Sergey Chemezov: We got the opportunity to create all our
Sergey Chemezov told about the plans of Rostec
Rostec's general director, Sergey Chemezov, believes that for the economy, new conditions may be a chance to develop those sectors that have lagged behind so far, and companies that have left Russia now will remain in the negative: it will be very difficult for them to return to the market. In an interview with Vedomosti, Sergey Chemezov spoke about the State Corporation's immediate plans: to develop software, produce medical supplies, build thermal power plants in the Crimea, dispose of waste and much more.
- The idea of the disclosure of income by the leaders of state corporations. What do you think about it?
- I have long filed a declaration to the tax inspectorate and the presidential administration. Now it still began to publish on the site. Another thing is that in this practice there are security issues. When we published the declaration for the first time, one of my deputies was immediately robbed, his wife suffered.
- How did the sanctions change your life and work?
- Rostec did not fall under sanctions. The separate companies and personally I have got. If we talk about business, nothing has changed: all our partners come, we meet with them here. As for me, I stopped going to rest in Europe, to America, and before that I went only when necessary. Now with great pleasure I go to Baikal.
- That is, participate in the negotiations, the refusal to negotiate with you was not?
- Did not have. We have a lot of joint ventures (JVs) where I am the chairman or a member of the board of directors. For example, VSMPO-AVISMA, where I head the board of directors, has a JV with Boeing for seven years, the volume of cooperation is substantial and continues to increase. No problems arise with our joint venture with Renault-Nissan - Alliance Rostec Auto BV, where I am a member of the board of directors, we alternate with the president of Renault-Nissan Mr. Gon every year in the role of chairman of the board of directors. In KAMAZ, I am also the chairman of the board of directors - German Daimler is a strategic partner there, and fruitful cooperation continues with him. These are relationships that have lined up over the years, and it’s unprofitable for our foreign partners to lose ground in the Russian market and ruin a well-built business.
- Were there plans to create partnerships with Bombardier, Alcatel, Alstom Grid, etc. Did you have to make adjustments to any projects?
- There are a number of projects that have not been implemented. Only protocols of intent were signed, but the work did not go on. But this is more likely not because of the sanctions - they simply did not agree on money or conditions. Those joint ventures for which binding documents were signed are successfully functioning.
- And of those that were not created, on which you are ready to put a cross?
- We stopped negotiations with Bombardier, with whom we wanted to jointly produce aircraft in Russia. But stopped not for political reasons. Simply, the components (and we deliver them from abroad) are too expensive now because of the ruble exchange rate - and the cars will be uncompetitive in price compared to Russian aircraft. Despite the fact that we do not have such a class of modern aircraft, we stopped the negotiations. Although this does not mean that the issue with the production of such aircraft is exhausted.
- How does the joint venture work with the Austrian Daimond?
- It is fully working, already produces two-and four-court. Demand is good. Buy private individuals, as well as government agencies to train pilots, in particular the Ministry of Transport.
- When Rostec was created, it was expected that you would heal unprofitable companies and subsequently conduct their IPOs. None has ever happened. Why?
- In 2009, when we received the majority of enterprises, the corporation’s loss was 60 billion rubles, now the profit is 40 billion rubles. Revenue also increased 2 times: it was 510 billion rubles, became - 1,04 trillion rubles. So much work has been done - all of our holdings are now quite successful, although several years ago many of them were in a very poor condition. We could have spent the IPO of Russian Helicopters long ago. In 2011, we already had everything prepared, but then the economic decline began, and for obvious reasons, we stopped with accommodation. Now it makes no sense to hold an IPO, it is more profitable to find a strategic investor and sell part of the asset to it. We have long been in negotiations with the Italian AgustaWestland (part of the Finmeccanica holding), we have a successful joint venture with them. And if we united, we would become the largest helicopter manufacturer in the world. But while the negotiations are not completed and it is premature to talk about synergy.
- What package of Russian Helicopters are you ready to sell?
- We created a joint venture in Russia and produce helicopters here. We offered to exchange blocks of shares at 25%. But now they have a difficult situation, so it’s not yet possible to talk about clear parameters of the deal.
