27 November - Marine Day
The history of amphibious assault goes back centuries. It is not known for certain whose fleet began to practice landing fighters on the enemy shore. It must be assumed that the first attempts to land combat sabotage groups from the sea were made in ancient times, since the first warships appeared.
In the modern sense of the word, the British are considered pioneers in the field of sea landing: it was they who began to practice landing from ships. Thanks to the efforts of the first emperor, the Russian army created a special marine corps only a little later than their European counterparts: in 1698, the first marine corps team in Russian history was formed from the crew of the Orel ship. After the successful completion of the Swedish campaign, the sovereign decided to create a whole regiment of naval soldiers, taking as a basis the team of the newly created Baltic fleet.
The fighters, dressed in vests and black peakless caps, were distinguished by their steadfastness and fearlessness in the Crimean War, courage in the battles of the First World War, terrified the aggressor in the Great Patriotic War. The post-war history of the Soviet marines was also rich. Our "black berets" took part in the Vietnam War, in the wars in Syria and Egypt, Guinea and Angola, in Afghanistan and Chechnya.
The Marine Corps is designed to conduct combat operations as part of landing and capture portions of the coast, coastal defense facilities and enemy infrastructure. This highly mobile branch of service is used to provide cover for naval bases and to keep occupied bridgeheads. Landing of marine units is carried out from landing ships and boats, ship helicopters aviationas well as floating machines.
And greetings from a visitor to the site, known under the nickname Karlsonn
Congratulations to the Russian Marine Corps on its professional holiday!
Since the site has repeatedly told the story of this remarkable kind of troops, I propose a selection of photographs of marines of fire years.
A fighter of the Northern Fleet Marine Brigade brings ammunition to machine-gun crews during battles on the Rybachiy Peninsula.
Fighters of the 12 th Red Banner Marine Brigade of the Northern Fleet on the march through the ridge of Musta-Tunturi during the Petsamo-Kirkenes operation.
Fighters 393 th battalion of marines in the battle near the village of Stanichka near Novorossiysk.
393 sniper of the separate battalion of the marines of the Novorossiysk naval base (naval base) of the Black Sea Fleet Philip Yakovlevich Rubakho (13.01.1923 - 14.09.1943).
In the Navy - since July 1941. As part of the consolidated battalion of the Marine Corps, Rubakho was sent to the land front and took part in the defense of Sevastopol. In December, 1941 was wounded and evacuated from Sevastopol, and after his recovery he was enrolled in the fleet's sniper school. By December, 1942 had 200 destroyed enemy soldiers and officers on his combat score. In December, 1942, F. Ya. Rubakho was injured again. After recovery, he was enrolled in the 393 Battalion of the Marine Corps. He took part in the landing of the amphibious assault near Novorossiysk, participated in the defense of the “Small Land” bridgehead. There he became the commander of a group of snipers, brought his personal account to 276 of German and Romanian soldiers and officers. In total, while the foreman of the 1 article was serving, F. Ya. Rubakho destroyed 346 soldiers and officers of the enemy, blew up eight bunkers, a tank and a mortar.
14 September 1943 of the year F. Ya. Rubakho was seriously wounded in the head at the bridgehead in Novorossiysk during an artillery attack, evacuated by boat to one of the hospitals of Sochi, but died the same day. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 22 of January 1944, for courage and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders, the head of the 1 article, Rubakho Filipp Yakovlevich, was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).
Party bureau of the 2 Battalion, 63 Brigade of the Northern Fleet Marine Corps.
Saninstruktor 369-th separate battalion of marines of the Danube military flotilla Chief Sergeant Ekaterina Illarionovna Mikhailov (Demina) (b. 1925).
EI Mikhailova - the only woman who served in the intelligence of the marines. She was awarded the Order of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, the Orders of the Patriotic War of 1 and 2 degrees, medals, including the Medal of Courage medal and the Florence Nightingale medal. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union, Chief Sergeant E. E. Mikhailov, was introduced in August and December of 1944, but the award did not take place. By the Decree of the President of the USSR on 5 in May 1990, Demina (Mikhailova) Ekaterina Illarionovna was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. XXUMX).
Reception of the Marine Corps on the torpedo boats of American type A-1 “Vosper” (Vosper) in the Romanian port of Constanza (Constanţa).
Boats from the 3 of the Konstanz Division torpedo boats of the Black Sea Fleet.
Scout of marines of the sailor-order carrier P. I. Kuzmenko. Leningrad front. The fighter is armed with an 7,62-mm Degtyarev submachine gun (PPD-40) and a Dyakonov hand grenade (WGD-33).
The landing of the Marine Corps by the ships of the Ladoga military flotilla near the village of Vidlitsa. Tuloksinskaya landing operation.
Loading of assault force of marines from the shore to the Soviet small river armored carrier "BK-14" of the 1125 project of the Dnieper military flotilla.
Factory number 349. Laid in 1941 year in Zelenodolsk, launched in spring 1942 year. 25.07.1942 to 02.02.1943 - as part of the Volga Flotilla. 20.10.43 to 09.05.1945 - in the Dnieper flotilla. He participated in the defense of Stalingrad, the Belarusian and Berlin offensive operations. 14.12.1956 was excluded from the Navy and transferred to DOSAAF. Since July, the 1944, the boat received for service the 82-mm rocket launcher M-8-M. The picture shows the boat already with this installation.
Fighters 355-th separate battalion of marines of the Pacific Fleet before landing in Seysin.
Soviet marine in the destroyed shop of the Stalingrad plant.
Soviet armored boat project 1125 / II (type 1942 / II) with the landing of the marine corps on board to the landing site. On the boat, instead of the aft tower, an 12,7-mm DShK machine gun is mounted on the turret. 1943-1944 years.
