Give socialism!
The first stage is preparatory. At this stage of the creation of a socialist enclave (if you do not like the word reserve), it is necessary to determine the region or several regions in which such modernization can be carried out. As I said, I propose to dwell on the regions of the Far East. With the exception of Yakutia and possibly Chukotka. The reason for the exclusion of Yakutia is clear; the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is already a rather autonomous entity in the federation, and unnecessary problems with the division of powers and the sharing of wealth with local elites are not needed. As for Chukotka, there is practically no economically active population and opportunities for the development of economic projects. However, the exclusion of the Chukotka Autonomous Region is completely not necessarily from my point of view, in contrast to Yakutia. Thus, for the creation of the Far Eastern Socialist Republic (DVSR), the following territorial entities of the Far Eastern Federal District remain: Amur Oblast, the Jewish Autonomous Region, Khabarovsk Territory, Sakhalin Oblast, Magadan Oblast, Kamchatka Territory. In principle, it is possible to exclude the Sakhalin region, where large capitalist projects like Sakhalin-1 and Sakhalin-2 are developing. This may meet with additional resistance from the owners. Although, again, this is completely optional.
It is also necessary to conduct a legal training issue. To legalize the status of the region, to hold a referendum among the population of the region, to make changes to the legal acts related to the creation of a new region. However, these are purely mechanical questions. More interesting are the questions that will consolidate the socialist development of the region.
Thus, it is necessary either to adopt a law or to sign a presidential decree on a moratorium on the transfer into private hands of any state, regional and municipal property in the territory of the region. The deadline for the cancellation of the moratorium may well be tied to an internal referendum in the region. Create a statistical compendium of the region in which to reflect the economic indicators of the region to organize planning. The presence of state-owned enterprises and their economic indicators. Since it is they who will become the pioneers of a socialist planned economy. Announce and fix the law financing: the money will be allocated by the federal center according to existing programs. Create a legal basis for the relationship of the region with the divisions of federal companies and natural monopolies on the basis of long-term contracts. Create a legal framework for the fiscal service of the region in the form of a separate division of the Federal Tax Service. And also create a legal framework for the introduction of special tax regimes - the socialist "simplified". In which the interest rate of the single tax will be laid all taxes and fees, including social ones. Most likely, this can be done on the basis of the proclamation of the region as a special economic zone. Some peculiarities of a legal nature will probably require the adoption of a separate Federal Law, such as, for example, in the Yantar FEZ in the Kaliningrad region. Another important component of the preparation is the creation of a uniform wage grid for regulating wages. My opinion is that the ETS should have a 4 grade (unskilled workers, skilled workers, engineers, managers). And each of the four ranks must have 10 sub-categories. Moreover, the 3 subdivision should overlap with the lower discharge. Thus, the 1-3 subdivision of the 2-th category - skilled workers, must overlap with the 8-10 sub-categories of the 1-th category. This is to take into account the prestige of qualifying growth without careerism. Specific figures in the ETS should be determined on the basis of the economic model created on the basis of statistical data on the regional economy, taking into account the need for financing from the budget of the region at least the minimum prescribed pension and social obligations.
2 th stage. Zero five-year plan. Within the framework of the zero five-year plan, a gradual restructuring of the regional economy should take place on a socialist basis. In the first year of the five-year plan, it is necessary to create a bank that will perform the functions of a budgetary bank in the region, a non-state pension fund, and a special division of the Federal Tax Service. Also, the State Planning Committee should be created, which will develop a program for the remaining 4 years on the basis of economic statistics and federal financing laws. In the goal-oriented part of the program, the need to create production facilities and infrastructure should be included, which will be used as a basis for the further development of the region. The main part should be spelled out and economically justified specific infrastructure and production projects. In particular - a list of industries that can provide the financial base of the region. Emphasis must be placed on heavy industry. In the Far Eastern regions there is a significant number of ports and shipyards, some of which require modernization and / or sound management. For example, Amur shipbuilding can be loaded with orders for the creation of tourist ships and ships of the river-sea class. Large shipyards can be loaded by creating ships for shipping companies that are being organized. Do not forget about the military order. These investments will quickly begin to generate income. I want to note that it is not PROFIT, which is the goal of capitalist construction, namely, income. Naturally, the payback period is important, but to a lesser extent than the increase in gross domestic product. Newly created enterprises should be directed to the manufacture of production equipment in order to create a basis for new industrialization.
As an example of infrastructure projects, I can cite the development of BAM, which has been talked about for quite some time, and the creation of a branch to Nikolaevsk-on-Amur. A promising area of investment is the reconstruction of a powerful small aviation. Since large airports are mainly in the hands of private owners, it is necessary to invest in the development of one or more of the state airports - Khurba, Yelizovo or other regional GUP airports as hubs and bases for a regional airline. And also to small airports and the development of MVL aviation on the basis of an economical An-2 aircraft, which can reliably connect the settlements of the region over long distances and at the same time be economically justified.
As a secondary direction, funded on a residual basis, a budget trade network can be created (for example, the Veteran store chain in Khabarovsk and other cities of the Khabarovsk Territory) as an alternative to commercial trade and price stabilization through centralized supply excluding resellers. Such projects usually pay for themselves fairly quickly.