- What other companies can be a strategic partner for Russian Helicopters?
- European companies - Eurocopter, for example, and similar manufacturers. It may be interesting cooperation with the funds: we began to negotiate with the Arab funds, but they took a pause when the sanctions appeared.
- Here! Still, the sanctions affect!
- Of course, they have an effect - we could develop at a faster pace. But we did not stop, but slowed down. But they got the opportunity to create all their own - this is a key advantage!
“All Your Own” is Utopia.
- So what to do? We work in a situation that arose through no fault of ours. But we are actively creating something of our own, and there are already many examples where we do it at least as well and try to do it even better. And then, for companies that are now leaving our market, of course, it will be impossible to get back. Also, do not forget that the question of production within a country is a question of where value added remains. This is the key factor in the diversification of the economy.
- In general, the corporation had to adjust the development strategy due to the sanctions?
- Of course. We had to stop all contacts with partners in Ukraine. They did it themselves: an order was issued by the Ukrainian government prohibiting military-technical cooperation with Russia, which resulted in virtually the elimination of the defense industry in Ukraine, since within the framework of cooperation, supplies were also made from Russian enterprises. This did not create a big problem for us - we restored the production of equipment and components, which we purchased there.
- Including engines for helicopters?
- We have created our own engine - a more modern VK-2500, which is already starting to produce. And by the end of 2017 we will launch our enterprise in St. Petersburg at full capacity. It will produce VK-2500 engines for Mi and Ka helicopters, as well as new, more powerful TV7-117В engines for the latest Mi-38 helicopters. In terms of volumes, in 2015 we will produce 50 engines, in 2016 we will reach 150, and in 2017 - at least 350 engines, thus ensuring the total demand for our helicopter engines.
- Do you plan to file claims to the Ukrainian partners who have stopped supplying components?
- There is no one there to claim - there are no enterprises. Almost everything fell apart, people ran away. And the existing Ukrainian government is not capable of such civilized forms of dispute as the court. Therefore, it remains to accept and forgive.
- Difficulties with the acquisition of imported equipment appeared in many industries where Rostec operates: electronics, pharmaceuticals ...
- There is a problem. Therefore, now we are reorienting on the purchase of components in Southeast Asia - first of all it concerns the electronics industry.
- This has led to an increase in costs?
- No, it's even cheaper there. By the way, both American and European companies are purchasing components for their electronics industry in China, Korea, and Malaysia. The only problem is the dollar rate. Because of him, the price has increased. But we understand that it is impossible to do everything on 100% within the country, and no country does this - it will be unprofitable. Themselves need to produce something that is critical for industry and national security.
- Will the Rostec investment program increase in order to meet the requirements for import substitution?
- The investment program is increasing every year - we are modernizing, the majority of enterprises face the challenge of increasing production, we need to expand, buy new modern equipment, ensure quality.
- Sources of funding - this is the budget?
- First of all, these are own funds of enterprises, as well as federal target programs (FTP), when money is provided on co-financing terms: some part of own funds is spent, the rest is provided by the state. For example, on the ruble of public investment - the ruble of its own funds.
- The share of own funds in connection with the sanctions, the crisis will decrease? Revenues from enterprises are reduced?
- Receipts are not reduced. Export contracts are only increasing, the state defense order has not decreased - the volume has even become slightly larger. Therefore, our revenue is growing every year. In general, we maintain fruitful business relations with America, Europe and Asia. With General Electric, for example, we opened a joint venture after the imposition of sanctions.
- Is it true that last fall payments for Rosoboronexport contracts almost rose due to sanctions?
- Not true. There were isolated cases, but basically all countries ordering products paid off to us. Another thing is that now we are considering the possibility of payment not only in dollars or euros, but also in national currency - yuan, rupees.
- At what stage are the talks on switching to payment in national currency?
- On a number of contracts, negotiations are almost complete. Our banks are in China and India, so you can always convert to rubles. Some projects have already signed contracts in national currency: the prices are still fixed in dollars or euros, then the payment is then calculated at the exchange rate at the date of calculation.
- This year because of the crisis there are problems with the conclusion of contracts on state defense orders?
