Include the Federal Law 1.1 March 13 of the Year N 1995-ФЗ in Article 32 “On Days of Military Glory and Memorable Dates of Russia” (Collection of Laws of the Russian Federation, 1995, N 11, 943 Art. 2005, N 30, 3109 Art. 2007 , N 10, Art. 1149; N 44, Art. 5279) change, stating it as follows:
"Article 1.1. Memorable dates of Russia
The following Russian memorable dates are set in the Russian Federation:
January 25 - Russian Students' Day;
April 12 - Cosmonautics Day;
June 22 - Day of Remembrance and Grief - the day of the start of World War II (1941 year);
29 June - Day of the partisans and underground fighters;
September 3 - Solidarity Day in the fight against terrorism;
November 7 - October Revolution Day 1917;
December 9 - Day of the Heroes of the Fatherland;
December 12 - Constitution Day of the Russian Federation. ".
Article 2
The cost of carrying out events dedicated to the memorial of Russia, provided for by paragraph five of the 1.1 article of the Federal Law of March 13 1995 of the year N 32-ФЗ "On Days of Military Glory and Memorable Dates of Russia" (as amended by this Federal Law), is funded by the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets, as well as extrabudgetary funds and voluntary (including earmarked) contributions and donations from individuals and legal entities in accordance with Article 6 of the said Fe the law of the act.
Article 3
This federal law enters into force on January 1, 2010.
President of the Russian Federation D. MEDVEDEV.
The appearance of this day in the calendar of military dates of Russia - restoration historical justice, because partisans and underground workers during the years of World War II made an invaluable contribution to the defeat of the enemy who entered our land.
The date of June 29 was not chosen by chance. It was on this day 73 a year ago (already a week after the start of World War II - 29 June 1941) that the directive of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the CPSU (B) came into being, which directly concerned the formation of a partisan movement on Soviet territory.
From directive:
... to form guerrilla groups and sabotage groups to fight parts of the enemy army, to incite guerrilla war everywhere and everywhere, to blow up bridges, roads, damage telephone and telegraph communications, arson warehouses, creating intolerable conditions for the enemy and all his accomplices, to pursue and destroy them at every turn, tearing down all their activities.
And 5 September 1942 of the year appears the order of I.V. Stalin, which regulates specific tasks for partisan and underground movements.
From the order of Stalin:
I order:
1. In order to disrupt rail traffic and disrupt regular transportation in the enemy's rear, arrange railway accidents by all means, undermine railway bridges, blow up or burn station facilities, blow up, burn and shoot locomotives, wagons, and tanks at stations and sidings. At railway wrecks, destroy manpower, equipment, fuel, ammunition and other goods, as well as the surviving locomotives and wagons. On highway and unpaved roads to undermine and burn bridges, viaducts, destroy gati and other artificial structures. Destroy transports that transport ammunition and fuel. Horses to steal. If it is impossible to use weapons, transports and goods, make them useless by all possible means.
2. Whenever possible, exterminate military garrisons, headquarters and institutions, detachments of troops, separately the following officers and soldiers, guard transports and warehouses.
3. Destroy warehouses and bases of weapons, ammunition, fuel, food and other property, garages and repair shops.
4. Destroy communication lines on railways, highways and dirt roads, destroy communications equipment, cut and carry away wires, cut down and burn telegraph poles, destroy radio stations and their service personnel.
5. Attack enemy airfields and destroy airplanes, hangars, bombs and fuel depots, as well as destroy the flight-technical structure and protection of airfields.
In total, the order contains 10 points, at the end of which literally the following is said:
The combined actions of the Red Army and the partisan movement, the enemy will be destroyed..
The role of the partisan and underground movement during the Great Patriotic War was simply enormous. Thanks to the activity of the partisans, the Hitlerite units could not feel safe, being even hundreds of kilometers from the front. Partisan detachments in the Bryansk region, in Belarus, in the Ukraine, and in other territories inflicted on the German fascist troops substantial damage both in manpower and in military equipment. The activity of the partisans did not allow for an unimpeded supply of the troops of Nazi Germany and its allies.
For the German soldiers, policemen and their minions, the partisans turned out to be a real Damocles sword, which not only was brought over their heads, but also often delivered devastating blows.
Hungarian paramilitary units were actively involved in anti-partisan punitive operations. Hungarian infantry brigades together with the German battalions from September 17 to October 3 1941, participated in the battles against the Bryansk partisans and the Soviet fighters who failed to leave the encirclement. Punitive operations were also carried out in relation to the civilian population suspected of having links with partisans, up to the liberation of these territories from invaders.
