Day of the military topographer

28
February 8 celebrate their professional holiday military topographers. This day appeared in the calendar of military holidays and dates on the basis of the order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation with the number 395 of February 2003 of the year. The then Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, Sergei Ivanov, was precisely this date for the celebration of the Day of the Military Topographer in connection with history the formation of a military topography. The fact is that 8 February (27 January) 1812, the Emperor Alexander I introduced the "Regulations on the military topographic business (depot)."

The military topographical depot (namely, the so-called service until 1863 of the year) was created under the Ministry of War. The tasks of those who were engaged in military topographic affairs in the Russian Empire included:

organization, production and scientific and methodological support of cartographic (topographic) work in the line of the military department;

collection, storage, publication of cartographic and military topographic documents (including historical ones);

conducting field studies of the area, for which special companies of military topographers were formed;

composing and publishing work.

Having existed for more than 51 of the year, the Military Topographical Depot was abolished, but this does not mean that the cross was put on the military topography in Russia. The entire functional base and all the materials collected by the staff of the structure were transferred to a special military topographic part, structurally part of the General Directorate of the General Staff.

During the existence of the Military Topographical Depot, “Notes” began to be published, which dealt with the production of reconnaissance, instrumental “shooting”, triangulation, drawing and other works. We are talking about Notes of the Military Topographical Depot, the publication of which was launched in 1837 year. Notes-reports related to the activities of the service in various buildings (Orenburg, Caucasus, Siberian). For several years, military topographers carried out truly titanic work, compiled thousands of topographic maps of various parts of the provinces: from Kherson to Grodno and Vilno, from St. Petersburg to Siberia and Transcaucasia. These reports and maps made became the content of the most valuable archive, which made it possible to take into account the accumulated information when organizing the most diverse offensive and defensive operations of the Russian army. They used the same work after the Russian Empire ceased to exist, since the accuracy and quality of the works carried out by the 19th century military topographers were at the highest level.

In the notes you can find unique documents on topographic studies of the coast of the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea, data of geographical expeditions in Siberia. There are in the archive and the military topographic map of the western part of the Russian Empire, compiled in 1848 year, as well as the most accurate topographical studies of the Crimean peninsula and other territories.

The tasks of the modern military topographic service are determined by the main defense department of Russia as follows:

creating, updating, accumulating stocks of topographic maps, catalogs of geodetic and gravimetric points, bringing them to headquarters and troops;

the production, accumulation and creation of funds of digital and electronic maps and other means of digital information about the terrain and their provision of automated troop control systems and weapons;

preparation of initial geodetic and gravimetric bases for ensuring missile launches, flights aviationfiring artillery and combat use of radio systems of various purposes;

production of special maps, photographic images of the area and other means of topographic and geodetic information and the provision of troops to them;

edition of graphic combat documents;

performance of geodetic and cartographic works of federal purpose.

Day of the military topographer


The main focus is on improving the accuracy of work to determine geospatial coordinates, which plays a crucial role not only in the process of positioning on the ground, but also when performing military operations related to striking specific targets.

The Russian Ministry of Defense formed the main center for space geodesy, navigation and cartography, as well as the main center for geospatial information. The most important role here is played by the increasing in scale Russian orbital satellite constellation. In addition, the military expedition topographic detachment, as well as units of the district and army subordination, performs its duties.

What technical tools do modern topographers use? In fact, this is a whole range of tools that allow solving problems of a topographical, geodesic, gravimetric nature.



Electronic cards are created by automated ARM-EK complexes (ARM-KR). The ARM-EK complex is used not only to create electronic maps for permanent storage slides and prints from scratch, but also for their constant updating. These are general geographical maps, city plans, classical topographic maps.

Astronomical, geodetic and gravimetric data are obtained using PNGK-1. This is a mobile navigation and geodesic complex that can be used in conjunction with the Geonika-T support system.

Modern military topographers use the PCTS digital topographic system, which is a field photogrammetric tool of five special machines.

The composition of the PTSTS ("Volynets"):

printing module PM PTsTS, made in 2-x container bodies on the vehicle chassis and one container body on the vehicle trailer chassis;

UM PTsTS universal module, made in a special container body on the vehicle chassis;

life support module MJO, made in a special container body on the chassis of the car trailer.

