Trends in the development of foreign trade of Ukraine

14
Despite significant resources in terms of quality and quantity - a talented and educated population, the availability of mineral resources, a sufficiently developed infrastructure created in Soviet times - Ukraine consistently holds the position of an outsider, always in the last places in international rankings on competitiveness and development.

One of the reasons for this situation is inadequate foreign economic activity.

The export structure of Ukraine is characterized by a significant proportion of products with a low degree of processing, which are most sensitive to world market conditions. So, in 2011, the export of such groups of goods as base metals and products from them (32,3%), mineral products (15%), chemical products and related industries (7,9%) and products of plant origin (8,1%) , accounted for 63,3% of total exports.

In turn, in import, mineral products (36,4%) and product groups with a high degree of processing dominate, such as machinery, equipment and machinery (15,5%), means of land transport, aircraft, and floating equipment (7,5%). In 2011, the share of such goods in the total import of goods in Ukraine was 59,4%.

The geographical structure of Ukraine’s partners is very limited. Ukraine’s largest trading partner is the Russian Federation, with which trade accounts for almost 29% of exports and 35,3% of imports in 2011.

The European Union is Ukraine’s second largest trading partner. The main form of economic relations between Ukraine and the EU is foreign trade. At the beginning of the 90s, after the collapse of the USSR, trade with European countries dropped sharply. Subsequently, by the beginning of the 2000-s, the dynamics of trade was characterized by instability, which is explained by the presence of factors of both short-term and long-term nature. In 2004-2011, there was a tendency towards an increase in commodity turnover, Ukrainian exports and imports (Fig. 1).


* Source: compiled by the author according to [6].

Ukraine's trade with the EU in 2011 amounted to 43,7 billion dollars (increased by 36% compared to 2010 year). However, despite the positive dynamics, as well as the fact that today the EU is one of the main trading partners of Ukraine, Ukraine’s share in the total EU imports is insignificant (less than 1%), it cannot be compared with other countries. The Ukrainian export share of the total EU exports is also insignificant and amounts to 1,4% in 2011 compared to 1,9% in 2008 year [11]. Such low absolute and relative indicators of foreign trade do not correspond not only to the economic potential of countries, but also to their position in neighboring countries. The potential of the EU market is about 16 trillion, but this has nothing to do with Ukraine.

As can be seen from fig. 1, for the trade of Ukraine and the EU in recent years has been characterized by a significant negative trade balance. For example, from 2005 to 2011, the average annual trade deficit was 6,4 billion dollars. The lowest value of this indicator for 2004-2011 years was 1,9 billion dollars in 2005 year, and all - 10,7 billion dollars. in 2008 year. In connection with the beginning of the economic crisis in 2008, the trade turnover of Ukraine in 2009 with the EU countries decreased by 47%. However, in subsequent years, trade with the EU countries almost recovered to the level of 2008 of the year.

The level and dynamics of quantitative indicators of trade relations between Ukraine and the EU are largely determined by the commodity structure. Ukrainian exports with EU countries are dominated (over 60%) by low-grade products (ferrous metals and products from them, energy materials, ores, slags, ash, fertilizers, cereals, etc.). At the same time, exports to the EU of industrial products with a high share of value added, such as machinery and equipment, still remain at a low level and amounted to 2011 in the year 1919 million, or 10,4% of Ukraine’s total exports to the EU.

Here are statistics on foreign trade with the Russian Federation. In terms of turnover (tabl. 1), Ukraine ranks about fifth among the trade partners of the Russian Federation, despite all the difficulties in bilateral relations that have occurred since the beginning of the 2000-s.

However, the dynamics of trade relations is characterized by a downward path. Thus, the Ukrainian share of imports to the total volume of imports of goods of the Russian Federation amounted to 1995 in the year - 14,2%, and in 2010 it decreased to 6,1%. Exports to Ukraine are also decreasing relative to the total volume of exports of goods from the Russian Federation, in 2010, it was 5,8% compared to 9,1% in 1995.

