircraft radar in the initial and middle sections of the trajectory, and an active radar pulse-Doppler homing system, which is included in the work when the missile is removed from the target at a distance of about 16 km.
    3. +1
      22 September 2015 12: 46
      gas-dynamic rudders are for high-altitude maneuvers, as I understand it, and the fact that when firing backward, the rocket uses more than 70% of its course, this is strange, probably some mistake ...
      1. +1
        22 September 2015 14: 54
        Quote: War and Peace
        gas-dynamic rudders are for high-altitude maneuvers, as I understand it, but when shooting backwards,

        In the terms of reference for the creation super maneuverable rocket - with the possibility of reaching angles of attack of about 40 degrees - it was proposed to use gas-dynamic control anddue to the inefficiency of conventional rudders. Initial rocket design did not provide for aerodynamic controls - only gas-dynamic


        loss of thrust 5% on the spoilers (where the steering wheels), they want to reduce to 3% (option rotary nozzle).
        Target flight altitude 20m-20000m, target elevation from carrier maximum 12000m, what "high-altitude maneuvers"
        Quote: War and Peace
        rocket uses over 70%


        True, using the kinetics of the carrier and its own (arc turn on 180GR)




    4. +1
      22 September 2015 13: 07
      Quote: Magic Archer
      They promised a couple of years ago, but ... things are still there


      GSN Kiev Arsenalnye, so I had to invent something on the go, and therefore the delay

      Ukraine has blocked Russia "air-to-air"
      Cessation of homing supplies threatens the export of Russian combat aircraft

      http://www.gazeta.ru/politics/2015/02/20_a_6420965.shtml
      ...
    5. The comment was deleted.
  2. +3
    22 September 2015 09: 24
    To improve combat qualities and ensure resistance to countermeasures, a dual-band GOS is used

    So they wrote a long time ago that on the RVV MD there are three band GOS, IR + UV + visible spectrum ...

    PS: Many apologists for close air combat somehow forget that the range of missiles in "close combat" has long exceeded the distance of 20 km, which was previously considered an average distance, and the so-called "dog dumps" pass at distances of less than a kilometer. Therefore, the BVB is simply unrealistic because modern V-V missiles are practically insensitive to interference (the IR radiation of the fired trap is ignored because the seeker continues to guide the target to UV reflection and to the visible contour, the same with the UV lamp, also modern IR seeker is not sensitive to laser beam irradiation ) and it is almost impossible to avoid meeting her. So before the BVB, where the pilot could realize the maneuverability of his car, is a thing of the past ...
  3. +2
    22 September 2015 10: 52
    "Thus, effective launch of a missile on a target on a collision course is provided at ranges of about 300 m. When firing in pursuit, the missile is capable of hitting a target at a distance of up to 40 km. Shooting into the rear hemisphere of the carrier also leads to a reduction in the maximum flight range: towards the target, the missile's range is reduced to 12 km. "
    Explain to the former navigator of the guidance in the air defense and the officer of the combat command in the Air Force (22 of the year behind the screen) the launch range, which is somehow contradictory in my opinion.
    1. +2
      22 September 2015 11: 41
      Also drew attention to this blunder. Or after (in the rear hemisphere) - then where does the U-turn. Or in the front hemisphere - but at what range will there be a defeat if the missile needs a U-turn (to enter the rear hemisphere, as I understand it)? Or is this missile capable of hitting a target, like medium-range missiles, from the front hemisphere? Then, on the contrary, the launch range should increase - taking into account rapprochement with the target.
    2. +2
      22 September 2015 14: 45
      Quote: Mstislav
      Explain to the former navigator of the guidance in the air defense and the officer of the combat command in the Air Force (22 of the year behind the screen) the launch range, which is somehow contradictory in my opinion.