The modules of the system are mounted on 532361 URAL automobile chassis with KK6.2.20.1 container bodies and 2-PN-8 (ChMZAP-8335.7) trailers with KK4.2 container bodies. All modules are equipped with autonomous power supplies.



The system is designed to perform the production, updating, storage and transmission of digital and analog information about a particular area. Foreign states show great interest in PCTS due to the fact that the complex allows drawing up graphic documentation of the area with high accuracy in a relatively short time.



In a whole series of exercises conducted in various military districts of Russia, military topographers also took an active part.

"Military Review" congratulates military topographers on their professional holiday!
  • Pashkevich82 (www.yaplakal.com)
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28 comments
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  1. +5
    8 February 2015 07: 27
    My congratulations! I hope no one else has to fly around Belomor lol
    1. +1
      8 February 2015 13: 02
      on a pack of cigarettes belomor! exact map
      1. +5
        8 February 2015 16: 04
        while the enemy is making plans, we are changing landscapes ... (from the movie "DMB"). here it is, the topographer's headache laughing MEN! Happy holiday! because the army is not only the Strategic Missile Forces, the Airborne Forces, etc. but also many specialists (including you), without whom "and service is not service". today only for you! drinks
  2. wanderer_032
    +4
    8 February 2015 07: 40
    Happy holidays to you guys! Everyone needs your cards. Without them, as without hands.
    1. +7
      8 February 2015 08: 38
      I agree. I look and envy. he himself was a topographer - but this is something from the area of ​​"das ist fiction".
      and how our fathers lacked it.
  3. +5
    8 February 2015 07: 46
    Congratulations! Extremely necessary business! soldier I am convinced, because without a good card and not todes and syuds, but ... drinks
  4. +3
    8 February 2015 07: 47
    Congratulations on your professional holiday !!!!!!! Serve to the glory of Russia !!!!!!
  5. +4
    8 February 2015 07: 51
    Why do binoculars have one yellow eye and the other blaky? Have you bought it in Ukraine? wink
  6. +3
    8 February 2015 08: 23
    Congratulations, topographers !!!! And eternal memory to those who owe detailed maps of the terrain of Europe, the suburbs of Berlin in particular.
  7. Leonidych
    +1
    8 February 2015 08: 38
    compile more accurate maps of geyropa and amerdosia, coming in handy soon .....
  8. +2
    8 February 2015 08: 46
    And my sincere congratulations! For without a card, that grenade without a fuse.
  9. +3
    8 February 2015 08: 51
    Extremely necessary military specialty! The second in importance (the first - signalmen).
    Happy Holidays!
  10. +1
    8 February 2015 10: 10
    Very necessary ... very important ... I would say one of the most important specialties, though not advanced, let them not fight, but the significance is no less! Without maps, nowhere, but without accurate maps, can finally !!!! How the guys in Chechnya suffered without cards, just can not describe !!!
  11. +1
    8 February 2015 10: 46
    Happy Holidays, dear topographers! All our great Russian discoverers were also them. Keep it up!
  12. 0
    8 February 2015 10: 55
    Congratulations to my colleagues. I myself made a trapeze in the western regions of the BSSR in 1972, although we were not considered topographers, it was rather aerial photogrammetry. New equipment can be envied, everything was much simpler before.
  13. 0
    8 February 2015 11: 06
    Does anyone know how this all works? I dare to assume that they get the basic information from the satellite, and on earth their task is to carry out the binding and maybe get some additional special data ...
    1. +5
      8 February 2015 15: 55
      Quote: Neo1982
      Does anyone know how this all works?


