UH-60 Black Hawk (Black Hawk)

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The UH-60 Black Hawk (Black Hawk) is a multipurpose helicopter created by the American company Sikorsky. The helicopter is in service with the American army, where he replaced the famous Bell UH-1, which is one of the symbols of the Vietnam War. A new rotary-winged vehicle was designed to transport 11 troops in full gear. A prototype helicopter flew into the sky on October 17 1974, and on December 23 1976, the helicopter became the winner of the competition announced by the military and was put into mass production. The helicopter is still being produced. Since 1977, more than 4 thousands of UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters of various modifications have been produced. The general public is familiar with the helicopter from the feature film “Black Hawk Down”, which tells about the events in the Somali capital in 1993.

History Development of

Creation of the UH-60 helicopter began after the US military gave Boeing-Vertol, Bell, Lockheed and Sikorsky companies the task of designing a multi-purpose tactical helicopter designed to supply troops on the battlefield and conduct amphibious operations. The helicopter was created under the program UTTAS - Utility Tactical Transport Air System (multipurpose tactical transport helicopter). The new multi-purpose helicopter was to replace the Boeing-Vertol CH-46 “Sea Knight” transport helicopter, which is in service with the ILC, and the multi-purpose army helicopter Bell UH-1, which is in service with the army. In 1971, the military decided on the requirements for the future car: it was necessary to transport the 11-15 people compartment in the helicopter cockpit; crew up to 3 people; ensuring that the helicopter can be transported without disassembly on Lockheed C-130 and C-141 aircraft; equipping the machine with two engines.

UH-60 Black Hawk (Black Hawk)

The initial production program included the release of 1100 helicopters, it was planned to finish it by 1985, at that time this program was the largest helicopter program of the American army. The cost of the entire UTTAS helicopter program, including the development, acquisition and operation of vehicles over 10 years, was initially estimated by the US military at 2,4 billion dollars, but then increased to 6,5 billion dollars, and the price per car increased accordingly from 2 to 5,8 million dollars In 1972, the military issued requirements for LTH UTTAS helicopters and 9 specifications to manufacturing companies.

Of the 9 helicopter companies that presented their projects to the UTTAS helicopter, the Pentagon selected designs from Sikorsky and Boeing-Vertol, which were supposed to provide prototypes. According to the contract, it was planned to build lots of 4-x pilot helicopters from each of the firms. One helicopter was designed to conduct static tests, another 3 machine for flight tests. After the military had decided on the manufacturer, it was planned to build more 5 experienced helicopters so that all 8 machines could take part in operational tests.

In 1973, the UTTAS helicopter, developed for the military by Sikorsky, received the designation S-70 (intra-firm) and military - UH-60A. Experienced helicopter - YUH-60 for the first time flew into the sky 17 October 1974 of the year. After the evaluation tests of the prototypes were completed in 1976, the US military conducted a comparative analysis of the Sikorsky and Boeing-Vertol helicopters and chose the Sikorsky helicopter. The main reasons for choosing a Sikorsky UH-60A multipurpose helicopter were lower operating costs during the 20-year design period and lower technical risks.


Description of construction

The fuselage of the semi-monocoque helicopter, all-metal, is made of light alloys. Composite materials based on Kevlar and fiberglass are used in the construction of the crew cabin, doors, fairings, lamps and engine hood. The fuselage has a shockproof design that is able to withstand the overload in 10g with vertical and 20g with a frontal impact. The back of the fuselage of the car smoothly passes into the tail boom with an asymmetrical profile and an end beam bent up, to which the steering screw and the stabilizer are attached. The stabilizer is direct, controlled, its span is 4,37 m. The change of the installation angle is made using a control system that receives signals about the angle of the total pitch, airspeed, lateral acceleration and angular velocity. For convenience of transportation and during parking, folding tail boom is provided.

Entry to the double cockpit is through the 2-e side doors that are dropable. Pilot seats are armored. The helicopter's cargo cabin has dimensions 4,95x 2,21x1,87 m, its volume is 11,6 cubic meters. On both sides of the cargo compartment there are sliding doors with dimensions 1,5х1,75 m. 11 soldiers with their own weapons or 6 wounded soldiers on stretchers can easily be placed in the helicopter's cargo compartment.

