Become solid at the sea. Fedor Fedorovich Ushakov

4


"... do not keep to the rules, like a blind wall, because orders are written there, and there are no times or occasions."
Peter I


The activities of Fedor Fedorovich Ushakov left a deep imprint on the development of the sea power of our state. His military way and naval victories are forever inscribed in the tablets of the Russian storiesand devotion to faith, service, and Fatherland is an example for many generations of Russian soldiers. The whole strategy and tactics of the brilliant naval commander were subordinated to only one goal - the destruction of the enemy. He never neglected caution and at the same time never was afraid to engage in a battle with a stronger opponent. Fedor Fedorovich always considered the main factor of victories to be the courage and fortitude of his sailors. He tirelessly took care of the squadron personnel, the thought-out education system and the humane attitude to the simple seaman in many ways related him to Suvorov, who highly valued the moral qualities of the Russian people. The admiral often repeated to his officers: "Remember the immutable rule - the commander of the ship is revered by the father of the entire crew."

Fedor Ushakov was born 24 in February 1745 of the year in the village of Burnakovo, lying in the Yaroslavl province. He came from a poor noble family. His father, Fedor Ignatievich, and his mother, Paraskeva Nikitichna, were people of strict morality, deeply religious. Noble youths in the post-Peter times it was customary to determine the Guard. He served in the Life Guards Preobrazhensky Regiment and the father of the future admiral. Returning to his native village, Fedor Ignatievich engaged in raising children and household troubles. The Ushakov family was counted in the parish of the Church of the Epiphany-on-Island, which stood on the banks of the Volga near Burnakovo. In this temple, little Fedor was baptized; in the same place, in the school for noble children, he was trained in counting and reading and writing.

In the rural wilderness there was enough space for physical development. The boy grew up active and mobile, loved hunting and fishing. With adults repeatedly went to the bear. The qualities found in childhood — fearlessness, conscious risk-taking — were later strengthened in the character of Ushakov. Modest, compliant in ordinary conditions, Fedor Fedorovich transformed into moments of danger.

At sixteen, the future admiral was presented to the Senate’s Heraldry Office for a review, where he expressed a strong desire to study at the Naval Cadet Corps, located in St. Petersburg. It was there that Ushakov was credited in February 1761. He was distinguished by good studies, diligently comprehended the sciences taught. He expressed a special desire for history, navigation and arithmetic. Five years later, among the best students, Fyodor graduated from the corps, was awarded the rank of midshipman and sworn in - "I swear and promise ... to serve indistinctly and faithfully, to the last drop of blood, not sparing his stomach ...". The whole future life of Fedor Fedorovich was proof that he did not change this oath in anything.

After graduating from the corps in 1766, Ushakov was sent to the Baltic Galley Fleet. The North Seas are rarely calm, and for a young officer this was good practice. The first years of service were spent in intensive study under the guidance of experienced sailors. Thanks to diligence, zeal for the tasks entrusted, inquiring mind and high moral qualities, midshipman Ushakov was highly appreciated by his commanders. A few years later he was transferred to Azov flotilla. Fedor Fedorovich received his first combat experience during the Russian-Turkish war of 1768-1774. At this time, he was already sailing on the Black Sea as the captain of a small ship. Not content with participating in hostilities, young Ushakov studied in detail the actions of our fleet in the Mediterranean Sea, in particular in the Chesme and Navarino battles, as well as in the Seven Years War. Since the end of spring 1781, Fedor Fedorovich, heading the battleship Victor, sailed the Mediterranean Sea as part of the Sukhotin squadron.

In 1775, the Empress decided to create a linear fleet on the Black Sea. At 1778, thirty kilometers above the mouth of the Dnieper, an admiralty was built and the city and port of Kherson was founded. Work began on the creation of slipways for ships, but due to the great difficulties in delivering timber from the deep regions of Russia, the buildings were delayed. The case began to get better with the arrival of the teams on the vessels under construction. In August, Fedor Ushakov came to 1783 in Kherson, by that time already the captain of the second rank.

