Revolution in the state defense order
In ria News A round table “Military Affairs - Competent Conversation” was held, at which Russian Deputy Defense Minister Yury Borisov and top officials or deputy heads of major state corporations and holding companies supplying weapons took part. The topic of conversation is the state defense order, its role in the implementation of the State Armaments Program until 2020.Yury Borisov made a detailed forty-minute report. He described the situation with the production of weapons and military and special equipment (VVST), the implementation of the state defense order and changes in it compared with the previous period. It should be noted that a number of changes, I’m not afraid, of this word, are revolutionary. They affect the very foundations of the state defense order, change the relationship between the customer and the contractor, and contribute to the development of the defense-industrial complex of Russia.
WHY CONTRACTS BREAK OUT
By mid-November, the volume of government contracts for GOZ-2013 amounted to more than 95% of their planned volume. It is predicted that at the end of December 97,5% of the planned volume of all funds will be contracted. This is due to the fact that part of the funds (about 2,5%) will be directed to the construction of infrastructure facilities to accommodate and ensure the operation of new AMIS entering the troops.
The troops delivered more than 50% of the annual volume of the main types of weapons and military equipment. In accordance with the terms of the contracts, by the end of the year the volume of deliveries of the main types of weapons will be approximately 95%. The forecast is quite accurate, since it is clear that a number of enterprises have already broken the deadlines for the fulfillment of the state defense order, and for a number of contracts there are serious prerequisites for failure.
In particular, OJSC “Arzamas Engineering Plant” in the city of Arzamas cannot cope with the production of the BTR-80 and BTR-82A due to insufficient production capacities and qualified personnel. Due to the lack of risk assessment at the stage of pre-contract work of JSC “AVIAKOR - aviation plant ”in Samara was simply not ready for the production of An-140-100 aircraft. Scientific Research Institute of Steel in Moscow cannot fulfill the terms of the contract for the production of bulletproof vests 6B23-1, because the supplying companies have overestimated the prices of components, so delivery is not possible at the price announced at the tender. Nobody can influence them. We are talking about an inaccurate assessment by the lead contractor of their capabilities when entering the competition.
Another reason for the disruption of supply is the low quality level of manufacturing components and materials, as a result of which the final product does not withstand field inspections and, as a result, the final product, which leads to negative test results, as well as to massive failures in operation. As an example: the Ansat-U helicopter produced by Kazan Helicopter OJSC and the 40H6 rocket to the C-400 complex, manufactured by the Avangard Moscow Machine-Building Plant in Moscow.
These are the typical reasons for the failure of the state defense order that the MoD faces.
The decline in the quality of military products and weapons continues. This is evidenced by the growing number of complaints. If in the 2011 year the Ministry of Defense of Russia prepared a 2271 complaint, then according to the results of the 2012 year only 3154 claims have already been filed for basic samples. Growth - in 1,4 times.
The Ministry of Defense receives unfair suppliers in strict accordance with the terms of the contracts concluded and the norms of the current legislation. Fines are levied, the amount of which is set in the concluded contracts, as a rule, 5% for the fact of breakdown and 0,1% for each day of delay. For all the facts of non-fulfillment of contractual obligations, the Ministry of Defense of Russia organized the claim work.
SYMMETRICAL SANCTIONS
The violation of contractual obligations by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation did not attract any penalties or other sanctions. Therefore, the customer happened to break the contract himself, not translating the advance on time, not giving a sensible technical task or concluding a contract very late. In this case, the state defense order should be fulfilled in any case until the end of the current year. It happened that the MoD, as a result of the provoked penalties, received the ordered AMLTs practically free of charge, while the manufacturer suffered multi-million losses, slipping into bankruptcy.
Recently, the State Duma in the second and third reading approved a law equalizing in the rights of the customer and the manufacturer of weapons. For the failure of the state defense order through the fault of the customer also provides for penalties. Suppliers of cooperation should also be punished for disrupting delivery dates and breaching the terms of the contract. And the only bidders who won them, but refused to sign the contract.
In order to improve the quality of the samples developed by the Armed Forces of the Higher Military Service of the RF Ministry of Defense, the Institute of Military Representations is being restored. The number of military representatives at defense companies during 2013 – 2015 should be increased to that established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on April 22 2011 No. 504с “On the military missions of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation”.