As part of the creation and expansion of enterprises, new jobs will appear, which will solve the problem of unemployment and, possibly, attract specialists from other regions. Also, the development of industry and infrastructure will allow to download technical education in the region by increasing the number of target groups in educational institutions.
Thus, within the framework of the zero five-year plan with the use of funds transferred to the region of a part of federal, regional and municipal enterprises and federal subsidies, it is necessary to create a financial base for the subsequent industrial construction. The main areas of application of funds include: tourism, large-scale machine-building, machine-tool construction, transport, woodworking, sea and river natural resources. I leave the mineral resources of the region outside the interests of the socialist economy, so as not to overlap with the interests of the resource oligarchs indicated in the comments to the last article.
3 th stage. The first five years. As part of the development and implementation of the plans of the first five-year plan, priority should be given to highly profitable high-tech industries. And again the most important point is the income, not the payback period. Given the concentration of funds in the hands of Gosplan, they can be accumulated for high-cost projects, which, however, can bring a good annual profit. This will allow not to slow down the pace of industrialization. The basis for the continuation of industrialization should be old enterprises and enterprises created in the zero five-year period. If necessary, federal investments can be replaced either by loans from the same federal center, or by domestic loans from the population, forcing the population’s cash savings to work. From the point of view of capitalist laws, there is no crime here. You can also indirectly attract funds from commercial banks, which will willingly give loans to the population, given its high solvency guaranteed by the regional authorities. This may allow to attract significant funds, for example, in construction, in the form of a mortgage.
It is necessary to reorganize the commercial sector of the economy in order to link it to the socialist economic model. This will be achieved by the widespread introduction of self-regulatory organizations, which will be organized according to sectoral and territorial criteria. The creation of an SRO system, which has been fully developed at the present time, will allow solving several problems at once - both the conjunction of a socialist economy with private business and the private business itself. So, through regional SROs (which are associations of SROs), work plans developed by the State Planning Board in the form of a state order, which will be distributed among entrepreneurs and organizations in SROs, can be lowered to merchants. It is also possible to regulate the number of commercial organizations that are members of an SRO by issuing credits through SRO systems for the development and / or opening of business in those places and industries where it is necessary and, possibly, transferring organizations to other regions with cost recovery. At the same time, according to the law, SROs have the right to establish their requirements for their members. This will allow, for example, to introduce labor compensation in the ETS in commercial structures. Also, entrepreneurs themselves will be in a better position, since they will be provided with work, financing and support. I will give an example. A possible solution to the problem of the dominance of Chinese consumer goods could be the organization of an SRO in the field of tailoring, which private entrepreneurs will join - simple women housewives who are engaged in tailoring. Through SROs, they can be centralized, through lending, to provide equipment for work.
Also regional SRO can purchase and distribute consumables and organize, if necessary, sales through socialist trade networks. In this way, it will be possible to solve the problem of providing the middle class with good and varied clothing and footwear. At the same time SROs will be self-financing organizations working at the expense of their members.
At the same stage, the transfer of education to planned indicators is carried out in linking the graduation of students in technical universities and colleges with the order of enterprises. To meet the most urgent needs, you can use the opportunities of advanced training and additional training / retraining, which is quite normal at present. However, this will make it possible to completely withdraw from commercial education in technical schools, which may remain in humanitarian institutions.
Also important will be the task of ensuring social justice. Among the priorities is the reduction in the cost of food and basic necessities. To do this, it is necessary to oust wholesale dealers from the market, replacing them with a single wholesale network, possibly two, for food and consumer goods. They will be able to centrally purchase goods. They have private sellers and socialist retailers will be able to purchase them at discounted prices. To oust commercial wholesalers and large retail chains from the market, you can apply dumping schemes due to excess financing. You can also lure employees away from them - both in terms of wages and, for example, in the provision of housing, at least in the beginning, in the form of dormitories. If some networks withstand such competition, then at least they will be forced to reach the same economic performance indicators.
Double load can bear the construction industry. On the one hand, it solves social issues - housing, on the other hand, it can pull free funds of the population and entrepreneurs into the economy. Naturally, we are talking about social housing, and only as an exception, about housing of the elite class at a higher cost, if it is in demand.
Of course, the successful implementation of the projects will make moving to a socialist region attractive for the population of other regions of the Russian Federation. That will give the opportunity to complete the production with a sufficient number of personnel.
After the implementation of the plans of the first five-year plan, which will create the basis for further development, the leadership of the region can start creating enterprises for competition and ousting large commercial enterprises from the market of the region. You can begin to create enterprises for the production of consumer goods as import-substituting enterprises, to start implementation on the basis of the existing scientific potential of scientific programs, and, of course, gradually, to develop social programs. For all that, we must not forget about the development and modernization of existing industry.
Of course, they can point out to me that I have not reflected the issues of the fight against corruption, ideology, the protection of the socialist enclave from capitalist predators. This is the subject of the next article.
PS In the wake of recent events ... I have another candidate for the socialist enclave - the Republic of Crimea. She has everything to start - good money that was transferred for the rental of bases fleet, port infrastructure and shipbuilding, a developed recreational industry, an educated and able-bodied population, which, judging by the situation, will only arrive ...
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