At the same time, a plague broke out in the city. Everywhere, quarantine was established because it was believed that the disease was spreading by air. In order to ward off the plague, people fumigated homes, and set fires on the streets. However, the epidemic only intensified. Despite the need to continue building ships, the order was given to completely stop the work, leaving all forces to fight the disease. The crews of the ships were assigned to the steppe. Healers were sorely lacking, officers took upon themselves responsibilities. Fedor Ushakov developed his own quarantine mode. He broke his people into an artel, each of which had a tent of reeds with goats for airing the linen. At a distance from them, there was a hospital tent, to which all the sick were immediately sent. Their clothes, along with things while being burned. Communication between the artels was prohibited, and people who communicated with the diseased were transferred to quarantine. Followed all this himself Ushakov. As a result of Fedor Fedorovich’s actions, the plague among his people ended five months earlier than in other teams. In the most difficult time, the captain did not send anyone to an overcrowded general hospital, which saved many from certain death. The manifested effort did not go unnoticed, “for skillful actions” Ushakov was made a captain of the first rank and was awarded the Order of Saint Vladimir of the fourth degree.

In the summer of 1785, Fyodor Ushakov sailed on the ship “St. Paul” to Sevastopol from Kherson. And 11 August 1787 Turkey declared war on Russia. Two immediately deployed army - Yekaterinoslav G.A. Potemkin and Ukrainian PA Rumyantsev received instructions to protect the borders of the country. Only the Sevastopol fleet had orders to act decisively. And the first battle was not long in coming. Opponents found each other 29 June 1788, and on July 3, Fidonisi had a naval battle. Having a triple advantage in guns, the Turks attacked in two columns, one of which struck the vanguard headed by Fedor Fedorovich, and the second rushed to the rest of the Russian squadron, seeking to paralyze it and not to let it help. The enemy first opened fire on the Russian avant-garde - two battleships and two 50-gun frigates. Since the distance did not allow our sailors to effectively shoot 12-pounder guns, Ushakov decided to perform a daring maneuver. He gave the order to the captains of the frigates to bypass the leading Turkish ships on the windward side, putting them "in two flames". "St. Paul" also went to a strong counterattack. “Having used art and diligence”, while maneuvering, Fedor Fedorovich deprived the commander of the Turkish ships of the opportunity to surround his ships and seize them aboard. As a result of the battle at close ranges, the enemy’s flagship was seriously damaged. The Turks abandoned their original plans and chose to leave the battlefield.



This battle had no special influence on the position of the entire campaign, however it was wonderful in another. The small Russian squadron for the first time won a victory over superior enemy forces in open battle. Leading only the vanguard, Ushakov actually managed the battle of the entire fleet. Only thanks to his personal courage, skillful tactical moves and outstanding qualities of the commander was it possible to solve the battle in our favor. His attack could have borne much fruit if not for the inaction of the commander of the entire Voinovich squadron, who did not support Ushakov and limited himself to a rare exchange of fire with the ships of the second part of the Turkish forces. In the report, however, Fyodor Fyodorovich attributed all the success to the actions of his subordinates:
“Everyone in the team entrusted to me by“ St. Paul ”, the positions determined by him from me were performed with such a brave spirit and excellent diligence that I consider it necessary for me to honor them with a worthy praise ...”.


From that moment on, the true formation of the Black Sea Fleet began, its famous fighting traditions began to be laid. The first year of the war ended with convincing victories of the Russian sailors who brought the Ottoman Porto "into incredible fear and horror." At the beginning of 1790, Fyodor Ushakov received the rank of Rear Admiral and was put in command of the entire Black Sea Fleet. In May, he visited a squadron under the walls of Anapa and Sinop, destroying enemy ships, scouting Turkish fortresses, and causing panic to their garrisons. In the middle of summer 1790, next to the Kerch Strait, a new major battle took place, in which Ushakov again won a brilliant victory. He wrote: "I myself am surprised at the courage and agility of my people." Perhaps such fearlessness shown by the participants of the battle speaks about the example of their commander. Russian sailors already knew: where Ushakov is - there is a victory! Potemkin informed the Empress:
"... the battle was fierce, and for us it’s even more glorious because the rear admiral attacked the enemy twice as strong as himself ..., smashed and drove hard until nightfall ..."