- On the contrary, this year we have concluded even more contracts than in the past. To date, about 70% of all contracts have already been concluded, and by the end of May we will conclude about 90% of the annual contract volume.
- As a result, you decide to buy out the share of the consortium in KAMAZ?
- Not yet. We now have more priorities and projects where resources need to be directed.
- This means that you leave the negotiations and they can sell to anyone?
- Yes. They are negotiating now.
- With whom?
- With Chinese partners, with German. As far as I know, the Germans did not agree on a price: the consortium wants expensive, the German partners cheap. And we at the moment still decided not to buy.
- Is it true that a new shareholder agreement is being prepared between the largest shareholders of KAMAZ?
- It is constantly changing due to technical issues, but there were no major amendments. The only thing that we changed was that we removed the restrictions on control: before, none of us had the right to a controlling stake, and we were going to buy out a share of our partners. Now this is not fundamental.
- Do you plan to leave KAMAZ at all?
- No, we are not going. The fact is that this is a strategic asset for the state - the largest manufacturer of trucks. Also there is a military production. Therefore, it is important for the state who will own this enterprise.
- How do you assess the effectiveness of measures taken by the KAMAZ management to deal with the crisis?
- I think that the general director of KAMAZ, Sergey Kogogin, is taking effective measures in the current difficult situation. I know him very well, he came to the company when it was actually bankrupt. Today it is one of the most successful enterprises in the country. Kogogin made important decisions to reduce costs, increased efficiency. We had to reduce the number of employees at KAMAZ, but now we have reached the optimal number: we have retained experienced specialists. The fact is that we really wanted to keep the professionals - the city is small, and if people leave, they leave the city, it is difficult to return them there later.
- In the spring of last year, you suggested liquidating Alliance Rostec Auto BV and switching to direct management of AVTOVAZ. This has not happened yet ...
- Before 2017, we have a shareholder agreement with our partners, and Renault-Nissan, which has a controlling stake, insists on leaving the joint venture in Holland. But this is not an operating company, so we don’t see any significant problems for Russia.
- Do you plan to reduce the share in AVTOVAZ?
- We do not plan, and the state will not allow it to us - a presence at least at the blocking level is necessary. The market, of course, fell in volumes, but the enterprise successfully operates: AvtoVAZ’s share of the passenger car market grew to 20%. When we appointed Bu Andersson as president of AvtoVAZ, he was given the task of achieving a share in the 20% of the market. Recently there was a board of directors on which he proudly announced that he overcame this trait.
- The truth is told that you invited Mr. Andersson to the post of president of AVTOVAZ?
- No, he was invited by the president of Renault-Nissan Gon. I personally did not know him, I only knew him in absentia because of his work at GAZ. When Ghos proposed his candidacy, I was the chairman of the board of directors and therefore contributed his candidacy. Everyone agreed and did not regret it - it works well.
- Will Rostec really build a CHP plant in Crimea?
- "Daughter" Rostec participated in the competition. There is no final decision yet, but I think that we will still win.
- In order to build a thermal power plant, Rostec will receive 25 billion rubles. in capital, then to transfer "daughter"? Or will the mechanism be different?
“I don't know that yet.” Maybe directly.
- For Rostec how will it be more convenient?
- For us, this is unprincipled, it is our 100% "daughter." If the state contributes funds directly, it receives a block of shares in return. This is the mechanism for the allocation of money under the federal program. Until last year, it was exactly this scheme: the money came directly to the enterprises, and in return, the state received stakes in these enterprises. Then the state contributed these stakes in Rostec's capital. Now we have agreed on a direct scheme: the money comes to us, and we transfer them to enterprises. Although the old federal program still operates the previous scheme.
- If your structure will build stations, will it own them and, accordingly, will you have to deal with electric power?
- As an option, Rostec can transfer them to the state, as we have already done with high-tech medical centers. They were built on the money that we received in the form of a property contribution, after which they were transferred to the state. The mechanism has not yet been discussed regarding the Crimean CHP. I believe that for some time we will manage and bring them to design capacity. Probably, except for budget 25 billion rubles. the station will require additional credit money, and they will need to be given away. And this is only possible through exploitation.
