Why the beginning of World War II - not a defeat, but a victory
In many films and books about the Great Patriotic War there is a significant bias in favor of negative elements: panic, huge columns of prisoners, the rapid advance of the enemy, deserters, executions of alarmists, etc. Then one can only wonder how the Wehrmacht did not enter Moscow at the end of August .
But there are significantly fewer materials that would show that it was in the initial period of the war, despite all its tragedy (in principle, any war, even the most victorious one, for someone tragedy), the foundations of victory were laid. The Red Army fought much better than the Polish, English-French. Counterstrikes were inflicted, the Red Army men displayed mass heroism (the example of Brest was far from the only one), pilots, tankers, sailors, artillerymen, infantrymen fought, and with their perseverance and courage they won the minutes, hours, and days that were formed in the months. A unique in its scale and speed operation was carried out to evacuate the industry of the western regions to the East of the country, that is, there can be no total panic and disorganization.
Heroism of the Union Warriors
- One of the popular themes of the beginning of the Great Patriotic War is the theme of the "destruction" of our Air Force during the first hours of the war, about how the German aces knocked down our pilots in batches. But why not remember the heroes who fought, not sparing themselves, and destroyed the enemy. At about 10 in the morning, the 4 fighter of the 123 Fighter Aviation Regiment (IAP) fought each other in the sky near Brest, they were piloted by young pilots Mozhaev, Zhidov, Ryabtsev, Nazarov, and 8 German fighters. Zhidov was knocked down immediately when he went on the decline - he was attacked in order to finish off. Mozhayev, covering his comrade, shot down one plane, the falling Zhidov lit another one. Ryabtsev, having spent ammunition, led his plane to a ram, knocked down the enemy, and he was able to jump with a parachute. In the eyes of the defenders of Brest, one of the first rams of the Great Patriotic War was committed - on that day, 9. The Soviet Air Force was alive and fought, suffering terrible losses, but the enemy also lost pilots and airplanes.
- Confusion? The Red Army launched its first counterattacks on June 23rd. The 12th mechanized corps of the Baltic Special Military Circle hit the enemy, and German troops could not stand the blow and fled at the very beginning of the war. The 23rd part of the Red Army launched an offensive near Lutsk, Shaulai, Grodno. Few Russians know that the real thing happened these days tank the massacre in the region of Lutsk-Brody-Rivne, approximately 4000 tanks took part in it. As a result, the Red Army frustrated the plans of the Wehrmacht movement to Kiev and Smolensk - they planned to take them in the first week. Our army successfully attacked the enemy in the south - in the region of Romania, the advance of the enemy was foiled.
The whole first week is not the time of German triumph, it is a time of fierce, deadly battle, when the question was decided - who will win the war. The Wehrmacht was on the "hair" from being stopped, and with the advent of reserves, the war would have been going on in Poland, Romania, Finland. But the Pavlova factor played a role - the general unavailability of parts of the Western Special Military District and the fact that in the summer of 1941, the Red Army in 80% consisted of untrained or under-educated recruits. The German army already "tasted blood", but strategically Germany lost already in the first week. Thus, Halder, the Chief of the General Staff of the Ground Forces, wrote down a very important phrase: “In the center of the band of the Army Group Center, our completely mixed divisions do their best ...”. That is, the German "steel skating rink" completely "mixed up" for the first time the Soviet recruits who took the fight with their fierce counterattacks, counterstrikes and counter-attacks.
- In the area of the city of Lida (near Grodno), the 8-I separate anti-tank brigade led by Colonel Strelbitsky stood up for defense. She stayed for almost a week, until June 28, the gallant gunners destroyed the enemy's 60 tanks.
- According to the “Barbarossa” plan, the Wehrmacht was given 20-30 minutes, but some outposts fought for days and weeks. This is given that the border guards did not have heavy weapons, only small arms and grenades. But, the truth, these were really elite units - 100% staffed, trained, always on full alert - on the border was always restless. Many in Russia, thanks to the propaganda of the liberoids, negatively perceive the abbreviation of the NKVD, but the border guards were also part of this structure. They gave the Germans such a rebuff that they had not yet encountered in Europe.