After the defeat at Kerch, Turkish ships scattered all over the sea again began to gather in one squadron. Selim III - Turkish Sultan, wanted revenge. In order to help commander Gassan Pasha, he sent an experienced sailor, Admiral Said Bey, suggesting that he could reverse the development of events in his favor. But it is one thing to presume, and another thing is to meet face to face with the squadron of Ushakov. On August 28, early in the morning, sailors of the Turkish fleet anchored between Tendra island and Hajibay (in the future Odessa), were surprised to find the Russian fleet sailing on them under full sail from Sevastopol. The sight of our ships brought the Turks into terrible confusion. Despite a numerical superiority, their ships began to leave for the Danube. The squadron of Ushakov, approaching the distance of the shotgun, attacked the Turks with all the power of the onboard artillery. The beginning of the battle was striking in its grandeur. After an hour and a half of the battle, the Turkish ships, having suffered losses in personnel and received severe injuries, began one after another to go out of line. The pursuit of randomly retreating ships continued until darkness and resumed the next day. In pursuit of the Turks, the Russian squadron cut off and surrounded two battleships. One of them - "Meleki-Bahri" - was later captured, the other - the flagship Said Bey, 74-gun "Capudania", bravely defended until well-aimed shots from the "Nativity of Christ" knocked off all the masts. Only after that on the "Kapudaniya" lowered the flag. Subsequently, Ushakov reported: “People from the Turkish ship, jumping up, asked for mercy and salvation. Noticing this, I ordered the fight to stop and send armed boats to rescue, because during the battle Admiral Said Bey’s desperation and bravery were unlimited. He did not hand over the ship until he was utterly defeated. ” The Russian sailors managed to take Said Bey and most of his crew with a flaming “Kapudania”, after which the flagship took off. “Ours, such a pepper was given to the Turks, what is love,” Prince Potemkin enthusiastically responded about this event.



The Russian-Turkish war at sea ended in 1791, the brilliant victory of Fyodor Fedorovich at Cape Kaliakria. Turkish ships stood on the outskirts of the cape in line under the cover of coastal batteries. As before, Tendra’s appearance of the Russians was a complete surprise to the enemy. Being in the wind, Ushakov, taking advantage of the turmoil in the camp of the enemy, made an amazing decision - to conduct a fleet in a marching camp, consisting of three columns, between Turkish ships and a scorching coastal battery. The battle was overwhelming. The ships of the Turks were so constrained that they fell into each other. Ushakov on the flagship "Christmas" got close to the ship commander, the Algerian Seit Ali. The nucleus from the Russian ship was blown to the fore-stegnog shattered pieces, and the slipped sliver wounded Seit-Ali in the chin. Algerian leader, boasting of the capture of Ushakov, the bloody was taken to the cabin. The Russian ships at that time were completing the rout of the enemy, and only the change of the wind, powder smoke and the darkness that came saved the fleet of the Turks from complete destruction. The enemy lost twenty-eight ships, the rest was scattered across the sea. Soon the remnants of the flotilla of the “glorious Algerian” reached the fortresses of the Bosporus. The sight of five linear and five small ships was terrifying. “Many without masts were damaged to continue to serve,” the decks are overwhelmed with wounded, and to top it off, the sinking ship Seit Ali, asking for help with cannon volleys, entered the raid. "Great! Our fleet is no more! ”, - they reported to the Turkish Sultan.

