Blow out of the water. The continuation of the disaster
This material is the final part of the discussion of the article by A. Nikolsky "The Russian fleet goes under water." In its quest to prove that AOG is the best and most effective form of organization fleetA. Nikolsky raised a number of interesting questions, but, alas, gave them rather strange answers. This time we will try to look at the situation from a different angle and evaluate how high the survivability of an aircraft carrier ship is and how difficult it is to build such a ship.
For sinking of the American aircraft carrier it was required to 30 of hits of rockets "Granit"
I am afraid that 30 will not hit "Granites" with conventional combat units to drown "Nimitz".
His superstructure-island will fall off, decks will swell up from the unbearable heat, everything that can burn will burn, and not a single human being will remain from the crew, but the radioactive charred box will still rise above the water, slightly tilting on the port side.
100000-tonne Leviathans have a huge reserve of buoyancy - you can beat them aboard above the waterline for as long as you like, but they will only sink when they receive significant damage to the underwater part of the hull. During the Second World War, the ruins of aircraft carriers burnt and abandoned by crews drifted for another day - until they were finished off by submarines and their own escort (for example, the death of the aircraft carriers Yorktown and Hornet).
10 - 12 was required to disable it.
... we take as the average 25 hits "Onyx" for the removal of the aircraft carrier down.
... we take as the average 25 hits "Onyx" for the removal of the aircraft carrier down.
Senator John McCain sadly looked at the number "25" and thought about something
- How much explosive contains every Onix's warhead?
- The mass of the warhead 250 kg, of which explosives account for about half. Plus a hundred liters of unburned kerosene T-6 and the kinetic energy of the parts of the rocket that hit the ship at three speeds of sound.
- Sounds bad ...
What is fun? Again, this McCain smoked in the wrong place!
The next flight is delayed. For a long time
Ooh, tomorrow this place will hurt!
The poor man. Probably, 10 PKR Granit got into it ...
It is said that scars adorn
In his youth, Senator McCain witnessed (according to the popular version the culprit) of the terrible fire on the Forrestal aircraft carrier: an 127-mm Zuni rocket spontaneously launched from one of the planes, hitting the attack aircraft that was fully loaded and prepared for departure. The fuse stopped the explosion, but fuel from the flared Skyhawk tank poured in, immediately ignited by hot rocket debris.
The firestorm swept across the entire stern of the ship. Fuel tank explosions, detonating bombs fireworks ... wounded by shrapnel
The fire aboard the Forrestal raged for three hours (the strong smoke from the interior, which made the fighting posts on the lower decks unsuitable for service, continued for 14 hours). Over the 21 plane was thrown burning aircraft, several dozen cars were damaged. The aircraft carrier temporarily lost its course, completely lost its combat capability and ability to perform any tasks. Two days later, the burnt “Forrestal” box, exhausted, moored at the berth base in the Philippines. Repairs were estimated at a quarter of the cost of building a new aircraft carrier.
This is what a single unexploded Zuni has done, accidentally flying across the deck of the Forrestal!
Floating airfields have extremely low resistance to combat damage. Lots of aircraft, tanks and ammunition - all of these fire hazardous pieces are neatly placed on the upper (flight) deck, where they are deprived of any constructive protection. The smallest fragment, the spark - and the fiery hell begins.
The Yankees introduced draconian security measures, confiscated matches and lighters from the whole crew, forbadeing to remove the fuses from the bombs on pain of death before the aircraft reached the starting catapult. The flight deck forced irrigation system was urgently developed - when activated, the Nimitz turns into Niagara Falls. Fire shutters, advanced fire extinguishing system on the hangar deck, armored tractors that can quickly push an emergency plane overboard. Improving the reliability and quality of manufacturing ammunition. Regular training of personnel (the second specialty of the American seaman - fire).
The measures taken were effective: over the past 45 years, not a single destructive fire has been noted on board the aircraft carriers of the US Navy. Even the most serious accidents (aircraft collision on the deck of AB Nimitz, 1981 or jammed descent aviation the cannons on board the same AB, 1988) did without catastrophic losses: the fire was quickly localized, the air wing lost a couple of dozen aircraft, but the ship itself did not receive significant damage.
This will be a fire show!