Marine scouts under the command of Lieutenant A.A. Petrova in ambush. Kola Peninsula. The detachment is armed with a captured German submachine gun MP-40 (in the foreground), submachine guns PPSH, self-loading rifles SVT, machine gun DP-27.
Hero of the Soviet Union, commander of the 1 Volunteer Detachment of the Northern Fleet Seamen, Senior Sergeant Vasily Pavlovich Kislyakov.
Senior Sergeant V. Kislyakov in August 1941, became the first Hero of the Soviet Union in the Northern Fleet.
Hero of the Soviet Union, assistant commander of a rifle platoon of the 125 th regiment of the marine corps of the Northern Fleet, Senior Sergeant Ivan Pavlovich Katorzhny. Fragment from the book of the commander in chief of the Navy, Admiral NG Kuznetsova: “... when breaking through to the port of Liinakhamari, the best qualities of our marines again showed up in all their glory. ... In the first assault roll, six hundred sixty marines commanded by Major I.A. Timofeev. Here are the piers. The first to land with his subordinates was Senior Sergeant I. P. Katorzhny. Soon he, along with Private IV Korolev, hoisted a red flag over the port building. ”
Sniper of the 255 Brigade of the Marine Corps of the Black Sea Fleet, elder Navy (Corporal) Mironova Elizaveta Fedorovna in the area of Novorossiysk. Sniper's personal account - about a hundred of destroyed soldiers and officers of the enemy. September 10 1943 was severely wounded in the battles for Novorossiysk (according to Memorial, a liver wound developed purulent peritonitis), and September 29 died in a hospital at the age of 19. Buried in Gelendzhik.
Landing fighters from the 142 th naval rifle brigade on the leader of the destroyers "Tashkent".
Marines of the 2 separate brigade of the Baltic Fleet. Foreground: foreman N. Granovsky. The famous photo of the Baltic marines, made by the press photographer of the newspaper "Leningradskaya Pravda" David Trakhtenberg.
Marines of the Black Sea Fleet reading newspapers.
Soviet marines against the background of a lined Japanese tank Ha Ha on Shumshu Island.
The commander of the 386 Second Battalion of the Marine Corps of the Black Sea Fleet, Hero of the Soviet Union, Major Nikolai Aleksandrovich Belyakov, reads the order to the personnel.
Marines in the port of Odessa, October 1941.
A marine sets the Soviet naval flag in liberated Sevastopol.
Chief Marine Officer of the Black Sea Fleet A. Anikin.
Soviet gunners transport 45-mm anti-tank gun to the top of the hill somewhere on the Kola Peninsula.
Soviet gunners transport 45-mm anti-tank gun to the top of the hill somewhere on the Kola Peninsula.
Soviet boats of the Northern fleet of type MO-4 with a landing force on board.
Soviet sniper - Buryat Radna Ayusheev from the 63 th brigade of marines.
Marines of the Northern Fleet in the sea on a boat project MO-4.
Marines of the Northern Fleet on the deck of a boat project MO-4.
Marines of the Northern Fleet land on the coast of the Kola Peninsula.
Marines from Major Ts. L. Kunikov’s detachment shortly before they took part in an amphibious operation and captured a bridgehead south of Novorossiysk, called the “Small Land”, on the night of February 4. Only three of them survived the landing. The far left is Kirill Dibrov (later took part in the Kerch landing operation, awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union), the second in the last row is Vladimir Kayda, and Otari Janani with a grenade in the center.
Soviet soldiers in battle on the Kola Peninsula.
German coastal battery (consisting of 210-mm howitzers (according to the German classification - mortars) Moerser 18 / 19 (t) of Czech production), captured by Soviet marines as a result of the landing in the Finnish port of Liinakhamari (now part of the Murmansk region). 12 -14 October 1944 of the year.
181-th special reconnaissance detachment of the Northern Fleet. 1944 g., After the capture of Cape Cross. October 12 1944, a detachment under the command of Lieutenant Viktor Leonov, attacked two German batteries at Cape Krestovo, which controlled the entrance to Petsamo Bay, and captured them, ensuring the landing of naval forces.
Soviet marines set ship's guys on the highest point of Kerch - Mount Mithridates. Crimea. The city was finally liberated from the 11 invaders on April 1944. Back in October-November 1943, the Nazis conducted a forced evacuation of the population of Kerch and its environs, who were hiding were shot. At the time of liberation, only 30 residents turned up in the city.
Soviet marines on a halt. Crimea.
The capture of German soldiers. Somewhere in the Crimea.
Soviet marines of the Baltic Fleet paddling in a boat. Despite the 1943 year, one of the fighters is an old pre-war steel helmet of the US-36.
Somewhere on the Kola Peninsula. Soviet sailors demonstrate their readiness for battle. The photo is interesting because everyone is armed with the famous “gangster” machine gun “Thompson” М1928А1 (Thompson M1928A1), supplied to the USSR under the Lend-Lease program. Also, none of the sailors categorically does not use a wooden horizontal forearm.
Landing of marines in the area of Kerch. October 31 1943, the Soviet troops began crossing the Kerch Strait. As a result of the landing operation 11 on April 1944, Kerch was finally liberated. The severity and bitterness of the battles during the defense and liberation of Kerch is evidenced by the fact that for these battles 146 people were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and the 21 military unit and unit were awarded the honorary title of Kerch.
Attack of the Marines in the defense of Stalingrad.
Fight on the Rybachiy Peninsula, 1944
Soldiers of marines at the arch of Primorsky Boulevard in the liberated Sevastopol.
The pedestrian arched bridge today.
One more time:
- Happy holiday, comrades marines! Where are you, there is victory!
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