The newest development of JSC Concern PVO Almaz-Antey and JSC IEMZ Kupol in the air defense system
World experience in the field of international military conflicts of the last decade shows that in all cases the attacker relied on the use of air attack means: tactical aircraft to achieve their goals aviationcruise missiles and precision weapons (WTO).
Priorities for air attack weapons were:
a) disorganization and destruction of the defense system of the defending party;
b) the destruction of the most important military installations: command posts, communications centers, warehouses, arsenals, military equipment clusters and military personnel in places of concentration;
c) suppressing the means of communication and control of the defending side and forcing it to fulfill the requirements of the attacking side.
In turn, the defending side made attempts to resist air strikes with available air defense weapons. It was the lack of a defensive side of a modern air defense system capable of repelling air strikes not only of tactical aircraft, but also of high-precision weapons, including cruise missiles of various bases and range of use, guided bombs, anti-radar missiles and air-to-ground guided missiles defeat.
Short-range anti-aircraft missile systems (ZRK) are the last frontier in the air defense system of any state. Today, defense capability and resistance to external aggression of states is assessed by the presence of a modern air defense system, and first of all by the presence of a short-range air defense system.
Therefore, today the most popular and most promising direction in the development of air defense systems is the creation of new air defense systems with enhanced combat capabilities. Demand in this segment of the arms market is growing rapidly, as is competition among suppliers.
One of the most effective short-range systems today are the Tor family air defense missile systems, specially designed to destroy high-precision air attack weapons, tactical aircraft, helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles in difficult jamming and meteorological conditions, day and night.
The newest development of JSC Concern PVO Almaz-Antey and JSC IEMZ Kupol is Tor-M2KM air defense missile system with combat and technical equipment in a modular design. It has high reliability and effectiveness in the fight against actively maneuvering air targets, guided and planning aerial bombs, anti-radar, guided and cruise missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, airplanes and helicopters. The complex is equipped with modern computing facilities and modern radars, which allow detecting and processing up to 48 targets, simultaneously accompanying the most dangerous targets to 10 and ensuring the simultaneous destruction of four targets from them.
"Tor-М2КМ" is a modular complex, which provides the accommodation of an autonomous combat module (ABM) and technical equipment on any automobile chassis, semi-trailers, trailers, other platforms of a corresponding capacity and in a stationary version. The ABM, which houses all special equipment, a computer system, radar and optical equipment, rocket armament, an operator compartment, an autonomous system and additional power supply with its own fuel supply, life support systems, ventilation and air conditioning, is installed on the car chassis and other platforms using three special, quick-release brackets. The special design of the brackets allows you to quickly move the ABM from one platform to another. Swapping ABM from one platform to another takes no more than 10 minutes and is performed with a conventional 25-ton crane. There is only one restriction: the technical characteristics of the platforms must meet the following requirements: for ABM, the load capacity of any platform must be at least 20 tons width not less than 2500 mm and length not less than 7000 mm, for technical equipment such as transport and charging machine, spare parts kit, battery command post and simulator - enough 5-8 tons, width 2500 mm and length 6000 mm.
ABM is not connected to the platform by any mechanical or hydraulic drives or energy systems. It has its own power source in the form of a gas turbine unit (GTE), which provides the generation of electricity required parameters and power. The exit time for the GTE operating mode is no more than 60 seconds. The total time to bring ABM on alert is no more than 3 minutes. An electrostatic converter that converts three-phase voltage 380В and frequency 50Hz from any external source into three-phase voltage 220В and frequency 400Hz is used for the first time as an additional power source in the module.
The Tor-М2КМ SAM system, located on the serial car chassis of the Indian company Tata Motors, was demonstrated at the MAKS-2013 International Air Show. By this we showed the whole world that the Dome designed an anti-aircraft missile system, the combat and technical means of which can be placed on any automobile chassis and other platforms at the request of the customer.
