For the country - “well done”, for the enemy - “scalpel”
Design Bureau of Special Engineering - 70 years
The most complex launchers, unique platforms for transporting spacecraft, antenna complexes and ... super-power railway cranes, which have no analogues containers for storing nuclear waste, are far from a complete list of developments of the Design Bureau of special engineering. But he also testifies to the truly limitless possibilities of the collective of the enterprise.
March 21, 2015 Design Bureau of Special Engineering celebrates its 70th anniversary. Founded in March 1945 as the Naval Artillery Central Design Bureau (IATSC), the enterprise was aimed at designing and ensuring the manufacture of new types of naval and coastal artillery weapons for the Naval fleet.
The first head of the enterprise was Lieutenant-General of Engineering and Technical Services, a well-known designer and scientist I. I. Ivanov. In the difficult years of the war, he gathered under his leadership the best specialists of the country in naval and coastal artillery. Major scientists — the chief designers of E. G. Rudyak, D. E. Brill, B. S. Korobov, A. A. Florensky — became comrades of Ivanov.
40 Postwar Artillery
A characteristic feature of the plans of this period was the development of projects of sea, coastal and railway artillery installations, ranging from 45-mm machine guns to 406-mm towers and railway transporters.
“The combat railway launch complex, created at KBSM in 80-s, had no analogues in the world”
Among the most significant developments of the specialists of the IASCB, put into service since 1945, are the country's first 100-mm two-gun deck-and-tower stabilized artillery unit SM-5, which has been in service with the Navy for about 40 years; 130-mm two-deck deck-tower installation CM-2 for destroyers; The 152-mm three-gun naval tower installation MK-5, which was the main caliber of the Sverdlov-type light cruisers.
For outstanding achievements in the development of naval artillery and the successful fulfillment of government assignments for the development of models of naval artillery weapons, the MACSKB was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1947.
In the 1948 order, the Minister of Armaments of the USSR issued the MAKKB to the Central Design Bureau No. 34 (TsKB-34).
In the second half of the 1940-x artillery systems and command-range posts, developed by the company, in terms of their tactical and technical parameters, they exceeded foreign models and were operated by the USSR Navy for a long time.
50 First strategic
The company continued to actively engage in artillery until the 1953 year, that is, before the start of the deployment of rocket projects in the country. The latest work of the TsKB-34 on artillery subjects is the swinging part, the guidance and loading mechanism for the 406-mm self-propelled gun of special power SM-54 “Capacitor”, as well as the two-gun 100-mm automatic installation CM-52 for arming cruisers and patrol ships.
From 1954, the company is starting to change its profile. One of the main activities is the creation of launchers and process equipment for the missile systems of the army and the Navy.
In 1950, the TsKB-34 developed and commissioned the first Soviet launchers for the surface and underwater launch of strategic missiles from submarines.
Since 1955, the company has begun work on the creation of the first launchers for launching cruise and anti-aircraft missiles from surface ships and submarines of the Navy. The SM-70 shipboard launcher for launching cruise missiles, developed at TsKB-34, became the main armament of the Grozny-type missile cruisers. Subsequently, heavy cruisers of the Kirov-type Navy were equipped with PU for cruise missiles developed by TsKB-34.
In 50-ies, TsKB-34 specialists began building launchers for the first in the USSR mobile C-75 Dvina missile system, designed to combat airborne targets at medium and high altitudes. It was this anti-aircraft missile complex that interrupted the flights of American reconnaissance aircraft, which plowed the skies over our country with impunity. 1 May 1960 over Sverdlovsk at an altitude of more than 20 kilometers using a C-75 was shot down reconnaissance aircraft U-2, piloted by CIA agent Francis Powers. But the triumph of the C-75 Dvina air defense system was Vietnam. In 1965 for the first time in stories rocket air combat in one day were destroyed three fighter type "Phantom". Distinguished divisions C-75. And throughout the war, the US Air Force lost in Vietnam from anti-aircraft missile fire around 1000 jet aircraft. Launchers in the C-75 complex of various modifications have shown their effectiveness and, up to the 1988 year, were supplied to 27 countries of the world.
