How the IL-76MD-90А was created

On February 9, 1977, Sergei Ilyushin, an outstanding Soviet aircraft designer, Colonel General of the Engineering and Technical Service, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, died. OKB, which he headed, is today considered one of the leading Russian enterprises for the development of aircraft. Among the aircraft designed by Ilyushin residents, is also included the IL-76 - a heavy transport aircraft, which forms the basis of the military transport aviation Russia and Ukraine and consisting of many countries of the CIS and non-CIS countries.
Now in Ulyanovsk, the assembly of the first serial IL-76MD-90А, an upgraded version of the famous military transport worker, is being completed. We have collected five facts about the car, which already this year should go into service in the air forces of the Russian Federation.

PROJECT "476"

IL-76 was collected at the Tashkent Chkalov Aviation Production Association. Since the 70-s in the enterprise, in total, about 1000 aircraft were built, of which more than 100 was sent for export.

The decision to transfer the production of Il-76 aircraft to Ulyanovsk was made in March 2006 by the President of the Russian Federation. Aviastar-SP Aviation Plant, created for the production of large aircraft (An-124 Ruslan), was at that time loaded to a minimum. The decision was made in a short time. April 3 on Aviastar held an emergency management meeting. And on the same day at 23.00, proposals were sent to the United Aircraft Building Corporation, including full information about production facilities, personnel, the level of digital technology of the enterprise, cooperation with other plants, and possible rates of production.
14 July 2006 was issued by the government of the Russian Federation to organize the production of IL-76 aircraft in Russia. The project received the code name "476".

FIRST "DIGIT"

In total, the work on the deep modernization of the Il-76 aircraft took five years. Both designers and future manufacturers worked actively. The Ulyanovsk Aviation Plant in a short time made a “digital revolution”: previously, the planes were built here using a template-based method (when the mock-up of parts was cut out, in full size, from metal). IL-76MD-90А was the first aircraft that the Ulyanovsk citizens made completely using digital technologies.

The transition process was laborious: while the drawings were digitized, workers were trained in computer technology. Only a small part of the drawings was released on paper (for example, an electrician), but after working on the first plane, it was transferred to an electronic model.

MAIN DIFFERENCES FROM IL-76

Despite the resemblance, the upgraded version is very different from its predecessor. IL-76MD-90А has a different wing design, designed for a large maximum take-off weight (210 tons against 190). On the wing of the base machine was a connector in the middle; now there are solid 24-meter panels, which increased the resource.

The upgraded IL is equipped with Perm engines PS-90А-76, each of which has a ton 14,5 thrust. The aircraft is aligned with the ICAO, Eurocontrol, FAA USA standards and is built with the expectation of the future: it also complies with those standards that still have to enter into force. The flight resource of the upgraded machine is designed for 35 years of operation; designers intend to extend it to 45 years.

Changes have undergone and "filling" of the aircraft. It is equipped with new onboard radio-electronic equipment, a promising flight-navigation complex "Dome-3". The new digital autopilot allows you to land on the second category of ICAO, when the aircraft is brought to a height of 30 meters above the runway in automatic mode, and then landed already in manual mode. The predecessor flew in the first category (in this case, the height of the decision - 60 meters). This innovation will expand the scope of operation of the aircraft, primarily in Europe, where weather conditions may be more "difficult."

Also, the aircraft is equipped with a so-called glass cabin. Instead of the usual analog devices, the digital display field of aircraft systems and equipment is installed here. There are eight screens in the cockpit (six for pilots and two for the navigator). This option is more informative: the pilots are much easier to perceive a compact frame, which reflects the spatial position of the aircraft, its speed, altitude and other flight parameters.

FEATURES OF THE PLANE

The developers believe that the modified aircraft will be a serious competitor to Western air "trucks". There are no analogues in the class of ramp ships today. IL-76MD-90A can be operated in any climatic conditions with virtually no restrictions. The Russian aircraft is more unpretentious, compared to Western, it does not need a special infrastructure, it does not need constant serious maintenance. This is an important quality for the operation of hard-to-reach areas.

Another feature of the modernized IL-76 is the possibility of using it in various fields: as a military transport aircraft, tanker, for extinguishing fires. The developers intend to create a civilian version of the aircraft, which will certainly be in demand by commercial airlines.

CUSTOMERS

Now the main customer of the aircraft is the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Because of this, the assembly of the “476 product” prior to the start of 2012, was behind closed doors. For the first time, the aircraft was shown to journalists in January, during a visit to the Aviastar by Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin.