In addition, the possibility of placing ABM on the roofs of buildings and structures, on hard-to-reach platforms, trailers, semi-trailers, on railway platforms and even on low-tonnage vessels capable of withstanding loads of more than 20 tons is provided. This makes it possible to significantly expand the functionality of the complex, provide air defense of various military units of different types and branches of the Armed Forces, the most important state, military and industrial facilities, major cities (megalopolises), provide reliable protection from air terrorists of major international sports events, such as the Olympic Games or World Cup Championships.
When placing any air defense system in the city or on the territory of the protected object, the combat capabilities of the complex will be very severely limited due to the large number of ground objects, buildings and structures located in the working area of the complex’s radar equipment and the missile flight trajectories. The self-contained combat module of the Tor-M2KM air defense system in fully equipped condition weighs no more than 15 tons, which ensures its transportation on the external sling of a heavy transport helicopter Mi-26T or its foreign analogues. Thus, ABM can be delivered and installed in the most inaccessible places: at commanding heights, on the roofs of buildings and structures, where it will provide reliable protection of objects from any means of air attack included in the 15-kilometer zone of destruction of the complex.
The whole process of the Tor-MHNUMXKM air defense missile system is fully automated, the person only chooses to destroy from among the targets proposed by the machine. When the ZUR is ready for launch, the commander presses the START button. The anti-aircraft guided missile (SAM) is automatically aimed at the target and the target is undermining the missile warhead, thus ensuring a reliable defeat of the target. The combat equipment of the missile contains fragments of complex geometric shape, made of a special high-density alloy (tungsten-nickel-iron), This ensures the highest penetration ability of the fragment and almost completely eliminates the possibility of rebound. Small errors at the meeting point, adaptation of the radio fuse to the type of air target in combination with special combat equipment of the anti-aircraft missile system provide the complex with a high probability of hitting all types of air targets. .
Thus, by pressing the "Start" button, the commander will destroy the air target. With the defeat of the 1 target, the target and rocket channels are released, the machine automatically searches for the next target, automatically takes it to support, and when the SAM is ready for launch, the commander again presses the Start button. This process is repeated as the target and rocket channels are released automatically until the targets are in the air, and in the ABM there are missiles.
Anti-aircraft missile module provides transportation, storage and launch of four missiles. Each ABM has two anti-aircraft missile modules. The transport-charging module, means of maintenance and repair, a group set of spare parts and a simulator of the complex, placed in unified container bodies, can be installed on a car chassis similar to the ABM chassis, or on any car chassis, semi-trailers and trailers according to the customer.
The Tor-М2КМ SAM system is equipped with the GLONASS / GPS navigation system developed by the Russian company Navis. It not only determines the location of the complex with very high accuracy, but also provides measurement of the angular parameters of the ABM (heel and trim) in different planes. The calculation does not require the presence of geodetic skills that were necessary when using the instruments of the previous generation.
Of course, the use of new equipment and the expansion of functional tasks required certain changes in the ABM software.
In October-November, 2013 at the test site of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation Kapustin Yar underwent tests of the Tor-М2КМ air defense system with combat and technical equipment in a modular design, placed on the Indian-made TATA automobile chassis. During the tests, all the declared performance characteristics were fully confirmed, in particular, the combat capabilities of the complex for hitting air targets on the far border of the 15 km area, targets flying at a speed of 700 m / s, and targets flying with a course parameter more than 6 km at a distance 12 km. All-weather, all-day complex and its driving characteristics were confirmed. In addition, in the course of testing, the interaction in the grouping consisting of ABM, transport-charging module 9Т244К, radar on duty mode "Caste-2Е2" and unified battery command center "Ranzhir-MK" was tested. The Tor-М2КМ SAM system passed all tests with honor.
The number of air attacks and their varieties grows from year to year, so in no case should one stop there. Our designers and engineers are constantly working to improve the characteristics of the Tor family’s air defense systems, variants of a fundamentally new complex, looking for many years to come.
More information about the missile system can be obtained by clicking on the link. http://kupol.ru/spetstekhnika/zrk-tor-m2km/.
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