One of the most famous is the battle of the 91 of the Rava-Russian border detachment. Here are just a few episodes of the battle of the frontier detachment: on the site of the 8 th outpost, the enemy attacked the battalion forces, during a fierce battle, the enemy managed to surround the border guards. The soldiers, led by captain Strokovym, took up defenses around the commandant's office; the son of Senior Lieutenant Tolubev, 12-year-old Shura, fought with them. He brought ammunition, helped the wounded, passed messages when the enemy came close to the commandant's office - he killed two enemies with a pistol and captured an automatic rifle. For his heroism in this battle, he will be awarded the Order of the Red Star, in August 1945, participating in battles with the Japanese as part of the 55-th border detachment, he will receive the second Order of the Red Banner for courage. Blocked 13 border guards for hours beat off the onslaught of the enemy, frontier guards fired mortars and cannons, bombed the planes, but they held out. The encirclement ring will strike and the remaining soldiers will be led by border guards led by Lieutenant L. Kruglov, with the support of 2 tanks and 158 battery, 3 Cavalry Division, Major General MF Maleyev.
In a difficult situation was the headquarters of the frontier detachment, he was surrounded, sent with a report to the headquarters of the border troops of the two groups of fighters fell in battle with the Wehrmacht commandos. To prevent the enemy from getting the banner, they decided to carry it out - the choice fell on Lieutenant V. A. Masikov's wife, Lyubov Stepanovna in the very first battles she showed herself as a brave and decisive person. She was able to complete the task, carried out the banner of the detachment to the location of the Red Army troops, she was presented to the Order of the Red Banner.
The convoys of the 9th, 10th linear outposts and reserve outposts, fighting off the superior enemy forces, moved to the village of Teniaska, and a maneuver group came to the rescue. At 10 o'clock the enemy attacked with the forces of the battalion, but withdrew under the fire of the border guards. The battle went on for several hours, infantry attacks gave way to mortar and artillery fire and strikes aviation. But the border guards held on, at 13 o’clock the units of the 244th regiment of the 41st rifle division and the 158th regiment of the 3rd cavalry division came to the rescue. Together with them, border guards drove the enemy to the state border.
The details of the death of the border guards of the 3's linear outposts, two outposts of maneuver groups remained completely unknown. It is known only that they fought cruel battles, restrained the enemy to the last possible opportunity, and not a single border guard survived there.
Until the last man, 3-I outpost fought, “the earth was burning”, but they were standing. When the Nazis were able to break into its territory, there was not a single fighter alive, the fascists in malice disfigured the bodies of the fallen, they were then buried by local residents.
The border guards of the 17 th outpost under the command of Lieutenant Fyodor Vasilyevich Morin (posthumously Hero of the Soviet Union) went to the Russian celestial squadron. The premises of the outpost were destroyed by the first volleys of the enemy, the border guards occupied the trenches: “Rus, give up!” - the Nazis shouted, approaching. The fire of the machine gun sergeant Korochkin forced them to lie down, grenades flew, the Nazis retreated. The frontier guards fought for many hours, beating attack after attack, the Germans launched artillery strikes, threw tanks at them, and they all held on. Ammunition ran out, the Germans went to the next attack. And then the last eight (!) Fighters, led by Lieutenant Morin, tired and wounded, almost deafened by the explosions, rose to their full height, went to the last hand-to-hand combat with rifles ...
... They fell first -
the worst
And the most bitter
war day:
From defense
melee
And until a sudden silence.
Oh how must
fearlessly
Own Fatherland
be in love,
To the ground
So grow up once.
What is impossible
retreat.