At the same time, by the end of the current 2013, it is planned to recruit military missions for officer positions up to 80%, and for civilian positions - up to 85%.
The functions of the military representatives of the Defense Ministry at the enterprises for pricing control have been restored, events related to the effectiveness of their work, including the monitoring of the implementation of research projects, have been organized.
Often it is impossible to conclude a state defense order because of the absence of those who want to fulfill it. According to the deputy chairman of the military industrial complex, Oleg Bochkarev, cited by 21 in November at the first All-Russian conference “Procurement in the military-industrial complex”, 2013 did not take place in 200 bidding for the state defense order for 25 billion rubles, mainly due to the lack of participants. Dozens of trades worth 10 billion were canceled.
RBC daily, citing the deputy head of Rosoboronpostavka, Mikhail Ivanov, reports that of the tenders announced this year, only 73% ended with the conclusion of contracts. Total 1,2 thousand contracts concluded for 287 billion rubles.
“The state has to buy very expensive military equipment,” says Oleg Bochkarev. “Corruption and gray procurement schemes are flourishing in this area,” adds Ivan Polyakov, chairman of the branch office of Business Russia for the defense industry. - Dirty on the hand performers at the auctions achieve the lowest price, after which they get 80% advance payment and disappear. And the enterprises themselves, which did not cope with the order, can easily get a new one. ”
FULL CYCLE
In 2013, there was a small revolution in the state defense order system. An extremely important decision has been made to conclude government contracts for the entire life cycle for serial deliveries to the AMS. This solves a number of problems both of the Ministry of Defense and of defense industry enterprises.
The army will no longer engage in time-consuming current, medium and major repairs with modernization. Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu made a decision on the primary transfer of 40 repair plants - subsidiaries of the infamous Oboronservis OJSC to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, Rostec Group, UAC, USC and other integrated structures. The forces of military repair agencies will only perform service maintenance.
The repair plants of the Ministry of Defense were distinguished by a long cycle of repair and modernization, their high cost and low quality. Cases of large-scale thefts were regularly opened, when repairs were only on paper.
The transfer of repair in the hands of manufacturers will increase the number of combat-ready equipment in the army. And the defense industry enterprises themselves will be provided with work in the period between orders of large quantities of military equipment, calculated for years, which contributes to the preservation of workers' personnel and mobilization capacities.
However, defense enterprises will first have to carry out a deep modernization in their production, as they will have to introduce a number of new technologies. So, assembly production may well be suitable for disassembly, but it is unlikely to ensure the processing of large-sized parts. So you have to buy new equipment and entire production lines. However, if you conduct a competent engineering, it will be a flexible production, suitable for the production of machinery parts, and for their refinement in the process of repair and modernization.
Enterprises will have to create a developed service network, equip service centers with modern diagnostic and repair equipment, train specialists in service (repair). And in order for repairs to occur less frequently, it is necessary to create training centers for specialists of the Armed Forces on the basis of manufacturing companies.
In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 7 of May 2012 No. 603 “On the implementation of plans (programs) for the construction and development of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies and the modernization of the defense industry complex” 3 June 2012, No. РД-П7-3277, the Russian Ministry of Defense, together with the interested military authorities, has begun work on creating a control system for the full life cycle of weapons, military and special techniques .
WEATHER FOR TOMORROW
The current HPV-2020 is to a large extent focused on complete procurement and repair of VVST - their share is of the order of 80% of the total allotment. This allows for maximum maintenance of the existing fleet of vehicles.
According to preliminary results of the implementation of the state defense order jobs Purchasing, repairing and servicing AMSE 2013 the end of the year we can predict increase in the share of serviceable equipment in the armed forces in comparison with the previous year. The HEAT health record will exceed 80%. The health of the most important IVST images will be close to 100%.
The state program of armaments involves improving the quality of equipment of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in the first place by providing modern weapons, military and special equipment and bring it to 2020 year to 70-100%.
