A round table on the prospects of the country's aerospace defense was held in the State Duma. The relevance of the topic is obvious, said the chairman, State Duma deputy (Communist Party faction), member of the State Duma Committee on Defense Vyacheslav Tetekin. Despite the fact that the concept of aerospace defense was adopted eight years ago, there is a decision to create an EKR Army, there is still uncertainty in terms of their status. As Vyacheslav Tetekin explained, the controversy continues: whether the East-Kazakhstan region should be left as a branch of troops or included in the Air Force, which was done with the air defense system, and create a monster that “would follow everything flying by American design”. There is a third point of view: it is necessary to create a separate type of Armed Forces. It is expressed and substantiated by most military experts, including participants in the round table organized by the State Duma. On the basis of its materials and evaluations, an analytical note is being prepared, sent to the Supreme Commander, the Minister of Defense, other interested persons and departments. Readers of the newspaper "MIC" have the opportunity to learn the opinions of the participants in the discussion.
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The question, of course, is very serious. It is clear that the inclusion of EKR in the Air Force is another attempt to cross a hedgehog with a snake. You can not do this. Why?
The answer is very simple, you just need to understand the conceptual apparatus.
That's what is written in the encyclopedia, it was composed of sensible people who know what the Air Force is. Read: Air Force designed to strike at aviation, land and sea groups, administrative-political and industrial centers of the enemy in order to disorganize the state, as well as for air reconnaissance and transportation, and so on.
If we talk about the purpose of aerospace defense, it is to protect objects that are key forms of preserving the country's economy from being hit by an aerospace enemy. Without the rear, victory will not be won in any battle.Considering the evolution of the development of offensive and defensive forces, we have long been saying: today, air and space are a single sphere of warfare. Such a theater of war was dictated to us not by anyone, but by the enemy. We will not have time to open our mouths, as it will be full of land, if we fail to somehow localize the global blow. Is it really unclear to us, military people, that those tens of thousands of cruise missiles that are prepared will be bombarded by us. And today I must hunt not only for bombers, but also for those who will launch missiles that can be aimed at our facilities as well. And if on earth a battle can go on for days, then the question is solved in seconds or in minutes at most.
What is the air defense of the Ground Forces, of course, the air defense of the sea fleet - also. And what is the air defense of the air force?
Back in 1941, in May, at the meeting of the extended politburo, when discussing how we are ready for battle, Zhukov reported, and Stalin, summing up, said: “As for the Air Defense Forces, you should consider this question and assess what the condition is. Bad - can not be. Why? Because the country's economy must be protected from an air enemy, and the Chief of the General Staff with the People's Commissar of Defense report to me weekly. ” In the same year, on November 9, the State Defense Committee issued a resolution to improve the air defense system. Air defense stands out as a separate branch of service for those moments, later it is a type of the Armed Forces. Appointed by the commander of the air defense of the country, which is on the status, as it is written in the decree, the Deputy Commissar of Defense, that is, Stalin's deputy for air defense. Next comes the formation of forces. January 22 aviation, operating under operational control, is fully transferred to the air defense of the country. This is a half thousand aircraft. Moreover, the 5 of April of 1942 was established by a resolution of the State Defense Committee operational-strategic associations: the Moscow air defense zone becomes the front, and the air defense armies are formed in Leningrad and Baku. Logically, everything was done perfectly right. And already four air defense fronts ended the war.
Now everything is rolling in the opposite direction. It turns out some heap-small. What will be the purpose of aerospace forces, what are they for, for example, I can not understand.
I will say a simple folk language. A virus has appeared - an antivirus is immediately created. And the struggle begins - who is who. We also put both - the Air Force and Air Defense. I see neither logic nor system in either case.
Anatoly Hyupenen
Saved on majors - we lose strategically
The past 8 May exercises under the leadership of the Minister of Defense demonstrated everything that the Russian Federation currently has. The strategic nuclear forces worked beyond all praise, the missile defense fulfilled its tasks perfectly, not to mention the missile warning system.
All this was created under the strategic nuclear forces of our opponents. This refers to the United States, France, England. Here are three countries that have missiles capable of reaching our territory either from the waters of the World Ocean or from the continental part.
There have been no particular changes in the enemy’s methods of action in the field of the use of intercontinental ballistic missiles. Why is the question so acute? It seems to me that the current leadership, which is in the composition of the High Command Committee, in the Ministry of Defense, in the General Staff, is afraid to admit that the previously existing air defense system was a model. Everyone understands: to protect their country, people, economic potential, to preserve the Armed Forces is possible only through the centralization of control.
