RTO Veliky Ustyug passes sea trials in the Caspian

The third ship of the project 21631 “Buyan-M” - “Great Ustyug” - is being mastered by the Caspian sailors flotilla. This is a small missile ship, which belongs to the class of "river-sea". "Great Ustyug" was built at the enterprise "Zelenodolsk plant named after Gorky" (Republic of Tatarstan).

"Russian newspaper" reports that the crew of the ISC "Velikiy Ustyug" is fully formed. At the same time, the crew members underwent special training in Zelenodolsk, where they received important information about the efficient operation of the ship from the leading employees of the shipyard.

Now the crew of Veliky Ustyug and the transfer team of the Gorky plant are conducting sea trials of a small rocket ship in the Caspian Sea.

IRA "Veliky Ustyug" - the third ship of the specified project. Before him, all the necessary tests went through two other ships of the Buyan-M project. These are “Grad Sviyazhsk” and “Uglich”.

Until October 19, several ships of the Caspian Flotilla will be in the Azerbaijani capital with an unofficial visit. During this visit to Baku, a meeting of the command of the Caspian Flotilla with senior representatives of the Azerbaijani Navy is scheduled. Reports about it site of Zelenodolsk plant named after Gorky.

For reference.

Armament of the 21631: 8 cruise missiles (defeat range up to 500 km), the Bending P launchers, the 100-mm A-190M gun, the 12 Duo automatic artillery mount of the 30 caliber mm. In addition, in service with the MRK - machine guns caliber 14,5 and 7,62.

Comments

[cerbuk6155]

In the Caspian, we will have our own powerful naval force.

[Dazdranagon]

Quote: cerbuk6155

In the Caspian, we will have our own powerful naval force

- with the possibility of transfer, in which case, to the Black Sea!

[jjj]

I was very pleased with the news about the call of a group of ships in Baku. Visual "gunboat diplomacy". It is necessary to show from time to time who is the real owner of the Caspian

[Black Colonel]

On Black is good. But will this bot pass under the railway bridge in Rostov?

[Dazdranagon]

Quote: Black Colonel

Will this bot pass under the railway bridge in Rostov?

- the bridge is magical!

[draft]

Off topic brothers: Strelkova earned an official website:
http://www.igorstrelkov.ru/

[Anton Gavrilov]

Here is his normal photo.

[Altona]

Chic ... Just handsome! Graceful body ...

[Black Colonel]

Well, yes, the 6th Fleet will not go there now!

[Giant thought]

And with the arrival and installation of new cruise missiles with a range of 1500 km, the Caspian flotilla turns into an effective instrument of our international policy in this region.

[The Art of War]

Just not the Navy but the Navy.

[Hera7]

Great news, there would be more of them. I didn’t go to the censor for the first time, I’m shocked what they write there, they smoked someone there who knows.

[Dazdranagon]

Quote: Hera7

I went to the censor

- Th there, the Chinese have already reached Moscow?

[bistrov.]

Quote: Hera7

I’m shocked what they write there, they smoke someone there who knows.

Their moderators immediately block me and delete my comments. Russophobia and the recent curses against Putin are welcome.

[Dazdranagon]

Quote: bistrov.

Their moderators immediately block me and delete my comments. Russophobia and the recent curses against Putin are welcome.

- and the meaning of throwing beads in front of each other?

[Black Colonel]

And I was there, drank honey beer ... A similar situation. True, one period TOTAL TWO DAYS troll this pack. Then, apparently, the evil political commander came and everything fell into place.

[PAM]

they are just fluderasts, and in combination with p .. darasts - generally complete nonsense.

[VPO]

By the way, many large providers began to block this site. Censor is darkness is just black darkness. Let the dill there themselves start up without our participation. I've been blocked two hundred times already.

[Black Colonel]

Today, the stateikana appeared on VO about the crazy ukraine that psychiatrists got from the South-East. In my opinion, they are also regulars of the legendary "Censor. NO"

[Black Colonel]

Smoking is not a question. The question is, what do they smoke?

[aleks 62]

..... You don't risk your psyche like that ..... For especially impressionable and unprepared people it is forbidden !!!!! .... You can "go" ....

[Lissyara]

Small, yes. And judging by the outlines, it is hardly noticeable. I wonder what the speed is.

[bistrov.]