At the end of 2013 of the year, the level of equipment of the Armed Forces with modern AMIS is:
in the Air Force - 42%;
in the naval navy - 53%;
in the Ground Forces - 17%;
in the armies of the East Kazakhstan region - 57%;
in Strategic Nuclear Forces - 39%.
It is planned to increase the level of serviceability of existing weapons, now from 48 to 100%.
Execution of the LG-2020 measures will bring the end of the program period serviceability of AMSE: the Army - to 85%, in the Airborne troops - up to 100%, in the Air Force - not less than 80%, while in the Navy - up to 60% good combat ships.
REVOLUTION CONTINUES
The day after the roundtable at RIA Novosti deputy head of the military department, Yuri Borisov at a working meeting in the federal "instrument" scientific-production center reported that the Ministry of Defense reduces the range of weapons and military equipment for the Army. He noted that in accordance with the state program of armament-2020, the ministry is implementing a set of measures aimed at the effective development of the weapons system of the Ground Forces. “Their implementation should ensure a reduction in the range of purchased weapons and military equipment by 2025% by 25 and, accordingly, increase their serial production,” Borisov said.
“In terms of optimizing the type of weapons, military and special equipment of the Ground Forces, their unification and standardization, there are a number of positive examples,” the deputy minister explained. - It is the creation of armaments on the basis of the unified inter-specific tracked and wheeled platforms such as the "Armata", "Kurganets", "Boomerang", work on the formation and transition to a unified series of types of artillery caliber. "
Another revolutionary change has occurred in the development of new weapons. Research organizations Defense reassigned species (genera) troops and interspecific contentment bodies responsible for organizing the operation (use) AMSE, which will set new development AMSE with the desired performance characteristics and to provide the necessary level of feedback between developers AMSE and troops - direct by consumers.
In this regard, work is underway to form a system of promising military research, including including the development of new technological reserves and the development of the latest weapon systems and robotic complexes.
The military-scientific complex and research institutes as the advanced section of the Ministry of Defense of Russia transformed by the decision of applied scientific tasks for the benefit of the species and genera of troops, deliberately maintains military-scientific support of the application and development of the Armed Forces, as well as the development and testing of modern samples of AMSE with the required tactical -technical characteristics, which allows for the creation of such weapons, which is necessary for the Armed Forces.
Under the influence of scientific and technological progress, the forms and methods of warfare change. And this predetermines equipping the army with innovative models of weapons and equipment, providing:
functioning within the framework of a single information management space;
the use of high-precision hypersonic weapons, as well as weapons on new physical principles;
the use of unmanned attack aircraft systems, robotics;
the use of unified mobile land combat platforms, etc.
At the same time, the development of concepts for the development of military technological resources, the creation of a scientific and technical reserve for promising technology, including the development of basic and critical military technologies, should be among the main priorities.
In order to ensure the dynamic development of breakthrough high-risk technologies in the interests of national defense and state security, a Fund for Advanced Studies has been created.
It is about creating an innovative army of the near future. But in order to provide it with high-tech models of weapons and military equipment, it is necessary to create a scientific, technical and industrial-technological base of the new generation at the defense industry enterprises. And this is not so easy.
In parallel with the armament program, there is a program for the modernization of the defense sector. Enterprises, as a rule, do not have their own funds for large-scale technical re-equipment of production, and the use of public funds is subject to a number of conditions that, in effect, emasculate the whole point of their use.
For example, there is no cooperation with engineering firms. And without competent engineering in our time to create a modern, cost-effective and high-performance production is impossible. Another problem is the competitions prescribed by federal law. We have to buy from the winner low-quality cheap stuff - machines of gray origin without service and supplies of the appropriate tool. In addition, 50% of purchased machines must be produced in Russia. And this, as a rule, is the “iron” of the last century.
In general, there are still enough problems in the field of state defense orders. For example, there is more than once a pricing problem. It is gratifying that these problems are systematically solved. But I would like them to be solved somewhat faster. But here the main “reshalschiki” will not be the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and not the defense industry complex, but the deputies of the State Duma. Because problems should be solved first of all at the level of legislation. Another thing is that the Ministry of Defense and the DIC could step up lobbying efforts and take a more active part in the drafting of intelligible laws that promote science and production, rather than hindering their development.
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