I will give an example. Four years ago, in Alabino, we were shown the technique of an automated control system down to the highest levels and scrolled through the model of organizing combat. Being at the workplace of the front commander, believe me, I could not understand, although at that time I was still not far away from the service, to understand this mess, what was going on. Where are the bridges destroyed, where are the casualties, where the equipment is disabled, where are the breakthroughs, where is the offensive, where is the retreat? And then there is still the need to deal with air defense facilities. Where there is, when before you the threat of physical destruction by fire weapons. The commander does not have time for this, he is not a machine, not a supercomputer, but an ordinary person who must react to the changes that are taking place.
We often nod at Americans. What if they are ripe for tomorrow to create a clean air defense ... And we will immediately begin to reorient. But we have a different strategic position, not to mention the geographical. We are stretched to 10 time zones, try to drive such a colossus while in the Air Force.
My opinion: someone's ambitions are not satisfied. Someone sees that his official administrative position may fall, since he has no troops, and a hectic activity begins, as if to back up his place with the governing bodies: armies, divisions, branches of service, and create some kind of monster. But we have to think about the defense of the country.
What will be more effective: stay in the composition of this porridge from the Air Force, VKS, Air Defense, RKO or a concentration on the solution of certain tasks?
I understand the current military. They exist within the framework of orders, this is correct, they should be so, otherwise the army would not exist. But we are in the State Duma, which should not be guided by the opinion of the Minister of Defense, the Chief of the General Staff or the Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force and all the rest.
Correctly, Anatoly Ivanovich Hyupenen said: our country may be bombarded with cruise missiles, and this situation will worsen every year. You can not relax.
There were eight thousand officers in the army, six general posts. Downgraded categories. Now there is one general post. What is the gain from the fact that fewer majors, lieutenant colonels? Yes, they lost more, because a military man has no incentive to grow. Broke a social elevator. Military people are not careerists. But career is one of the components. And how will you break through, be at least seven genius in the forehead, if there is one general for seven thousand people? I remember an old joke: in the Air Force, 40-year-old senior lieutenant resigns from his post and is written in his attestation: "Inclined to careerism." We are now in the army RKO same. Will be dismissed in the position of captain maximum. What state will lose from two to three thousand rubles for each person? Never mind. Will win only. The officers will be more active, they will begin to treat the service more toothy.
Dismembered army rocket and space defense. As you know, its components were the missile attack warning system, the anti-missile defense of Moscow and the Moscow industrial region against strategic missiles, the space monitoring system and the anti-space defense. Gorbachev unilaterally imposed a moratorium on anti-space defense systems. The stock of missiles and satellite interceptors is down the drain. By the way, the Americans had nothing of the kind. But the three systems remained, and they are functionally connected. PRO and KKP generally work on the same algorithm, in automatic mode.
Why combine the ununitable? It's impossible. The 9 division was pulled out, but it continues to work as before, in the unified control system of the rocket-space defense. As she worked on this warning system, she continues, as she participated in all the activities related to the training, preparation, combat use plan, the way it is happening now. But organizationally they took it and stuck it in “clean” air defense. What a hangover? The desire - I emphasize once again - to prop up someone’s seat with structures in order to look more important, more powerful, so that you can grow in service. That's all.
Anatoly Sokolov
Completely different tasks.
I agree with the previous speakers: we really had an aerospace defense system, a powerful Soviet system. She was “reformed,” as is our fashion. But not yet combined with the Air Force, it still existed.
Someone wise said: "So that you suffer, so that you live in the age of reforms." Unfortunately us story teaches nothing.
When there were Americans in our academy, I gave them an introductory lecture “Air defense system in operations”. They said: hats off, we have nothing like that. And we destroy it all with our own hands.
You look reconnaissance. Only in the first massive strike will there be enough cruise missiles that we will choke, we will not have enough target channels. While they still have, while we can still adequately respond.
But where are we going? Air defense almost collapsed. The Air Force also did not resist. If we continue to do this mindless reformation, everything can end in a lot of blood.
Why is it undesirable to combine the Air Force and Air Force? As a military man and as a professional I will say: they have completely different tasks. When the pilots say they work in space, they are cunning. And if the tasks are different, it means that there is not and cannot be a single management. And without it, nothing will heal. The most important thing is management.
We need two kinds. Powerful Air Force - shock view. And air defense, aerospace defense - aerospace defense, because it is a single sphere now.
What is the beginning of any regional conflict today? From the air. And we will not get away from this. Who will start first? VKO or air defense, somehow call it.