- And then you can sell them?
- Do not sell - pass. They will be built for state money.
- How will Rostec and Rosseti joint ventures be financed?
- It will be the operator who organizes the auction among all manufacturers. Why are we participating in this project? Because we want the equipment for our energy companies to be made by domestic producers. We would like to download and our businesses that are able to produce the necessary products.
- In fact, it will be an intermediary who will distribute orders ...
- Organize the bidding. Both we and Rosseti will participate here. At this stage, no one earns. Earn only those who receive orders.
- The one who organizes the tenders must also exist for something ...
- Standard commission for the organization of bidding - 0,01%.
“Why then is he needed at all?” What is the commercial meaning?
- There is no commercial sense. Meaning - to place orders at domestic enterprises. Until recently, 90% of equipment needed by power engineers was purchased abroad, and this is not about very complex technologies. We say: “Why, if we have one?” For example, if we make rockets, then why can't we make elementary detail? The main thing is that the products be competitive in quality and price.
- Rostec was going to buy from Metalloinvest a stake in a project to develop the giant Udokan copper deposit from Metalloinvest by the end of the year. Also had to abandon the project?
- Not in this case. There is still not resolved the issue of credit and infrastructure: railway and energy. These issues should take the state, not the investor. We continue our work: we carried out geological studies, trial melting - everything is fine in terms of quality. Now we solve the issue with the infrastructure.
- When should the deal be closed?
- No deadlines yet. At first we counted on VEB, but they have cash problems. At this stage, we are considering investors among foreigners: we held talks with Arab and Chinese funds. But while concrete decisions are not accepted.
- And the Chinese Hopu, which was going to buy 10% also before the end of the year?
- While discussing. No decision has been made at the moment.
- It's a pity. Large-scale project.
- I agree, the project is good. Our subsidiary RT - Global Resources is implementing a project for the integrated development of the Sugodinsko-Ogodzhinskogo coal deposit in the Amur Region. Coal mining is planned to be carried out by the open method with processing at the concentration plant. Depending on the economic feasibility and interests of the project participants, a CHP plant can be built on board the quarry or coal chemical production can be created. The possibility of building a copper smelter that could take raw materials at Udokan and Erdenet (a copper deposit in Mongolia, which Rostec’s structure is developing) is also being considered, since it is impossible to build metallurgical production at Udokan itself - too expensive. The task of the project team is to maximize the degree of redistribution and optimize the project load. We are negotiating with Chinese partners who are willing to jointly invest in the development of a feasibility study. The project, in fact, is a greenfield and requires an integrated approach with the involvement of state support measures. Without the help and close attention of the state, the implementation of projects of such scale is not possible. Given the significant budgetary and social impact of the project for the region and the country, state support seems highly appropriate.
- You said that by the end of the year, increase the share in MegaFon to 5%. Already bought something?
- No, not yet. When we negotiated, the market situation was different: credit funds were cheaper and more affordable. But this idea remains with us, we don’t refuse it, just moved back a little in time.
- Was the plan to buy from Alisher Usmanov's structures?
- Yes.
- You are now actively involved in the project of import substitution software. The idea was born in the depths of Rostec?
- Not really. She was born in the Ministry of Communications, we supported her - such a fund is needed. To pay 10% from the sale of licenses for foreign software to such a fund is correct. I bought a foreign software - the seller must transfer 10% to the fund. And from this fund it is possible to finance the creation of new Russian developments. In our country there are a lot of very talented development teams that need to create incentives in our large but extremely difficult market. It is impossible for them at the stage of formation to compete with transnational corporations. But this does not mean that in the medium, not to mention long-term, they will not be able to.
- It will increase the price for the end user ...
- The state should take money somewhere to develop the industry. Why not fund? What's the difference?
- Big!
- If you do not make such a structure, the state will seek funds - either to cut social programs or raise taxes. And either the consumer pays for 10% more, or the seller will earn 10% less.
- I have not seen a single seller who would be willing to earn less.
- You may need to distribute 50 to 50%. Now 95% software is import. This is a painful topic. We need to create our own. And what funds to create? There is no money in the budget. Must be a commercial source of funding.