According to the state contract with the military department, Ulyanovsk citizens must assemble 39 IL-76МД-90А; this year, it is expected to sign a contract for the supply of the Defense Ministry of IL-78 tankers, which will be created on the basis of IL-76MD. Also, this type of aircraft is in demand for spetsbort, which are made in Taganrog. Thus, before 2020, Ulyanovsk will have to build up to 80-83 aircraft.

In December 2013, the first stage of the state joint tests of the modernized IL-76 was completed. The crew tested the ultimate strength modes and overloads, performed flights with maximum take-off (210 tons) and landing (170 tons) weight, worked out the procedure for an aircraft to go-around in case of failure of one and two engines. The second stage of state tests is scheduled for spring. Until this date, the aircraft will need to be modified under the technical specifications of the military. The first plane to the customer Ulyanovsk should pass in November 2014 year.

Now at the aircraft factory, at different stages of readiness, there are three first serial upgraded IL-76. Ten more are laid in the workshops procuring production.

Characteristics of the IL-76MD-90A
Wingspan - 50,5 meter
Wing area - 300 square meters
46,6 meter length
Cargo cabin dimensions: length - 24,54 meters, width - 3,45 meters, height - 3,4 meters
Maximum take-off weight - 210 tons
Load capacity - up to 60 tons
Cruising speed - 780 - 850 km / h
Flight range with a load of 60 tons - 4000 km
Crew - 5 man
Number of paratroopers on board - 126

Comments

[Cormorants]

Cool plane. Thanks to the designers.

[ShturmKGB]

A successful aircraft, in fact, saved the aircraft transport industry in Russia. Allowed to quickly transfer to modern technology, thanks to the designers!

[PROXOR]

I ask the help of specialists. Why does the new IL-76MD-90A need another crew member below the cockpit? At the current level of development of visual interfaces and other systems, all this can be done by automation. And two crew members would be enough.

[Wedmak]

As far as I remember, the crew of the IL-76 is not even three people, but 4 or 5. Two pilots, a navigator, a flight engineer + people watching the cargo, both during loading / unloading and in flight, for example, when landing.

[PROXOR]

Here is the navigator and flight engineer. There are only two people on civilian liners. The aircraft AI handles everything else.

[Wedmak]

And with what to cope? With navigation? So in wartime the GPS signal will be muffled and hello? Should the AI ​​also discharge cargo?
On civilian liners, in addition to a bunch of electronics, there are also flight attendants and not a weak ground handling team at each airport. And this is a transporter, there is not always and not everywhere service, the cargo is completely different, the landing and take-off conditions are different. And in general, this aircraft often flies where civilian ships can not be.

[AVV]

Quote: Wedmak

As far as I remember, the crew of the IL-76 is not even three people, but 4 or 5. Two pilots, a navigator, a flight engineer + people watching the cargo, both during loading / unloading and in flight, for example, when landing.

And five beautiful, slender, stewardesses, but this is only in the civilian version !!!

[FID]

5 people minimum. 2 pilots, a navigator and, necessarily, a flight engineer (who will serve at non-equipped aerodromes) plus an operator of handling equipment - here is a list of the flight crew (approximate).

[Alex 241]

Hi Seryozha. Cabin IL-76MD-90A

[FID]

Hello Sasha! I'm glad to see you"! Nowadays I rarely visit the site - business trips ...

[VAF]

Quote: SSI

plus material handling operator

Seryoga, hello! This crew member was formerly called ADO flight technician. And HRV dropped out "somewhere"
And so the article .... as always ... "everything is blurred" (and, in principle, people do not really need to know how it really was).
And the main point in general .. "missed" .. so all the same .. why "took" a modification of the MD, and not a NEW DEVELOPMENT ... IL-76MF?
Well, I put a minus article (although it is clear .. girl, but ... a matter of principle)
Here's a quote: "....
The developers believe that the modified aircraft will seriously compete with Western air "trucks". There are no analogues in the class of ramp ships today. IL-76MD-90A can be operated in any climatic conditions with virtually no restrictions. The Russian plane is more unpretentious than the western ones, it does not need a special infrastructure, it does not need constant serious maintenance. "

I don’t even want to comment ..

[FID]

Serega, hello! Trucks, except the army, do not need anyone. And I wrote to you about Aviastar ..

[VAF]

Quote: SSI

! Trucks, except the army, do not need anyone. And I wrote to you about Aviastar ..