V.N. Gotsulenko
- 8 July 1941 was signed by the first for this war decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet on awarding the title of Hero to pilots M. P. P., Zdorotsev S. I. and Kharitonov. P., they covered Leningrad. Zdorovtsev, attacking the enemy bombers, shot ammunition and went to the ram. Destroyed the enemy, and he survived. Kharitonov, having spent his ammunition, did not get out of the battle, but slipped along the German bomber and propelled him with air propellers. The enemy collapsed, and Kharitonov safely brought his plane to the airfield. Zhukov clamped his opponent (also spending ammunition) to the lake (pressing the enemy by plane downwards), as a result the German plane crashed into the Pskov lake.
- On July 3, a T-28 tank entered Minsk captured by the Germans. The Germans thought it was a trophy, and did not touch it. And there were Soviet tankers in it: Major Vasechkin, Senior Sergeant Dmitry Malko (participant in battles in Spain, fought with the Japanese, in Finland), cadet Fyodor Naumov, cadet Nikolai Pedan, cadet Sergey (last name unknown), cadet Alexander Rachitsky. Arriving at the distillery, we found a suitable target - a group of Germans were loading containers with alcohol, and an armored car was standing nearby. The Germans were shot, BM burned, the Germans in the city still did not understand what was happening - the tank moved the river Svisloch without pursuit, drove to the market. Towards a column of German motorcyclists, full of life, rode, the tank missed several crews, then retaliation began - the Germans were shot and crushed. Leaving on the main street of Minsk - Sovetskaya, the tank fired at the Germans at the theater, turned onto Proletarskaya - the street was filled with enemy infantry and equipment (vehicles with ammunition, weapons, tanks, kitchens). For the Germans, hell began, littering the street with corpses and car fragments, the tank moved to Gorky Park, simultaneously destroying the 37-mm cannon. In the park, the Germans heard the roar of explosions and firing, but they thought it was an air raid, so the tank was a deadly surprise for them. The gun ammunition dried up, and the tankers began to break out in the direction of Komarovka, then to Moskovskoye Highway, but already at the exit from the city, an ambush of an anti-tank battery lurched around them. They tried to break through, but after two successful hits (the first shells ricocheted) the tank caught fire and stopped, the crew left it. A major, two cadets died in battle; Sergeant Malko (who had a great combat experience, and, apparently, the god of war helped) got out of the city, met the rioters and with them came out of the encirclement and returned to the tank forces, went through the whole war. Charging Fedor Naumov hid residents, then he went to the partisans, in 1943, he was wounded and taken to the rear. The machine gunner of the right tower Nikolai Pedan was captured, until the end of the war he spent in concentration camps, after being released he was returned to service, demobilized in 1946 year.
There are hundreds, thousands of such examples - it’s just amazing what, sometimes, our filmmakers are filthy (or is this a plan !?) instead of shooting tapes based on the real exploits of our warriors.
Conclusion
The Wehrmacht in the first weeks was able to prevail in the hardest battle, but only tactically and situationally. Strategically, he was defeated in the first weeks. Every hour, day, he lost the pace of the offensive, spent opportunities and resources - they were not intended for border battles, but for the second stage of the war - the completion of the defeat of the Red Army. The second stage was to start from the 40 day of the war. As a result, on the 40 day, the Wehrmacht, exhausted in the battle of Smolensk, went on the defensive, and in the south only began an offensive against Kiev. Winning the 1941 battles of the year, the Wehrmacht sacrificed resources for future battles.
From the very beginning of the war the Red Army won a strategic victory. 11 August F. Halder wrote: "The general situation is increasingly evident that the colossus-Russia ... was underestimated by us." And he is right, Germany made a strategic mistake by starting a war with the USSR, like France had before it in 1812 ...
Sources of:
Halder F. Military Diary. Daily records of the Chief of the General Staff of the Ground Forces 1939-1942 - M., 1968-1971.
Kumanev G. A., Tchaikovsky A. S. The Chekists stood to death. Kiev, 1989.