A good boat. It makes all aisers think, otherwise they completely lost the scent.

[Hairy Siberian]

He has German engines - four 16-cylinder MTU engines.

[ISKANDER25]

Hello Michael! That's just what it is that German, it would be better if they were Russian !!!

[Hairy Siberian]

Hello, Alexander.
It is believed that the decision on the licensed production of MTU engines led to the collapse of the plant of OAO Dieselprom in Cheboksary.

[donavi49]

Well, Russian diesel locomotives are not very good, both in terms of basic characteristics and external ones, because casting for a diesel locomotive operating on the regime is normal, and the ship’s mode is constantly changing.

Well, casting itself is bad, not only externally, but technically.

[stalkerwalker]

Quote: donavi49

Well, Russian diesel locomotives are not very good, both in terms of basic characteristics and external ones, because casting for a diesel locomotive operating on the regime is normal, and the ship’s mode is constantly changing.

This is what I like about people - these are well-established stereotypes like "Sailors are slovens and womanizers ... They brought them on a steamer, they untied the ropes, and sailed ... to songs and vodka ..."
1. Railway diesel locomotives are of two types: mainline and shunting. Shunting modes change more often due to the specifics, but mainline ones do not drive "in one gear" either.
2. Marine diesel engines operate in two main modes - shunting and running. And the so-called "overshoots" are a consequence of illiterate tuning / adjustment of the fuel equipment, as well as the operation of engines.

[73bor]

With a sharp increase in fuel supply, the turbine does not have time to spin up and incomplete combustion of fuel occurs and a black emission occurs, in general, nothing special, just on diesel engines such as D49, D45,10D100, a smooth increase in speed is recommended. This photo is more than a year old but everyone continues to procrastinate it.

[Abbra]

Speed ​​25 knots. By the way, it is also valuable because it is a "river-sea" class ship.

[Demetry]

Quote: Abbra

Speed ​​25 knots. By the way, it is also valuable because it is a "river-sea" class ship.

What's so valuable about that?
Is he intended for service on the rivers? On what? On the Volga? There we have enemy countries that are located on the Volga ?.
If not, on which rivers?
And something that his confinement "river-sea" will interfere with him in the MARINE service does not bother you?

[Black Colonel]

No, it's all in a bunch!

[gfs84]

What's so valuable about that?

The value lies in the possibility of the rapid transfer of ships of this project on their own in the waters of other seas. The logistic chain is getting shorter = mobility of troops is increasing in order to quickly build up groupings in problem areas ....

[Demetry]

Quote: gfs84

The value lies in the possibility of the rapid transfer of ships of this project on their own in the waters of other seas.

And what also prevents the transfer of ships of this displacement of the marine type? 20 cm increased sediment? Come on .... but what about other ships with more rainfall?

And yet, what is the advantage? In addition to the problems with the operation of semi-river ships in sea conditions (you are going to operate the ships intended for the Caspian in the seas and oceans. In the stormy Baltic, for example ")

[Moore]

Where did the "stormy Baltic" and "oceans" come from?
Well, yes, what is the advantage ... Unless the movement of eight launchers on one carrier in the internal, covered air defense reservoirs with the possibility of striking targets in Europe and Asia.

[Demetry]

Quote: Moore

Where did the "stormy Baltic" and "oceans" come from?

hence

Quote: gfs84

The value lies in the possibility of the rapid transfer of ships of this project on their own in the waters of other seas.

Or what kind of seas are we talking about? About the Moscow reservoir? Well, let's remember the World Cup. He is the first challenger.

[gfs84]

And what also prevents the transfer of ships of this displacement of the marine type? 20 cm increased sediment?

Please remind which ships of a purely marine class of this displacement are in service with the Russian Navy (Gadgets and Lightnings - about the 1331M I am silent, it is rather narrowly focused on the search for submarines) and what weapon systems (sorry for taftology) they are equipped with (All the same, 12411 and 12341 are more designed to repel attacks from the sea, and Buyan-M is a more versatile machine)? ..
Yes, and an additional +20 cm (in reality, 40 At the gadfly and 90 at Lightning, we don’t consider the option without screws - in this case, he also needs a tugboat) to sediment in the current state of river system forts is far from seed.