The helicopter’s tricycle landing gear, non-retractable, has one wheel on each support. The main landing gear lever type, they are equipped with a two-chamber shock absorbers. Installed on the helicopter pneumatic-hydraulic damping system allows the absorption of impact energy to the ground with the resulting overload in 40g without touching the fuselage ground helicopter. The base of the helicopter chassis is 8,83 m, the track gauge is 2,7 m.


The rotor of the helicopter is four-bladed, the blades are hinged. The sleeve is monolithic, made of titanium alloy and has dampers and elastomeric bearings that do not require lubrication. This, in turn, allows 60% to reduce the amount of maintenance work. Helicopter blades have a rectangular shape in plan, have spars of oval cross-section, made of titanium alloy and a tail part in which the “Nomex” honeycomb is used. The trailing edge and the butt of the blades are made of composite materials based on graphite. The blades are made of fiberglass plating, and the counterweights mounted along the toe of the blade are also made of this material. The blades of the helicopter are designed according to the principle of a safely damaged structure, due to which they are able to withstand the hit of 23-mm artillery shells. The blades are equipped with an electric anti-icing system.

The helicopter's tail rotor is also four-bladed, its diameter is 3,35 m., The blades are not articulated. Together with the end beam, the tail rotor is tilted sideways at an angle of 20 degrees, which allows you to increase the centering range and create a vertical component of the thrust. The sleeve consists of 2-x cross-shaped beams. In terms of the blades have a rectangular shape, made using composite graphite-epoxy material, as well as the rotor blades have an electric anti-icing system.

The power plant of the helicopter includes 2 turboshaft GTE General Electric T700-GE-700, which are located in the nacelles on both sides of the main rotor pylon. The maximum engine power T700-GE-700 was 1285 kW. This engine was designed to meet the requirements that were obtained during the experience of operating helicopters in Vietnam. The fuel system of the car consisted of standard internal fuel tanks, with a capacity of 150 liters, in addition, in addition, it was possible to install another internal tank with a capacity of 440 liters. In versions of the helicopter HH-60 and MH-60, on high-winged winged pylons, discharged tanks with a capacity of 870 liters could be mounted. The maximum possible fuel supply of the helicopter is 3545 liters.


The control system of the helicopter is hydraulic, booster, dubbed. The helicopter has an auxiliary power unit “Solar” with a power of 67 kW. It provides the starting of the main engines as well as the hydraulic drive.

The main elements of the navigation system of the machine were inertial navigation system and Doppler radar. Initially, it was possible to install a helicopter positioning system using satellites. The equipment provided for the defense of the helicopter includes an infrared reflector and tracers automatic disperser, as well as a radar receiver ARP-39.

Today, without any exaggeration, we can say that the “Black Hawk” is a combat vehicle of the XXI century, despite the fact that it has been more than 40 years old. As a result of the development of this helicopter, a universal platform for all types of military forces appeared, which, by the totality of its characteristics, is a leader in the world. In addition to the UH-60 land base, the 2 anti-submarine SH-60F "Ocean Hawk" and SH-60B "Sea Hawk" anti-submarine helicopters were developed (these helicopters are equipped with a descending hydroacoustic station and magnetometers). The HH-60 “Rescue Hawk” helicopter was also designed to carry out military search and rescue operations, as well as special operations and the MH-60 “Knighthawk” helicopter line, which includes helicopter gunships, deck helicopters, ambulance helicopters, helicopters for conducting special operations and jammers.


Currently, the helicopter is still actively exported. Modern helicopter models are saturated to the limit with various high-tech equipment, which, in turn, does not allow for a long time to store the machine outside the hangar and makes high demands on maintenance personnel. The adoption of the UH-60 multipurpose helicopter, which is actively used by all military branches, as well as on navy, significantly reduced operating costs and simplified maintenance. In the army, he replaced the famous UH-1 Iroquois, and in the fleet, SeaSprite. Currently, the helicopter is successfully duplicating the tasks of fire support helicopters and transport vehicles, as well as replacing the SH-3 Sea King heavy helicopters and the MH-53 minesweepers.