For the C-125 “Neva” anti-aircraft systems, designed to intercept targets at low altitudes, specialists of TsKB-34 have developed a paired, and later, quadruple launchers. During the 20 years, these launchers were manufactured in large series and delivered to the armies of the Warsaw Pact countries. The system has been tested in many conflicts, showing high fighting qualities. For example, in the 1999 year in Yugoslavia, the United States F-117A, created using the Stealth technology, was first shot down.
At the end of the 50-s, the long-range automated C-200 Angara was created for the country's air defense. The TsKB-34 team is developing a ground equipment complex that provides pre-launch preparation and launch.
The missile launched from ground equipment could hit air targets at a distance of 240 kilometers. All the most important objects of the country were under its protection. Subsequently, the launch and technical positions of the air defense systems for the C-200 “Dubna” and “Vega” systems with improved performance characteristics were developed.
In 1959, the company took the lead. M. Shakhov - a major specialist in the creation of artillery equipment. The beginning of his activity as a leader coincided with the creation in the country of a new type of Armed Forces - the Strategic Missile Forces. The main merit of Shakhov is the re-profiling of the enterprise to create completely new military equipment.
60 Mines and stars
In 1960, in the USSR, work began on the creation of mine combat launch systems for intercontinental ballistic missiles. Since that time, the long-term creative collaboration of the Central Design Bureau No. 34 with the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, headed by MK Yangel, begins. By decree of the government, TsKB-34 was involved in the development of the Sheksna launch position for the two-stage first-generation ballistic missile P-16.
The first generation represented complexes with group silo launchers. The missiles were fueled immediately before launch using the equipment included in the starting position kit.
The work on this topic served as the beginning of the enterprise’s specialization as the leading organization for the creation of stationary and mobile starting complexes of subsequent generations of ballistic missiles, which became the basis of the USSR nuclear shield.
In 1966, by the order of the USSR General Engineering Minister, the Central Bureau of Special Engineering assigned a new name: Design Bureau of Mechanization Tools (KBSM).
During this period, single launch complexes for the second generation of ballistic missiles are being created in the team. It is possible to reduce the time for preparation and launch of rockets from several hours to minutes, to achieve an increase in survivability, to simplify the operation of weapons. In 1967, the OS-67 rocket complex for heavy ICBMs was adopted for mass production.
In 1969, the company was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for the development and successful commissioning of rocket and space systems for the Strategic Missile Forces, the Navy and the Air Defense Forces.
With the start of regular launches of artificial earth satellites in the country, the era of space research began. KBSM becomes the leader in the design and operation of metal structures, mechanisms of antenna installations for communication with orbital objects.
From the beginning of the 60-s to the end of the 70-s, dozens of ground-based and ship-mounted antenna systems, precision fixed turntables for optical telescopes and optical telescopes were created under the guidance of chief designers B. S. Korobov and I. N. Knyazev. -electronic monitoring systems near-earth space. Among them are two of the world's largest full-turn 70-meter radio telescopes installed in the Crimea and Primorsky Krai, as well as the most powerful 6-meter reflecting telescope in Eurasia, which for a long time remained unsurpassed in its characteristics.
In all, without exception, domestic space programs, starting with flights of ships with a man on board, are Vostok, Voskhod, Soyuz, Salyut, Progress, Mir, Vega, Venus, as well as international - “Soyuz” - “Apollo” and many others, reliable communications were provided by land and ship antennas developed by KBSM.
70 For future generations
In Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, headed by V. F. Utkin, ICBMs of the third and third-generation heavy and middle class are being created. Fundamentally new launch systems with a mortar launch scheme are being developed for these rockets at KBSM.
In 1974, the enterprise was headed by S. P. Kovalis, the head of a new formation with versatile abilities of an engineer, designer, and organizer. Under him, the enterprise finally took shape as a kind of scientific and technical association of independent specialized complexes with its thematic focus, capable of solving together a wide range of tasks to ensure strategic missile forces, the Navy, and air defense.
At the testing site of the enterprise and the sites of the Ministry of Defense, new technological and constructive solutions for gas dynamics of launch, defense devices, depreciation systems, etc. are being developed. The launch complex for the 15А14 rocket becomes the basis for all subsequent heavy ICBMs, including: 15А15, 15А1615X 11A15.
In the first half of the 1970-x, the KBSM also launched cruise missile launchers for the third generation of missile cruisers and submarines.
At the site of the enterprise, experimental studies are being carried out on the development of gas dynamics of the launch, the fluid dynamics of rocket launches from under water. On the natural gas dynamic stand pass life tests.
