May 21 - Pacific Fleet Day
May 21 in Russia marks the 284th anniversary of the formation of the Pacific fleet. Back in 1731, during the reign of Empress Anna Ioannovna, the Senate established the Okhotsk Flotilla, which became the first relatively combat-ready facility on the Pacific coast. Together with the flotilla, the place of its base, the Sea of Okhotsk, was established.
The role of the Okhotsk flotilla in the development of the entire navy of Russia and of the Far East itself is difficult to overestimate. After all, in fact, it was with the formation of the flotilla that economic research on the Pacific coast intensified. From the beginning of the 30s of the 18th century, an increase in the number of the Russian population began to be observed in the region, which was mainly settled along the shores of the Sea of Okhotsk.
With the transfer of the office of Anadyr burg (actually the administrative center of the Russian Far East of those years) to the port of Okhotsk at the beginning of the 18th century of the 18th century, the efficiency of economic activity increased. The fur trade on the islands of the region was intensified, which made it possible to significantly increase the volume of revenues to the state treasury. However, the main problem of increasing the efficiency of the economic process on the shores of the Pacific Ocean was its remoteness from the capital. The absence of a more or less suitable ground road infrastructure led to the courier service delivering documents and other correspondence from St. Petersburg to the port of Okhotsk within three to four months! By the end of the 18th century, the time of the “journey” had decreased to two months, but this did not solve the problem of the region’s virtually irresistible separation from the center.
The difficulties of managing the port of Okhotsk and the Okhotsk flotilla were also related to the fact that the assignment to service in this region was considered identical to exile, and therefore those who received the “regional” power in their own hands did not always think about purely state interests.
From the report of Colonel Zubritsky 1772 of the year (the port of Okhotsk) about the officers of the flotilla:
The problem of personnel shortage in Okhotsk was to some extent solved by the undertaken second Bering expedition (the second Kamchatka expedition). The officers who were part of it formed the basis of the flotilla and the control system of a distant region. Their names: Vasily Rtishchev, Vasily Khmetevsky, Fyodor Plenisner, Andreyan Yurlov.
Vasily Khmetevsky - a native of Suzdal village Ostafyevo rose to the rank of captain of the second rank. He received a brilliant education at the time. At first he studied at the Moscow School of Mathematical and Navigational Sciences, and then he studied at the St. Petersburg Marine Guard Academy. In 1733, he was promoted to post in the Baltic Fleet, and in 1734 he became an adjutant of Vitus Bering and joined the Kamchatka expedition. In the 1739 year, Khmetevsky sailed on the boat "Saint Gabriel" from Okhotsk to Bolsheretsk to describe the shores of the Kamchatka Peninsula as the vanguard of the Bering detachment. In 1742, Khmetevsky investigated the Kuriles and Hokkaido. He was the first to make nautical charts of this region, as well as detailed maps and descriptions of the coastline of Kamchatka itself. Khmetevsky and his colleagues conducted training in Okhotsk for students of the local navigational school, many of whom became officers of the fleet in the future.
In the XIX century, the flotilla, which by then had turned from Okhotsk into Siberian, gained a second birth.
But first, a deep-water seaport appeared in the region, which was used for ships arriving from the Baltic via the established northern route. By 1851, in connection with the loss of military and economic relevance, the port of Okhotsk was abolished, and the port of Petropavlovsk became the main one for the region.
However, after 4, the new main seaport was declared Nikolaevsk, and the flotilla, which, as already noted, was called Siberian, included both transport and warships. One of these ships was the America-built steamer frigate. Two more ships purchased for the flotilla are “Japanese” and “Manchuor”.
It's all about the initial stories formation of the Pacific Fleet. In the history of the fleet of the nineteenth and last centuries there is the heroic defense of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the battles in the Russo-Japanese War.
Of course, there is in the history of the fleet and the heroism of Pacific sailors during the years of the Great Patriotic War.
In Soviet times, the Pacific Fleet was divided into two fleets - the 5 of the Navy with a base in Vladivostok and the 7 of the Navy with a base in Sovetskaya Gavan. The separation took place from February 1947-th to April 1953. In 1953, the Pacific Fleet once again became one, and its first commander after the unification of the 5 and 7 fleets was Yuri Alexandrovich Panteleev.
22 in May 1987 was named after the great anti-submarine ship of the 1155 project, which became part of the Pacific Fleet of Russia in 1992 in honor of Admiral Panteleyev.
The Pacific Fleet today is the operational-strategic association of the Navy of the Russian Federation. To accomplish its tasks, the Pacific Fleet incorporates the following equipment: strategic missile submarines, multi-purpose nuclear and diesel submarines, surface ships for operations in the ocean and near sea zones, marine missile, anti-submarine and fighter Aviation, as well as ground forces and units of coastal troops.
The sailors of the Pacific Fleet are assigned the following tasks:
maintaining maritime strategic nuclear forces in constant combat readiness in the interests of nuclear deterrence;
protection of the economic zone and areas of production activity of Russia, suppression of illegal production activities;
ensuring the safety of maritime navigation;
implementation of government foreign policy actions in economically important areas of the World Ocean (visits, business visits, joint exercises, actions as part of peacekeeping forces, etc.).
Today, in the Far East, in honor of the fleet, commanded by Admiral S.I. Avakyants, festive events are held: the ritual of raising the State, St. Andrew’s and steng coloring flags on ships of the Pacific Fleet, laying flowers at monuments, memorials, military burials assigned to military units, participation of the fleet command in the ceremony of laying wreaths at the memorial complex "Military Glory of the Pacific Fleet", a festive concert-congratulation in the House of Navy Officers.