This is a single area, and one person must make decisions.
I’m not going to talk about an instant global strike, you all know what it is. If the aerospace defense system is not ready for it, nothing will remain in Russia. Then you have to run through the woods, collect men with pitchforks, with shovels ...
They say the United States does not have an air defense system. Yes, they do not need it there, it is necessary here in Europe. After all, none of our aircraft will reach, God forbid, that some long-range aviation would work and the "hello" cruise missiles would carry ... But they still have the RCM, it covers the north of the United States and the Canadian sector. And we destroy what we have, without having calculated.
And the last. I very much want military science to have its say in this question - only honest, not leaning on one side or the other.
Alexander Gerasimov
Duty forces do not fight
It seems to me that the Armed Forces in the person of the ministry, the General Staff, and the Main Commissars are a small communal apartment. As soon as the tenant changes, the redevelopment begins: this wall is there, the entrance is in another place.
I want to once again emphasize the milestones that we have passed over several decades of the existence of the sovereign state of Russia.
1993 year: there were already dissertations, official views, and regulations on aerospace defense approved by the President of the Russian Federation. Are they done? Not.
2006 year: finally born concept of aerospace defense. Are her requirements taken into account? Made her suggestions? No and no.
At the same time, the decision was announced by the Chief of the General Staff Anatoly Vasilyevich Kvashnin at the Air Force Military Council, he even raised the special forces commander Yury Vasilyevich Solovyov and told him: "You are the head of the aerospace defense system." Done it? Not performed.
2012 year: created a branch of the aerospace defense forces. The case was entrusted to General Ostapenko, Commander of the East Kazakhstani Armed Forces. Successfully reported that created. What is the result? They created what was with us and before us. But again, as in a communal apartment, they took a component from the past and were simply divided. For what purpose? Why change the control system, complicate it and increase the responsibility for aerospace defense?
Now it seems in the media that a provision has been approved to create a new type of aerospace forces. They did not fulfill either the first, or the third, or the fourth, but we are already creating something completely new, not confirmed by the calculations of science, uncalculated, only discussed within the walls of the General Staff and, apparently, in the Ministry of Defense. And it is served by the Supreme Commander.
Yes, you excuse me, this is just a crime by and large. If the military deceives, the state can lose its sovereignty. But already seen such moments.
Did science, industry, which are engaged in development, asked whether these structures are able to create what was reported to the president? I deeply doubt that there will be a scientist or designer who will say: yes, we can do it. But it is precisely today that decisions need to be made that determine the control loops and weapons systems, which, perhaps, will appear in 20 – 30 years.
What changes have occurred, in my opinion, in the field of warfare. The order of action in space and airspace has not changed fundamentally, another thing is the characteristics of those weapons systems that are already coming into service and will be improved in the near future.
That is, it would be right to create a system of warfare already on new principles, with enhanced characteristics, which will make it possible to withstand with high efficiency the means of aerospace attack.
There are no other views, no other approaches, except the vision in the aerospace defense system of the components mentioned. Everything should be: intelligence, and a shock system, and control with software, and training as well.
But at the same time, it seems to me, at present, some principles and laws of warfare are becoming most relevant. This, in my opinion, is the centralized management of the forces and means that should participate in repelling enemy strikes, concentrating efforts both in the air and in space, and most importantly - sole responsibility.
And if you look who is responsible for what now. For Moscow, of course, one person is responsible - the commander of the Aerospace Defense Forces. But at the same time, he is responsible for both the east and the west, and there the forces and means are subordinate to the military districts.
The Commander of the Aerospace Defense Forces, only duty personnel are in operational control. But they are not fighting. Only provide a peaceful existence and cover the border. And only if necessary, in the future is the operational-strategic deployment of troops.
In conclusion, a sentence. Maybe the General Staff should conduct a simulation of the deployment of hostilities of all types and types of troops? To plant everyone: the President - the Supreme Commander, the Minister, the Chief of the General Staff and turn on the computer in front of them. Here, comrades, the event according to the first variant will unfold. What do you need a blow? Global? You are welcome. How to increase the strength and efforts of the Ground Forces? How the fleet increases its combat readiness, like the Air Force ... See, evaluate. Such a model to show and draw some conclusions from here.
It is necessary to urgently submit these questions to a meeting of the Security Council inviting key persons who will make decisions not only in the area of warfare, but also to ensure the development of equipment, armaments, etc., including leading designers, scientists , organizers of production.
And another thing: there is a wish that we pray every day to the Lord God and our president, that no reform should touch the Strategic Missile Forces, otherwise a catastrophe.