Political educational program
Article No. Zero
Earlier, I published on this site an article on the concepts of socialism and capitalism. The accumulating contradictions are pushing me to revert to the possibilities of the article as a lecture chair.
Likbez always, like any lecture, is a rather boring event, but without an understanding of the terms we can lose the main thing - our language. Let this article give an understanding to those who are not sure of their positions. I will try to describe some concepts from my point of view. Of course, if I am wrong, the reader may indicate a discrepancy. The purpose of these articles is to bring the readers' brains, including the author, into order. Since the institution of Marxism-Leninism received a black mark, in 90-s, an educational vacuum in the political sphere was formed in our country. Without in any way questioning the erudition of my reader, I will begin.
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Historically, the concept of "literacy" arose as a reduction of the "liquidation of illiteracy" - the state program of Soviet Russia, which was initiated by the decree of the Council of People's Commissars "On the Elimination of Illiteracy in the RSFSR" of December 26 of 1919. According to him, the entire population of Soviet Russia from the age of 8 to 50 years, who could not read or write, was obliged to learn to read and write in native or Russian (optional). The people's commissariat of education was granted the right to involve all competent persons in the training of illiterate people on the basis of labor service. The decree also provided for the creation of schools for overgrowths, schools for orphanages, colonies and other institutions.
Democracy "on the fingers"
To firmly know and understand the term "democracy", it is not enough to hear a lengthy explanation of the "power of the people." Democracies have existed since the days of the caveman, they were simply expressed in different ways. The modern concept of "democracy" has nothing to do with democracy, for example, the slave system. Yes, yes, do not be surprised, for the first time the term "democracy" was heard in free Greece, in which more than half of the population were slaves! In which women, for example, did not have the right to vote. Nor did criminals, the military, the poor, children, and even some segments of the population, who are called “lumpens”, also had this right. Here is such a wonderful "democracy."
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Democracy (Greek demokratía, literally - democracy, from demos - people and krátos - power), a form of political organization of society based on the recognition of people as a source of power, on its right to participate in solving public affairs and giving citizens a wide range of rights and freedoms. D. in this regard serves primarily as a form of state.
D.'s differences as a form of the state from its other forms (despotism, autocracy, open military dictatorship, etc.) are: official recognition of the principle of the subordination of the minority to the majority; equality of citizens, the presence of broad political and social rights and freedoms, the election of the main organs of the state, the leading role of elective representative bodies in the system of state institutions, the rule of law, etc.
After that, porridge arises in the head. The United States is talking about democracy, Europe is shouting about tolerance, but really it is the other way around: the US authorities assume the use of this democracy only for its citizens. And that, apparently, in order to "democratic" use special. funds in the fight against objectionable. Until listening to phones, tracking and checking unreliable citizens. In Europe, “gays” are attacking education, the media in order to change the existing majority opinion.
So what is this phantom - DEMOCRACY? Let's understand "on the fingers." Imagine you met a friend in a cafe. We sat, talked and quietly went home - this is a manifestation of democracy. You have satisfied your needs without straining each other, and just went your separate ways. Now the situation is more piquant: you came to a cafe with a girl (or boyfriend). We sat, drank coffee, the guy paid for the coffee and you broke up. And then what to do? After all, both dissatisfied left (and maybe even satisfied - it does not matter). As Vladimir Volfovich once said: “And the guy paid for it!” But this, of course, is a special case. As soon as the third character appears, politics arises. You do not just have to drink coffee, but also to talk with two interlocutors. And if the question arises in this way: where to go after the cafe, then that very form of statehood is included - elections. Two people will convince the third in the correctness of their decision. Either the person will be separated from the choice of those two, or will accept their point of view. I think this is fair, and you? So democracy is the choice of the majority! Democracy has existed at all times and has always been the engine of social development. Even among the slaves there was a “democracy”.
Democracy and authority
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Authority (him. Autorität, from the Latin. Auctoritas - "power, influence") - in a general sense: the value and based on the value or with him combined power; in the narrow - the influence of mental, inducing respect, delivered by the possession of excellent and recognized power or outstanding and recognized wisdom, knowledge, virtues. The influence of the individual, based on his position, position, status, etc.
The authority consists in recognizing the subject (carrier) of outstanding achievements, knowledge, skills, abilities, his special position in society, their significance for humanity, for a particular object, the sphere of social life, science, and based on this non-violent influence. carrier on one or another object, causing a certain historically changing form of the subordination of actions and thoughts of people to the provisions and norms arising from the attitudes of the subject.
Imagine you have a cow rested, and the food is over, if you leave, the calf can not stand the cold and die, and if you do not move, the cow can die. What to do? And everything is very simple - to ask a neighbor to buy food at the market - he still goes there. This is called "delegation of authority." In order to solve problems without being directly present at the place of their solution, a delegate is needed. The delegate should certainly be an authority for you. You do not trust the purchase of food to a person who last time drank your money, but did not buy food.
In this sense, a certain number of the population delegates its powers to the delegate, who embodies their desires in concrete laws, purchases and other activities, whether it be road construction or city improvement. Now the reader will simply tear me into small pieces - they say what you chew, and so everything is clear!