Flight performance of UH-60L:
Dimensions: main rotor diameter - 16,36 m, tail rotor diameter - 3,35 m, length with blades - 19,26 m, fuselage width - 2,36 m, height - 5,13 m.
The mass of the empty helicopter is 4819 kg., The maximum take-off is 10660 kg.
Engine type - General Electric 2 turboshaft T700-GE-701C, HP power 2х1890
Maximum speed - 295 km / h, cruising - 278 km / h.
Combat radius of action - 592 km.
Ferry range - 2220 km.
Practical ceiling - 5790 m.
Crew - 2 people. plus up to 2's machine gun operators.
Payload - 1200 kg. inside the fuselage, on the suspension - 4100 kg, including 11 soldiers or 6 stretchers for the wounded.
Armament (optional): 2x7,62-mm machine gun M240H or 2x12,7-mm machine gun GAU-19 inside the cab. Combat load - up to 4536 kg on 4-x suspension units: guided and unguided air-to-surface and air-to-air missiles, 20 and 30-mm artillery mounts.























Information sources:
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/uh/uh60.html
http://dokwar.ru/publ/vooruzhenie/aviacija_i_flot/vertolet_uh_60_quot_chernyj_jastreb_quot_sikorsky_s_70/15-1-0-301
http://thebrigade.thechive.com/2013/11/13/random-60-hawks-in-high-res-46-hq-photos
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk
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52 comments
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  1. +9
    18 November 2013 08: 49
    A cool selection of pictures, I already knew the facts, because the car is branded and it is known in the world, like the Apache.
    1. 0
      18 November 2013 11: 57
      Quote: Sashkessss
      because the car is branded and it is known in the world, like the Apache.

      Aapach looks different.
    2. +1
      18 November 2013 12: 13
      What nonsense. Apache and Black Hawk are different helicopters.
      1. Jake danzels
        +9
        18 November 2013 13: 03
        read carefully, the person wrote "like the Apache"!
    3. +4
      18 November 2013 13: 57
      Only in the conditions of our climate she can’t live for a long time)
  2. +4
    18 November 2013 08: 53
    This is the only American pinwheel that I like - the carrying fuselage, 2 engines, elastomers on the HB sleeve.
  3. roller2
    +7
    18 November 2013 09: 17
    Well, an unobtrusive option
    1. +3
      18 November 2013 09: 45
      Is this an idea? the proportions have changed a little ...
      1. +9
        18 November 2013 10: 37
        Quote: dmitry21
        Is this an idea? the proportions have changed a little ...

        As far as I know, no one has photographed it entirely. In parts, it happened:
      2. vtur
        +2
        18 November 2013 11: 03
        Quote: dmitry21
        Is this an idea? the proportions have changed a little ...

        In the English-language Wikipedia (article "Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk") there is a mention about the MH-60 Black Hawk stealth helicopter, that one of the two (known) specially modified helicopters was lost during the raid to eliminate B. Ladden. The helicopter has special panels and coatings that reduce noise and radar visibility. It also says that this information is at the level of rumors.
        By the way, this miracle can be seen in thin. movie "Target number one" ...
        1. 0
          18 November 2013 21: 41
          I immediately recall the open lights of our destroyers at the beginning of the war, nullifying the achievements of aerodynamics. The question is the hanging legs of the Marine from the open doors of Silent Hawk how to reduce the visibility on the radar ???
    2. +3
      18 November 2013 10: 57
      Quote: rolik2
      Well, an unobtrusive option

      An unobtrusive option? .. But explain to me, dear Alexander, all its advantages over standard "multi-noticeable" helicopters. I will even say a magic word - "please!" ...
      1. roller2
        0
        18 November 2013 13: 02
        Well, at least in reducing engine noise
    3. 0
      18 November 2013 21: 38
      Bin Laden had a home radar on the roof ????))))
  4. +5
    18 November 2013 09: 39
    A good multi-purpose helicopter. But for Afghanistan, the US still bought the MI-17.
    1. Eugeniy_369
      +3
      18 November 2013 10: 26
      Quote: Ingvar 72
      But for Afghanistan, the US still bought the MI-17.