The KBSM team is creating new launchers for the 949 Granit and 949A Antey missile submarines, the Bazalt cruise missile launch complex for Kiev-type aircraft-carrying anti-submarine cruisers, the Vulkan cruise missile launch vehicle for the Slava missile cruisers , underdeck launcher complex "Granit" for heavy nuclear missile cruisers like "Kirov".
Since 1975, the organization has been developing and manufacturing unified security systems for objects (territories, vehicles, buildings and premises). An integrated solution may include several levels of control, as well as, if necessary, fire extinguishing agents and autonomous sources of power supply.
In 1976, KBSM was awarded the Order of the October Revolution for creating a new generation of rocket systems and other work, including equipment for space communications.
80 Worldwide recognition
In 80-ies, KBSM, as the leading organization and developer, created the well-to-do in the world combat railway launch complex 15IX61 “Well done” (according to NATO terminology, “Scalpel”). In the same period, the enterprise’s collective put into service a high-security mine launch complex for the heavy rocket 15А18М “Voyevoda” (according to the NATO classification - “Satan”), which has no analogues in the world and occupies a significant place in the grouping of the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia.
For space troops, KBSM developed technological equipment for assembling the Energia-Buran system, as well as a railway carriage for transporting spacecraft.
A number of launchers were created for the air defense forces in the KBSM, including the launcher of the best Russian anti-aircraft missile system C-300, superior to foreign analogues. Export modifications of these air defense systems are in service in many countries of the world and have earned worldwide recognition for their reliability and increased survivability in combat conditions.
In 1987, the company was headed by N. A. Trofimov - a prominent specialist in the field of creating rocket and space technology. Under his leadership and with the direct participation, unparalleled complexes for launch vehicles of the 4 generation have been developed and put into operation.
In July, 1989, the company was renamed the Design Bureau of Special Engineering (KBSM).
90 Eureka civilian
1990 steel for the team KBSM decade of trials caused by the collapse of the USSR and economic shocks. While reducing the financing of defense industries, the company’s management began an urgent search for new customers.
The huge scientific, design and experimental groundwork accumulated in the KBSM allowed, along with the continuation of defense work, to successfully switch to civilian products. Based on the experience of designing highly protected mine launchers, the enterprise’s team for the first time in Russia solved the most important problem - created a family of transport packaging kits with metal-concrete containers (MBC) for long-term storage and transportation of spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants and nuclear power plants. MBC with fuel can be stored in open storage areas or in light buildings for 50 years with a guarantee of safety in emergency situations. At the international inventions salons "Brussels-Eureka" metal concrete containers were awarded gold and three silver medals.
For throwing and thermal testing of domestic and foreign containers were developed and installed on the test bench KBSM unparalleled in Europe integrated stands. They are tested for heavy products weighing up to 140 tons, requiring checks to fall from a height and fire resistance.
To protect against earthquakes of high-risk facilities, a design of a shock-absorbing device based on pneumatic shock absorbers used in mine launchers has been developed and tested. This design is patented and received a gold medal at the international inventions salon "Brussels-Eureka 95".
According to the Dnipro conversion program, which envisages the use for peaceful purposes of heavy ICBMs, KBSM specialists, led by Chief Designer V.D. Guskov, retooled and improved the mine launchers of the 15А18 complex for launching civilian spacecraft into orbit.
Under the leadership of the chief designer A. F. Utkin, railway cranes with a lifting capacity of 80 and 150 tons were developed. They have no analogues in the country and surpass foreign samples in a number of indicators.
For frigates built by order of India at the Baltic Shipyard, the KBSM team, led by Chief Designer V.F. Potapov, developed the Club-N missile system launcher.
For the export modification of the C-125 Pechora, the team of the chief designer A.V. Panteleev upgraded the launcher with an increase in their combat characteristics. The prototype Pechora-2M on a wheeled chassis, designed and manufactured by KBSM, is recognized as the best in competitive competition with foreign firms.
Starting from 1992, the KBSM workforce has created a launch complex for Topol-M ICBMs. To this end, under the leadership of Chief Designer V. D. Guskov, a large-scale stand has been developed, installed at the site of the enterprise. At the same time, at the Plesetsk cosmodrome, a silo launcher was created using resource-saving technology. After successfully conducting joint flight tests by specialists of the Moscow Region and cooperation under the leadership of the Moscow Thermal Engineering Institute in 2000, this complex was adopted by decree of the President of the Russian Federation.
