We build a long, expensive, poor quality
The readers of the “VPK” weekly are invited to speak at the meeting of the expert council of the State Duma Committee on Industry on the theme “Prospects for the development of the shipbuilding industry in the context of the state program“ Developing shipbuilding for 2013 – 2030 years ”3 April 2014.
Money is used inefficiently.
We hold a joint meeting of the expert council under the State Duma Committee on Industry and on the Development of Enterprises of the Military-Industrial Complex and High-Tech Industry. Also present is the Public Council under the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, the Committee on the Defense Industry of the Russian Engineering Union, the Committee on the Improvement of Legislation in the Field of the Defense Industrial Complex and the High-Tech Industry of the League of Defense Enterprises.
We have a very important and serious topic - “Prospects for the development of the shipbuilding industry in the context of the state program“ Development of shipbuilding for 2013 – 2030 years ”and the development strategy of the United Shipbuilding Corporation. We will also try to touch on the aspects of legislative support.
When we started to prepare this event, the configuration of the state border of our country was somewhat different, but the problems that, unfortunately, accompany the activities of the United Shipbuilding Corporation (USC), have now changed little. And so we decided to invite to this meeting a very wide range of participants - these are members of the Federation Council, representatives of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Defense, the Commission of the MIC, the Maritime Board, the Prosecutor General’s Office, the Accounts Chamber, and representatives of various structures and organizations.
In addition, we believe that the participation of trade unions is important. And we are grateful that they responded. The program must also be adjusted to reflect the new opportunities that the Russian Federation has gained through the reunification of the Crimean territories with Russia, there are remarkable shipbuilding facilities, but more for ship repair, instrument-making. And of course, our task is to use this potential.
Therefore, I welcome the leaders of the shipbuilding enterprises of the Crimea: Valery Mikhailovich Belozerova (Zaliv plant), Konstantin Eduardovich Kartoshkin (general director of the Sevastopol marine plant), Vitaly Vyriyevich Krivenko (More shipyard), Nikolai Yuryevich Kuzmenko (Zaliv shipbuilding plant)) Sergey V. Posokhov (Fregat Marine Plant).
We hope that he will join our work, he promised to be, Sergey Pavlovich Tsekov, the representative of the Republic of Crimea in the Federation Council.
I want to thank everyone for responding to the invitation, and I propose to build our work as follows. Alexey Lvovich Rakhmanov, Deputy Minister of Industry, will give an introductory word and set the pace and vector of our discussion. Then we will hear the information of the Deputy Head of USC, Sergei Ivanovich Gaydardzhi, Vice President for Financial Control.
Many have already expressed the desire to speak in the discussion of issues. All of them give the floor. I think that there will be more interested. Therefore, I ask to be concise, specific. And I am also sure that representatives of the Accounts Chamber, the Prosecutor General’s Office, the MIC Commission and the Maritime Collegium will share interesting information with us.
We believe that within two hours it would be desirable to complete our work. Therefore, I propose to establish the following rules of our meeting. We give the keynote speakers up to ten minutes, information, speeches on the issues discussed - five minutes, references and additions - three minutes.
I want to emphasize once again that the development of shipbuilding is a priority of state policy and largely determines state security in the field of food, and energy, and technology. Our military shipbuilding has 12 percent in world military shipbuilding and takes second place, which, in general, is probably not bad by formal signs. But the potential of our industry is much greater. In civil shipbuilding, we occupy only 0,6 percent and are in the 21-th place.
The development of our shipbuilding industry is based on the Maritime Doctrine, which is spelled out before 2020, as well as the strategies and government programs that I mentioned. I can not say that the state program for the development of shipbuilding for 2013 – 2030, among other five programs of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, went through a very good and useful procedure. In September, this state program, among the other five, was heard at the site of the Public Chamber within the framework of public control. And I am very grateful to Joseph Evgenievich Diskin, who represents both the Public Council of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, and the leading commission of the Public Chamber.
