SIPRI published a report on the international arms market in 2010-2014

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In accordance with the established tradition, in mid-March the Stockholm Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) starts publishing information about last year’s events on the international market for weapons and equipment. 16 March Institute published the first batch of sales information weapons and various military vehicles in 2010-2014. Swedish experts analyzed the transactions concluded last year, and identified a list of the largest manufacturers and buyers of weapons. In addition, the new report contains a comparison of indicators for the current and previous five-year period.



General trends

A comparison of the international arms market in 2005-2009 and 2010-2014 shows that the total volume of transactions continues to grow. Despite the fluctuations observed from year to year, over the past five years, arms sales have increased by 16%. At the same time, the growth of the market in 2014 year (in comparison with the previous 2013) has a smaller scale than in the case of five-year periods, which may be due to a gradual increase in sales after the failure of the beginning of the two thousandth year.

In a press release to the report states that the first place in sales of weapons and equipment in the past five years, kept the United States. On the US defense industry in 2010-2014. accounted for 31% of total military supplies. At the same time, over the past five years, exports of American weapons grew by 23% compared to the previous five-year period. SIPRI experts note that the United States traditionally uses military-technical cooperation as a tool of foreign policy and a means of ensuring international security. In recent years, a new one has been added to such “functions”: exports help preserve the defense industry in the face of a reduction in their own orders.

Russia, which occupies 27% of the market, remains on the second place in the list of the largest exporters. Over the past five years, Russian arms exports have grown by 37%. China is now the third largest supplier in the world. Over five years, sales of Chinese weapons increased by 143%, although in this case, China still cannot catch up with market leaders.

SIPRI experts point out some new trends related to arms importing countries. Thus, the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council continue to arm themselves. The total purchases of the six countries of this organization over the past five years increased by 71%. In addition, these countries account for 54% of purchases made by all countries in the Middle East. Especially actively growing military imports to Saudi Arabia. It has increased about four times, so that Saudi Arabia has risen to second place in the rating of buyers. The reason for such phenomena is the need to re-equip armies, due to both the obsolescence of existing equipment and new military threats.

Continues to arm and Asia. Of the 10 arms-leading countries, half are in Asia. India, with its 15% of global purchases, retains first place. In addition, China (10%), Pakistan (5%), South Korea and Singapore (by 4%) are present in the “top 3”. Thus, only five Asian countries account for 30% of world arms imports. Imports to India continue to grow, making up already 34% of all Asian purchases. At the same time, China in 2010-2014. reduced imports by 42%. Prerequisites for such phenomena in the Asian arms market are the need to upgrade the armed forces, as well as high dependence on imports. The last factor is vividly illustrated by China, which is developing its industry and thereby reducing purchases.

A press release also mentions a number of other trends observed or observed recently:
- For five years, European countries have reduced purchases by 36%. SIPRI specialists believe that in the near future such a reduction may stop. Against the background of the Ukrainian crisis, some European countries are planning to increase defense spending and, as a result, arms purchases;
- In 2010-2014 sales of weapons made in Germany fell by 43%. Such losses can be compensated in the future, when the execution of orders of several Middle Eastern countries received last year will begin;
- Azerbaijan is actively rearming, whose imports in the last five-year period grew by 249%;
- The situation in Africa is changing: Algeria became the largest African producer and seller of weapons, in second place is Morocco. Both of these countries show relatively high sales growth;
- Iraq, Cameroon and Nigeria are being re-armed to fight various terrorist groups. For example, the Iraqi military last year received a certain amount of weapons from several countries, including the United States and Russia;
- Many countries are showing an increased interest in various anti-missile systems. In particular, such weapons are acquired by the countries of the Middle East.

Exporting countries

The press release contains only some of the highlights of the new study. In the report, SIPRI experts provide a lot of other, no less interesting information. For example, it is stated that in 2010-2014. Only 60 states were engaged in the supply of weapons and military equipment. Despite this, the bulk of deliveries is carried out by only five countries. The five largest suppliers of weapons - the United States, Russia, China, Germany and France - supply 74% of all products on the international market. The total sales of the five leaders over the past five years increased by 14%.

The United States share in the international market is 31%, which is 2% more than in 2005-2009. For five years, the Americans sold weapons worth 43,876 billion dollars. The United States leads not only in terms of supply, but also in terms of the number of buyers: US weapons are supplied to 94 countries. Most (48%) American weapons are supplied to countries in Asia and Oceania. 32% of sales accounted for the Middle East, 11% - for Europe. It is noteworthy that all countries-buyers have a relatively small share in US exports. Thus, the largest buyer in 2010-2014's. became South Korea with 9% of all purchases. The second and third places in the rating of buyers from the USA are occupied by the United Arab Emirates and Australia with a share of 8%.

Over the past five years, Russia's share in the international arms market has grown from 22% to 27%. The total value of contracts for this term is 37,383 billion dollars. Russian weapons supplied 56 countries of the world. In addition, SIPRI experts believe that Russia supplies weapons to the Luhansk and Donetsk People’s Republics. A characteristic feature of Russian military exports is a large number of orders from the same countries. Thus, the three largest buyers of Russian weapons - India, China and Algeria - share approximately 60% of the export production of the Russian defense industry. To India in 2010-2014 accounted for 39% of Russian supplies, for China - 11%, for Algeria - 8%. This, in particular, affects the distribution of supplies by region. Asia and Oceania account for 66% of supplies, Africa and the Middle East - 12% and 10%, respectively.