But the people ... do not know about it If only .
I went to the branch on the Su-35S .... yeah. I don’t even want to say ... or zombie or ... I don’t know what. Maybe the grass is somehow new for everyone

[FID]

Serega, and not only in aviation ... Being in the factories, like me, I know the REAL state of affairs, but people just rejoice, probably after the timelessness, although they cannot (and maybe they don’t) understand what’s happening want to). But there are also .... you understand.

[Horde]

Quote: vaf

I don’t even want to comment ..

Sergei welcome, you know you need to comment because people don’t know the truth, hang noodles on the ears of anyone with any stuff done, it's disgusting ...

[Ofellon]

part of the truth in these words is. Ukrainian IL-76 flies to Greenland and calmly withstands the night in the cold while the S-130 needs a warm hangar, because then avionics refuses and the screens crack. Words of a flight engineer from all Ukraine who flies there)

[vtur]

Quote: Ofellon

s-130 needs a warm hangar, because then avionics refuses

C-130 does not even jam the engines when loading and unloading on ice. What kind of an overnight stay are you talking about?
Actually, with regard to long-term parking, there is such a thing on airplanes as the APU, which, among other things, also works on hard currency. And how much the latter copes with very low temperatures is another question. Our IL-18 flew to Antarctica, in general, without any air conditioning on the ground with the engines turned off, and nothing ...

[Ofellon]

Em. I am an AO engineer at an aircraft repair plant) I know what the Armed Forces of Ukraine and SLE)))

[vtur]

Quote: SSI

required, flight engineer (who will serve at non-equipped aerodromes)

This is the military. And in the civilian version, 2 more engineers will be added to them (for CD and AE REOs), a total of 7 people. And everyone needs to pay ZP, per diem, pay a hotel ... So, as the plane was military, it remained ...

But, in general, a very big achievement is the rejection of PShM (plazo-template method). Finally, Ulyanovsk stepped into the XXI century!

[_Voevoda_]

In fact, the crew of IL-76 is 6 people. Commander, assistant (right pilot), navigator, flight technician, flight technician for AO, radio gunner. The new IL-76MD-90A does not have a radio operator shooter.

[Ofellon]

actually there are 7 of them: two pilots, an engineer, a radio operator, a navigator, an adolescent and a gunner.

[Ofellon]

the external inspection of the aircraft is carried out by the team, while the crew does not inspect civilian ships - they are examined by airport technicians on the "peron"

[StolzSS]

At the request of the military, he needs this 3 man; he is still more reliable than automation)

[dv-v]

the author is generally aware of what a "glass cabin" is? or, like the philistine - any apartment renovation, even from imported building materials, but the main thing is the laminate on the floor and stretch ceilings with spotlights, becomes a European renovation?

[aleksandrs95]

very rightly noted, a group of cheap materials, has become renovated.

[TAGIR]

FUTURE PLANS

[avt]

Looking forward to the series!

[Dmitry 2246]

A good aircraft a large series.
And if electronic design can be scaled both up and down, using modern materials.

[castle]

Good health to all.
On the location of the navigator’s cabin. As you, no doubt, know, on the Tu-95, Tu-22M, Tu-160 the workplace of the navigator is located next to the pilots. There navigators are sitting in special glazed cabins. And nothing, they fly and work. The fact is that remove the navigator’s cockpit on the IL-76 and the aerodynamics of the fuselage of the aircraft will immediately change. Then you have to change the layout of the bow of the aircraft with the cockpit and tail unit - keel and stabilizers. And this means a new task for designers, new parts, new matrices, new assembly, new tests, new certification. This equals the creation of a new aircraft. And, as a result, large financial costs. The path that the creators of the Il-76MD-90A went is more economically advantageous.

[VAF]

Quote: hrad

On the location of the navigator’s cabin.

Write complete nonsense In addition, the "glazed" cockpit of the navigator is on some modifications of the Tu-142s. And in the 95's there is no such thing!

[FID]

I can add that on the "45" product the navigator generally sits in a separate cockpit, behind the pilots, as well as on the "95", which also flies backwards and on the "70" the navigator sits behind the pilots, at the same level with them.

[Turkestan]

On the location of the navigator’s cabin. As you, no doubt, know, on the Tu-95, Tu-22M, Tu-160 the workplace of the navigator is located next to the pilots.
On the Tu-95 navigator \ navigator \ sits in front of the glazed part of the cockpit. The pilot is the navigator, the operator whose main responsibility is to control the mobile art installation, etc.