Discussion of the state program, which took place in the Public Chamber, helped to avoid many mistakes and make it more effective. But we understand that the state-owned USC corporation, which operates in accordance with the approved development strategy, and its share is large enough: 60 percent - in industrial production, 91 percent - in export products and in military - about 70 percent. I will not deny that we see a serious positive in the financing of the state defense order. And recently there has been an increase in production. In 2013, the 12 large and 43 small ships were launched, two 955 Borey submarines were adopted. Some increase in production took place in the civilian sector. But I would consider it insignificant. In this great support, both political and economic, is provided by the government of the Russian Federation. And, of course, the role of the Ministry of Industry and Trade is great.
A number of major projects are being implemented. Some of them are complete. The construction of the Prirazlomnaya ice-resistant platform, the Arkticheskaya drilling rig has been completed. A number of large tankers and passenger ships are being built and built. But the problem is that Russian shipyards get about 10 per cent of the orders that our shipowners and the state generate by tonnage. What determines such a small amount of mastered needs, which is available both in the economy and in the Armed Forces? Low quality products, a long period of construction and, unfortunately, quite a serious theft.
In 2012, the state defense order was not fully implemented. The Navy lost two nuclear submarines and three surface ships. Of course, I would like to highlight the fact that in order to increase competitiveness in shipbuilding it is necessary to develop science. But an analysis of the use of budget funds for the development of research and development shows that very often money is used inefficiently. The results of intellectual activity are not registered. And when the state decided to give developers the opportunity to capitalize on this intellectual activity, the developers do not express the desire.
So what are we talking about? Money to get ready for research. But we don’t need this research. This is very sad. We must, of course, talk about the problems in education. But problems in education, friends, are based on another - on the endless reform of the education system. And this year, I believe that this is a catastrophe, only 7,1 percent graduates give up physics.
That is, if a person does not give up physics, he cannot enter either the natural science or the engineering unit, it is impossible to subsequently learn the strength of materials, termekh, hydraulics, engineering constructions, if you did not study and did not pass physics at school.
I would like to say something else. We receive a large number of appeals from trade unions, from citizens, and from business leaders, to which we must respond. And that blissful state, when the industry grew, when the budget grew, when the state defense order was financed at a faster pace, somewhat relaxed the executors and created a situation of some kind of impunity and permissiveness.
I will give only a few facts. Currently, eight criminal cases have been filed in the Arkhangelsk region through the USC after the last inspections. St. Petersburg, Leningrad region - nine criminal cases, Primorsky Krai - four, Murmansk region - five, Kaliningrad - three, Investigation Department in the North-West Federal District - one, in Khabarovsk - one and so on.
What does this mean? This speaks of the fairly effective work of the Prosecutor General’s Office, the effective work of the Accounts Chamber, the less effective work of the judiciary, the weak work of public organizations and the legislature, I must admit.
And we probably bear some responsibility for hoping for some common sense and for the fact that business leaders understand that the perimeter of the country is tense and there are very few friends. But, unfortunately, few people think about the need for import substitution programs.
For example, gas turbine engines, engines for watercraft are very often made either outside the country, or with a large number of imported components.
I'm not talking about the electronic component base. And here we have the right to hear explanations from the leadership of the USC, which, I hope, will inform us. Unfortunately, there is quite a serious leapfrog, very often changing leaders. But among the large number of criminal cases that are already underway, are in production, a lot of fresh cases - 2013 and 2014 years. And this, of course, is not healthy at all.
I also cannot fail to say that, in turn, the State Duma is doing enough to change the situation in terms of legislative support. The law on state defense order was adopted, the approach to responsibility for non-execution of state defense order was radically changed. And we, as representatives of, say, the industrial lobby, I’m not afraid of such a word, defended equal responsibility. The draft law initially stated that managers of enterprises whose fault the state defense order was disrupted should bear criminal responsibility. We were able to defend the thesis in the interests of production workers about equal responsibility, that is, the customer must also be responsible, who very often places an order with violation of the deadlines, advances ahead of time, changes the tactical and technical characteristics of the objects ordered. We also believe that, in addition to the head enterprise, the co-executive should also be responsible, through whose fault the main manufacturer has disrupted the execution of the state defense order.