Table 1

Foreign trade of the Russian Federation with the largest trading partners, million dollars in actual prices *

Trends in the development of foreign trade of Ukraine

* Source: compiled by the author according to [10].

In our opinion, the proclaimed course of European integration should not be aimed at reducing the presence of Ukrainian enterprises in the Russian market. For example, during the last 20 years, European countries have only increased their share in total exports and imports of the Russian Federation. In fig. 2 shows the structure of Ukraine’s exports by selected product groups in the Russian Federation.

As can be seen from fig. 2, a feature of the Ukrainian economy is that, with a course on European integration, the largest market for domestic manufacturing enterprises is in the Russian Federation.

* Source: compiled by the author according to [6].

Total Russian business from 2002 to 2010. lost an insignificant share (0,6%) of its presence in the domestic market of the processing industry of Ukraine: today its share remains high - 8,2% compared to 4,6% in China, during this period increased its presence by 3,6 pp and Germany, which lost 2,2 pp At the same time, the share of Russia in the domestic market of engineering products in Ukraine decreased from 12,2% in 2002 to 8,7% in 2010. At the same time, China’s presence is increasing from 1,6 to 8,7%, respectively. Germany is losing its position - from 14,6 to 11,2%, respectively. In terms of chemical and petrochemical products, Russia leads the Ukrainian market - 12,3%, gradually losing ground (in 2002 - 12,8%), while China’s presence increases from 1,3% in 2002 to 5,3% in 2010. Thus , for the products of the processing industry, and especially those important in the technical aspect of its industries, such as engineering, chemistry and petrochemistry, Russia and Germany are losing their presence, and their share is increasingly taking China, expanding its presence in groups of goods with high added value. It is worth noting that Russia has sharply lost its share in the transport equipment markets, including Ukrainian, this share decreased from 23,2% in 2002 to 12,7% in 2010, although after the crisis 2009 in 2010, Russia increased presence in this market. It should be noted that the EU has a constantly large share on the Ukrainian market of transport equipment - 27% in 2002, which, after a certain decline in 2005 (to 20,1%) in 2010, almost reached its previous size - 27,4% [3, c. 11-12].

Note that, in contrast to Ukraine, for example, countries such as Japan, Italy, France, on the contrary, increase trade with the Russian Federation. In particular, their share in the RF import structure increases from 1,6, 4,0, 2,3 percent in 1995 to 4,5, 4,4, 4,4 percent, respectively, in 2010. Germany, the Netherlands and China in general were and are today the largest trading partners of the Russian Federation.

After analyzing the commodity structure of Ukraine’s foreign trade, one can see that the country has a negative balance each year since 2005, totaling more than 67,7 billion dollars. It is important to remember that a state that does not have a sufficient set of different manufacturing industries guarantees itself with time impoverishment of the population and socio-economic decline.

Under such conditions, even a favorable conjuncture in the grain market, which arose as a result of the food crisis 2007-2008, instead of stimulating active export of grain from Ukraine, can turn into an uncontrollable process, in particular, due to the impossibility of introducing export quotas for grain, which is one of Ukraine’s obligations after its entry into the WTO. Under such conditions, it is not necessary to expect an increase in feed grain supplies for domestic animal husbandry, its development is further hampered by increasing imports of cheap meat and food by-products [7, p. 56].
By the way, well-known scientists of Ukraine, conducting research in this direction, noted the negative consequences for the Ukrainian economy of membership in the WTO. For example, “... accession to the WTO, which provides for a reduction in export duty rates beneficial for domestic exporters, may be associated with undesirable consequences for the Ukrainian economy, which is characterized by a significant proportion of raw materials and semi-finished products in the structure of commodity exports, but at the same time has real potential to increase the volume of processing of national goods "[2, p. 35].

As practice shows, Ukraine could not use the “real potential” to increase the manufacturing industry by joining the WTO. For example, the volume of exports of live animals in 2011 year increased by the corresponding period of the previous year in 2,7 times.

