Why drove the wings of the fleet

8 2010 June 13 492 1

Russian maritime aviation originates from the purchase of several seaplanes abroad in 1911. Soon, domestic aircraft designers created several types of flying boats, which in the First World War were used to bombard and bombard naval bases and ports, ships and ships at sea, and even to destroy enemy aircraft in the air.

In July, 1917, two air divisions were formed - on the Baltic and on the Black Sea, and the Department of Naval Aviation and Aeronautics was created in the military department. During the civil war, seaplane detachments appeared as part of the Volga, Caspian and other flotillas. A total of 19 naval aviation units fought on the fronts of the civil war.

In the prewar period, sea pilots mastered the polar latitudes, took part in the rescue of polar explorers. Gold Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union No. 1 was awarded to the sea pilot Anatoly Vasilyevich Lyapidevsky.

During World War II, naval aviation pilots were the first to strike at Berlin in August 1941. The order of the Supreme Commander on this occasion said that naval aviation was the first to pave the way to Victory.

During the war years, naval pilots made more than 35 thousand sorties, destroyed more than 5,5 thousand enemy aircraft in the air and at airfields. Fascist Germany and its allies lost 407 warships and 371 vehicles with troops and cargo from their attacks, which amounted to two-thirds of the enemy’s total losses from naval attacks Fleet.

In the post-war years, naval aviators continued to improve their combat skills, mastering new combat equipment. It was the North Sea Pilot Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin who first laid the path of humanity to the stars. During this period, new types of naval aviation appeared - naval missile-carrying and anti-submarine, while simultaneously improving reconnaissance aviation.

A fundamentally new direction was the creation of shipboard attack aircraft vertical takeoff and landing and the construction of aircraft-carrying cruisers "Kiev", "Minsk" and "Novorossiysk".

Unfortunately, in recent years, naval aviation has noticeably and steadily degraded through no fault of its own, ”Anatoly Tsyganok, head of the Military Forecasting Center, corresponding member of the Academy of Military Sciences, told correspondents of SP. - The lack of funding and the development of new naval aircraft has thrown it far back. Take at least just the number. If before the Great Patriotic War in the Navy aviation there were more than 1000 fighters only, today there are all aircraft in the 217 Navy plus 102 helicopters. These are mainly Tu-22, IL-38, An-12, Su-24, Ka-27. Everything was developed in the era of "deep stagnation", practically developed its resource, and the new technology is not expected. Most of the problems with sea-launched missile aircraft. Pilots have nowhere to train. From day to day, Ukraine is expected to abandon the contract on the operation of the ground NITKA training complex in Crimea simulating the deck of an aircraft carrying cruiser to train deck aviation pilots and used by the crews of the naval aviation regiment of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy without life risk. Then even on old planes there is no place to teach our naval pilots to fly.

On the Day of Aviation, the Navy wants to bow low to our naval pilots for the fact that they continue to maintain the basis of this kind of fleet force even in the most difficult conditions.

Dossier

Currently, naval military aviation has 35000 people, 217 aircraft, 102 helicopters.

Bombers missile carriers: 45 Tu-22M. Fighter-attack aircraft: 52 Su-24, 10 Su-25, 52 Su-27. Anti-submarine and reconnaissance aircraft: 1Tu-142, 26 IL-38, 4 Be-12. Military transport aircraft: 18 An-12, 37 An-12, An-24, An-26. Anti-submarine helicopters: 3 Mi-14, 72 Ka-27. Military transport, transport helicopters: 8 Mi-8. Multipurpose transport-combat / attack helicopters: 12 Ka-29, 15 Mi-24.

In the Northern Fleet - 50 combat aircraft, 44 combat helicopters.
On the Baltic Fleet - 55 combat aircraft, 41 combat helicopter.
On the Black Sea Fleet - 35 combat aircraft, 13 combat helicopters.
In the Pacific Fleet - 55 combat aircraft, 26 combat helicopters.

In 1941, there were 368 aircraft on the Baltic, 346 on the Black Sea Fleet, 49 on the North Fleet, and 665 on the Pacific Fleet.