Over the past five years, Chinese exports grew by 143% and reached 7,162 billion dollars, which enabled China to increase its international market share from 3% to 5%. Due to this, in the overall ranking of suppliers for 2010-2014. China climbed to third place, displacing Germany and France. China supplies its products to 35 countries, with 68% accounting for only three buyers. Pakistan receives 41% of Chinese export weapons, Bangladesh - 16%, Myanmar - 12%.

Germany reduces deliveries and loses its position in the ranking of the largest suppliers. In 2010-2014 German exports decreased by 43% to 7,387 billion dollars, which is why the country dropped from third to fourth place in the ranking of the largest suppliers. Previously, Germany had an international market share of 11%, but now it has shrunk to 5%. The main buyers of German weapons are European countries, which account for 30% of deliveries. 26% products are shipped to countries in Asia and Oceania, 24% - to countries in North and South America. Middle Eastern countries received 20% products, but this figure is likely to decline. Last year, the German leadership decided to change its policy in the field of military-technical cooperation. Among other things, it is planned to reduce deliveries to the Middle East, where there are problems of a political nature. The largest buyers of German weapons are the USA (11%), the second and third places on this list are Israel and Greece with 9% and 7%, respectively.

Together with Germany, France fell one notch in the ranking, now being the fifth arms supplier in the world. Over the past five years, its export has decreased from $ 9,974 billion (2005-2009) to 7,304 billion - losses account for 27%. Because of this, the occupied share of the international market decreased from 8% to 5%. France has export contracts with 74 countries. At the same time, Asia and Oceania account for 29% of supplies, Africa - 20%, and the Middle East - 20%. Europe and both Americas, in turn, buy only 16% and 14%, respectively. Most French products go to Morocco (18%). 14% and 8% of weapons are supplied to China and the UAE. French Military Export Expected to Benefit From New Supply Contracts aviation technology, primarily an agreement with Egypt on the 24 fighter Dassault Rafale.

Importing countries

In the period from 2010 to 2014, 153 countries were engaged in updating their armed forces through import purchases. At the same time, the volume of purchases was seriously different, which led to a significant difference between the shares of different countries. Thus, the top five importers — India, Saudi Arabia, China, the United Arab Emirates, and Pakistan — accounted for about a third of all purchases.

The largest importer over the past five years is India, previously ranked second in terms of procurement volumes. The total volume of its import contracts has grown from 8,781 to 21,036 billion US dollars. As a result, the share of Indian purchases in the market increased from 7% to 15%. 70% of military products delivered to India by Russian enterprises. Other countries supply their products to the Indian Armed Forces in much smaller quantities. Thus, the share of the United States (second place) in Indian imports is only 12%, and Israel (third place) supplies only 7%. India claims to be the regional leader, which affects its purchases of weapons and equipment.

Saudi Arabia is now ranked second in the ranking of importing countries. In 2005-2009 This country acquired 1,666 armaments with billions of dollars and was therefore at the 22 place in the overall ranking. A gradual increase in costs to 6,955 billion (2010-2014) brought Saudi Arabia to second place. The main suppliers of weapons for this country are the United Kingdom and the United States - their shares in imports are 36% and 35%, respectively. In third place in terms of supply is France with 6%.

At the end of the last decade, China was the largest buyer of weapons. In 2005-2009 he acquired weapons and equipment worth a total of 11,445 billion dollars. In 2010-2014 the cost of imported products fell to 6,68 billion dollars, which is why China fell to third place in the ranking. The share of Chinese orders in the international market, in turn, fell from 9% to 5%. Russia receives the bulk of Chinese orders (61%). The second and third importers to China in recent years have been France (16%) and Ukraine (13%). The main reason for the decline in imports is the gradual development of the Chinese defense industry. A large number of necessary products are made independently, although a wide range of products still have to be purchased from foreign countries.

The United Arab Emirates retained fourth place in the ranking of the largest importers of weapons and equipment. In the 2005-2009 years, this state spent 6,421 billion dollars on imported military products, in 2010-2014. - 6,186 billion. Due to the reduction in expenditures, the country's share in world imports decreased in absolute terms. Previously, it was 5%, now - 4%. Most of the UAE weapons purchased from the United States (58%). France and Russia have much smaller shares in UAE imports, having supplied 9% of the required products.

The top five importers are Pakistan. In the second half of the last decade, this state spent billion dollars on purchases of 3,717 and was in eighth place in the ranking. In 2010-2014 costs rose to 6,102 billion and brought the country to fifth place. Pakistan’s share of world imports increased from 3% to 5%. The main contribution to this was made by China, who fulfilled 51% of Pakistani orders. The second and third largest suppliers of contracts are the United States (30%) and Sweden (5%).