In addition to problems with the operation of semi-river ships in marine conditions

Well, as far as I remember, the Buyan project was developed taking into account its application in the open seas, if my memory serves me, there is an order for ships of this project for the Black Sea Fleet.

But how then are other ships with more rainfall being held there?

due to partial understaffing and maximum weight loss)))

[avt]

Quote: Demetry

What's so valuable about that?
Is he intended for service on the rivers? On what? On the Volga? There we have enemy countries that are located on the Volga ?.

And the fact that with the presence of practically medium-range missiles can bury along the inland waterways is no worse than a railroad strategist, and self-propelled. Here and look for it from top to bottom on the mother along the Volga, or it may wander along the Volga-Don to the Sea of ​​Azov and the Russian Sea . Yes, even in Moscow at the Khimki reservoir - here’s a radius of 2500 km, draw where it can be moored with non-export goods .Not ! Great ships! And even toothy ones that are not childish from guns to rockets are a new type of river-sea monitors.

[stalkerwalker]

Quote: avt

So look for it from top to bottom on the mother along the Volga, otherwise it may wander along the Volga-Don into the Sea of ​​Azov and the Russian Sea. Yes, even in Moscow on the Khimki reservoir - here is a radius of 2500 km

And not only...
A developed river shipping network allows the boat to be wherever you want, including the White Sea with the Northern Dvina and Onega Bay, and the White Sea-Baltic Canal ...
Moscow is a port of five seas ..

[A1L9E4K9S]

The more such beauties in the Caspian there are, the more stable the world will be along the shores of the sea, and those wishing to violate stability are not reduced.

[Hera7]

[/ quote] - Th there, the Chinese have already reached Moscow? [/ Quote]
There is science fiction in a word, I still laugh what they write there)

[Neighbor]

Handsome and "biting"

[kostyan77708]

"8 cruise missiles (range of destruction up to 500 km)" - I doubt it ... recently there was an article and discussion on this, too, and the range of these missiles was within 2500 km, it seems like this if I didn't mess anything up

[kolyasha19rus]

And let only some toad try to snoop!

[Corsair0304]

It's always nice to see such news. The Caspian, with its oil riches, and especially in light of the decisions of the Caspian states to exclude all others, is a tidbit for all the others. So the grouping of such "small but smart" ships needs to be built up and built up. Well, and more marines there, so that if anything, the platforms were defended.
5 points to the factory, designers and sailors

[bmv04636]

Here they wrote about new cruise missiles for Varshavyanka with a range of 1500 km. As I understand it, they can get on this ship.

[Aleksander]

Armament of ships of the 21631 project: 8 cruise missiles (range of destruction up to 500 km),

I read that cruise missiles can be installed on it with a range of 2 300 km without any reconstruction. And this is far from the Caspian Sea. And this is good!

[vdtomsk]

BASIC TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MRK PROJECT 21631:

displacement (total) - 949 - 950 tons;
length (greatest) - 74,1 - 75 m;
width (maximum) - 11 m;
draft on the midship - 2,5 - 2,6 m;
speed - 25 nodes;
range (with 12 knots.) - 2500 miles;
autonomy - 10 days;
crew - 52 people

ARMAMENT

1x1 - 100-mm gun mount A190-01 "Universal" with FCS "Laska"
1x2x6 - 30-mm gun mount AK-630M-2 "Duet"
2 x 14.5 mm marine machine gun mounts
UKSK (universal shipborne firing complex) 3S14 "Caliber-NK" with launcher for 8 missiles ("Caliber-NK" or "Onyx")
2 х AMS (automated self-defense module) 3M-47 "Gibka" (SAM "Igla-S")
3 x 7,62 mm machine gun.
Anti-sabotage grenade launcher.

[Roman 1977]

The Caspian Flotilla includes:
2 rocket ships (light frigates) pr. 1166.1 "Tatarstan" (commissioned to the fleet in 2002), "Dagestan" (commissioned in 2012). "Tatarstan" is armed with 8 launchers of the Kh-35 "Uranus" SCRC, "Dagestan" 8 launchers of the UKSK Kalibr-NK, which can use several types of high-precision cruise missiles against surface, underwater and coastal targets at a distance of up to 300 km. The flagship of KFL-RKO "Tatarstan" is under repair and modernization until the summer of 2015.