At the same time, in Ukraine, the livestock of the main types of livestock continues to decline: in particular, the number of cattle by the 2011 year has decreased compared to the 1990 year by 5,5 times. The livestock of cattle is at a lower level than during the Russian Empire (Fig. 3).

* Source: compiled by the author according to [6].

Continuing such a trend in the near future could lead to a complete loss of food independence of the state for a group of meat and dairy products. This state of agriculture has already led to the fact that Ukraine has reduced meat consumption per capita to the level of the beginning of the 70-s of the XX century (Fig. 4).

* Source: compiled by the author according to [6, 9, p. 470].

Moreover, such a decline in agriculture occurs not only in animal husbandry. We are talking about almost all types of agricultural products.

For example, this situation is also observed in the group of industries (flax, sheep and hop), which are united (except for high rates of decline in production) and the fact that the main reason for their decline is institutional failures of state authorities and customs corruption. Such miscalculations led to the fact that the demand for domestic flax, wool and hops fell sharply in Ukraine and, as a result, their production decreased [5, p. 61]. The insecurity of the domestic commodity producer has grown due to the imperfect customs policy of the state. For example, at the beginning of 90-s, the lack of import duties led to the fact that imported hops almost completely supplanted the domestic one. In recent years, 75-80% of the need for hop cones provides imports [5, p. 63].

Another example of the curtailment of production in traditional industries of Ukrainian industry is the reduction of shoe production.

* Source: compiled by the author according to [6].

As can be seen from fig. 5, which compared with 1990 in the year, footwear production in the country decreased in 7,1 times from - 196 million pairs to 27,6 million pairs in 2011 year. The share of imports in domestic consumption is more than 80%. In fig. 6 presents the number of imported shoes in relation to its production in Ukraine. In fig. 6 shows that the share of imports is constantly fluctuating. So in 2008, the ratio between manufactured and imported shoes was 1: 14, in 2010 - 1: 9, in 2011 - 1: 3.
According to various estimates, the domestic footwear market of Ukraine is approximately 120-140 million pairs per year.

* Source: Compiled by the author according to [6].

From fig. 6 shows that imports almost completely meet domestic demand for footwear. It is advisable to note that Ukraine is an exporter of shoes and its exports are almost equal to the volume of production. Thus, in 2006-2011, shoe exports in Ukraine amounted to 22,2, 23,2, 23,6, 20,6, 24,7, 26,5 million pairs, respectively, and production - 21,2, 22,5, 22,2, 20,4, 25,7, 27,6 million pairs. In 2006-2009, more shoes were exported to Ukraine than were produced, which gives grounds to state its re-export.
Today practically all economists are talking about the innovative development of the Ukrainian economy. This over the past 20 years constantly declares and the leadership of our state. In this regard, more and more scientists are paying attention to the reorientation of the domestic economy from the raw materials to the innovative path of development.

At the same time, Ukraine has an opinion about the undesirable features of the domestic economy, which is that “a high proportion of trade with the CIS remains in the structure of Ukrainian exports, while declaring the European direction as a priority” [1, p. 32], or "... with the CIS Customs Union, it is necessary to maintain relations at a lower integration level - integrative convergence" [4, p. 88].

On this occasion, it should be noted that there are significant contradictions in Ukraine’s trade relations with the EU, which consist in preserving elements of discrimination of domestic exporters, applying restrictive business practices, or preventing Ukraine from entering promising markets.

The EU, for example, proposes to abolish the import duty, which is about 15%, but leaves the entry price - the input price. That is, if exports to the EU occur at a price below the input, then due to the additional charge, the price difference is eliminated. That is, domestic products in the European market will not be cheaper.

