Director General of JSC "ICS them. Reshetnyova "spoke about the impact of sanctions on the production of spacecraft
Over the past few months, import substitution has been one of the main topics. Due to the deterioration of the international situation, Russian enterprises are losing the opportunity to purchase foreign components, which is why they have to master the production of their own analogues. An import substitution program exists and is being implemented, which, it is said, has already led to some results. However, in a number of areas, the situation leaves much to be desired.
9 June, RBC news agency published an interview with the Director General of Information Satellite Systems JSC. Academician M.F. Reshetnev Nikolai Testoedov. The general director of the company spoke about some features of the work, the current state of affairs and prospects. At the same time, in the spirit of the times, the interview began with the question of sanctions by foreign countries. As it turned out, the deterioration of the situation in the international arena can seriously hit some sectors of the domestic industry due to a rather large dependence on foreign partners.
According to N. Testoedov, in terms of sanctions, the greatest risks are observed in the supply of foreign element base, namely, electronic components of the highest quality, the level of space-military. Such components are calculated for operation in difficult conditions, primarily in open space. Such products, regardless of the similarity with the "normal", can be hundreds of times more expensive than it. By production of these accessories special materials and technologies are used, and the finished goods pass special special tests. Unfortunately, now Russia has lost access to most of the names of such products, since they are manufactured in the United States.
In the shop of JSC "ISS them. Reshetnev." Photo Iss-reshetnev.ru
The Director General of Information Satellite Systems (“ISS”) notes the highest dependence of its production on imports. N. Testoedov said that from 25 to 75 the percentage of components used in the manufacture of spacecraft is supplied by foreign partners. The exact share of the import element base depends on the destination of the satellites. So, in commercial devices the number of domestic components is noticeably less than in the military.
The main foreign suppliers that collaborated with ISS were companies from the United States. They account for up to 83-87% of all imports. The reason for this leadership of American components N. Testoedov called their high quality and the desire of “ISS” to receive only the best products of foreign manufacture.
In connection with foreign sanctions, the domestic industry was left without some necessary products of foreign production. Commenting on this situation, the Director General of Information Satellite Systems noted that from the point of view of risk exposure, existing projects can be divided into three categories. The first, which does not risk anything, includes spacecraft and launch vehicles, which are already fully equipped with all the necessary products. Also in relative safety, satellites that will be launched after 2019 of the year. They are initially developed taking into account the waiver of components subject to sanctions.
The third category of spacecraft, satellites, which are planned to be built in 2016-17, is currently in the most difficult situation. Among these products are GLONASS satellites, as well as some vehicles ordered by various government departments.
N. Testoedov believes that there are many ways to avoid restrictions and prohibit imports. At the same time, he notes that it is necessary to remember the difference between import substitution and import independence. Director General of "ICS them. Reshetnev ”regularly reminds his colleagues that import substitution implies the replacement of foreign components with Russian ones, while the development of projects based on domestic or affordable imported products should be called import-independent.
The general director of "ISS" notes that domestic enterprises now depend not only on the supplied devices. There is some dependence on the mathematics embedded in them. In addition, there are some specific problems associated with the software used. N. Testoedov reminds that foreign design software contains not only a set of design tools, but also a base of modern components. Thus, the program literally suggests what elements should be collected from the new product.
Such an approach to creating projects is convenient and not critical, but only as long as there is free access to the entire element base. It was with this that Russian designers had to face in connection with the latest foreign sanctions. However, the domestic industry has taken some measures. After the introduction of sanctions, an analysis of the situation with databases and the availability of components was carried out. It turned out that some of the products recommended by the design software may well be replaced by another similar product. Thus, it was possible to replace about a third of the necessary components. In addition, part of the required products was unified. As a result, the list of necessary products was reduced several times. Now it contains about a thousand positions.
However, the search for alternatives is associated with some problems. N. Testoedov notes that the replacement of components by analogs, according to various estimates, will lead to an increase in the size and weight of finished products by about 30%. Despite this, the functionality and parameters of the spacecraft will be maintained at the required level. In such a situation, there is little good, but so far it is possible to meet all the requirements of customers.
The general director of ISS is forced to admit that there are serious problems in the industry. Due to difficulties with the supply of components, the deadlines for the implementation of some orders may noticeably move. Some projects will be completed approximately two years later than originally planned. All this is due to objective reasons. Due to the sanctions, domestic specialists now need to purchase alternative components, develop and assemble devices based on them, and then test them. All this will take some time.
From the words of N. Testoedov, it follows that such problems in general are not a novelty for domestic specialists. The fact is that the development and production of spacecraft, even without sanctions, is a long and complicated matter. The production of a serial satellite now takes 3-4, depending on the complexity of the work. The development of a new project can take up to 15 years. In this case, the element base changes every 5-7 years. In practice, this means that by the end of the project development, it is necessary to change some components to more modern products. Thus, a kind of current import substitution is always present in the industry. The current sanctions only strengthened this process several times.
As you can see, the domestic industry is taking all necessary actions to preserve the production of the necessary products with the refusal and replacement of components that fell under the sanctions. Unfortunately, the current import substitution may be associated with certain difficulties. Thus, in the context of the production of spacecraft by the Information Satellite Systems company, such projects are faced with an increase in the size and weight of the finished products, as well as a shift in deadlines.
Nevertheless, as follows from the words of the Director General of ISS, the main problems are now connected with the projects of satellites that will be built in the next few years. The development of these projects is already well underway, but now it is faced with the absence of a number of important components. As a result, most of the documentation will now have to be redone to reflect the new conditions. The result of this will be a noticeable time shift to the right.
In connection with the deterioration of the international situation and sanctions against Russia, an import substitution program was developed. Over the next few years it is planned to master the production of several thousand items of various products that are needed by the defense industry and other industries. How successful this program will be - time will tell. While there is reason for both optimism and concern.