      field photogrammetric means of five special machines


      In general, I am a civilian specialist, but the general meaning is the same: the required area of ​​the terrain is photographed so that the images overlap and form stereo pairs. Objects with precisely defined coordinates are located on the surveyed area (usually connected by theodolite lines or determined by GPS), which are then well readable on the images and allow you to link the entire array of images to the geodetic network, i.e. "plant" by coordinates. Then the images are processed using special equipment (formerly very complex optical-mechanical - stereoplanigraphs, which made it possible to immediately draw on paper with a lead in a movable carriage, now digital), which creates a 3D image, which allows you to assess the terrain, and not only in plan - 2D. Simpler and less urgent work is performed using tacheometers - devices that determine the distance to the object (he himself stands at a point with known coordinates) and the angles between it and the zeroing point (2nd point with known coordinates) and the horizon and reflector on a pole (known height + vertical angle => we get the elevation to the subject). Then the coordinates of all surveyed points are determined by the polar method - by angle and distance. In civil works, all this can replace GPS equipment (special expensive, not like a navigator in a car), but I think the military does not associate their work with the American GPS. This is, in short, more details 5 years at the university wink
      1. 0
        8 February 2015 23: 14
        Respect !!!
      2. 0
        9 February 2015 11: 39
        You must admit that the plotters, total stations and an automated system that are funny with the military are replaced in civilian life by a laptop with a set of programs, but they did not show the GLONASS station at all soldier
        Anyway, happy holiday!
  14. +2
    8 February 2015 11: 06
    "A troop trooper has trodden here!" lol
    Happy Holidays! Zero residual! Well - "Bubble in the middle!" drinks good
  15. 0
    8 February 2015 12: 06
    All military topographers on a holiday! With a summary and a check against you! What a pity that the only higher military topographical school in the world was abolished under Serdyukov.
  16. +2
    8 February 2015 12: 23
    Congratulations, colleagues! In 1986 he graduated from "training" in the Penza region, specializing in "Commander of topogeodetic department". Then - a year and a half in Azerbaijan ... Yes, there were times !!! Once again, Happy Holidays !!!
  17. 0
    8 February 2015 13: 08
    All military topographers with HOLIDAY !!!! (Zvenigorod military unit 75535 84-86)
    1. +1
      8 February 2015 20: 38
      Zvenigorod military unit 73535 autumn 83-spring 84, Frankfurt-on-Oder military unit 07694 spring 84-autumn 85
  18. +1
    8 February 2015 13: 24
    A very necessary and sought-after direction. Both existing and promising robotic systems use or will use electronic cards. The successful use of such complexes depends on you.
    So happy holiday!
  19. 0
    8 February 2015 14: 56
    Thank you for your congratulations!
  20. +5
    8 February 2015 15: 04
    Weekdays. Sunset.
  21. +2
    8 February 2015 18: 39
    Happy holiday! These guys are doing a very necessary thing.
    For some reason, in the distant 80s, at parades and training sessions at the Palace Square, for some reason, we always stood next to them with boxes of cadets from a topographical school. They rumbled horseshoes nobly. smile , it’s difficult for us to click so loudly in our shoes.
  22. +1
    8 February 2015 22: 02
    Happy Holidays guys! My favorite subject. In second place is Military History. As far as I know, there is no holiday yet - which is a pity ..
    1. 0
      9 February 2015 12: 00
      Quote: SlavaP
      Happy Holidays guys! My favorite subject. In second place is Military History. As far as I know, there is no holiday yet - which is a pity ..

      Enlighten, dear, our political officer left us as a military historian of the army, he shouldn’t report to us, but in a friendly conversation to my boss, he told me from the story that the military historian is something between an archive worker and a social security officer (military commissariat for pensions) have nothing to do, demagogues like Medinsky have nothing to do with official military historians as well as patriotic education, it’s their job to know where and when a part and other boring houses were formed, disbanded, polls, did I understand correctly?
      1. 0
        11 February 2015 20: 32
        I am without any second thoughts. I just liked the subject that I was studying. By the way, in third place - Artillery, in fourth - the Materiel of Artillery. And about the Day of the Military Historian - just a joke.
  23. 0
    8 February 2015 22: 58
    Happy holiday, colleagues!
    Yes, I’m in '85, (tearing off his shirt on his chest) I considered the Corps of the Guards of the Islamic Revolution and the Turkish Field Army according to Bradis from zone to zone.
  24. 0
    8 February 2015 23: 16
    Guys, happy holiday !!! Navigators too!
  25. 0
    9 February 2015 09: 20
    Interestingly, KTD-1 was already written off in topographic and geodetic detachments in 1989 -93, and the batteries did not breathe on them after five years. Where did this product come from, like a museum exhibit? And the sheet-cutting machine from the same opera is a very complicated technique.
  26. sv1099ak
    0
    9 February 2015 15: 14
    Happy holiday guys! He served in the military unit 05847, Zaporozhye, USSR.

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