- What divisions of Rostec will participate in this program?
- We have RT-Inform and the National Center for Informatization (NCI). They can theoretically do it. The program will extend to critical technologies. But, of course, this fund is created primarily to support all Russian developers.
- That is, they will be able to come with their projects, say: “Comrades, we can develop a superprogram” ...
- Yes, and if the project is worthwhile, the answer will be "Here are the means - do it."
- Who will select these projects?
- State Fund. They will make a scientific and technical council, which will include the best experts in this field.
- Is Rostec going to conclude agreements with foreign vendors on the localization of telecom equipment?
- Of course! But while we are negotiating, and we would not want to voice ahead of time, with whom and when we will conclude, but do not doubt that this will happen.
- What tasks will the combined company with Rostelecom solve except the creation of e-government?
- Creation of services for the public. The initial purpose of creating the NCI is to implement projects of the corporation for informatization of the public services sector and the development and implementation of electronic services for state authorities. NCI offers information solutions for the public sector and private business, including government agencies at all levels, departments and enterprises with state participation, fuel and energy companies, medical institutions, banks and insurance companies, manufacturers and suppliers of consumer goods, retail sales networks, industrial enterprises, transport companies -logistic sector, telecom operators, etc. A joint project with the Ministry of Health is successfully conducted within the framework of support and development of the Unified State Information System ravoohraneniya (EGISZ). In addition, we are involved in the introduction of an electronic passport system. This work will be carried out in accordance with the cooperation agreement with the Federal Migration Service of Russia, signed in February of 2014. Release of new passports is planned to start with 2016. It is necessary to create not only a user-friendly document, but also a document protected from falsification. The corporation intends to use for this all modern developments in the field of IT, security and encryption.
- Now Rostec is negotiating the purchase of Rosnano enterprises?
- We conducted negotiations with Rosnano and chose a number of companies that could be interesting, but again rested on financing. The state does not plan to allocate funds, it needs credit money, and today's conditions do not allow this money to be returned in the foreseeable future. Therefore, while we took a pause. With the old interest rates it could all pay off, now - no.
- Have you already chosen a partner to create a Russian airline reservation system? Among the possible partners was called Turkish Airlines ...
- They were really negotiating with them, but they did not reach the project. The project will be implemented by "Ruselectronics". At the same time, we continue negotiations on entering the project with international companies that have their own reservation systems. There are specific options, but the question rests on financing; we need a strategic investor who will take on part of the costs.
- The administration of the Irkutsk region reported that you, along with Rosneft, will reconstruct the Irkutsk airport. How did you get there?
- We have committed to gather a pool of investors, and this is what we do. We can invest part of our funds, some will be attracted from investors. These are various funds, including Arab, Chinese, Korean.
- Why is it interesting to you - air travel is reduced, in Irkutsk there is no open sky mode, which means that there are small prospects for traffic ...
- Why is there no transit? Irkutsk is located on the route from Asia to America across the North Pole, to have a hub there is very promising. story. We are working on the open sky regime. In general, we spoke about this with the Ministry of Transport: we don’t see any objections so far.
- Not so long ago you told about the National Immunobiological Company (NIC). What is this idea?
“Together with the Ministry of Health, we analyzed the situation and came to a disappointing conclusion that the entire pharmaceutical market is influenced by distributors who promote foreign products. Most of the so-called “producers”, at best - if we talk about vaccines - buy substances abroad and make vaccines here, at worst - they just pour the vaccine, and call themselves manufacturers and label products as Russian. Therefore, the Russian pharmaceutical industry is developing poorly. All this creates a situation that is dangerous for the state: if all vital medicines are purchased abroad and nothing is produced, then there may come a time when someone wants and can take advantage of it and harm Russia. Therefore, together with the Minister of Health Veronika Skvortsova, we appealed to the president with a proposal to create a pharmaceutical holding and merge into it the profile enterprises that existed, but due to a combination of factors (depreciation of fixed assets, old technologies, lack of resources for development) separately some significant competition to global suppliers, including in terms of essential drugs. The combined NIC structure will become the center of competence in organizing the full cycle of drug production in the Russian Federation: blood products, vaccines, anti-tuberculosis drugs, etc. - and will be able to ensure the implementation of the import substitution program.