The victory at Kaliakria greatly influenced the outcome of the entire campaign. A peace treaty was concluded in Iasi on December 29 of 1791. For this victory, Rear Admiral Fyodor Ushakov was granted the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky. The Turks were afraid to meet on the high seas with the formidable admiral, who received the nickname “Ushak Pasha” from them. Until the signing of the treaty, they did not dare to pop out of the Bosphorus Strait. In this war, Fyodor Fyodorovich created a new agile tactic, fundamentally different from the linear one adopted in his times. Its main features were: the allocation of a reserve, the use of a single martial-combat order, a rapid rapprochement with the enemy without rebuilding a short distance, the concentration of fire on the flagships of the enemy, the pursuit of the enemy to capture or complete destruction. Each battle conducted by Ushakov contained new tactical techniques corresponding to specific conditions. The saturation of each of his battles with new tricks, their skillful combination with the previously known ones, clearly demonstrate with what phenomenal speed Fyodor Fedorovich knew how to navigate the situation and find the right solutions. Ushakov also attached great importance to the fire and naval training of personnel. Tense study in war and peacetime was the style of the admiral's daily activities. Ushakov paid considerable attention to the study of the enemy, the organization of intelligence.

Freed from military affairs, the renowned naval commander returned to Sevastopol, over whom he took command even at the beginning of the war. Here he immediately began repairing the ships, building small ships. With his personal participation, new wharves were established on the shores of local bays, and barracks and a hospital were built in the healthiest, most elevated places. Fedor Fedorovich took care of the construction of wells, markets, roads, and the supply of the city with all vital supplies. Often, government sums assigned to the maintenance of the Black Sea Fleet did not arrive on time. In this case, Ushakov allocated money from his own funds in order not to stop work. At the beginning of 1793, the Empress called him to Petersburg. She wanted to see a sailor who acquired such loud fame, and found in him "a modest man, straightforward, new to the peculiarities of high life." In the same year, Fedor Fedorovich became vice-admiral.

In 1796, Paul I ascended the throne. This was the time when revolutionary France “turned to the enslavement of neighboring states”. Ushakov was ordered to bring the Black Sea Fleet into combat readiness. Some time later, Sultan Selim III, accepting the proposal of the Russian Emperor about an alliance against France, asked to send him an auxiliary squadron. In August, 1798 Fedor Fedorovich was given the Highest order "to follow and assist the Turkish fleet against the intentions of the malicious France." The Turks met our fleet surprisingly friendly. They were amazed at the neatness and strict order that prevailed on the ships. One influential grandee noted that “a dozen Russian ships make less noise than one Turkish boat”. After staying in Constantinople for two weeks and "giving the Turks an experience of unprecedented discipline and order," on September 8, the Russian squadron took off from the anchor and headed towards the Dardanelles, where it joined the main Turkish forces. Ushakov was appointed commander of the combined fleet. The Turks entrusted their ships to him completely, their leader Kadir Bey honored the Russian Vice-Admiral "like a teacher."

Thus began the famous Mediterranean campaign of Ushakov. The main task of his squadron was the capture of the Ionian Islands, the most important of which, Corfu, was hitherto considered impregnable. The local inhabitants of the islands occupied by the French were Orthodox Greeks, and Fyodor Fyodorovich acted wisely by addressing them with a written appeal in which he urged them to help "in overthrowing the atheists." The answer was the armed assistance of the population. How desperately did the French beat, the Russian landing force weapons they cleared the islands of Cerigo, Kefalonia, Zante, the Holy Moor. 10 November 1798 Ushakov noted in the report: "... except for Corfu, all the other islands were freed from the hands of the French." After that, collecting all the forces, the Vice-Admiral laid siege to Corfu. The tight blockade of the island deprived the French garrison of the possibility of receiving outside assistance. And in order to prevent their attempts to procure food, a landing force was landed on Corfu. At the tip of the island were built batteries, which since November began to conduct a systematic firing of fortifications in order to deplete the enemy.