http://flot.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=171162

Those. only one missile launcher pr. 1166.1 - "Dagestan" can go to sea

2 MRK pr. 21631 "Buyan-M", armed with 8 launchers UKSK Caliber-NK, each.
4 small artillery ship:
3 IAC pr. 21630 "Buyan" were transferred to the fleet in 2006, 2001, 2012. respectively.
MAK-160 "Gomel" pr. 12411-T "Molniya-T". Returned to service after a complete renovation and modernization in December 2011. Received: two new main engines, modernized gas turbines, artillery weapons, communication and navigation systems.
4 missile boats:
1 pr. 12411-T "Molniya-T" - "Stupinets", transferred to the fleet in 1985, armed with 4 anti-ship missiles P-15.

3 project 206, delivered to the fleet in 1978 and 1983 (two). Presumably, a decision was made to write off and dispose of the RCA "Borovsk" and "Karachay-Cherkessia" of the project.
Thus, 2 RCA can really go to sea.
5 artillery boats:
4 projects 1204 "Shmel"
1 project 1400M "" Grif "
1 anti-sabotage boat, project 21980 "Grachonok" (transferred in 2013)
7 minesweepers (5 BTSCH + 2 RTSCH):
2 project 1265 "Yakhont",
2 project 10750 "Sapphire",
1 project 1258 "Korund",
2 Ave. 697ТБ (РТЩ).
6 landing craft:
1 project 1176 "Shark" (1999),
1 project 21820 "Dugong" (2010)
4 project 11770 "Serna" (2000, 2002, 2005, 2008).
Total surface ships: 31. The average fleet age at 2014 year is 18,5 years.
Aggregate missile salvo: 42 anti-ship missiles = 8 "Uran" ("Tatarstan") + 8 "Caliber-NK" ("Dagestan") + 16 "Caliber-NK" (MRK pr.21631) + 4 P-15 (RSA pr. 12411T) + 6 P-15 (RCA pr.206).
This year, the fleet should include the MRK pr. 21631 "Veliky Ustyug", which is passing the GKhI in the Caspian Sea, 2 DKA pr. 11770 "Serna" (they wintered in Gorodets, left for the Caspian Sea, an acceptance certificate has already been signed for one). From auxiliary: rescue tugboat "SBS-45" pr. 22870 (acceptance certificate was signed on June 27) and floating crane ship "VTR-79", which became part of the flotilla on August 1; 3 harbor boats of complex rescue support "RVK-933", "RVK-946", "RVK-1045". Some of the ships with CFLs began to be transferred to other fleets: so last year the newest RCA-R-32 pr. 12421 was transferred to the BF (transferred to the fleet in 2000), this year the Black Sea Fleet was transferred, built for CFL PrDK pr. 21980 "Grachonok" and DKA pr.11770 "Serna".

[Roman 1977]

The following naval forces in the Caspian Sea are Iran:
The Damawand frigate is the second Iranian-built frigate of the Jamaran class (Moudge program, or Mowj - موج - "Wave") and is actually a modified and simplified copy of the small frigates of the British export project Vosper Mk 5 developed in the 60s, 4 units of which were built in the UK according to 1965 contract for the Iranian Navy as a Saam type (Alvand). Displacement: 1420 tons. Length - 94,5 m, width - 11,1 m, draft - 3,25 m. Power plant - 2 gas turbine units (20000 hp), 4 diesel generators (4x550 kV). Speed ​​- 28 knots. Crew - 120-140 people. Armament: 4 Noor anti-ship missiles - a copy of the Chinese C-802 (YJ-82) anti-ship missile system, which in turn is a copy of the French Exocett, 4 SM-1 anti-aircraft missile systems (a copy of the American RIM-66A Standard), 1 76-mm AU Fajr -27 (copy of the Italian OTO Melara), 1x1 40mm Fath-40 (copy of the Swedish Bofors L70), 2x1 20mm Oerlikon GAM-B01, 2x3 324mm TA, runway for Bell 214ASW helicopter.

It was launched on 17.03.2013/17/21631. On July XNUMX, the GKHI began, presumably it will enter the fleet by the end of the year. Our "Dagestan" and MRK pr.XNUMX can easily kill this "destroyer" right in the port.
2 RCA of the Sina project: Paykan (2003 g.) And Joshan (2006 g.). Displacement: 275 t. Copy of the French La Combattante II. Length - 47 m, width - 7,1 m, draft - 2 m. EU - 4-shaft, 4 diesel, 14400 hp Speed ​​- 36 knots Crew - 31 people Armament: 4 anti-ship missiles S-802 (YJ-82); 1 76 mm AC Fajr-27, 1 40 mm AC Fath-40.