And I guys do not understand! I vote for a candidate with a request to build a subway in my city, and he builds a summer house with my money. I say: I need protection from bandits, and he himself is a gangster. I say, I need my child to be smart, strong and able to change the world, and he is taught where to steal, and that Stalin is bad. I shout: “My children and children of my children should not be gay anymore”, but they answer me: you do not have enough tolerance, and “gays” are just like everyone else, only tortured by the persecution of hetero-fascists. Everything is perverted as soon as a society of "money-dependent" appears.
Here money controls the levers in order to make more money. In order to achieve the democratic principle of power, only one thing remains: to exclude money from power. Actually, this principle already existed and proved its viability - democratic centralism.
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Democratic centralism is a form of government (along with federalism, autonomy, and bureaucratic centralism), based on the necessity of deciding the higher authorities for subordinate bodies in the election of all bodies and their subordinate accountability. Under democratic centralism, all parliamentary decisions are binding on all local councils, while local councils themselves are elected by the people; Cabinet decisions are also binding on local administrations, with local administrations being elected by local councils and accountable to both local councils and the cabinet or higher local administration. Examples of democratic centralism are Italy (since 1947), Poland, Norway, Portugal, the FER, and centralism is declared in the DPRK, the PRC, the NRW, the Lao PDR, declared in the GDR, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, the SRR, the USSR.
Oh, again, I seem to have gone too far. And they will try to break me up with the phrase: “Isn’t it right with us?” I’ll answer - not so! We do not report to anyone for anything. They report to the authorities, but not to the voters! In extreme cases, write: did so much, on the social. programs spent so much, so many roads built - that's all the information. Moreover, the sovereignties declared by Mr. Yeltsin undermined the principle of central authority. Now a lot of laws enacted at the local level are refuted by federal laws in court. At DC such is impossible, because the adoption of such laws is impossible. In the USSR, this principle worked really. Higher accountable to the lowest to the fullest and theft from the treasury very much punished - not just a prisoner for a month, but up to the ultimate penalty. Because stealing or taking bribes was extremely risky.
Liberalism
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Liberalism proclaims the rights and freedoms of every person the highest value and establishes them as the legal basis of social and economic order. At the same time, the possibilities of the state and the church to influence the life of society are limited by the constitution. The most important freedoms in liberalism are the freedom to speak publicly, the freedom to choose a religion, the freedom to choose one’s representatives in fair and free elections. In economic terms, the principles of liberalism are the inviolability of private property, freedom of trade and enterprise.
Here, the brain begins to explode completely: if democracy is the power of the majority, then where is liberalism? Indeed: liberals shout about democracy, forgetting that this very democracy is its enemy! Because if the majority decides that everyone must believe in God, then a violation of this rule is a crime against society! If democracy forbids pedophiles, the principle of liberalism will be violated. Democracy and liberalism are antipodes!
Tolerance
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Tolerance. (from the Latin. tolerantia - patience) - a sociological term for tolerance to a different worldview, lifestyle, behavior and customs. Tolerance is tantamount to indifference! It also does not mean adopting a different worldview or lifestyle, it is about presenting to others the right to live in accordance with their own worldview.
Tolerance means respect, acceptance and correct understanding of other cultures, ways of self-expression and manifestation of human individuality. Under tolerance does not mean a concession, condescension or indulgence. The manifestation of tolerance also does not mean tolerance for social injustice, renouncing one's convictions or giving in to another's convictions, as well as imposing one's convictions on other people.
Everything. The brain finally exploded. In the first case, tolerance means that you should not give a damn about what your neighbor is shitting on your head. In the second, it looks more noble: you can step aside. Then what falls from above will not touch you. But the principle of democracy is the power of the people! And not a tolerance for vulgarity and violation of your traditions and principles of the existence of this society. And here you are - you have to endure! Again not democratic somehow. Conclusion: and tolerance is the opposite of democracy.
So what do modern democrats mean when they put these incompatible concepts together? But what ... Imagine: a child comes up to dad and asks:
- Dad, can I ride a bike?
- Of course, son, just do not fall on the road.
Mom on the threshold:
- Where are you, son?
- Skate, my dad allowed.
- You will not go anywhere until the lessons are done!
Upset baby goes to his room. And here it dawns.
He goes to daddy again. Dad asks in surprise, that this child does not roll, but the child says - now, now, and when he returns, he tells his mother that his father sent him outside. As a result, the scandal between the parents, and the son has nothing to do with it. That's what this porridge is for. So that those in power could plunder their own population with impunity, referring to tolerance, liberalism, and sometimes even democracy from head to toe.
Democracy is the power of the MAJORITY over the minority, and not vice versa, and let geyropeytsy, oligarchs, tolerastov, and the like, do not intimidate you. Power should not be bought, bribed, but only delegated! As it was 30 years ago. In our “bear”, “unenlightened”, “forgotten god”, tragic, authoritarian, totalitarian, but such a great homeland - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics!
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