Still, the assault of the most powerful European fortress for many experienced soldiers seemed an impossible task - Ushakov did not have siege artillery, there were not enough ground forces. Help from the Turkish squadron was also much less than the hassle and trouble. For all their readiness to cooperate, the foreigners were so wild and unorganized that Ushakov preferred to keep them behind their forces, not admitting to business. In addition, disruptions in the supply of ammunition, food and materials necessary for the repair of ships began. Under the contract, all of this was obliged to provide the Turkish side, however, quite often there were inconsistencies due to abuses of Turkish officials. The landing ships of the Turks, collected from the Albanian coast, instead of the promised fourteen thousand people brought two-thirds less. In addition to the problems with the allies, the siege was complicated by the stubborn resistance of the defenders and the unusually harsh winter for the south of Europe. Admiral, maintaining morale, gave the sailors examples of tireless activity, "staying day and night in the works, teaching the sailors to fire, to land, and to other actions of the land warriors."

The siege period lasted for three and a half months. The assault began on 18 on February 1799, at seven o'clock in the morning. Fedor Fedorovich’s combat instructions were pumped with the words:
"... to act prudently, with courage and in accordance with the laws." The first strike of the Russian squadron fell on Vido Island, covering the main fortress from the sea. Eyewitnesses reported: "... the unfortunate island was completely blown up by a canister ..., there was not even a tree not damaged by this iron hail ...". The Turkish ships were behind the Russians, the admiral wrote: “they fired at the island, if they did, then they put us through a couple of cores ...”



Russian squadron under the command of FF Ushakov, marching 1799 through the Strait of Constantinople - Ivanov Mikhail Matveyevich (1748-1823)


After the batteries on the island were destroyed, the landing of the landing force, planted on the rowing boats in advance, began. Having fixed themselves on the coast, the assault detachments under the cover of naval artillery moved into the middle of the island. Turkish warriors, who were part of the landing force, fiercely resisted, killed everyone they fell into their hands. Witnesses described the violent scenes that took place: “For every head Muslims were given a chervontsu ..., our officers and sailors, seeing all their beliefs that were not valid, became their own money to buy the prisoners”.
At two o'clock in the afternoon, the defense of Vido fell, and the very next day the main stronghold of Corfu fell. It was the day of the great triumph of Fyodor Ushakov, the triumph of his strong will and military talent, supported by the courage and skill of his subordinates, their trust in their leader and his confidence in their courage. Captured General Pivron was in such horror that at the meal at Ushakov he could not hold the spoon in his trembling hands. Upon learning of victory, Suvorov cried out: “Hooray for the Russian fleet! I say to myself: why wasn’t Corfu even a midshipman? ” For this victory, the Emperor Pavel I granted Fyodor Fyodorovich the rank of admiral. This was the last award he received from the sovereigns of Russia.

After the suspension of hostilities, Ushakov continued to carry out the tasks assigned to him. He was ordered to create a new statehood on the liberated islands. Fedor Fedorovich, as a representative of Russia and a faithful servant of the Fatherland, without giving up his Christian convictions, managed to organize a form of government on the Ionian Islands, called the Republic of the Seven United Islands, which became the first Greek national state of the new time. Subsequently, Ushakov said that
"Had the good fortune to free these islands, establish governments and keep consent and peace in them"
. At the same time, Fedor Fedorovich had to undergo considerable moral suffering. In particular, the Russian envoy in Constantinople VS Tomara in a secret message told him that he needed
“Than can mutually annoy France and Porto and not force the Turks ... Let them what they want, do with the prisoners of the French. Burden them you should not and impossible. "