      300m- minimum range start on the oncoming lane.
      At a rapprochement speed at a distance of LESS THAN 300m, the comas coming from the IR-GOS will only reach the actuator.
      Target speed 700 km / h = 194,4 m / s
      (The target interception speed is maximum - 2500 km / h = 694 m / s (but this data is not at the oncoming launch)
      Carrier Speed ​​-900km / h = 250m / s

      Approaching speed, WITHOUT taking into account the speed of the rocket itself, is almost 450 m / s for the 300m distance.
      consider.
      This is all in the launch range table (without taking into account the limitations of the GOS) of missiles with Su-27 (and others), for different heights (10000, 5000, 1000) and angles (PPS 0 / 4 1 / 4 2 / 4 3 / 4, sideways 4 / 4, ZPS 0 / 4 1 / 4 2 / 4 3 / 4).
      well or (with us, with them):





      Quote: Mstislav
      the missile's range to the target is reduced to 12 km. "

      everything is true 40km to catch-up (there is no more fuel component), 12 km to the rear hemisphere of the carrier (RVV turn from the carrier velocity vector to 180гр)

      Range in the rear hemisphere of the carrier - 12 km
      The maximum excess of the target - 12000 m (be sure to consider)
      Maximum target speed - 2500 km / h
      Maximum target overload - 12 G
      The probability of hitting a target with one missile - 60%
      Maximum operational overload - 40 G
  4. +1
    22 September 2015 13: 17
    It would be useful to provide a modern scale for the classification of ranges. Not long ago there was a time when the 40 km range was considered large. What are the requirements for "long-range" and "close-range" missiles today, is there an "intermediate range"? This is an important question because effective long-range missiles can devalue the maneuverability advantage.
    1. 0
      22 September 2015 15: 13
      Quote: iouris
      It would be useful to provide a modern range classification scale.

      In accordance with the classification adopted by the NATO bloc countries, air-to-air missiles are subdivided into missiles of large (over 100 km), medium (up to 75 km) and short (up to 20 km) ranges.
      The same is with us

      Typical representatives of short-range SDs are the American Sidewinder AIM-9 missiles and the French Majik missiles
      AIM-132 ASRAAM (Advanced Short Range Air to Air Missile)
      Maximum range in the front hemisphere - 15 km

      P-73M / RVV-MD or K-74ME (which appears in 2016) maximum starting range = 20km.

      But there is but (3) or rather, which allows us to talk about 40km:
      - low speed target (700km / h)
      -the goal is right on the course, does not maneuver, does not interfere
      -carrier above the target (no need to overcome gravity) and at maximum launch height (20000м)
      = get 40km, enough for a brochure
      1. +1
        22 September 2015 17: 15
        OPUS write everything clearly, thanks for the comments - clarifications. hi
  5. +1
    22 September 2015 13: 25
    It is curious that the RVV-MD homing head remained dual-band, while the rocket of the new Russian MANPADS "Verba" already has a three-band one - for more reliable overcoming of the means of protection. I suppose that in the near future, an upgraded version of this missile may appear, the homing head of which will also work in three ranges.
  6. 0
    22 September 2015 13: 40
    Quote: Horly
    Also drew attention to this blunder. Or after (in the rear hemisphere) - then where does the U-turn. Or in the front hemisphere - but at what range will there be a defeat if the missile needs a U-turn (to enter the rear hemisphere, as I understand it)? Or is this missile capable of hitting a target, like medium-range missiles, from the front hemisphere? Then, on the contrary, the launch range should increase - taking into account rapprochement with the target.

    Regarding the turn, I mean launching a rocket in the opposite direction, i.e. back - in NATO reference books somewhere in the 90s it was reported that the R-73 missiles are capable of this. Why we were silent about this is a mystery. And the reduction of the effective range of fire in the opposite direction for missiles with thermal homing is quite "traditional", especially if the target is a jet fighter: the thermal radiation of the engine nozzle, which is located behind.
    1. +1
      22 September 2015 14: 01
      And how can a pilot launch a rocket with 300m in oncoming courses even at subsonic speeds? According to Malinin-Burenin (an arithmetic textbook for elementary school 50 years ago), this is less than half a second.
      1. +2
        22 September 2015 15: 05
        Quote: Kubyanka
        And how a pilot can launch a rocket with 300m

        the pilot makes a decision and presses the button of course when the distance is greater than 300m (visualization, target selection, capture)
        Just when a signal comes to start the automation (according to the data in the start table) either blocks the start (range less than 300m-pointless), or allows (range still 300m)
        In principle, everything
  7. 0
    22 September 2015 18: 57
    RVV-DB darling bucket, how you got me.
  8. +1
    22 September 2015 19: 27
    OPUS write everything clearly, thanks for the clarification. I then did not find the 4th generation. I remember that the MiG-25p had a maximum D launch of the R-40 at a high altitude in the teaching staff of 30 km, so I doubted about the RVV MD.
  9. The comment was deleted.
  10. 0
    20 November 2015 19: 38
    this rocket lit up in Syria today

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