Polak T., Shows K. Asy Stalin: Encyclopedia. M., 2003.
http://che-ratnik.livejournal.com/331020.html
But there are significantly fewer materials that would show that it was in the initial period of the war, despite all its tragedy (in principle, any war, even the most victorious one, for someone tragedy), the foundations of victory were laid. The Red Army fought much better than the Polish, English-French. Counterstrikes were inflicted, the Red Army men displayed mass heroism (the example of Brest was far from the only one), pilots, tankers, sailors, artillerymen, infantrymen fought, and with their perseverance and courage they won the minutes, hours, and days that were formed in the months. A unique in its scale and speed operation was carried out to evacuate the industry of the western regions to the East of the country, that is, there can be no total panic and disorganization.
Heroism of the Union Warriors
- One of the popular themes of the beginning of the Great Patriotic War is the theme of the "destruction" of our Air Force during the first hours of the war, about how the German aces knocked down our pilots in batches. But why not remember the heroes who fought, not sparing themselves, and destroyed the enemy. At about 10 in the morning, the 4 fighter of the 123 Fighter Aviation Regiment (IAP) fought each other in the sky near Brest, they were piloted by young pilots Mozhaev, Zhidov, Ryabtsev, Nazarov, and 8 German fighters. Zhidov was knocked down immediately when he went on the decline - he was attacked in order to finish off. Mozhayev, covering his comrade, shot down one plane, the falling Zhidov lit another one. Ryabtsev, having spent ammunition, led his plane to a ram, knocked down the enemy, and he was able to jump with a parachute. In the eyes of the defenders of Brest, one of the first rams of the Great Patriotic War was committed - on that day, 9. The Soviet Air Force was alive and fought, suffering terrible losses, but the enemy also lost pilots and airplanes.
- Confusion? The Red Army launched its first counterattacks on June 23rd. The 12th mechanized corps of the Baltic Special Military Circle hit the enemy, and German troops could not stand the blow and fled at the very beginning of the war. The 23rd part of the Red Army launched an offensive near Lutsk, Shaulai, Grodno. Few Russians know that the real thing happened these days tank the massacre in the region of Lutsk-Brody-Rivne, approximately 4000 tanks took part in it. As a result, the Red Army frustrated the plans of the Wehrmacht movement to Kiev and Smolensk - they planned to take them in the first week. Our army successfully attacked the enemy in the south - in the region of Romania, the advance of the enemy was foiled.
The whole first week is not the time of German triumph, it is a time of fierce, deadly battle, when the question was decided - who will win the war. The Wehrmacht was on the "hair" from being stopped, and with the advent of reserves, the war would have been going on in Poland, Romania, Finland. But the Pavlova factor played a role - the general unavailability of parts of the Western Special Military District and the fact that in the summer of 1941, the Red Army in 80% consisted of untrained or under-educated recruits. The German army already "tasted blood", but strategically Germany lost already in the first week. Thus, Halder, the Chief of the General Staff of the Ground Forces, wrote down a very important phrase: “In the center of the band of the Army Group Center, our completely mixed divisions do their best ...”. That is, the German "steel skating rink" completely "mixed up" for the first time the Soviet recruits who took the fight with their fierce counterattacks, counterstrikes and counter-attacks.
- In the area of the city of Lida (near Grodno), the 8-I separate anti-tank brigade led by Colonel Strelbitsky stood up for defense. She stayed for almost a week, until June 28, the gallant gunners destroyed the enemy's 60 tanks.
- According to the “Barbarossa” plan, the Wehrmacht was given 20-30 minutes, but some outposts fought for days and weeks. This is given that the border guards did not have heavy weapons, only small arms and grenades. But, the truth, these were really elite units - 100% staffed, trained, always on full alert - on the border was always restless. Many in Russia, thanks to the propaganda of the liberoids, negatively perceive the abbreviation of the NKVD, but the border guards were also part of this structure. They gave the Germans such a rebuff that they had not yet encountered in Europe.
