And on this bright holiday, I don’t want to think about the many problems of the educational sphere, if only because September 1 is not only the official Knowledge Day, but also the main holiday of hope for the future. - A holiday with the hope that education will not leave the list of strategic directions of activity of state institutions.
Немного stories... Why is the beginning of the school year in Russia celebrated exactly on the first September day? The reason for this is the historical roots of Russia, which should be sought, including in the Byzantine Empire. In Byzantium, there was a tradition to celebrate the holiday of the beginning of the new year in September - after the harvest and the completion of the main phase of the field work. At the end of the 15th century, the Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan III Vasilyevich took over this tradition among the Byzantines, who in 1472 was engaged and was married (after the death of the first wife) with the Greek (Byzantine) princess Sofia Paleolog. As is known, there was no talk about any secular schools at that time. Education in Russia of the 15th century was within the boundaries of church enlightenment, and classes in theology from church schools, which were also few, began together with the beginning of the new year — namely, the first of September.
If this fact, which is indicated by the majority of modern historians, is taken as a basis, then it turns out that the traditions of celebrating the beginning of the school year on the first autumn day in Russia are more than 540 years old. However, it should be noted that during this long period, not all educational institutions in the country began the new academic year, namely 1 September. For various reasons, in certain historical periods (for example, under Peter I), educational institutions could open their doors in August or December. The shift in the day when classes began was often dependent on the climatic conditions of the region.
Officially, 1 September was the day of knowledge in the USSR 31 a year ago. October 1 1980 in the Soviet Union is adopted by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On holidays and memorable days", which (decree) is supplemented by paragraph 1 September as the day of knowledge in 1984 year.
It is interesting that over the years, despite numerous changes not only in the educational sphere, but also in terms of the existence of the state itself, none of those in power had a hand on the tradition of celebrating the knowledge day of September 1, “did not rise”. However, in the current year such a person was still found ... They became the assistant to the President of Russia Igor Levitin, who said that the beginning of the school year in connection with the “favorable weather for tourism” could be postponed. At the same time, Levitin appealed to the authorities of the Voronezh Region, which he, as it were, proposed to make the test of transferring the knowledge day to a later date as a “pilot” region.
Igor Levitin, who talked about the transfer about a month ago, quoted RIA News:
We want to bring such a question to the State Council ... From 25 August to 1 September, the whole country is sitting at airports. When I was at the previous position (Minister of Transport - approx. “VO”), I was all the time asking: why it is impossible to make a “floating” beginning of the school year? Why do you need to go to school with 1 in September?
Next - Levitin's appeal to the Voronezh authorities:
Who in your Voronezh region can make a decision - from September 15 academic year? Generally regulated by someone or not? Here we are September 1 from the Crimea and Sochi are all flying away, and - goodbye, until next May ... And the season is what it is. Spain, Italy, France - all made a rolling schedule due to tourism.
Representatives of the Voronezh authorities initially responded to Levitin by saying that "theoretically" it was possible to postpone the beginning of the school year in schools on September 15. However, later in the federal center, the assistant to the president of the country was offered “not to touch the day of knowledge,” explaining that the time of tourism, including in Russia, is not limited to only one summer period, and in pursuit of profits from the tourism sector, it’s impossible to “cut off »By established traditions. And while 1 September as a day of knowledge did not touch ...
Significant new (2015-2016) academic year is not only a record number of first-graders in all recent years, but also the fact that the Ministry of Education will hold the final stage of a large-scale verification of textbooks and teaching aids (including electronic ones) that go to educational organizations. The first phase of this work was launched in May 2015. In total, more than 1,5 thousands of textbooks for general education schools will be tested by the end of this year. Leading experts from the Russian Academy of Education, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow State University, St. Petersburg State University and others are involved in checking what the authors of modern textbooks write. The Russian Academy of Education mentioned above has a public discussion of approximate basic educational programs, according to which teachers will teach children in various steps of education.
According to the tradition of all the recent years, 1 of September in various general education schools conducted lessons of the world, aimed at the formation of citizenship and patriotism among the younger generation. The main theme of the world lesson in 2015 is associated with the 70 anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.
In most military schools of the Russian Federation, cadets on the eve (or a few days before September 1) took the oath. So, the solemn ceremony of taking the oath by cadets-first-year students of the Military Academy of the East Kazakhstan region to them. Marshal of the Soviet Union GK Zhukov in Tver took place on Victory Square in the presence of Governor Andrei Shevelyov and Head of the Academy of the East Kazakhstan region Major General Vladimir Lyaporov.
Last Saturday, the oath was taken by cadets of the 1 course of the Black Sea Higher Naval School. P.S. Nakhimov in the square near the monument to the glorified admiral in the hero-city of Sevastopol.
Happy holiday! Happy Knowledge Day, schoolchildren, students, cadets, teachers!