      There, like info slipped that future aces from Afghanistan laughing it's easier to teach flying on the Mile than on the Sikorsky wassat . Yes, and our cars seem unpretentious.
      And the UH-60 Black Hawk has become a workhorse for Americans.
      1. +7
        18 November 2013 10: 47
        The United States initially around the world collected the worn-out Mi-8s, restored them and delivered them to Afghanistan. It turned out very cheap. The last deal to buy the Mi-17 was canceled by the way.
        Made in Russia, modernized in America

        The cost of the Mi-17 varies widely. In Eastern Europe, some helicopters already in use cost less than a million dollars each. Iraq received 22 Mi-17 helicopters from Russia for about $ 3.7 million each. Another time, the United States bought 24 refurbished Mi-17s for Iraq for $ 4.4 million each. The most expensive were 22 Mi-17 equipped with American electronics for night operations. They cost about $ 15 million each.
        1. Eugeniy_369
          +2
          18 November 2013 11: 55
          Quote: professor
          The last deal to buy the Mi-17 was canceled by the way.

          Hello Professor! hi
          U.S. weapons lobby toad crushed laughing .
          Even the little things were led ....
        2. vtur
          +1
          18 November 2013 13: 30
          Quote: professor
          The last deal to buy the Mi-17 was canceled by the way

          It is doubtful. The flywheel withdrawal of coalition forces from Afghanistan launched. A couple of months ago on the BBC in the Hardtalk program there was a conversation with an Afghan general, it seems even the Minister of Defense. It was about the fact that with the withdrawal of the coalition forces of the Afghan army, rapid reaction forces and many helicopters were needed. Mi-17 is more load-lifting, cheaper and less whimsical than Black Hawk; also capable of transporting some equipment inside. In addition, the maintenance of the Black Hawk in Afghanistan would be an endless headache for Americans ...
          1. The comment was deleted.
          2. vtur
            +1
            19 November 2013 08: 40
            The interview was with General Sher Mohammad Karimi, the commander of the Afghan army. The report itself could not be found, but this one came across:
  5. +4
    18 November 2013 10: 23
    Replaced UH-1 in the Army, but not in the Navy. For the Marines, the twin-engine UH-1Y is still being produced.
    1. +4
      18 November 2013 11: 33
      The key moments in the creation of the new transport and landing helicopter were the maximum reduction in the life cycle cost, of which only the elastomeric hinges cost a "squeak" at that time. As well as the preservation of fairly high handling characteristics, historically it so happened that the majority of helicopter pilots in the US Armed Forces were " conscripts "ie. people with somewhat limited training (before the transition of the aircraft to contract service) .As a result, the conditions of the competition were not met by any of the participating companies. The total number of decisions aimed at reducing the life cycle of the UH-60 is quite large, but everything is canceled out by the requirement of hangar storage, which, for example for the USMC is fundamentally unacceptable, this is what caused the preservation and persistent modernization of the "previous generation" helicopters, which do not have such restrictions. With controllability, it is still worse, the Pentagon was forced to pay for a special research work, which confirmed the "complaints" of all firms participating in the competition the impossibility of creating control systems for helicopter platforms with the required MGH based on the principles of simple linear differentiation, as a result, the UH-60 has a rather complex hydraulic system, which in fact is (in some approximation) an "analogue" of the EDSU. As a result (although it is difficult to call "Khavk" a failure ) the customer was forced to choose the lesser of evils.
    2. FRITZ LANG
      +2
      19 November 2013 00: 13
      Venom is a cool helicopter in its class
  6. -8
    18 November 2013 10: 32
    Quote: Sashkessss
    A cool selection of pictures, I already knew the facts, because the car is branded and it is known in the world, like the Apache.

    what heresy?
  7. -11
    18 November 2013 10: 45
    Crap, not a car .. ours is much better, even Americans say it.
    1. +3
      18 November 2013 10: 48
      Quote: Cormorants
      Crap, not a car .. ours is much better, even Americans say it.

      which is better?
      Let TTX in the studio for comparison.
    2. 0
      18 November 2013 12: 17
      More specific
      1. +3
        18 November 2013 16: 53
        So I thought that without the competition "who's longer" is indispensable)) I do not presume to assert that Mi-8 is better or worse than an African-American (which would be politically correct) hawk. If we are to compare, then let's do it reasonably.
  8. -4
    18 November 2013 10: 49
    Quote: Sashkessss
    A cool selection of pictures, I already knew the facts, because the car is branded and it is known in the world, like the Apache.