We estimate today's pharmaceutical market in Russia at about 1 trillion rubles. The state spends a little more than 300 billion rubles on government procurement of medicines. annually and aims to give priority to Russian-made products. If you look at the numbers, purchases of drugs that will be made as part of the holding amount to about 80 billion rubles. - This is 25% of the public procurement market and 8% of the total Russian drug market. The planned revenue of the holding at 2020 is about 50 billion rubles. Therefore, if someone is worried that Rostec will come, monopolize the market and force everyone to be treated with domestic pills, then this is absolutely not the case, even in target segments the market will not become a monopolist.
- How much for this project will require funds from the budget?
- For the modernization of production and the transfer of a number of missing technologies, approximately 20 billion rubles are needed. Funding may not only be from the state, they will mostly even use the holding’s own funds and investors ’funds. They readily agree to participate with us in pharmaceutical projects - they see state support, reliability, stability and are not afraid to invest.
By presidential decrees, Rostec has already been transferred to the largest vaccine manufacturing company, Microgen, and a stake in Synthesis in Kurgan. We also own a stake in the new enterprise “Fort”, which specializes in the production of vaccines for the prevention of influenza. This year, the company will reach 100% capacity. The holding will also develop the production of products for orthopedics. The holding company’s contour includes the enterprise MPO Metalist, which manufactures prostheses and orthopedic implants. Today we have a very bad situation with prostheses and components for them. In Russia, they are produced very little, basically we all buy abroad. For example, titanium screws, and this despite the fact that titanium for our production is ours. The cost of these screws is low, and they cost us crazy money. I can say with my example: I broke my arm, and we traveled around half of Moscow while these screws were looking.
- The previous government decree identified the NIC as the sole supplier of drugs and medical devices for the needs of the FSIN. Did this order bring real results?
- Yes, more than. The share of domestic drugs in shipments increased from 25% in 2013 to 85% in 2014. These supplies were the start for the production cooperation program, this year we set ourselves the goal of achieving a share in 99,5%, of which 55% will be provided for account of products produced at Rostec enterprises.
- What will you ask? Introduce fees?
- We will put a condition that, if we are talking about public procurement for budgetary funds, procurement should be carried out from manufacturers with a full production cycle in Russia. It is about the safety of people, the main task of the state is to ensure it. And we, on the one hand, are representatives of the state, on the other hand - manufacturers.
- When will the new model YotaPhone?
- Yes, we just started with the second!
- iPhone comes out every year.
- We, too! The year before was the first, last year - the second. Now - white. At the end of the year we release a budget version. And in February, 2016, if we have time, will present the third YotaPhone. I already saw it - it turned out even better and more modern.
- When will the tablet be?
- We work on the tablet. I already saw him. Even now they made a device - an interesting thing is this: you put a phone on it, and it charges.
- Is the main YotaPhone market abroad?
- We would not formulate the question in this way. Of course, for Yota Devices, as for any global company, the markets of different countries are very important. Yota Devices successfully continues its global expansion and at the end of May begins sales on the largest market in the world - China, for which all the largest manufacturers of smartphones are fighting. This is an important and responsible step for the company. Contracts with Chinese partners allow us to speak with confidence about the high potential of the product in the region and the desire of the Chinese side to develop cooperation with Russia in the field of consumer electronics.
- Apparently, they are confident that the NSA can not listen to them.
- First of all, it all depends on the operator - where the server is located. And from the phone. It all depends on the software: as you write, so be it. We have now developed and certified secure communications that allow you to have a secure service.
- Even the FSB will not be able to get access?
- The special services of the Russian Federation will be able to access information on the YotaPhone upon request in accordance with the procedure prescribed in the legislation of the Russian Federation. Exactly the same way they can get access to the devices of other vendors - Samsung, Apple and others. Neither we nor other vendors have the right to sell phones to the market in a different way, otherwise terrorists and criminals will be able to use it. Obviously, the main danger comes from interception by competitors, foreign special services. For example, when YotaPhone entered the US market, the NSA asked to disclose the source code. And we have the same thing. They did not do this before, but now they finally introduced the law, like all civilized countries.