One of the most famous is the battle of the 91 of the Rava-Russian border detachment. Here are just a few episodes of the battle of the frontier detachment: on the site of the 8 th outpost, the enemy attacked the battalion forces, during a fierce battle, the enemy managed to surround the border guards. The soldiers, led by captain Strokovym, took up defenses around the commandant's office; the son of Senior Lieutenant Tolubev, 12-year-old Shura, fought with them. He brought ammunition, helped the wounded, passed messages when the enemy came close to the commandant's office - he killed two enemies with a pistol and captured an automatic rifle. For his heroism in this battle, he will be awarded the Order of the Red Star, in August 1945, participating in battles with the Japanese as part of the 55-th border detachment, he will receive the second Order of the Red Banner for courage. Blocked 13 border guards for hours beat off the onslaught of the enemy, frontier guards fired mortars and cannons, bombed the planes, but they held out. The encirclement ring will strike and the remaining soldiers will be led by border guards led by Lieutenant L. Kruglov, with the support of 2 tanks and 158 battery, 3 Cavalry Division, Major General MF Maleyev.
In a difficult situation was the headquarters of the frontier detachment, he was surrounded, sent with a report to the headquarters of the border troops of the two groups of fighters fell in battle with the Wehrmacht commandos. To prevent the enemy from getting the banner, they decided to carry it out - the choice fell on Lieutenant V. A. Masikov's wife, Lyubov Stepanovna in the very first battles she showed herself as a brave and decisive person. She was able to complete the task, carried out the banner of the detachment to the location of the Red Army troops, she was presented to the Order of the Red Banner.
The convoys of the 9th, 10th linear outposts and reserve outposts, fighting off the superior enemy forces, moved to the village of Teniaska, and a maneuver group came to the rescue. At 10 o'clock the enemy attacked with the forces of the battalion, but withdrew under the fire of the border guards. The battle went on for several hours, infantry attacks gave way to mortar and artillery fire and strikes aviation. But the border guards held on, at 13 o’clock the units of the 244th regiment of the 41st rifle division and the 158th regiment of the 3rd cavalry division came to the rescue. Together with them, border guards drove the enemy to the state border.
The details of the death of the border guards of the 3's linear outposts, two outposts of maneuver groups remained completely unknown. It is known only that they fought cruel battles, restrained the enemy to the last possible opportunity, and not a single border guard survived there.
Until the last man, 3-I outpost fought, “the earth was burning”, but they were standing. When the Nazis were able to break into its territory, there was not a single fighter alive, the fascists in malice disfigured the bodies of the fallen, they were then buried by local residents.
The border guards of the 17 th outpost under the command of Lieutenant Fyodor Vasilyevich Morin (posthumously Hero of the Soviet Union) went to the Russian celestial squadron. The premises of the outpost were destroyed by the first volleys of the enemy, the border guards occupied the trenches: “Rus, give up!” - the Nazis shouted, approaching. The fire of the machine gun sergeant Korochkin forced them to lie down, grenades flew, the Nazis retreated. The frontier guards fought for many hours, beating attack after attack, the Germans launched artillery strikes, threw tanks at them, and they all held on. Ammunition ran out, the Germans went to the next attack. And then the last eight (!) Fighters, led by Lieutenant Morin, tired and wounded, almost deafened by the explosions, rose to their full height, went to the last hand-to-hand combat with rifles ...
... They fell first -
the worst
And the most bitter
war day:
From defense
melee
And until a sudden silence.
Oh how must
fearlessly
Own Fatherland
be in love,
To the ground
So grow up once.
What is impossible
retreat.