    In, the American Armed Forces are photogenic, and that's it, in fact, these well-documented and well-promoted soldiers and equipment and are not worth a penny.
    1. +6
      18 November 2013 16: 55
      Quote: Cormorants
      In, the American Armed Forces are photogenic and that's it, in fact, these well-captured and well-promoted soldiers and equipment and a penniless

      In vain you are so, in vain ... do not underestimate your potential "ally"
  9. +2
    18 November 2013 10: 52
    The spinner is great. And if you take into account the whole number of options and modifications, it is so simply magnificent ... Even with all its shortcomings, it copes with the tasks assigned to it. Simple and reliable enough. In a word - a worthy replacement for "Iroquois" ...
    PS But comparing it with the Mi-8/17 is still somewhat incorrect. They belong to different classes of rotorcraft. And their purpose is initially different ...

    "Black hawk" from Sikorsky ...
  10. +3
    18 November 2013 10: 55
    A good helicopter. Time-tested.
    1. +2
      18 November 2013 15: 11
      And if it was written about ours in an article, would they write "junk developed under the USSR"?
  11. 0
    18 November 2013 11: 23
    Well, something, and the Americans do not know how to do helicopters, but we, too, like nothing, the "cow" flies and will fly, although the design of the Americans is at its best, well, okay.
    1. vtur
      +2
      18 November 2013 13: 37
      Quote: Standard Oil
      Already something, and Americans do not know how to do helicopters

      And if Sikorsky would remain in Russia, they would not know how ... crying
      1. 0
        18 November 2013 17: 04
        If they really started to measure with screws, are helicopters with a coaxial screw circuit manufactured in series in the states?
  12. +3
    18 November 2013 12: 01
    And this is the Russian Ka-60, Kasatka. An analogue of the black hawk, it is a pity that they are not in the series yet.
    1. +4
      18 November 2013 12: 02
      Why is it Ka-60 analog? Different class of car.
      1. 0
        18 November 2013 12: 08
        Quote: Bongo
        Why is the Ka-60 analogue?

        And to which class do you take it.
        1. +2
          18 November 2013 12: 14
          And you compare their take-off weight and hoisting capacity on the external sling.
          1. 0
            18 November 2013 12: 25
            Or we can count on passengers.
            Ka-60-14 people.
            UH-60L-2 pilot 11 or 13 passengers.
            The internal volume cannot be expanded.
            If you compare with Mi-8,17, then there 24-26 people fit.
            1. +3
              18 November 2013 12: 51
              You are confusing the concept of passenger and carrying capacity. Agree, it's still not the same thing.
              Ka-60 is closest to the AgustaWestland AW139 helicopter.
              1. -1
                18 November 2013 13: 01
                Quote: Bongo
                Agusta Westland AW139.

                So August is a European analogue of these machines, especially when creating it, Belovtsy lit up.
                Here, in general, you probably need to switch from carrying capacity to passenger capacity, taking into account internal volumes.
                1. +2
                  18 November 2013 13: 12
                  Well, yes, and do not take into account the take-off weight and engine power.
              2. +1
                18 November 2013 13: 10
                Well, what to argue if our special forces use the Iroquois and Eurocopters.
                1. 0
                  18 November 2013 23: 21
                  Hmm ... There is either politics or Asian "trick"))
    2. +1
      18 November 2013 14: 00
      Americans use UH-60 for the following purposes:
      Conducting air assault landings
      Transportation 1-2 infantry squads
      Evacuation of the wounded from the battlefield
      Logistics support for infantry units
      Transportation of bulky goods in the external slider near the front edge of the battlefield, where it is undesirable to use Chinuki.

      Looking at all the above, we can conclude that any more or less "Heavy" turntable can perform these tasks. But there is one BUT, namely the concept of using battlefield helicopters in the United States.

      For purely transport tasks, the CH-47 is used, it is jokingly called a bus, this is a kind of "strategic" transport of the battlefield.
      For tactical transportation of everything and everything is UH-60.
      Fire support AH-64.