- How is the Rostec waste recycling project going?
- We have equipment that sorts garbage into metal, glass and paper. The problem with destruction technologies: our utilization lies mainly in the fact that we all bury ourselves in the ground: we are in last place in 20 of the most developed countries. This problem is particularly acute around Moscow and other big cities. There are no more landfills for landfills, it is forbidden to create new landfills, and garbage collectors are forced to take out the garbage to neighboring areas. But this is far and long, therefore, as a rule, everything is illegally dumped into the nearest forest. After a year or two, our region runs the risk of becoming a dump.
Together with the governor of the Moscow region, Andrei Vorobyov, we wrote a letter to the president that we had analyzed all the technologies that exist in the world, and came to the conclusion that the best is Japanese, Hitachi. They burn everything that remains after sorting, but at the same time there are no exhausts. There are filters, even no pipes, and the air comes out cleaner than on the street. Ash mixed with asphalt and make the road surface. We have negotiated - they are ready to create a joint venture with us to build factories here. Only around Moscow you need to build 15 plants. This is a lot of money. But this can be a commercial project, if the tariff for electricity and heat, which is generated as a result, will be subsidized. In Europe, this is called the "green" tariff. Yes, this is a small increase in tariffs for consumers, but there is no other option. We wrote about this, the president ordered the prime minister, Dmitry Medvedev, to work out such an opportunity, and as soon as there is such a tariff, we are ready to start working.
“From what you say, it turns out that the industry has taken such a defensive position because of the sanctions, because of the Ukrainian crisis, but how long can it be more or less comfortable in it?”
- And what other way out might be?
- To negotiate.
- We are ready, but do not want to talk with us. We are accused that we are at war with someone, but you look - there is actually nothing to fight there. There is no industry in the country, there is no agriculture, metallurgy, which was in Donetsk, Kharkov, rose, coal is not mined, the miners are on strike. Huge funds are needed for economic recovery, and it is impossible to revive the country at the expense of Europe and America. And how much money is the Ukrainian government currently spending on military actions? Huge. At the same time, there is a tense social situation in the country - people do not receive salaries, pensions. The state is at war with its people. And is it any wonder that people come to us? The flow of refugees from Ukraine is huge.
We are accused, but they do not know how to formulate a real position. We do not claim either Donetsk or Lugansk. Again, in order to revive these areas, there must be invested huge funds. Here is the Crimea - yes, historically the Russian region, and we returned it.
As for the position of other countries - from afar it is always easier to observe, from America for example, and to support military actions. And Europe is looking for ways, but it cannot but focus on the USA.
- You recently announced about half the optimization of management staff. What is the reason for this decision? A crisis?
- The crisis has nothing to do with it. We have long gone to this stage. The experience of global companies shows that the number of employees required for quality management amounts to 5 – 10% of the total number of the holding, in Rostec today it is 18%.
For six years, we collected assets, lined up holding companies, and were engaged in the rehabilitation of enterprises. In the process of consolidation, our management system was very centralized and required the participation of the central office in making a large number of different decisions. It was necessary to establish a management system for heterogeneous organizations. Now, when this stage is completed, some of the powers have been transferred to the management bodies of the holdings, and we move on to the next one, where it is necessary to increase the efficiency of the management structure, make it more compact, easily manageable. Due to this, we accelerate the decision-making process and bring them to the contractor. Optimization involves not only the optimization of managers, but also the consolidation of functions, the elimination of duplication and the redistribution of competencies, the conclusion of functions to outsourcing.
At the same time, we have the opportunity to reach the level of market wages and to attract to cooperation those specialists that are required by corporations, including those from large commercial structures.
We begin the process with ourselves - the central office, and then we will move on to the holding companies. At the same time, production specialties will not shrink, quite the contrary.
In two years, we plan to reduce management staff from 100 000 to 50 000. And the number of workers-increase.
- Alexander Terentyev "Vedomosti"
- http://www.vedomosti.ru/business/characters/2015/06/01/594526-mi-poluchili-vozmozhnost-sozdat-vsyo-svoe
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