We made a lot of sensible and constructive suggestions. And I will not give examples when we managed to make dozens of amendments to the laws, and some even made 144 amendments, of which 143 was adopted. Why is this possible? Because there are a number of expert councils at our committee: an expert council on aircraft manufacturing, machine tool manufacturing, the military-industrial complex, where experts, representatives of large vertically integrated structures, and heads of their legal departments conduct a very serious examination. And we, the deputies, of course, using their intellectual potential, try to shape the legislative field in such a way as to minimize risks, minimize theft, and minimize incompetence.
But the reserves in this regard are very large. And by the way, I have to say that the new, relatively new leadership of the USC expressed such an intention - to form an expert council on shipbuilding within the framework of both the Industry Committee and the Russian Engineering Union. Unfortunately, while these intentions and limited. But their inaction is largely compensated for by the activity of enterprises that are part of the USC, by the activity of the public council of the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the leadership of the ministries that the four or super-strong three probably can always get for their fairly effective work.
Therefore, we asked that the head of the expert group, which includes the heads of the legal departments of virtually all vertically integrated structures, Vladimir Vasilievich Kudashkin inform us about the priority tasks that this expert group faces. They do a lot. A bill has now been prepared, which we will introduce, on the circulation of critical products. This applies to shipbuilding, and aviation, and space. That is, it is the labeling of products, critical products, the fight against counterfeiting, which inflicts very serious damage on the image of our products, including on international markets, and reduces its quality for use on our territory.
It seems to me that there is a need for such an honest, frank conversation. And the draft resolution that we have prepared is not excessively soft, it is simply not yet full of texture. We will fill it with this texture, dear colleagues, according to the results of your speeches.
Vladimir Gutenev,
First Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Industry
Criticize, suggest
Dear colleagues, the conversation really matured. We, probably, not so often and not so much in fact spoke on this topic. At the same time, to be honest, I was a little embarrassed by the tone that Vladimir Gutenev asked. But if it is proposed to use this tonality today, then we can probably start by saying that, unfortunately, everything that happens in the United Shipbuilding Corporation is a reflection of what is happening in society.
I just looked through another regional article about the previous president of USC. In this stories in fact, there are also a lot of facts that are cited without taking into account what is happening in the country and how the judicial system works, for example. But, colleagues, because we live in all this with you. The question is what? Does the last one in the chain answer? Or do we want to really fight the essence of the negative phenomena that are happening in our country?
I would very much not like all the proceedings that absolutely professional law enforcement specialists are now dealing with ended with the fact that we are not looking for where we have lost, but where it is light.
Unfortunately, this impression. But at the same time, I assure you, you can take for example any business. Do you think everything will be different there? Of course not. I think that this will not surprise anyone. It’s just that someone comes to a line, but not to someone. It seems to me.
I just remembered during the previous speech a joke about three envelopes. Opened the first envelope: "Blame it on all its predecessors." And I really would really like to talk about what really was done. That changed, unfortunately, once again the CEO, more precisely, the president of USC. What was done?
We are really faced with many tasks (now I turn to the constructive part of our conversation), the solution of which will also determine the country's defense capability, and how civil shipbuilding will develop.
Yes, you gave the numbers, and they really hit, on the one hand. But on the other hand, let's not forget that both the Russian Federation and its shipbuilding, which we have today, are part of the great Soviet heritage that we received with a corresponding geographical division of responsibility.
We are accused of being ranked 21 in the global civil shipbuilding industry of the Russian Federation. But all large-tonnage shipbuilding was historically concentrated in Ukraine: Crimea, Nikolaev, and Odessa regions. It was there that the main shipbuilding enterprises were based. And in Russia today we cannot build ships weighing more than 70 thousand tons.
Therefore, of course, you should be very careful about how the Zvezda plant will be built, what will happen in the North-West region. Great inspiration is caused by the opportunities offered to us by the entry of Crimea into Russia.