Light corvette "Hamzeh". Displacement: 580 tons. The modernized Dutch ship built in 1936 (Boelle Yard, Bolnes) is a former Shah's yacht. Transferred to the Navy in 1965. Length - 54 m, width - 7,65 m, draft - 3,25 mm. EU - two Stork diesels, 2600 hp Speed ​​- 15 knots. Armament: 4 C-802 anti-ship missile launchers, 20-mm Oerlikon GAM-B01 automatic weapons, 2 large-caliber machine guns.

Thus, the total salvo of the Iranian Navy in the Caspian Sea is 16 missiles = 4 from the frigate Damawand + 8 from the RCA + 4 from the "Hamzeh".
In addition, Iran can easily transfer to the Caspian in the event of an aggravation of the situation, small diesel-electric submarines Ghadir-21 units. (displacement 120 tons, 2 TA) or Yugo-4 units (displacement 90 tons, 2 TA), and light RCA Peykaap- 74 units. (displacement 98 / 148 tons; armament of 2 launchers of anti-ship missiles Kowsar, 1 40-MM AU, 2 heavy machine guns)
Iran is building in Bandar Anzeli on the Caspian Sea its own Fateh-class diesel-electric submarine, intended for the Navy of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, and which will become the first more or less "full-fledged" Iranian-built submarine. The boat has an underwater displacement of about 600 tons and a length increased to 48 m.

[Roman 1977]

Azerbaijan has a fairly large, but at the same time the weakest fleet on the Caspian Sea, so it does not have a single ship with missile weapons:
The flagship is the SKR G-121 Gusary, the former SKR pr. 159A SKR-16 Bakuets. The TFR underwent a complete overhaul with the replacement of the propulsion system. Also, during the repair, 400-mm torpedo tubes and RBU-6000 were removed, and two 30-mm AK-230 assault rifles were installed behind the wheelhouse.

12 patrol boats:
former RCA "R-173" of the KVF of the Soviet Navy, pr.205. The anti-ship missile containers were dismantled from the ship and the guard was transferred.

4 patrol boats of 205 ave. Of the former Baku border brigade of the PSKR MCHPV KGB of the USSR. The ships were partially disarmed (removed by the TCA) and are part of the Azerbaijan’s BOHR.

patrol ship "R-212" - the former ship of radiation-chemical reconnaissance project 1388R (KRKh-1)
3 former training ships of the UK-3 project (Polish construction).
2 patrol ship Ave. 722, Polish built.

patrol ship former rescue boat ave. 368U.
former Turkish Navy patrol boat handed over to Azerbaijan.
4 Minesweeper:
2 base minesweepers of project 1265 "Yakhont"
2 basic rammers of project 1258 "Corundum"
6 landing craft:
4 medium landing craft ave. 770 and 771
2 small landing craft ave.106К
In addition, after the collapse of the USSR, Azerbaijan received ultra-small submarines (group carriers of combat swimmers) of the Triton-1M and Triton-2 types (it is planned to be repaired in Croatia), as well as individual underwater vehicles for reconnaissance divers.
However, Azerbaijan is trying to build up its Navy. So, on July 18 this year, President Ilham Aliyev of Azerbaijan attended the opening of a new shipbuilding plant of the Coast Guard of the State Border Service of Azerbaijan, built in the Baku village of Turkan. The company has already assembled two patrol boats of the Shaldag Mk V type built by the Israeli company Israel Shipyards. The assembled boats have side numbers S-301 (this boat is at the stage of sea trials) and S-302 (on July 18 was prepared for launching). Shaldag Mk V-type boats built for Azerbaijan are armed with a Rafael Typhoon tank remotely controlled automatic installation (presumably using one 23-mm automatic gun 2-14 from the ZU-23-2 installation), two remotely controlled Rafael Mini units with 12,7-mm machine guns -mm machine guns, and presumably a four-shot launcher of the Rafael Spike-NLOS missile system.