For example, in one of the latest discussions of the formation of the customs territory with the EU, where Ukraine promised to open a trade zone with the eurozone countries, it turned out that they offer to set a zero rate for goods that we do not produce (dates, kiwi, bananas, avocados, etc.). .d.) However, the following quotas are offered for our traditional products: 15 thousand tons for pork, 10 thousand tons for chicken (for which domestic needs are already satisfied by almost 100%) and the same amount for beef. And this is despite the fact that the Ukrainian proposal was for 30 thousand tons for beef, 50 thousand tons for pork, the profitability of which in Ukraine is higher than 16%. Similarly, by grain. As part of the EU’s free trade zone, the quota for 100-200 KT is proposed. Note that the current quota for third countries is more than 3,5 mln. Ton at 12 euro per ton. In fact, these quotas fall on two countries, Russia and Ukraine, since practically no one else exports grain to Europe. That is, Ukraine already has millions of tons of quota, and in the free trade zone only a few thousand tons are offered.

The EU is not satisfied with the export duty on sunflower seeds, which is 10%, Ukraine, in return, is offering to cancel it. Cancellation of this duty may lead to the fact that 7 million tons of raw sunflower will go to the EU, and domestic oil and fat combines with a capacity of 9 million tons will need to be stopped [8, p. 8].

So, over the past two decades of market reforms of the national economy of Ukraine, it has not been possible to significantly change its status in the international division of labor. On the one hand, the raw material direction of Ukrainian exports is preserved, and competitive advantages in engineering and technological equipment are almost lost. A significant increase in exports of primary processing products leads not only to a gradual restriction of the activities of Ukrainian exporters in foreign markets, but also to an intensification of the escalation of international trade conflicts.

The tendency of orientation of Ukrainian imports to consumer goods, as well as the importation of technological equipment into the country, has increased, as a result of which Ukrainian commodity producers have fallen into difficult financial and economic situations.

In this regard, we believe that in order to improve the situation of domestic producers, it is necessary to phase out imports in those sectors of the economy where domestic producers with certain support can satisfy demand no worse than foreign ones and expand imports, first of all, of the equipment necessary for implementing joint strategic projects and programs focused on post-industrial technologies.

In this situation, the main thing is to find the optimal ratio of regulatory measures to solve these problems, to protect the strategic interests of the country. This is today one of the important tasks of foreign economic activity.

References:
1. Ventskovskiy D. Yu. How to shape the current export strategy of Ukraine / D. Yu. Ventskovskiy // Ekonomika i derzhava. - 2006. - No. 1. - S. 28-32.
2. Vishnevsky V.P., Luk’yanenko O.V. Possible changes in the export market within the framework of Ukraine’s accession to SOT / V.P. Vishnevsky, O.V. Luk’yanenko // Economics of Ukraine. - 2007. - No. 1. - S. 28-35.
3. Geєts V. M. Post-crisis prospects and problems of development of the economies of Ukraine and Russia (macroeconomic spectrum) / V. M. Geyts // Finance of Ukraine. - 2011. - No. 3. - S. 3-18.
4. Grishchenko A. European and Eurasian vector and economic integration of Ukraine / A. Grishchenko // Economics of Ukraine. - 2012. - No. 7. - S. 80-88.
5. Nelep V. Estimation of export opportunities of the agro-food complex of Ukraine / V. Nelep // Economics of Ukraine. - 2011. - No. 9. - S. 54-63.
6. Website of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua.
7. Skidan O. Food sector of Ukraine in the minds of globalization of them viklikiv / O. Skidan // Economy of Ukraine. - 2009. - No. 11. - S. 53-64.
8. Chopenko V. Zone of illegal trade / V. Chopenko // Mirror of the day. - 2010. - No. 37. - P. 8.
9. The national economy of the USSR for 70 years. Anniversary stat. yearbook / Goskomstat of the USSR. - M. : Finance and statistics, 1987. - 766 p.
10. Russian Statistical Yearbook [Electronic resource]. — Access mode: http://www.gks.ru.
11 European Commission. Ukraine - Trade Statistics: [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2006/september/
tradoc_113459.pdf.
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  1. Mature naturalist
    +12
    23 December 2013 08: 47
    it is necessary to gradually curtail imports in those sectors of the economy where domestic producers with some support can satisfy demand no worse than foreign
    This is important not only for Ukraine, but also for Russia. Introducing prohibitive duties on a number of goods in order to support their own.
    1. roller2
      +2
      23 December 2013 16: 03
      Quote: Mature Naturalist
      Prohibitive duties on a number of goods to introduce