Based on:
http://daily.rbc.ru/interview/business/09/06/2015/557714ec9a79477dcaf85684
9 June, RBC news agency published an interview with the Director General of Information Satellite Systems JSC. Academician M.F. Reshetnev Nikolai Testoedov. The general director of the company spoke about some features of the work, the current state of affairs and prospects. At the same time, in the spirit of the times, the interview began with the question of sanctions by foreign countries. As it turned out, the deterioration of the situation in the international arena can seriously hit some sectors of the domestic industry due to a rather large dependence on foreign partners.
According to N. Testoedov, in terms of sanctions, the greatest risks are observed in the supply of foreign element base, namely, electronic components of the highest quality, the level of space-military. Such components are calculated for operation in difficult conditions, primarily in open space. Such products, regardless of the similarity with the "normal", can be hundreds of times more expensive than it. By production of these accessories special materials and technologies are used, and the finished goods pass special special tests. Unfortunately, now Russia has lost access to most of the names of such products, since they are manufactured in the United States.
In the shop of JSC "ISS them. Reshetnev." Photo Iss-reshetnev.ru
The Director General of Information Satellite Systems (“ISS”) notes the highest dependence of its production on imports. N. Testoedov said that from 25 to 75 the percentage of components used in the manufacture of spacecraft is supplied by foreign partners. The exact share of the import element base depends on the destination of the satellites. So, in commercial devices the number of domestic components is noticeably less than in the military.
The main foreign suppliers that collaborated with ISS were companies from the United States. They account for up to 83-87% of all imports. The reason for this leadership of American components N. Testoedov called their high quality and the desire of “ISS” to receive only the best products of foreign manufacture.
In connection with foreign sanctions, the domestic industry was left without some necessary products of foreign production. Commenting on this situation, the Director General of Information Satellite Systems noted that from the point of view of risk exposure, existing projects can be divided into three categories. The first, which does not risk anything, includes spacecraft and launch vehicles, which are already fully equipped with all the necessary products. Also in relative safety, satellites that will be launched after 2019 of the year. They are initially developed taking into account the waiver of components subject to sanctions.
The third category of spacecraft, satellites, which are planned to be built in 2016-17, is currently in the most difficult situation. Among these products are GLONASS satellites, as well as some vehicles ordered by various government departments.
N. Testoedov believes that there are many ways to avoid restrictions and prohibit imports. At the same time, he notes that it is necessary to remember the difference between import substitution and import independence. Director General of "ICS them. Reshetnev ”regularly reminds his colleagues that import substitution implies the replacement of foreign components with Russian ones, while the development of projects based on domestic or affordable imported products should be called import-independent.
The general director of "ISS" notes that domestic enterprises now depend not only on the supplied devices. There is some dependence on the mathematics embedded in them. In addition, there are some specific problems associated with the software used. N. Testoedov reminds that foreign design software contains not only a set of design tools, but also a base of modern components. Thus, the program literally suggests what elements should be collected from the new product.
Such an approach to creating projects is convenient and not critical, but only as long as there is free access to the entire element base. It was with this that Russian designers had to face in connection with the latest foreign sanctions. However, the domestic industry has taken some measures. After the introduction of sanctions, an analysis of the situation with databases and the availability of components was carried out. It turned out that some of the products recommended by the design software may well be replaced by another similar product. Thus, it was possible to replace about a third of the necessary components. In addition, part of the required products was unified. As a result, the list of necessary products was reduced several times. Now it contains about a thousand positions.
However, the search for alternatives is associated with some problems. N. Testoedov notes that the replacement of components by analogs, according to various estimates, will lead to an increase in the size and weight of finished products by about 30%. Despite this, the functionality and parameters of the spacecraft will be maintained at the required level. In such a situation, there is little good, but so far it is possible to meet all the requirements of customers.
The general director of ISS is forced to admit that there are serious problems in the industry. Due to difficulties with the supply of components, the deadlines for the implementation of some orders may noticeably move. Some projects will be completed approximately two years later than originally planned. All this is due to objective reasons. Due to the sanctions, domestic specialists now need to purchase alternative components, develop and assemble devices based on them, and then test them. All this will take some time.
From the words of N. Testoedov, it follows that such problems in general are not a novelty for domestic specialists. The fact is that the development and production of spacecraft, even without sanctions, is a long and complicated matter. The production of a serial satellite now takes 3-4, depending on the complexity of the work. The development of a new project can take up to 15 years. In this case, the element base changes every 5-7 years. In practice, this means that by the end of the project development, it is necessary to change some components to more modern products. Thus, a kind of current import substitution is always present in the industry. The current sanctions only strengthened this process several times.
As you can see, the domestic industry is taking all necessary actions to preserve the production of the necessary products with the refusal and replacement of components that fell under the sanctions. Unfortunately, the current import substitution may be associated with certain difficulties. Thus, in the context of the production of spacecraft by the Information Satellite Systems company, such projects are faced with an increase in the size and weight of the finished products, as well as a shift in deadlines.
Nevertheless, as follows from the words of the Director General of ISS, the main problems are now connected with the projects of satellites that will be built in the next few years. The development of these projects is already well underway, but now it is faced with the absence of a number of important components. As a result, most of the documentation will now have to be redone to reflect the new conditions. The result of this will be a noticeable time shift to the right.
In connection with the deterioration of the international situation and sanctions against Russia, an import substitution program was developed. Over the next few years it is planned to master the production of several thousand items of various products that are needed by the defense industry and other industries. How successful this program will be - time will tell. While there is reason for both optimism and concern.
Based on:
http://daily.rbc.ru/interview/business/09/06/2015/557714ec9a79477dcaf85684
Information