The company not only managed to withstand the difficult times of restructuring and crises, but also to find its niche in the new economic conditions.
XXI Century. Guardian of Nuclear Parity
At the beginning of the XXI century, the KBSM team is creating and improving new launch complexes and civilian products. On the experimental base of the enterprise, tests were carried out that contributed to the successful commissioning of the Bulava launch complex. A large amount of work has been done on the development of technological equipment, which ensured the timely deployment of the Yars mine-based missile system for combat duty. Designed and manufactured serially automated security systems, as well as the power unit designed for backup power supply of launch missile systems. For promising sea-based missile systems, a fundamentally new high-performance launch and technological equipment is being created.
In preparation for the celebration of the 300 anniversary of St. Petersburg, the employees of OJSC KBSM made a unique restoration of the Angel weather vane rotary mechanism on the spire of the Peter and Paul Cathedral. For electric transport more than 45 cities of Russia developed and manufactured systems of telemechanical control and monitoring, unified sealed electric tram arrows. The development of new trams, which provide comfortable conditions for the transport of passengers, including those with limited physical abilities, does not do without KBSM specialists.
Since 2006, Vladimir Grigorievich Dolbenkov, Honored Machine Builder of the Russian Federation, an industry-known specialist in the development, testing, installation and commissioning of modifications of equipment for missile systems, as well as civilian products, has become the company's general director. Under his leadership, OJSC KBSM successfully develops modern air defense systems: self-propelled launchers mounted on a high-traffic chassis, with built-in power supply systems and minimal deployment time for launch positions, as well as antenna posts intended for tracking purposes.
In 2009, on the topic of “Liana”, a set of spacecraft delivery vehicles was delivered to the customer, providing specified temperature and humidity conditions and control over their maintenance during satellite transportation.
Since 2010, the launcher for the Triumphator C-400 anti-aircraft missile system of the air defense system has been launched into serial production. In the same year, the federal target program “Nuclear power technologies of a new generation for the period 2010 – 2015 and for the future up to 2020” began the development of a reactor building for a demonstration nuclear fast-neutron reactor installation with lead coolant BREST-OD-300 ".
Over the past decade, KBSM, together with Roscosmos enterprises, has been involved in the creation of launch complexes for new promising missiles. So, in 2014, the cable-filling tower was commissioned in Plesetsk, designed to provide preparation for the launch and launch of the newest Angara carriers of the light, medium and heavy classes. The uniqueness of the design is that, for the first time in the world, a whole family of launch vehicles is launched from one launch facility.
OJSC KBSM participates in the creation of promising air defense and aerospace defense systems. The development and binding of launch and loading equipment are being carried out for deployment on surface patrol ships, multi-purpose frigates and corvettes, as well as on multi-purpose submarines of a new generation. The team is engaged in promising missile systems, which will have all the necessary combat characteristics, allowing to maintain strategic deterrence forces in a high degree of combat readiness and ensure nuclear parity.
First Person
Vladimir Dolbenkov, General Director, General Designer of KBSM OJSC
Today, OJSC Design Bureau of Special Engineering is a multi-dynamic, rapidly developing enterprise that possesses all types of technologies and equipment for designing and creating competitive high-tech products for the civil and military industries.
The main resource of KBSM is a highly qualified and efficient team. Our designers not only on paper create weaponwhich has no equal in the world, but also carries out architectural supervision of its production at dozens of the largest factories of our state, in the most difficult conditions they carry out tests at polygons of the Ministry of Defense, working out and putting the equipment into service. Over the entire history of the enterprise, more than 2000 awards have been awarded to the KBSM for the outstanding contribution to the creation of new technology, three chief designers have been awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor, seven specialists have been awarded Lenin prizes. More than sixty employees are laureates of the State Prize of the USSR, and one is the laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation. Five employees are laureates of the RF Government Prize. Due to the ongoing personnel and youth policy, at present, KBSM has developed a blend of veterans and promising specialists who are able to solve the most complex tasks and occupy leading positions in high-tech manufacturing. The technical, personnel, intellectual potential of the Design Bureau of special engineering allows you to look to the future with optimism.