And the challenges we face are enormous. The volume of orders that form only the enterprises of the oil and gas complex, all the shipyards taken together are unable to digest in the deadlines for these projects.
Therefore, of course, it is necessary to move progressively. As for the involvement of partners in this work, you should be very careful about placing orders abroad. You know the position of the president. He speaks very clearly - we will build abroad only if it is not possible to do this in Russia.
And here I would very much like to see the strategic tasks that the USC set for itself within the framework of the approved strategy last year to be progressively realized. We are talking about the creation of production of large-capacity shipbuilding in the Far East, and the technical re-equipment and modernization of shipyards in the North-West region. Of course, this task needs to be solved jointly, primarily with the state, since everything related to military shipbuilding should be implemented with the involvement of funds from a special federal targeted program. We will probably consider options for attracting private investors, if it becomes possible to connect them to various projects.
I would very much like us to move in this direction and manage to mobilize all the forces of private Russian capital, entrepreneurs ready to take up work and bring it to a logical conclusion.
As you know, we have a state program for the development of shipbuilding. Unfortunately, today there are quite serious adjustments to this program. We hope to find a mutually acceptable solution with colleagues from the Ministry of Finance. But based on the program that was proposed last year, the reduction amounts to 40 percent. This is very alarming, however, we still hope that the tasks that are set before us (both in the development strategy of the USC and the development strategy of the shipbuilding industry, which we do not separate from each other), of course, can be solved, but only by joint by effort.
Probably, there is justice in criticizing our approach to the formation of a scientific and technical reserve in shipbuilding. Yes, indeed, we harass a lot of paper, as our opponents say. But at the same time, I have to note that the last 20 years have not really invested money in Russian shipbuilding. On closer examination, it becomes clear that everything that the USC is criticized for when surrendering warships (and sometimes civilians) has its own reasons. When funding goes to one and a half percent instead of the declared 30 – 40, it is impossible to hand over these ships on time, no matter how hard you try. After that, we frantically mobilize resources. Only your humble servant held two dozen meetings on the problems of specific projects in which USC deals. And only because these projects require interdepartmental coordination. There are enterprises subordinate to Rosatom, there are enterprises that operate in other subordination structures, and so on. So far, fortunately, all these problems are solved. It is very likely that the state defense order before 2020 will be completed in full and on the deadlines stated, and this is also the result of the work of the USC and the ministry. We just work - nothing else.
The topic of civil shipbuilding is crucial. There is a remarkable law on the development of shipbuilding and shipping, involving the creation of free economic zones. These zones will solve one of the main problems of Russian civil shipbuilding, which concerns just the production of components. Domestic components created in Russian shipyards for civilian vessels make up 25 – 30 percent. And everything else is often bought abroad. At a minimum, it is necessary to make it all happen on the territory of the Russian Federation, or even better localized to such an extent that it can be said: “Yes, we have created such a competence, we have it. We can reproduce it and will do it. ” It should be understood that priorities will inevitably be placed. With the volume of orders we have today, they will allow us to solve problems using all modern technologies - starting with electric propulsion, using steering wheels and everything else, without which neither supply vessels, nor icebreakers, gas carriers, nor any other principal projects. But we can do this only when we consolidate such an order. In this case, it will be possible to go on common types. Bacchanalia stops when customers prescribe us specific manufacturers, specific names. By the way, in the Ministry of Defense the same practice. And in some cases we have to deal with monopolists. And with them it is sometimes impossible to negotiate prices. Unfortunately, the USC’s actions over the past year were clearly not enough to properly deliver this work.
But there is such a function of logistics, which can allow you to create certain principles of working with suppliers. Then the supplier will disclose his cost price and we will be able to check it, we will understand how it forms it. This will provide the necessary transparency of transactions. Why doesn't someone do this? One can only guess. A thief should sit in jail...