[Roman 1977]

Turkmenistan has recently greatly increased its navy, taking third place in terms of their potential in the Caspian. As part of the Turkmen Navy:
2 missile boats of the 1241.8 project, each armed with 16 anti-ship missiles X-35. Transferred to 2011 year.

8 fast patrol boats of the NTPB project (total ordered by 12) are being built in Turkmenistan according to the Turkish project at the shipbuilding and ship repair plant in Ufra in Turkmenbashi (formerly Krasnovodsk). Displacement 400 tons, length 55,75 meters, 40-mm twin tower automatic artillery Oto Melara Twin Compact.

4 AMB type high-speed patrol boats. They are built according to the Turkish project, in total 12 units have been ordered.
2 Russian-built patrol boats of the Sobol type (transferred in 2009)
2 patrol boats pr. 1400T "Grif-T" of Ukrainian construction.

1 Ukrainian-built Kalkan-M patrol boat.

1 Point Jackson patrol boat transferred to USA
1 landing craft of an unknown type of Russian construction.
Thus, according to the sum of the missile salvo, the Turkmen Navy is equal to the Iranian Navy and completely surpasses the Azerbaijani Navy, but does not include large ships.

[Roman 1977]

Kazakhstan has the weakest Navy in the region:
2 missile and artillery boats of project 250 Bars-MO. The lead boat "Kazakhstan", launched in April 2012 and commissioned in December 2012, is 46 meters long, the standard displacement of the missile and artillery ship is 240 tons, and the highest speed is 28-30 knots; armament consists of a tank 25-mm twin artillery mount 2M-3M, 23-mm twin anti-aircraft artillery mount ZU-23, as well as a 12-barrel 122-mm launcher MLRS.

The first serial "Oral" was launched on April 30, 2013 and commissioned on December 3, 2013. On "Oral" the composition of weapons has been changed - a tank 30-mm six-barreled artillery mount AK-306 was installed, as well as two complexes developed by the Ukrainian State Enterprise "State Kiev Design Bureau" Luch "- a turret launcher" Arbalet-K "with four MANPADS missiles" Igla "and the Barrier-VK missile system with four laser-guided anti-tank guided missiles RK-2V, as well as the Ukrainian weapons control system" Kaskad-250 ". The third ship of the project" Saryarka "(named after the steppe region of Central Kazakhstan, Russian scientific name - Kazakh Melkosopochnik), built at the "Ural plant" Zenith ", which is part of JSC" National Company "Kazakhstan Engineering" launched on May 7 this year. The ship is expected to enter the Navy of Kazakhstan by the end of the year. Armament "Saryarka "similar to the ship" Oral ".

Next year, the missile and artillery ship "Super Bars" was ordered
The 1 South Korean-built Sea Dolphin patrol boat was received in the 2006 year.

4 landing craft of American construction, received in 2009 year.
On July 11 this year in Uralsk at Uralsky Zavod Zenit JSC, the head high-speed patrol boat "Karaganda" (board number "308") of the new project 0210 (code "Aybar"), intended for the state border service of Kazakhstan, was launched.

2 road minesweepers of project 10750E have been ordered (the first was laid down in 2013, the second was laid down on July 31 this year, the minesweepers are to be transferred in 2015). In May 2012, the Ministry of Defense of Kazakhstan, the National Company Kazakhstan Engineering JSC and the European companies MBDA and INDRA Sistemas signed an agreement on the acquisition of a coastal defense system for the Kazakh Navy based on the family of the Exocet MM40 Block 3 anti-ship missile. It is planned to purchase 6 missile-artillery ships pr. 21632 "Tornado" based on MRK pr. 21631.

[Akvadra]

The sea river can quickly find itself on any flank. And with such weapons, this is a serious argument!

[Constructor1]

The long-forgotten feeling that I live in a strong power is returning!
In which there are many not only forests, fields and rivers, but also a worthy army and navy are rejoiced!

[Hyperboreec]

Well done. Hooray.

[Hyppopotut]

You can transfer to the Black Sea, and there the great river Dnieper.

[Iskander 090]

normal ship for Caspian

[Wiruz]

Well, at least ships for the Caspian are built without problems. Like clockwork

[Prager]

7 feet under the keel! smash enemies for the glory of Russia!

[cachekmosa]

as Ustinov once said - RTOs are a pistol at the temple of imperialism. Guys, seven feet under the keel.