      This is all clear, but the main task of the UH-60 in the US Army is the transportation of goods! People are the background. Large masses of personnel are transporting the CH-47.
      The U.S. Army does not complain about the UH-60 for capacity for people, but complains about its low payload capacity and, accordingly, constantly increases the payload capacity without increasing capacity.

      The main advantages of the UH-60 are its maneuverability, I think the idea is understandable quick means it is more difficult to get there.
      The main drawback is roominess, but it carries people last of all because the roomy is the US CH-47 Chinook.
      1. Vinny-buh
        -4
        18 November 2013 17: 22
        I have never seen Hawk carrying goods ... Only !!! fighters and wounded, well ... 200s, naturally.
        And the US Army just doesn’t complain about Hokie, and it’s not capacity that increases, but power ...
        Cool you are pushing here about ,, battlefield ,, etc. I can also blurt out the same thread about the same kind of knowledge.
        1. +4
          18 November 2013 17: 32
          Quote: Vinny-Buh
          I have never seen Hawk carrying goods ... Only !!! fighters and wounded, well ... 200s, naturally.



          Quote: Vinny-Buh
          Cool you are pushing here about ,, battlefield ,, etc.

          There is a combat option:
        2. 0
          19 November 2013 00: 01
          Quote: Vinny-Buh
          I have never seen Hawk carrying goods ... Only !!! fighters and wounded, well ... 200s, naturally.
          And the US Army just doesn’t complain about Hokie, and it’s not capacity that increases, but power ...
          Cool you are pushing here about ,, battlefield ,, etc. I can also blurt out the same thread about the same kind of knowledge.

          I read a document from the Ministry of Defense to some committee of the parliament. So there, to the smithereens of the warrior, the UH-60 carrying capacity was smashed. The description was very strange. It gave an example of how many boxes and with what property the UH-60 can take and how much free space will remain in the cabin. With all this, it was especially noted that this volume is not enough for transporting personnel, but this volume is even excessive for transporting personnel, but the carrying capacity is not enough.

          If you look for a video of the transportation of personnel in Afghanistan, for the most part it will be a video from the Chinukov, there are from the UH-60 but there are few of them, very suspiciously few.

          I can’t say anything about maneuverability. But I saw how the Mi-8 flies, as for me the Mi-8 is a very maneuverable machine, I don’t understand much more. But according to UH-60 it is especially noted that his ridge is maneuverability. If some special would appreciate the maneuverability of the Mi-8/17 and UH-60 it would be interesting, but I could not find such an analysis.

          I want to explain about the battlefield - UH-60 is not used to perform fire missions, I have not found UH-60 from Afghanistan or Iraq with body kits, only special forces in army aviation have these. UH-60 is used to transport goods in the most dangerous places, in the event of enemy fire, should the UH-60 maneuver out of the fire? so they write. There also probably is some kind of logic for the warrior, the loss of one UH-60 is not comparable with the loss of the Ch-47, therefore the Ch-47 should not be sent under fire, but this was not my guess to read this.
    3. recruit6666
      0
      19 November 2013 07: 58
      but in battle 3 and 4 there is a long time !!!!
  13. 0
    18 November 2013 19: 34
    Professor, sorry for the personal question, on military subjects - are there
    topics in which you are not competent?
    1. +3
      18 November 2013 20: 14
      Quote: Olegmog
      Professor, sorry for the personal question, on military subjects - are there
      topics in which you are not competent?

      I don’t climb into these topics and I don’t see my comments there.
  14. 0
    18 November 2013 21: 06
    The name of the helicopter can make you laugh, but it doesn’t affect its positive qualities. This, of course, is a very ordinary helicopter with a well-thought out and rational layout. The squad for the landing is done correctly, well and conveniently. Machine guns on the sides will not interfere. Be sure to put a Gatling rapid-fire machine gun, you can’t get enough cartridges for it.
  15. 0
    18 November 2013 21: 25
    A very beautiful car - a thoroughbred ...
  16. +1
    18 November 2013 21: 58
    The Americans have the most beautiful toys in the world, well, the Germans do not remain)))

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