V.N. Gotsulenko
- 8 July 1941 was signed by the first for this war decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet on awarding the title of Hero to pilots M. P. P., Zdorotsev S. I. and Kharitonov. P., they covered Leningrad. Zdorovtsev, attacking the enemy bombers, shot ammunition and went to the ram. Destroyed the enemy, and he survived. Kharitonov, having spent his ammunition, did not get out of the battle, but slipped along the German bomber and propelled him with air propellers. The enemy collapsed, and Kharitonov safely brought his plane to the airfield. Zhukov clamped his opponent (also spending ammunition) to the lake (pressing the enemy by plane downwards), as a result the German plane crashed into the Pskov lake.
- On July 3, a T-28 tank entered Minsk captured by the Germans. The Germans thought it was a trophy, and did not touch it. And there were Soviet tankers in it: Major Vasechkin, Senior Sergeant Dmitry Malko (participant in battles in Spain, fought with the Japanese, in Finland), cadet Fyodor Naumov, cadet Nikolai Pedan, cadet Sergey (last name unknown), cadet Alexander Rachitsky. Arriving at the distillery, we found a suitable target - a group of Germans were loading containers with alcohol, and an armored car was standing nearby. The Germans were shot, BM burned, the Germans in the city still did not understand what was happening - the tank moved the river Svisloch without pursuit, drove to the market. Towards a column of German motorcyclists, full of life, rode, the tank missed several crews, then retaliation began - the Germans were shot and crushed. Leaving on the main street of Minsk - Sovetskaya, the tank fired at the Germans at the theater, turned onto Proletarskaya - the street was filled with enemy infantry and equipment (vehicles with ammunition, weapons, tanks, kitchens). For the Germans, hell began, littering the street with corpses and car fragments, the tank moved to Gorky Park, simultaneously destroying the 37-mm cannon. In the park, the Germans heard the roar of explosions and firing, but they thought it was an air raid, so the tank was a deadly surprise for them. The gun ammunition dried up, and the tankers began to break out in the direction of Komarovka, then to Moskovskoye Highway, but already at the exit from the city, an ambush of an anti-tank battery lurched around them. They tried to break through, but after two successful hits (the first shells ricocheted) the tank caught fire and stopped, the crew left it. A major, two cadets died in battle; Sergeant Malko (who had a great combat experience, and, apparently, the god of war helped) got out of the city, met the rioters and with them came out of the encirclement and returned to the tank forces, went through the whole war. Charging Fedor Naumov hid residents, then he went to the partisans, in 1943, he was wounded and taken to the rear. The machine gunner of the right tower Nikolai Pedan was captured, until the end of the war he spent in concentration camps, after being released he was returned to service, demobilized in 1946 year.
There are hundreds, thousands of such examples - it’s just amazing what, sometimes, our filmmakers are filthy (or is this a plan !?) instead of shooting tapes based on the real exploits of our warriors.
Conclusion
The Wehrmacht in the first weeks was able to prevail in the hardest battle, but only tactically and situationally. Strategically, he was defeated in the first weeks. Every hour, day, he lost the pace of the offensive, spent opportunities and resources - they were not intended for border battles, but for the second stage of the war - the completion of the defeat of the Red Army. The second stage was to start from the 40 day of the war. As a result, on the 40 day, the Wehrmacht, exhausted in the battle of Smolensk, went on the defensive, and in the south only began an offensive against Kiev. Winning the 1941 battles of the year, the Wehrmacht sacrificed resources for future battles.
From the very beginning of the war the Red Army won a strategic victory. 11 August F. Halder wrote: "The general situation is increasingly evident that the colossus-Russia ... was underestimated by us." And he is right, Germany made a strategic mistake by starting a war with the USSR, like France had before it in 1812 ...
Sources of:
Halder F. Military Diary. Daily records of the Chief of the General Staff of the Ground Forces 1939-1942 - M., 1968-1971.
Kumanev G. A., Tchaikovsky A. S. The Chekists stood to death. Kiev, 1989.
Polak T., Shows K. Asy Stalin: Encyclopedia. M., 2003.
http://che-ratnik.livejournal.com/331020.html
Information