Meanwhile, the task of Fedor Fedorovich in the Mediterranean Sea has not yet been completed. In Northern Italy, our troops under the command of Suvorov crushed the "invincible" French army. Alexander Vasilievich asked Ushakov to support him from the south. Two great sons of Russia, being in close cooperation, beat the enemies on land and at sea, showing the whole world what the Russian army was. Rapid groups of ships with troops, moving along the south-west coast of Italy and along the Adriatic, terrified the French garrisons. However, the activity of our naval commander was greatly complicated by the wiles of the commander of the “Allied” British squadron, the famous Admiral Horatio Nelson. He sought to prevent our troops from gaining a foothold in the Ionian archipelago, in every way he tried to distract Ushakov from the Adriatic Sea and Malta and send our squadron to the Levant. For this, he sent gifts and honorable reports to Paul I, kindled hostility towards the Russians from the Turkish commanders who acted together with Ushakov. Fedor Fedorovich did not fall for the Englishman’s tricks, boldly and honestly expressed his disagreement with him and continued to follow a firm line on the protection of the interests of our country in the Mediterranean. The calm politeness of the Russian admiral unnerved Nelson, in his correspondence he stated:
“He behaves so high that he is just disgusting ..., under his courteous appearance lies a bear ...”.


Our sailors took Bari, then Naples, and while preparing for the attack on Rome, Nelson reappeared on the scene. Not wanting to see Russians in the Eternal City, he secretly sent the French a proposal for surrender with extremely favorable conditions for them. In particular, the French were allowed to keep their weapons and again conduct military operations. In addition, the British promised on their ships to send them to France. Naturally, the French agreed to such a "surrender." Ushakov, deeply perturbed by the betrayal, didn’t cancel his march on Rome. 30 September 1799 Russian sailors solemnly entered the city left by the French. They still had to seize Malta, but at the end of the year, Russia's relations with the allies finally went wrong, and the admiral received Paul’s order to return with the squadron entrusted to him back to Sevastopol. Having prepared the ships for a long voyage, Fedor Fedorovich forever said goodbye to the beloved Islands. The Senate of Corfu offered him a diamond-adorned sword. And on the medals of pure gold from the inhabitants of the island of Ithaca was engraved:
"Fyodor Ushakov, the chief commander of the Russian naval forces, the courageous liberator of Ithaki"
. No less memorable were the gifts from the other Islands. Nevertheless, the admiral, who knew too well the vicissitudes of high politics, left the Ionian Islands with a deep sense of alarm for their future fate.

October 26 1800, a squadron of Ushakov entered the Sevastopol Bay. And on the night of March 11, 1801 was killed by conspirators Paul. The Russian throne was occupied by his son, Alexander I, and Russia's policy has changed dramatically. Fedor Fedorovich transferred to St. Petersburg. At the Court, opinions were expressed about the uselessness of a large fleet for a “land” country. Even the minister of the sea said that the fleet "is a burdensome luxury." The merits of Ushakov did not impress Alexander I, who appointed him in May 1802 to the secondary position of commander of the Baltic galley fleet. In 1804, Ushakov prepared a detailed report on his service to the Fatherland, in which he summarized his work:
"Thanksgiving to the Lord, with all the battles with the enemy and during the fleet under my command, by preserving the Highest Grace, not a single ship from it was lost and not a single person from our enemy was captured."


It should be noted that ordinary people often came to the admiral's house in the northern capital asking for help. He provided some of those in need with clothes and money, and for others he bothered before wealthy gentlemen. In addition, he took upon himself the guardianship and protection of the orphaned nephews. In addition to the command of the Baltic rowing fleet, he was chairman of the qualification commission at the Naval Cadet Corps and head of the Petersburg naval teams. All the duties of Fedor tried to perform with diligence and jealousy, as was typical of him in any case. But the years have made themselves felt. Diseases worsened, mental afflictions multiplied. The admiral followed with pain the events taking place in Europe - one of the stages of the Franco-Russian war ended, the Tilsit peace treaty passed, the Emperor of Russia became Napoleon's ally, and the Ionian Islands were transferred to the French. All this Fedor Fedorovich had to go through.