As for the components, we have fundamentally important tasks that we face in terms of the main propulsion systems, in the further development of everything related to the control system, the fundamental issues on lifting mechanisms. That is, we are ready in the near future to collect the general parameters of future orders, to finish this work and to set concrete tasks for USC. But at the same time I will return to the topic that I started. Without a scientific and technical background, which, strictly speaking, today the Krylov Central Research Institute and our other institutes primarily possess, we cannot get any leading positions in the Russian Federation in shipbuilding. Nobody will sell us anything, especially in current conditions. Therefore, our task is to ensure that this scientific and technical reserve is maximally in demand.
We looked at the effectiveness of the program WGMT - "Development of civil and marine equipment." It can be criticized as much as you want, but tankers are being built, dry-cargo ships are being built, high-speed vessels are being built. The draft of the drilling vessel, which was made under the RGMT, is recognized as the best and, accordingly, we now have an Italian customer for the drilling vessel. One can criticize that it would be better for these vessels to be built at Russian shipyards. It is better if this is done in such a way that we do not wait for advances from a number of our customers for a year and a half and do not freeze the production of the same vessels, supplies, and so on.
Both USC and Russian shipbuilding have potential. And, if you noticed, companies that are not part of USC are almost never criticized. Military orders are made on time, the development of companies is moving forward. All the tasks that these enterprises are assigned are carried out. But maybe something is wrong at the conservatory, if it works there, but it doesn't work there? And it seems to me that the matter is, in general, for small. I repeat once again, but despite the above facts and the stated claims (absolutely fair), I want the conversation to be objective. We did not meet at the troika court in order to punish the guilty. I see the point of our conversations with you in attracting the attention of the State Duma and the public to the fact that the state of affairs in Russian shipbuilding, of course, requires special treatment. And from this point of view, we can offer today - we must engage in criticism. But there is such a good rule: “Criticize, suggest.”
Therefore, I would very much like any critical comments to end with something concrete, which is necessary for the implementation of the proposed measures and for the launch of the USC and the entire Russian shipbuilding industry on some new rails in the first place. But, on the other hand, you can say that, probably, we are more and more often starting to look like that non-commissioned officer's widow, who has carved herself out. Yes, probably so.
If you remember, at one of the Marine Collegiums I began by saying that when we talked about USC, I voiced one very simple and offensive phrase for us: we, unfortunately, build expensively, build long and sometimes poorly. But these are the three problems that the whole shipbuilding industry and the USC need to fight in the first place.
What do I need to do? The answer is very simple. We must have a serious scientific and technical base. We must have a manageable and clear business in the face of USC. We must have a competent relationship with our customers. I will give one small example. Today, exploratory drilling, which is carried out, for example, by the Rosneft company, is conducted accordingly with the use of rental vessels. What is the problem? And the problem is very simple: unfortunately, in order to design and build a ship, it takes from three to five years. You can, of course, argue and need to work to reduce the time and design, and construction. This, by the way, is in the tasks of USC, which are spelled out in the strategy.
But at the same time, in order for us to deliver our seismic survey vessels or icebreakers and vessels that are working on exploration drilling, and Rosneft could use them, we should have known about it at least four or five years ago.
Unfortunately, so far this dialogue with us has been able to line up very effectively only with the Naval fleet. And you know that there were hearings on the military shipbuilding program until 2050. And these very approaches to long-term planning will really allow us to effectively build both the industrial part of shipbuilding and the USC, because investments are needed in almost every enterprise and, accordingly, in the scientific and technical part and in design bureaus. And I assure you that the ministry, I hope, and with your help, will deal with this.
Much of what I said today, well, just boiling. Because the last year, unfortunately, was made from the USC of a monster who is accused of all mortal sins. We must often look in the mirror, and then everything will fall into place.
Alexey Rakhmanov,
Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation
USC strategy
Attention to the problems of USC is absolutely relevant today. I would like to remind you that this company has existed for seven years already and last year the strategy was finally adopted. This was made possible by the extraordinary efforts, perseverance, perseverance of our chairman of the board of directors, who is here today, Dutov Andrei Vladimirovich, the competence of the Krylov center he manages, and the coordination of all these actions by the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. In fact, we received a document through which we can build the stages of life, talk about prospects and understand what you can look around.