      What's the point? Do you think that this will dramatically increase the quality of the product? In the absence of competitors spent on the production of quality goods to manufacturers will not make sense. Because they will buy it anyway because there is no alternative.
    2. roller2
      0
      23 December 2013 16: 03
      Quote: Mature Naturalist
      Prohibitive duties on a number of goods to introduce

      What's the point? Do you think that this will dramatically increase the quality of the product? In the absence of competitors spent on the production of quality goods to manufacturers will not make sense. Because they will buy it anyway because there is no alternative.
    3. +2
      23 December 2013 17: 04
      For example, under Mussolini, Italy after the First World War was also in ruin, like Germany, and Mussolini raised the standard of living of Italians by refusing to import!
  2. +3
    23 December 2013 15: 19
    Nifigase ... And there will still be a lot of statistics today ?! what
  3. +2
    23 December 2013 15: 35
    I hope Ukrainians have enough 500 billion rubles that we allocated to them. If they put their economy in order and join the CU, it will be luck for them.
    1. +5
      23 December 2013 18: 46
      WIN969 RU Today, 15:35 New

      I hope Ukrainians have enough 500 billion rubles that we allocated to them. If they put their economy in order and join the CU, it will be luck for them.

      Taken on loans $ 15 billion - sawn up, people will be told that they ate. There are no state HUSBANDS in the government, only thieves are sitting there. Thieves can steal, nag, slander, and cannot take the economy out of pitch. So sho do not go to the grandmother - they’ll cut the credit and come for a new one. Save up the loot of the Great Russians.
      1. 0
        23 December 2013 19: 00
        Quote: Soyuz-TM
        15 billion $ - sawn, people will say that they have eaten. The government has no state husbands


        But there is nothing to add! Although there is an interesting elder-person! I doubt that he will be given at least somehow to show himself in politics, well, maybe it will work out! That's what he says about the current situation in Ukraine! Video from December 9.
        1. 0
          23 December 2013 19: 21
          Quote: Sid.74
          there is an interesting man Elderberry!

          Just that interesting! Remember the saying - P ... not toss bags. And according to reality? A week ago, I lost the elections in my constituency with a bang. Ask yourself why? Draw your own conclusions ...
          1. +1
            23 December 2013 19: 30
            Quote: morpex
            A week ago, the elections in his district lost with a bang.


            Well, I have nothing and did not say! A writer is a writer! And who won not svobodovtsy? And then sadness longing right if they are!
      2. 0
        23 December 2013 21: 38
        And what pensions and public sector salaries will they give ?!
        Rogul, or Maidan, there you look NeoYushch come and panow.
    2. The comment was deleted.
  4. +4
    23 December 2013 15: 36
    For example, over the past 20 years, European countries have only increased their share in total exports and imports of the Russian Federation. In fig. 2 shows the structure of Ukraine's exports of certain product groups to the Russian Federation.

    Occupying a niche in Ukraine.
    That’s the whole reason - the Europeans want to completely take away Ukraine’s share in the Russian market, and Ukraine has sold and will sell ferrous metals and grain - will it become an associate member or not - these are not the goods for which the main competition is for - here everything is easily regulated by quotas.
  5. The comment was deleted.
  6. +12
    23 December 2013 15: 42
    I believe that should be so ...
    1. 0
      23 December 2013 15: 47
      quote-The export structure of Ukraine is characterized by a significant share of goods with a low degree of processing, which are the most sensitive to the world market.