Ushakov filed resignation with Alexander I 19 December 1806. After retiring from official business, he remained in St. Petersburg for a while, continuing to help his nephews and in preparation for the move. At home, in the Yaroslavl province, the admiral had several small villages, there was also a land plot near Sevastopol. However, the soul of the famous sailor requested solitude and peace. Fedor Fedorovich decided to go to the Tambov province, in the quiet village of Alekseevka. This place was located not far from the Nativity of the Virgin Monastery, in which, during the feats of arms of Ushakov, his uncle monk lived - the Venerable Theodore of Sanaksari. In the 1810 year, before leaving the capital, Ushakov, “remembering with what suddenness the mortal happens,” he prepared a testament. Having never had a family and children, the admiral gave all his poor possessions to his nephews, writing:
“I honor them as my children and for the good of them I am zealous as a father”
.

For the rest of his life, Fedor Fedorovich lived in the village of Alekseyevka in his own house. He lived alone, only on Sundays and holidays arriving at the monastery at the service. From time to time he donated large sums to the monastery, and also with alms helped the neighboring tramps and beggars. When the Patriotic War began, all the Russian people rose up to fight against Napoleon’s army. In the Tambov province militia was created to protect the motherland. At the provincial assembly nobility Fyodor Fyodorovich was elected by a majority of votes the head of the Tambov internal militia. However, the sixty-seven-year-old sailor refused:
“With diligence and jealousy, I would like to accept this post and serve the Fatherland, however, because of the great weakness of health and illness, I cannot take it upon myself and fulfill it”
. Meanwhile, Ushakov participated in the design and maintenance of the hospital for the wounded, contributed a sum of money to the formation of the Tambov Infantry Regiment. And they were given twenty thousand rubles for the benefit of those who suffered from the war: “I had a long desire to distribute all this money to wandering and needy people who did not have food, clothing and shelter.” And about the French invading the country, the admiral said: “Do not despair! The terrible storms of these still turn to the glory of Russia. " Ushakov spent the rest of his days “extremely abstinent,” ending his life on October 14 of the year. He was buried in accordance with his wishes in the Sanaksar monastery.

After the death of the famous admiral, almost two centuries passed. His covenants lived many generations of Russian naval commanders and sailors, who multiplied the glory of the Russian fleet. When the time came for the persecution of the church, the monastery where Fedor Ushakov was laid to rest was closed, and the chapel, erected over the grave of the naval commander, was destroyed. During World War II, Fedor Fedorovich’s military victories were remembered again. The medal and the Order of Admiral Ushakov were introduced, which became the highest awards for the sailors. And his name, along with the names of Dmitry Donskoy, Alexander Nevsky and Alexander Suvorov, inspired the defenders of the Fatherland for new feats.

In 1991, the Sanaksari Monastery was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. Panikhida began to serve at the grave of Ushakov, pilgrims come to worship Fedor Fedorovich. The Commission for the canonization of saints of the Russian Orthodox Church, having carefully considered the works of the admiral in the ministry of Russia, did not find any obstacles to canonization. At the end of 2000, Patriarch of All Russia Alexy II blessed to glorify Fyodor Ushakov in the countenance of the righteous.

According to the materials of the sites http://www.st-nikolas.orthodoxy.ru and http://www.navy.ru
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4 comments
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  1. parus2nik
    +2
    24 February 2014 07: 56
    Man ...
  2. +1
    24 February 2014 10: 54
    There were people in due time!
  3. +4
    24 February 2014 11: 07
    Ushakov Monument at Cape Kaliakria in Bulgaria. When he smashed the fleet of the Ottoman Empire, all of Bulgaria rejoiced.
  4. +1
    24 February 2014 16: 10
    Ushak-Pasha =) As the Turks dignified, respected and feared)
  5. +2
    5 July 2014 17: 02
    Nice time. nice people. No wonder Ushakov and Suvorov were friends.
  6. 0
    20 July 2020 11: 18
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