The most complex launchers, unique platforms for transporting spacecraft, antenna complexes and ... super-power railway cranes, which have no analogues containers for storing nuclear waste, are far from a complete list of developments of the Design Bureau of special engineering. But he also testifies to the truly limitless possibilities of the collective of the enterprise.
March 21, 2015 Design Bureau of Special Engineering celebrates its 70th anniversary. Founded in March 1945 as the Naval Artillery Central Design Bureau (IATSC), the enterprise was aimed at designing and ensuring the manufacture of new types of naval and coastal artillery weapons for the Naval fleet.
The first head of the enterprise was Lieutenant-General of Engineering and Technical Services, a well-known designer and scientist I. I. Ivanov. In the difficult years of the war, he gathered under his leadership the best specialists of the country in naval and coastal artillery. Major scientists — the chief designers of E. G. Rudyak, D. E. Brill, B. S. Korobov, A. A. Florensky — became comrades of Ivanov.
40 Postwar Artillery
A characteristic feature of the plans of this period was the development of projects of sea, coastal and railway artillery installations, ranging from 45-mm machine guns to 406-mm towers and railway transporters.
“The combat railway launch complex, created at KBSM in 80-s, had no analogues in the world”
Among the most significant developments of the specialists of the IASCB, put into service since 1945, are the country's first 100-mm two-gun deck-and-tower stabilized artillery unit SM-5, which has been in service with the Navy for about 40 years; 130-mm two-deck deck-tower installation CM-2 for destroyers; The 152-mm three-gun naval tower installation MK-5, which was the main caliber of the Sverdlov-type light cruisers.
For outstanding achievements in the development of naval artillery and the successful fulfillment of government assignments for the development of models of naval artillery weapons, the MACSKB was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1947.
In the 1948 order, the Minister of Armaments of the USSR issued the MAKKB to the Central Design Bureau No. 34 (TsKB-34).
In the second half of the 1940-x artillery systems and command-range posts, developed by the company, in terms of their tactical and technical parameters, they exceeded foreign models and were operated by the USSR Navy for a long time.
50 First strategic
The company continued to actively engage in artillery until the 1953 year, that is, before the start of the deployment of rocket projects in the country. The latest work of the TsKB-34 on artillery subjects is the swinging part, the guidance and loading mechanism for the 406-mm self-propelled gun of special power SM-54 “Capacitor”, as well as the two-gun 100-mm automatic installation CM-52 for arming cruisers and patrol ships.
From 1954, the company is starting to change its profile. One of the main activities is the creation of launchers and process equipment for the missile systems of the army and the Navy.
In 1950, the TsKB-34 developed and commissioned the first Soviet launchers for the surface and underwater launch of strategic missiles from submarines.
Since 1955, the company has begun work on the creation of the first launchers for launching cruise and anti-aircraft missiles from surface ships and submarines of the Navy. The SM-70 shipboard launcher for launching cruise missiles, developed at TsKB-34, became the main armament of the Grozny-type missile cruisers. Subsequently, heavy cruisers of the Kirov-type Navy were equipped with PU for cruise missiles developed by TsKB-34.
In 50-ies, TsKB-34 specialists began building launchers for the first in the USSR mobile C-75 Dvina missile system, designed to combat airborne targets at medium and high altitudes. It was this anti-aircraft missile complex that interrupted the flights of American reconnaissance aircraft, which plowed the skies over our country with impunity. 1 May 1960 over Sverdlovsk at an altitude of more than 20 kilometers using a C-75 was shot down reconnaissance aircraft U-2, piloted by CIA agent Francis Powers. But the triumph of the C-75 Dvina air defense system was Vietnam. In 1965 for the first time in stories rocket air combat in one day were destroyed three fighter type "Phantom". Distinguished divisions C-75. And throughout the war, the US Air Force lost in Vietnam from anti-aircraft missile fire around 1000 jet aircraft. Launchers in the C-75 complex of various modifications have shown their effectiveness and, up to the 1988 year, were supplied to 27 countries of the world.
For the C-125 “Neva” anti-aircraft systems, designed to intercept targets at low altitudes, specialists of TsKB-34 have developed a paired, and later, quadruple launchers. During the 20 years, these launchers were manufactured in large series and delivered to the armies of the Warsaw Pact countries. The system has been tested in many conflicts, showing high fighting qualities. For example, in the 1999 year in Yugoslavia, the United States F-117A, created using the Stealth technology, was first shot down.