***

As you can see, in the past five years, several major trends have been observed on the international market for weapons and military equipment. First of all, it is necessary to note the gradual growth of the market, continuing after the failure of the beginning of the two thousandth years. In addition, over the past five years, the ratings of exporters and importers have changed. It is noteworthy that in the ranking of suppliers there have been minimal changes associated with an increase in Chinese exports. At the same time, the leading countries represented by the United States and Russia are gradually increasing their market share, displacing competitors and receiving new contracts.

At the same time, the list of importers has undergone much greater changes. Some countries are increasing the cost of purchases of imported weapons, others - reduce. Because of this, even in the top five there are major changes. First of all, a sharp rise in purchases of Saudi Arabia and a reduction in Chinese imports are of interest.

Published information by SIPRI is of great interest both for specialists and for the interested public. A few days ago, information was published about the state of the international arms market in 2010-2014. In the near future, Stockholm specialists should publish several other reports telling about the various features of the market and its state in the past 2014 year.


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http://sipri.org/
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13 comments
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  1. +4
    19 March 2015 07: 01
    If India does not conclude a contract with France for the supply of Rafale, then our defense industry is most likely to receive this contract. BUT all this is still out of the realm of speculation. We will wait for the official statement.
  2. +3
    19 March 2015 08: 43
    Yes, it seems like the Hindus refused France, agree with ours
    1. +3
      19 March 2015 13: 44
      Alas, they did not refuse. The other day, they even made the French the last Chinese proposal to make price concessions. They bargain, blackmailing the French with a possible contract with Russia.
  3. +4
    19 March 2015 09: 43
    The structure of American exports is more perfect. The number of buyers is 94 and they do not have such a total share in the structure of exports as Russian buyers. However, when only one country provides 43% of Russian exports, this is not good. Relay tomorrow and that’s all. And such countries have a more favorable position in the negotiations knowing their importance for the exporter and bend their fingers.
    1. +1
      19 March 2015 13: 29
      The structure of export by country directly depends on victories in wars and the success of the weapons of the country of the arms seller. The Americans won several victories with their weapons - they are buying from them. When the Americans lose, buyers will leave them for us.
    2. +2
      19 March 2015 13: 49
      All this is understandable, but we must take into account the fact that the United States dominates NATO, and also has a strong influence on the Persian Gulf countries, which account for solid arms purchases.
      Russia, it is almost impossible to sell weapons to NATO countries, especially in the current foreign policy situation.
      But in the Persian Gulf market it is possible and necessary to increase momentum.
  4. +1
    19 March 2015 11: 35
    Last year, Russia exported arms worth $ 10 billion, which is 9% more than in 2013. This is stated in a published report by the American company IHS, which conducts annual monitoring of the global arms market.
    "Russia had a record year - the country's exports in 2014 amounted to $ 10 billion, which is an increase of 9% over 2013," the report says.
    IHS experts note that the largest recipients of Russian exports are China ($ 2,3 billion), India ($ 1,7 billion), as well as Venezuela and Vietnam ($ 1 billion each).

    This data is not for the last 5 years as in the article, but for the last year. In general, it turns out that the Chinese are increasing their volumes of purchases, even bypassed India.
  5. +2
    19 March 2015 13: 21
    There's a lot of rutting in Sypri. He laughed a lot when he saw the delivery of Polish Grom2 MANPADS from Russia to Novorossiya. I understand that the Swedes can't stand Russia, but you can't lie so openly: well, they would write like this: "Thunder-2" MANPADS were sold by Poland to Ukraine. from where they fell into the hands of the militia as trophies. No, they took and wrote that we put these MANPADS there. Although in service with the Russian army, such MANPADS are not at all. And the Kornets - 50 pieces - are also captured Ukrainian missiles, not supplies from us.
    1. +1
      19 March 2015 13: 52
      Quote: Denis_469
      He laughed a lot when he saw the delivery of Polish Grom2 MANPADS from Russia to Novorossiya.

      It is strange that Ukrainian journalists still have not raised a howl about this. They like, without understanding, to throw tantrums.
    2. AlexP47
      0
      19 March 2015 21: 02
      The Swedes are right: "Thunder-2" are captured Georgian ones from the Five-Day War. We got to Donbass through the "Voentorg" line.
    3. AlexP47
      0
      19 March 2015 21: 02
      The Swedes are right: "Thunder-2" are captured Georgian ones from the Five-Day War. We got to Donbass through the "Voentorg" line.
  6. 0
    19 March 2015 15: 44
    The Egyptians were surprised by the buyers of French aircraft ??? Well, Mr. Sisi puffed up in Moscow? All in Egypt in the summer I will not go to the resort. Offended.
    False descendants of Sadat.
  7. sims2000
    0
    19 March 2015 17: 34
    Not bad! Is growing!
  8. 0
    19 March 2015 17: 56
    The Chinese are well done. So reduce imports and increase exports
  9. 0
    20 March 2015 00: 18
    The latest weapons in Russia:
    EW Lever and Mercury
    Protective dome
    and the "blind" enemy!
    100% of 100!
  10. +1
    20 March 2015 09: 34
    Good reviewer. Briefly and to the point.

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