Speaking about the key areas of the strategy, I would like to tell our colleagues that we have identified six key problems.
First, the strengthening of domestic engineering, including the development of design work and design assets of the corporation, aimed at improving the unification and assistance in building long-term cooperative schemes.
Secondly, the development of the corporation's production capacity, taking into account a probabilistic model for making long-term decisions by key customers of our industry.
Thirdly, the concentration of the center of responsibility for the implementation of large industry projects, as well as projects hosted abroad, within the head organization of USC.
Fourth, the transition from the territorial model of asset management to the divisional principle of corporate management, based on the concentration of competence in promising products. Today we are moving away from the regional centers and are moving to the management of the product line.
Fifth, the promotion of innovation through the actualization of the system of effective consumption of the scientific and technical reserve created by our scientific organizations of shipbuilding and related industries.
Sixth, social and personnel policy, primarily aimed at fundamental changes in the motivational model of our indicators.
The strategy provides for the preparation and development of a roadmap. We have prepared this "map". She sent for approval to the board of directors. And I would like to say about the key events that we laid down in this road map.
First, the formation of a new staffing structure of USC, taking into account the revision of the corporate management system. This is a presidential assignment. And, as Aleksey Lvovich Rakhmanov said, there is some sort of skirmish between the board of directors and the management of the USC to work out a common vision, which should be the full-time structure.
Secondly, the program of loading enterprises in the context of the main sectors of the market and customers, conducting an in-depth analysis of the assets of the corporation, a program for the conversion and alienation of non-core assets, is a separate program. The program of technological development, the elaboration of cooperation structures, the development of a program for the development of the personnel potential of a corporation, corporate control systems for property management and pricing. Creation of a consortium of companies for the development of a public-private project in the Far East. Creating also a detailed financial model. Today we are talking about the financial model that is being created in our enterprises. And I think that only by the end of 2014 of the year will we come to that we can talk about the detailed financial model of the USC itself.
Well, naturally, life dictates its own laws. Now there is a completely new direction for us. The working group travels to the Crimea, headed by Shmakov, to study the situation and prepare proposals for the government to integrate these structures in the shipbuilding industry.
As part of the implementation of the activities of the "roadmap" today the following has been done:
-an analysis of the implementation of the state defense order-2014 (GOZ). We prepared and sent a list of problematic issues to the Deputy Minister of Defense Borisov, who oversees these issues;
-analysis of long-term plans for the design, construction, repair and maintenance, disposal of ships and vessels;
- proposals for the long-term program of military shipbuilding up to 2050, we prepared and sent, signed by the company president, to the main command of the Navy;
- proposals to the State armament program 2016 – 2025 will be prepared by July 2014 after the analysis of the calculation and calculation materials on the main tasks of the State armament program. This will be presented to us by July;
- an analysis has been made, and proposals have been prepared and sent to the Russian Ministry of Defense for inclusion in the draft government decree on identifying sole suppliers and contractors for the state defense order;
-an analysis of the tasks of the state defense order for 2014 year and the planned period to 2015 – 2016. These proposals were prepared and sent to our Ministry of Defense in March;
- A program has been developed for the loading of USC enterprises by ships and marine equipment. And we sent these proposals in February to the Ministry of Industry and Trade;
- directives were prepared and sent to USC subsidiaries on the need to develop technological development programs with instructions to appoint those responsible for the preparation of these programs at enterprises, moreover, at a rank not lower than the first deputy general director. The deadline for the submission of the draft program is set to 1 this June. Upon expiration of the appointed term, additional directives will be sent to enterprises that have not submitted draft programs;
- Today, control over the supply of large-size equipment for warships and civilian ships under construction is being carried out;
- beginnings of technological re-equipment of the Krasnoye Sormovo plant;
- the plan of measures to improve the procurement activity and the system of material and technical support of the companies of USC groups is being executed;
-accounted accounting of the contracting of supplies of main component equipment to our orders for the strategic submarine cruiser Borey;
- work will be done on the organization of a similar account for the remaining ships under construction;
-an initial analysis of the training and development needs of the staff of subsidiaries and affiliates (subsidiaries and affiliates).