      Infographics.
      1. 0
        24 December 2013 07: 06
        Now it’s clear about the degree of employment in western Ukraine sad that’s buzzing on the Maidan because nowhere to work.
    2. 0
      23 December 2013 18: 41
      A good cartoon, I watched with pleasure.
  7. AVV
    +3
    23 December 2013 16: 02
    And with such a balance of trade between the EU-Ukraine and Russia-Ukraine !!! Is Ukraine striving to the West? To be a supplier of scrap metal to the West is certainly good, but where do the planes, engines go, and where are the rocketry and agricultural products supplied? it goes to Russia !!! If the benefit is to open your market for Western goods and thereby ruin your own production, this is certainly a "strong move" !!!
  8. The comment was deleted.
    1. The comment was deleted.
  9. Jogan-xnumx
    +2
    23 December 2013 16: 10
    One of the reasons for this situation is inadequate foreign economic activity.

    And why should she be adequate? what Big capital has almost completely seized (moreover, for next to nothing) the basic means of production. Equipment and technologies are outdated. R&D is neither funded nor carried out. Upgrading as well. For this, finances are needed, which are concentrated in capital and which nafig does not need to invest in modernization, etc., because profit in this case is a matter of the distant future. And if everyone thinks like temporary workers, according to the principle of "nazaruvav and vtik", then no one thinks about some kind of foreign economic activity. fool Profit is important to the owners of "factories, newspapers, ships". Big and fast. The money received - by running to offshore or in real estate over the hill for your loved ones. In general, the thinking of the Ukrainian "elite" and officials is worse than that of the invaders. am
    For example, this situation is also observed in a group of industries (flax, sheep and hop), which are united (except for the high rate of decline in production) and the main reason for their decline are institutional failures of state authorities and corruption in the customs service.

    The main reason is not miscalculations and corruption at customs. Everything is simpler and more banal. There are no miscalculations, because no one counted anything. At least those who are obliged to count.
    Those enthusiasts who are calculating all this and trying to convey to the brains of those in power, are either stupidly ignored or defamated if they are too obsessing. If the entire economy in Ukraine is tied only to its own elite pockets, then why be surprised? Corruption at customs? Yeah, how so! Customs is to blame! laughing Customs simply does not lag behind other government agencies on corruption ... No.
  10. +4
    23 December 2013 17: 06
    The author is well done! Almost a lecture or a student)))
    That's just he touched the visible and shown factors, but there is also the flip side of the coin. For example: the processing of vegetables is low, but the quality of the vegetables themselves and the taste are excellent, including the almost complete absence of nitrates ... And in Europe, at least half of the vegetables are grown by the Chinese ...
    1. Hug
      +1
      24 December 2013 18: 35
      Quote: Keeper
      The author is well done! Almost a lecture or a student)))
      .. And in Europe, at least half the vegetables grown by the Chinese ...