At the end of the 50-s, the long-range automated C-200 Angara was created for the country's air defense. The TsKB-34 team is developing a ground equipment complex that provides pre-launch preparation and launch.
The missile launched from ground equipment could hit air targets at a distance of 240 kilometers. All the most important objects of the country were under its protection. Subsequently, the launch and technical positions of the air defense systems for the C-200 “Dubna” and “Vega” systems with improved performance characteristics were developed.
In 1959, the company took the lead. M. Shakhov - a major specialist in the creation of artillery equipment. The beginning of his activity as a leader coincided with the creation in the country of a new type of Armed Forces - the Strategic Missile Forces. The main merit of Shakhov is the re-profiling of the enterprise to create completely new military equipment.
60 Mines and stars
In 1960, in the USSR, work began on the creation of mine combat launch systems for intercontinental ballistic missiles. Since that time, the long-term creative collaboration of the Central Design Bureau No. 34 with the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, headed by MK Yangel, begins. By decree of the government, TsKB-34 was involved in the development of the Sheksna launch position for the two-stage first-generation ballistic missile P-16.
The first generation represented complexes with group silo launchers. The missiles were fueled immediately before launch using the equipment included in the starting position kit.The work on this topic served as the beginning of the enterprise’s specialization as the leading organization for the creation of stationary and mobile starting complexes of subsequent generations of ballistic missiles, which became the basis of the USSR nuclear shield.
In 1966, by the order of the USSR General Engineering Minister, the Central Bureau of Special Engineering assigned a new name: Design Bureau of Mechanization Tools (KBSM).
During this period, single launch complexes for the second generation of ballistic missiles are being created in the team. It is possible to reduce the time for preparation and launch of rockets from several hours to minutes, to achieve an increase in survivability, to simplify the operation of weapons. In 1967, the OS-67 rocket complex for heavy ICBMs was adopted for mass production.
In 1969, the company was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for the development and successful commissioning of rocket and space systems for the Strategic Missile Forces, the Navy and the Air Defense Forces.
With the start of regular launches of artificial earth satellites in the country, the era of space research began. KBSM becomes the leader in the design and operation of metal structures, mechanisms of antenna installations for communication with orbital objects.
From the beginning of the 60-s to the end of the 70-s, dozens of ground-based and ship-mounted antenna systems, precision fixed turntables for optical telescopes and optical telescopes were created under the guidance of chief designers B. S. Korobov and I. N. Knyazev. -electronic monitoring systems near-earth space. Among them are two of the world's largest full-turn 70-meter radio telescopes installed in the Crimea and Primorsky Krai, as well as the most powerful 6-meter reflecting telescope in Eurasia, which for a long time remained unsurpassed in its characteristics.
In all, without exception, domestic space programs, starting with flights of ships with a man on board, are Vostok, Voskhod, Soyuz, Salyut, Progress, Mir, Vega, Venus, as well as international - “Soyuz” - “Apollo” and many others, reliable communications were provided by land and ship antennas developed by KBSM.
70 For future generations
In Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, headed by V. F. Utkin, ICBMs of the third and third-generation heavy and middle class are being created. Fundamentally new launch systems with a mortar launch scheme are being developed for these rockets at KBSM.
In 1974, the enterprise was headed by S. P. Kovalis, the head of a new formation with versatile abilities of an engineer, designer, and organizer. Under him, the enterprise finally took shape as a kind of scientific and technical association of independent specialized complexes with its thematic focus, capable of solving together a wide range of tasks to ensure strategic missile forces, the Navy, and air defense.
At the testing site of the enterprise and the sites of the Ministry of Defense, new technological and constructive solutions for gas dynamics of launch, defense devices, depreciation systems, etc. are being developed. The launch complex for the 15А14 rocket becomes the basis for all subsequent heavy ICBMs, including: 15А15, 15А1615X 11A15.
In the first half of the 1970-x, the KBSM also launched cruise missile launchers for the third generation of missile cruisers and submarines.
At the site of the enterprise, experimental studies are being carried out on the development of gas dynamics of the launch, the fluid dynamics of rocket launches from under water. On the natural gas dynamic stand pass life tests.