[DMi]

I was always interested in the question, and when will the old cars be equipped with new ps 90 engines? Or will they all be written off? I live near the airfield and during the passage of the 76th house pretty shakes)).

[malikszh]

no weapons? what is armed with?

[Alex 241]

As an option, a tail turret.

[Apollo]

In the subject, videos.

[vtur]

Quote: Alex 241

As an option, a tail turret.

The aft turret weighed only 3 tons. Anachronism, which does not protect anyone from anything. Currently, the threat to the BTA is, first of all, MANPADS and here the feed turret will not help. Other methods of protection are used from missiles - somewhere already about this was on the site.
But what happens when the plane does not have such protection - this, by the way, was lucky - he was able to land (photo from my personal archive)

[Turkestan]

The aft turret weighed only 3 tons. Anachronism, which does not protect anyone from anything.

Let strongly disagree. Any aircraft that perform a BATTLE mission must have airborne weapons. Moreover, such a class of aircraft as IL-76. The aft installation on the IL-76 is one of the elements of protection for the rear hemisphere of the aircraft. Do not forget that this aircraft is primarily intended for landing behind enemy lines. The plane was equipped with GORGEOUS fast-firing guns, an optical and radar sight, which made it possible to intercept a target for several tens of km. With the skillful use by the crew of the entire nomenclature of aircraft aviation weapons in combination with the LTC, DOP and DOS, it actually becomes invulnerable from air defense systems of the enemy fighter aircraft.

Incidentally, there were cases when STINGER was shot down from the an-12 aft installation in a DRA

[Alex 241]

Quote: vtur

The aft turret weighed only 3 tons. Anachronism that neither from anyone

I agree, they tried to experiment with multi-component cannon shells, but .......... Well, PICs are also not a panacea.

[studentmati]

In the days of the 22nd Winter Olympics, sporting analogies involuntarily beg: Start of Russian Aviation at the beginning of the last century; its slow-slow acceleration up to the 50-60s; gaining frantic speed and pace in the 70-80s; inertia running in the 90s; awareness of speed loss at zero; rehabilitation attempt in the 10s.

I really want to believe and hope that Russian Aviation will perk up, restore the pace with which it will again catch up and will finally bypass the adversaries!

[Turkestan]

Quote: SSI

5 people minimum. 2 pilots, a navigator and, necessarily, a flight engineer (who will serve at non-equipped aerodromes) plus an operator of handling equipment - here is a list of the flight crew (approximate).

The military crew consists. Of the two pilots, the navigator, the on-board technician, the on-board radio operator, the on-board technician for ADO, the mechanic's board for the aircraft \ in the UZBEK Air Force \ if there is a stern cockpit arrow then the gunner board. Judging by the photographs, there are crew jobs on the plane

[Turkestan]

Again and again, talking about the IL-76MD - A airplane, the term DEEP MODERNIZATION is used. I would very much like to hear what all the same it consisted of in full, except for replacing engines, and partially instrumentation at the same time increased LI, modernized LI fuselage, wing, landing gear, DTSO how? What protection does the aircraft have against air defense systems.

[vtur]

Quote: Turkestan

... whether the fuselage, wing, landing gear ...

+ 1, although pro wing is mentioned in the article. Actually, the wing and landing gear MUST be strengthened with an increase in take-off weight. The main problem of this aircraft is the inability to transport the entire nomenclature of military equipment (and not only), adequate for the aircraft carrying capacity, because of the relatively narrow fuselage and remained ... So the An-70 cannot replace this aircraft 100%, which is already on the site was discussed ... A huge plus of this aircraft is the accumulated design bureau's gigantic experience of its operation ...

[Turkestan]

the inability to transport the entire nomenclature adequate

What did you mean

[samoletil18]

Quote: Turkestan

the inability to transport the entire nomenclature adequate

What did you mean

T-90 not included

[roman.roman24773]

Of the 18 vehicles of the nomenclature of domestic airborne forces, the width of the Il-76 fuselage does not include 11! (I read it on VO here). Msta-S / Coalition / Armata all the more will not fit. The Chinese washed down their Y-12 with our engines (even outdated), but with a much more pot-bellied fuselage it was no coincidence. I believe that mass building of the IL-76 is not necessary for the army. Alas, his time has passed. We need to make new trucks (according to the IL-106 type = latecomer direct analogue of the Amerovsky S-17, which they have already discontinued)