From the stories of residents of the Bryansk region, caught up in the zone of occupation. A resident of the Sevsky district V. Mazerkova (GARF materials, L-564) (the style, punctuation and spelling of the original source are preserved):
When they saw the men of our village, they said that they were partisans. And the same number, i.e. 20 / V-42 seized my husband Maserkov Sidor Borisovich and 1862 and my son Maserkov Alexey Sidorovich, 1927 was born and tortured, and after these tortures they tied their hands and threw them in a hole, then lit the straw and burned them in a potato pit. On the same day, they are not only my husband and son, they also burned 67 men.
A resident of the Sevsky district of the Bryansk region E. Vedeshina (GARF materials, L-488) (the style, punctuation and spelling of the original source are preserved):
That was in May of the 28 Day 42 of the year. I and almost all the inhabitants went to the forest. There were these thugs following. They are in our place where we (unintelligible) with our people shot and tortured 350 people including my children were tortured, daughter Nina 11 years, Tonya 8 years, little son Vitya 1 year and son Kohl of five years. I stayed alive under the corpses of my children.
In the period from 17 of September to 3 of October 1941, indicated above, the punitive detachments of Hungarians and Germans lost more than 3,5 thousands of servicemen in the battles against the Bryansk partisans. The total losses of the fascist German troops as a result of the activities of the Bryansk partisans is estimated at tens of thousands.
248 guerrillas both in the years and after its completion received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Two (Sidor Kovpak and Aleksey Fedorov) became Twice Heroes of the Soviet Union. More 9 people who participated in the activities of partisan detachments were awarded the titles Hero of Russia (many - posthumously) in the period from 1994 to 2007 year.
In 2014, the 95 anniversary of the birth of Vera Voloshin, the Hero of Russia. Vera Voloshin in 1941, as part of a reconnaissance group, was abandoned in the German rear in the Volokolamsk area, along with Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. Both girls accepted death at the hands of the Nazis on the same day 29 in November 1941 of the year in different localities: Vera in Golovkovo, Zoya in the village of Petrishchevo.
From the book of G. Frolov and I. Frolova “Muscovites-partisans - Heroes of the Fatherland”:
They brought her, poor, by car to the gallows, and there the loop dangles in the wind. Around the Germans gathered, there were many. And our prisoners who worked behind the bridge were driven. The girl was in the car. At first it was not visible, but when the side walls were lowered, I gasped. She lies, poor thing, in one underwear, and even then it is torn, and covered in blood. Two Germans, thick with such black crosses on their sleeves, got into the car, wanted to help her up. But the girl pushed the Germans away and, clinging to the cabin with one hand, rose. Her second hand was apparently slaughtered - hung like a whip. And then she started talking. At first she spoke something, see, in German, and then, became in our way.
“I,” he says, “do not fear death.” My comrades will take revenge for me. We will still win. You will see!
And the girl sang. And you know what song? The one that is sung at meetings every time and played on the radio in the morning and late at night.
- Internationale?
- Yes, this very song. And the Germans stand and listen silently. The officer who commanded the execution shouted something to the soldiers. They threw a noose around the neck of the girl and jumped off the car. The officer ran up to the chauffeur and gave the command to touch. And he sits, turned white all, you see, not used to hanging more people. The officer grabbed the revolver and shouted something to the chauffeur in his own way. Apparently, he swore very much. He seemed to wake up, and the car started off. The girl still managed to shout, so loudly that my blood froze in my veins: "Goodbye, comrades!" When I opened my eyes, I saw that she was already hanging.
She was 22 of the year.
100 years this year marks the birth of the guerrilla detachment in the Bryansk region, Belorussian and Ukrainian SSR Vladimir Bondarenko. Vladimir Illarionovich - Hero of the Soviet Union, holder of the Order of Lenin (titles were given posthumously). Vladimir Bondarenko took part in the destruction of a total of 16 German military echelons. In July-August 1943 alone, the Bondarenko squad destroyed the enemy's 250 soldiers. Vladimir Illarionovich died in a battle near the village of Berezichi in Volyn. He covered the retreat of his comrades in the detachment, who was ambushed by the enemy.
In the town of Orekhovo-Zuyevo (Moscow region), where Vladimir Bondarenko lived before the war, the street and the roadway are named in his honor.
The day of the partisans and underground fighters is at the same time a bright and sorrowful page of the calendar. Honoring the living, we do not forget about those who laid down their heads for the freedom and independence of our country, who defended the right to live on their land.
On this day, the information portal "Military Review" heartily congratulates veterans of the Great Patriotic War, who were fighters of partisan detachments and activists of the underground. I wish all these heroic people and their close relatives good health and well-being!