The KBSM team is creating new launchers for the 949 Granit and 949A Antey missile submarines, the Bazalt cruise missile launch complex for Kiev-type aircraft-carrying anti-submarine cruisers, the Vulkan cruise missile launch vehicle for the Slava missile cruisers , underdeck launcher complex "Granit" for heavy nuclear missile cruisers like "Kirov".
Since 1975, the organization has been developing and manufacturing unified security systems for objects (territories, vehicles, buildings and premises). An integrated solution may include several levels of control, as well as, if necessary, fire extinguishing agents and autonomous sources of power supply.
In 1976, KBSM was awarded the Order of the October Revolution for creating a new generation of rocket systems and other work, including equipment for space communications.
80 Worldwide recognition
In 80-ies, KBSM, as the leading organization and developer, created the well-to-do in the world combat railway launch complex 15IX61 “Well done” (according to NATO terminology, “Scalpel”). In the same period, the enterprise’s collective put into service a high-security mine launch complex for the heavy rocket 15А18М “Voyevoda” (according to the NATO classification - “Satan”), which has no analogues in the world and occupies a significant place in the grouping of the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia.
For space troops, KBSM developed technological equipment for assembling the Energia-Buran system, as well as a railway carriage for transporting spacecraft.
A number of launchers were created for the air defense forces in the KBSM, including the launcher of the best Russian anti-aircraft missile system C-300, superior to foreign analogues. Export modifications of these air defense systems are in service in many countries of the world and have earned worldwide recognition for their reliability and increased survivability in combat conditions.
In 1987, the company was headed by N. A. Trofimov - a prominent specialist in the field of creating rocket and space technology. Under his leadership and with the direct participation, unparalleled complexes for launch vehicles of the 4 generation have been developed and put into operation.
In July, 1989, the company was renamed the Design Bureau of Special Engineering (KBSM).
90 Eureka civilian
1990 steel for the team KBSM decade of trials caused by the collapse of the USSR and economic shocks. While reducing the financing of defense industries, the company’s management began an urgent search for new customers.
The huge scientific, design and experimental groundwork accumulated in the KBSM allowed, along with the continuation of defense work, to successfully switch to civilian products. Based on the experience of designing highly protected mine launchers, the enterprise’s team for the first time in Russia solved the most important problem - created a family of transport packaging kits with metal-concrete containers (MBC) for long-term storage and transportation of spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants and nuclear power plants. MBC with fuel can be stored in open storage areas or in light buildings for 50 years with a guarantee of safety in emergency situations. At the international inventions salons "Brussels-Eureka" metal concrete containers were awarded gold and three silver medals.
For throwing and thermal testing of domestic and foreign containers were developed and installed on the test bench KBSM unparalleled in Europe integrated stands. They are tested for heavy products weighing up to 140 tons, requiring checks to fall from a height and fire resistance.
To protect against earthquakes of high-risk facilities, a design of a shock-absorbing device based on pneumatic shock absorbers used in mine launchers has been developed and tested. This design is patented and received a gold medal at the international inventions salon "Brussels-Eureka 95".
According to the Dnipro conversion program, which envisages the use for peaceful purposes of heavy ICBMs, KBSM specialists, led by Chief Designer V.D. Guskov, retooled and improved the mine launchers of the 15А18 complex for launching civilian spacecraft into orbit.
Under the leadership of the chief designer A. F. Utkin, railway cranes with a lifting capacity of 80 and 150 tons were developed. They have no analogues in the country and surpass foreign samples in a number of indicators.
For frigates built by order of India at the Baltic Shipyard, the KBSM team, led by Chief Designer V.F. Potapov, developed the Club-N missile system launcher.
For the export modification of the C-125 Pechora, the team of the chief designer A.V. Panteleev upgraded the launcher with an increase in their combat characteristics. The prototype Pechora-2M on a wheeled chassis, designed and manufactured by KBSM, is recognized as the best in competitive competition with foreign firms.
Starting from 1992, the KBSM workforce has created a launch complex for Topol-M ICBMs. To this end, under the leadership of Chief Designer V. D. Guskov, a large-scale stand has been developed, installed at the site of the enterprise. At the same time, at the Plesetsk cosmodrome, a silo launcher was created using resource-saving technology. After successfully conducting joint flight tests by specialists of the Moscow Region and cooperation under the leadership of the Moscow Thermal Engineering Institute in 2000, this complex was adopted by decree of the President of the Russian Federation.