"Military Review" congratulates the personnel of the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation and its veterans on the holiday!
The role of the Okhotsk flotilla in the development of the entire navy of Russia and of the Far East itself is difficult to overestimate. After all, in fact, it was with the formation of the flotilla that economic research on the Pacific coast intensified. From the beginning of the 30s of the 18th century, an increase in the number of the Russian population began to be observed in the region, which was mainly settled along the shores of the Sea of Okhotsk.
With the transfer of the office of Anadyr burg (actually the administrative center of the Russian Far East of those years) to the port of Okhotsk at the beginning of the 18th century of the 18th century, the efficiency of economic activity increased. The fur trade on the islands of the region was intensified, which made it possible to significantly increase the volume of revenues to the state treasury. However, the main problem of increasing the efficiency of the economic process on the shores of the Pacific Ocean was its remoteness from the capital. The absence of a more or less suitable ground road infrastructure led to the courier service delivering documents and other correspondence from St. Petersburg to the port of Okhotsk within three to four months! By the end of the 18th century, the time of the “journey” had decreased to two months, but this did not solve the problem of the region’s virtually irresistible separation from the center.
The difficulties of managing the port of Okhotsk and the Okhotsk flotilla were also related to the fact that the assignment to service in this region was considered identical to exile, and therefore those who received the “regional” power in their own hands did not always think about purely state interests.
From the report of Colonel Zubritsky 1772 of the year (the port of Okhotsk) about the officers of the flotilla:
The officers 15, and even then seven of them are drunkards and useless.
The problem of personnel shortage in Okhotsk was to some extent solved by the undertaken second Bering expedition (the second Kamchatka expedition). The officers who were part of it formed the basis of the flotilla and the control system of a distant region. Their names: Vasily Rtishchev, Vasily Khmetevsky, Fyodor Plenisner, Andreyan Yurlov.
Vasily Khmetevsky - a native of Suzdal village Ostafyevo rose to the rank of captain of the second rank. He received a brilliant education at the time. At first he studied at the Moscow School of Mathematical and Navigational Sciences, and then he studied at the St. Petersburg Marine Guard Academy. In 1733, he was promoted to post in the Baltic Fleet, and in 1734 he became an adjutant of Vitus Bering and joined the Kamchatka expedition. In the 1739 year, Khmetevsky sailed on the boat "Saint Gabriel" from Okhotsk to Bolsheretsk to describe the shores of the Kamchatka Peninsula as the vanguard of the Bering detachment. In 1742, Khmetevsky investigated the Kuriles and Hokkaido. He was the first to make nautical charts of this region, as well as detailed maps and descriptions of the coastline of Kamchatka itself. Khmetevsky and his colleagues conducted training in Okhotsk for students of the local navigational school, many of whom became officers of the fleet in the future.
In the XIX century, the flotilla, which by then had turned from Okhotsk into Siberian, gained a second birth.
But first, a deep-water seaport appeared in the region, which was used for ships arriving from the Baltic via the established northern route. By 1851, in connection with the loss of military and economic relevance, the port of Okhotsk was abolished, and the port of Petropavlovsk became the main one for the region.
However, after 4, the new main seaport was declared Nikolaevsk, and the flotilla, which, as already noted, was called Siberian, included both transport and warships. One of these ships was the America-built steamer frigate. Two more ships purchased for the flotilla are “Japanese” and “Manchuor”.
It's all about the initial stories formation of the Pacific Fleet. In the history of the fleet of the nineteenth and last centuries there is the heroic defense of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the battles in the Russo-Japanese War.
Of course, there is in the history of the fleet and the heroism of Pacific sailors during the years of the Great Patriotic War.
The crew of "U-128", translated into "U-130". In the center - the commander of the submarine A.T. Coachman. 1944 year.
In Soviet times, the Pacific Fleet was divided into two fleets - the 5 of the Navy with a base in Vladivostok and the 7 of the Navy with a base in Sovetskaya Gavan. The separation took place from February 1947-th to April 1953. In 1953, the Pacific Fleet once again became one, and its first commander after the unification of the 5 and 7 fleets was Yuri Alexandrovich Panteleev.
22 in May 1987 was named after the great anti-submarine ship of the 1155 project, which became part of the Pacific Fleet of Russia in 1992 in honor of Admiral Panteleyev.
The Pacific Fleet today is the operational-strategic association of the Navy of the Russian Federation. To accomplish its tasks, the Pacific Fleet incorporates the following equipment: strategic missile submarines, multi-purpose nuclear and diesel submarines, surface ships for operations in the ocean and near sea zones, marine missile, anti-submarine and fighter Aviation, as well as ground forces and units of coastal troops.
Aboard the Varyag Guards Missile Cruiser (Avachinskaya Bay)
The sailors of the Pacific Fleet are assigned the following tasks:
maintaining maritime strategic nuclear forces in constant combat readiness in the interests of nuclear deterrence;
protection of the economic zone and areas of production activity of Russia, suppression of illegal production activities;
ensuring the safety of maritime navigation;
implementation of government foreign policy actions in economically important areas of the World Ocean (visits, business visits, joint exercises, actions as part of peacekeeping forces, etc.).
Today, in the Far East, in honor of the fleet, commanded by Admiral S.I. Avakyants, festive events are held: the ritual of raising the State, St. Andrew’s and steng coloring flags on ships of the Pacific Fleet, laying flowers at monuments, memorials, military burials assigned to military units, participation of the fleet command in the ceremony of laying wreaths at the memorial complex "Military Glory of the Pacific Fleet", a festive concert-congratulation in the House of Navy Officers.
"Military Review" congratulates the personnel of the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation and its veterans on the holiday!
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