Here I want to point out that we, together with the Ministry of Labor, developed and recommended 13 professional standards in the field of shipbuilding. Our companies participate in the industry working group.
Sergey Gaydarzhi,
Vice President, Financial Control and Risk Management, USC
Protect domestic producers
When in 2007, the decision was made on the federal target program “Development of civilian marine equipment”, its implementation started in our country virtually from scratch. Prior to that, the Russian Federation had practically no civil shipbuilding. Indeed, within the framework of the CMEA there was a specialization, according to which the bulk of civilian courts was built abroad. In the USSR, shipbuilding on the 80 – 85 percent was military. Let's not forget that the shipbuilding industry, for example, Finland has grown on our orders since 1970.
There is a fundamental difference between military and civil shipbuilding. We need to bring up a new generation of shipbuilders, both engineers and workers, who can fulfill civilian orders.
Shipbuilding is not only the shipyard where the hull is assembled and its equipment is saturated: metal processing accounts for only 35 percent of the ship building work, while the remaining 65 percent comes from the implementation of competencies in project management in general, including cooperation with partners supplying component equipment, high-tech work and services. This is the basis of business management in shipbuilding.
In turn, the key core of project management is engineering - an integration research and design component. Today, Russian companies are ready to actively offer themselves in the market of engineering services as experts not only in the development, but also in the operation of modern high-tech vessels and marine equipment, including equipment for the development of oil and gas fields in the Russian Arctic shelf.
An example of successful implementation of Russian engineering is the cooperation of the FSUE “Krylov State Research Center” and the Italian shipbuilding corporation Fincantieri SpA in the project to create a modern drilling vessel, necessary for the effective performance of work in arctic conditions. Optimal cooperation options are achieved by combining Russian engineering with production capabilities and a streamlined system of cooperation deliveries of a foreign partner (already at the project discussion stage, Fincantieri managers attracted Italian companies supplying equipment to 30), which together is intended to ensure the full cycle of creation and implementation of modern technologies of the Arctic shipbuilding.
In the proposed form, this project protects the interests of domestic engineering companies, while preserving and developing the possibilities of their participation in the implementation of subsequent Arctic projects. With a different approach, when domestic oil and gas companies are actively attracting foreign partners to develop the obtained license areas of the Russian shelf, foreigners are given to outsource not only the delivery of marine equipment, but also the development of innovative technological solutions that inevitably makes domestic companies dependent on foreign partners. strategic issues of the Russian shelf development and minimizes the possibility of attracting domestic developers to promising projects.
The current trend needs to be changed and there is such an opportunity. One of these mechanisms is the rational use of national safety standards and environmental safety of maritime activities in waters covered by the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, within the framework of the general development of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) standards. This mechanism has long been used in the world to protect national markets and at the same time to stimulate national industry with a clear understanding of what technologies need to be developed and subsidized. This tool, designed to protect our territories and waters from environmental disasters, is outside the scope of the restrictions of the WTO and other restrictive acts of the world market.
Preliminary proposals for the development of IMO standards in the interests of the security of the Russian Federation are already being developed on behalf of Dmitry Olegovich Rogozin and are being considered by the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. But I would like to carry out this work on the other hand, that is, to consider the proposed toolkit to protect the interests of domestic producers in the State Duma.
For example, according to the specified draft of a drilling ship, taking into account the peculiarities of its operation, among the especially standardized parameters should be attributed primarily:
- ice class and icebreaking support;
- parameters of anchor and dynamic positioning systems;
- means of emergency evacuation of personnel in ice conditions;
- parameters of noise pollution in the water area.
Thus, the corresponding improvement of the national legal field and the formation of an integrated system of modern sound requirements for marine technology for use in the Arctic will ensure state security and the development of the domestic shipbuilding industry in the international market.
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