      Arguments to the audience! Otherwise - Odessa anecdote: "People, his daughter is a prostitute" - "And I don't have a daughter either."
  11. +2
    23 December 2013 17: 25
    Not bad am
    Although for some reason her current condition is not indicated.
  12. +2
    23 December 2013 18: 11
    The author perfectly described the external side of the economy, but did not elaborate on the "internal" one. Namely, these "personalities" must be taken into account. Without restraining these, NOTHING can be really done!
    I represent:
    "Firtash made a fortune on gas supplies. It is associated with the shadow side of gas transit to Europe and the most controversial periods of Russian-Ukrainian gas relations. For example, according to Ukrainian parliamentarians, the entire "gas crisis" of 2009 was designed and programmed by the duet Yushchenko-Firtash, who sang beautifully thanks to the "gas wars" with Russia, interrupting previously agreed contracts. When Yulia Tymoshenko's government ousted Firtash's structures lobbied by President Yushchenko from the chain of intermediaries, the latter immediately began to invest in political projects such as the BLOW party of the European homosexual idol Klitschko, Batkivshchyna Yatsenyuk and the most radical part of the so-called. opposition advocating "European integration at any cost" and today actually voicing Firtash's demands. Having bought up two-thirds of the state-owned stakes in Ukraine's regional gas operators in non-transparent tenders since last autumn, Firtash supports initiatives that are disadvantageous to Russia and has repeatedly publicly demonstrated a pro-Western attitude. According to him, the oligarch has completely focused his business on the EU. Firtash perfectly understands what the construction of the South Stream, which began in October, bypassing Ukraine, turns out to be for his gas gesheft. Therefore, his people are acting in unison with European officials such as Barroso and European Commissioner for Enlargement and European Neighborhood Policy Füle, who recklessly linked their political careers with Ukraine's signing of an agreement with the EU. "
  13. +2
    23 December 2013 18: 19
    "Igor Kolomiy - one of the richest residents of Switzerland, co-owner of UNIAN news agency, head of the largest commercial bank in Ukraine, owner of 20% of the world ferroalloys market, significant shares in the Ukrainian air transportation market and the largest European Kremenchug refinery, more precisely, in the oil production company Ukrtatnafta. This oligarch, whose main interests lie in the petrochemical, ferroalloy and banking industries, as well as in the European Jewish Council and the European Council of the Jewish Community of Geneva (where he lives), which he heads, is behind the Svoboda party, formally led by Oleg Tyagnibok. "
    Yanukovych family trying to get rid of the guardianship of Firtash-Akhmetov, who sponsored him in the elections. “The son of Yanukovych, Alexander, in fact, with the help of Segrey Kurchenko, Firtash’s monopoly on schemes for the gratuitous withdrawal of liquefied gas from the state-owned Naftogaz. Firtash-Akhmetov has already taken over "Neftegazodobycha". Http://polemika.com.ua/article-133945.html
  14. +2
    23 December 2013 18: 22
    This material will not be read on Maidan. For obvious reasons. I wonder if Azarov did not see this, or is the Author the only one - rozumnі?
    1. 0
      23 December 2013 18: 36
      Quote: GrBear
      This material will not be read on Maidan. For obvious reasons. I wonder if Azarov did not see this, or is the Author the only one - rozumnі?

      In the next topic: "Income and inflation. Who will win?" schedules and calculations in bulk, but no one believes ... sad
  15. +4
    23 December 2013 19: 05
    Who was yelling at Maidan that Russia should return 16% of the gold reserves of the USSR to them? At the same time he kept silent that Ukraine did not begin to incur Soviet debts to Parisian and similar clubs of creditors, so what percentage are we talking about? Moreover, as soon as Russia provided Kiev with a rather large sum, all of them immediately demanded lower energy prices, and again said nothing that when they joined the EU, the same tariffs should have been increased several times. Who will bring all this to the wretched from the Maidan?
    1. +3
      23 December 2013 19: 19
      Quote: Renat
      Who will bring all this to the poor from the Maidan?


      Do not worry so Renat, it used to be only orange shouted!
      And now more meaningfully people are suited to this! In addition to the Russian Federation, Ukraine will not support anyone. In fact, there is no money in the EU in the US, too, for both those and those of their own citizens are already gnawing around the whole of Europe! England was set out to hold a referendum on separation from the EU. Turks, India are looking at the vehicle, Israel will sign an agreement with the vehicle in 14, wait a little bit next year everything will be resolved!
  16. 0
    24 December 2013 03: 58
    I read the comments for the article and damn it was nice!
    People! You have brains! We will win)))
  17. Macclout
    +1
    24 December 2013 12: 46
    Ukraine urgently needs Putin! remember the 90s ?! Salaries are not paid, all the news - whether the IMF will give the next tranche or not, the oligarchs do what they want, the people knock on empty pans on the main square of the country. It was here, now in Ukraine! Putin came (Medveput, bribe-taker, Gebnya, dictator, destroyer of Russia's historical chance to become a "normal" country - emphasize the necessary) and put things in order, GDP grew from 750 billion to 3300 billion USD (data on the UN purchasing power parity), how not to scold him thereafter? But Ukraine was not lucky ... sorry for the brothers, I have relatives there.

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