The company not only managed to withstand the difficult times of restructuring and crises, but also to find its niche in the new economic conditions.
XXI Century. Guardian of Nuclear Parity
At the beginning of the XXI century, the KBSM team is creating and improving new launch complexes and civilian products. On the experimental base of the enterprise, tests were carried out that contributed to the successful commissioning of the Bulava launch complex. A large amount of work has been done on the development of technological equipment, which ensured the timely deployment of the Yars mine-based missile system for combat duty. Designed and manufactured serially automated security systems, as well as the power unit designed for backup power supply of launch missile systems. For promising sea-based missile systems, a fundamentally new high-performance launch and technological equipment is being created.
In preparation for the celebration of the 300 anniversary of St. Petersburg, the employees of OJSC KBSM made a unique restoration of the Angel weather vane rotary mechanism on the spire of the Peter and Paul Cathedral. For electric transport more than 45 cities of Russia developed and manufactured systems of telemechanical control and monitoring, unified sealed electric tram arrows. The development of new trams, which provide comfortable conditions for the transport of passengers, including those with limited physical abilities, does not do without KBSM specialists.
Since 2006, Vladimir Grigorievich Dolbenkov, Honored Machine Builder of the Russian Federation, an industry-known specialist in the development, testing, installation and commissioning of modifications of equipment for missile systems, as well as civilian products, has become the company's general director. Under his leadership, OJSC KBSM successfully develops modern air defense systems: self-propelled launchers mounted on a high-traffic chassis, with built-in power supply systems and minimal deployment time for launch positions, as well as antenna posts intended for tracking purposes.
In 2009, on the topic of “Liana”, a set of spacecraft delivery vehicles was delivered to the customer, providing specified temperature and humidity conditions and control over their maintenance during satellite transportation.
Since 2010, the launcher for the Triumphator C-400 anti-aircraft missile system of the air defense system has been launched into serial production. In the same year, the federal target program “Nuclear power technologies of a new generation for the period 2010 – 2015 and for the future up to 2020” began the development of a reactor building for a demonstration nuclear fast-neutron reactor installation with lead coolant BREST-OD-300 ".
Over the past decade, KBSM, together with Roscosmos enterprises, has been involved in the creation of launch complexes for new promising missiles. So, in 2014, the cable-filling tower was commissioned in Plesetsk, designed to provide preparation for the launch and launch of the newest Angara carriers of the light, medium and heavy classes. The uniqueness of the design is that, for the first time in the world, a whole family of launch vehicles is launched from one launch facility.
OJSC KBSM participates in the creation of promising air defense and aerospace defense systems. The development and binding of launch and loading equipment are being carried out for deployment on surface patrol ships, multi-purpose frigates and corvettes, as well as on multi-purpose submarines of a new generation. The team is engaged in promising missile systems, which will have all the necessary combat characteristics, allowing to maintain strategic deterrence forces in a high degree of combat readiness and ensure nuclear parity.
First Person
Vladimir Dolbenkov, General Director, General Designer of KBSM OJSC
Today, OJSC Design Bureau of Special Engineering is a multi-dynamic, rapidly developing enterprise that possesses all types of technologies and equipment for designing and creating competitive high-tech products for the civil and military industries.
The main resource of KBSM is a highly qualified and efficient team. Our designers not only on paper create weaponwhich has no equal in the world, but also carries out architectural supervision of its production at dozens of the largest factories of our state, in the most difficult conditions they carry out tests at polygons of the Ministry of Defense, working out and putting the equipment into service. Over the entire history of the enterprise, more than 2000 awards have been awarded to the KBSM for the outstanding contribution to the creation of new technology, three chief designers have been awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor, seven specialists have been awarded Lenin prizes. More than sixty employees are laureates of the State Prize of the USSR, and one is the laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation. Five employees are laureates of the RF Government Prize. Due to the ongoing personnel and youth policy, at present, KBSM has developed a blend of veterans and promising specialists who are able to solve the most complex tasks and occupy leading positions in high-tech manufacturing. The technical, personnel, intellectual potential of the Design Bureau of special engineering allows you to look to the future with optimism.
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