But no fire brigade and deck irrigation systems will save Nimitz. with the detonation of hundreds of kilograms of blasting on the flight deck. The blast wave, splinters and red-hot explosion products will completely burn out all the nearby spottings with aircraft equipment. In the conditions of a crowded arrangement of aircraft, the entire deck in one moment will turn into a sea of raging fire and a shapeless pile of debris of the Hornets, Prowlers and Houkaev.
Will the surface of the deck be able to maintain its working condition, or will it be pierced in 9 locations, as happened on the Forrestol? Can catapult, aerofinishers, elevator lifts, and ammunition elevators, reflective shields, fuel dispensers, and landing aid optical systems (a low-angle light system) survive?
The situation with the Onyx warhead blast (or “Calibra”) on the hangar deck looks no less terrible (a rocket can penetrate the deck, board or fly through the lifts of the aircraft lifts) - an explosion in a confined space will destroy the aircraft inside. As for fire extinguishing systems, an explosion and fragments will tear down all the blinds, tear out pipelines, sensors and nozzles, which is called “with meat”. Electrical lighting will go out. Kerosene will rush out of the ruined pipelines - the fire will spread across the gallery and third deck ...
Will the Yankees be able to save the ship or will they be forced to take down the crew and sink the damaged Nimitz? Everything will depend on the specific situation: What is the probability of a repetition of enemy attacks? Did the aircraft carrier save the course? How does the reactor feel? Did you manage to localize fires and avoid catastrophic explosions of fuel storage facilities and ammunition?
Most likely, the answer to all questions will be "yes." Even the most powerful and destructive of modern RCCs succumb to numerous armored bulkheads and inert gas cofferdams. This “floating island” is too large to destroy it with ordinary weaponsthat do not cause damage to the underwater part of the hull.
We will not be able to get to the reactors and ammunition storage, but a single hit of the RCC is likely to put the AV out of order - everything will happen like on the Enterprise: six decks will be burned down, aerofinisers' rooms, an optical signaling system, an air defense system, several dozen airplanes - The aircraft carrier will lose the ability to use the wing and will completely lose its combat capability. ...
The enemy ship is no longer able to complete the task. It is heavily damaged and will not be back soon. Isn't that a great result?
And if he risks returning to the shores of Europe, he will receive a new portion of the surrender.
Burnt feed AB "Enterprise". The damage and the condition of the ship are visible to the naked eye.
And, therefore, the missiles will hit the aircraft carrier pointwise: one - in the room of aerofinishers and four more - on catapults. Total: only five "Onyxes" - and "Nimitz" is unarmed. Well, if you shoot at a Chinese frigate, or even better at an Afghan aul, then it’s possible not only to get into the aerofinisher, you can also get out the window
A. Nikolsky vainly makes fun of high-precision weapons. Japanese kamikazes in a similar way planned to destroy the Essexes with accurate ram attacks into the elevators and the superstructure, however, in practice it turned out that one strike on the aircraft-loaded deck would suffice for a catastrophe to occur.
The only thing that is remarkable about this stories - flight profile on the final segment of the trajectory. Due to the specific layout of the aircraft carrier ships, the most logical approach seems to be the attack algorithm implemented by the American Garpun anti-ship missiles - when approaching the target, the rocket makes a slide and, like a fiery meteorite, falls on the ship’s deck.
From 2006, the aircraft wing of the American aircraft carrier includes up to the 60 F / A-18E “Super Hornet”, performing equally well the role of attack aircraft and fighter.
Probably worth noting that the carrier (Carrier) and the wing (Air Wing) - two independent values that exist separately from each other.
Aviakrylo is an organizational unit of the United States Navy, denoting the number of units of aviation equipment assigned to Nimitsu, and has little in common with the number of aircraft that are DIRECTLY aboard a ship. If all the specified 80-90 machines are piled up, they tightly block the decks, elevators, catapults and the runway, as a result, the Nimitz will turn into a viable air transport, and the aircraft used in the hangar will become useless ballast.
The Yankees act reasonably: on board the Nimitz, depending on the situation and climatic conditions, there is no more than 50-60 aircraft units (fighters, DRLO, EW, PLO, helicopters). The rest are dispersed in the nearest air bases in the US allied countries in readiness No. XXUMX, so that they can come to the ship on the first call (compensation for combat losses, reconfiguration of the air group depending on the changed conditions, etc.).
AUG can constantly hide behind four locking F / A-18E. Each Super Hornet carries AIM-10 AMRAAM 120 missiles and is able to knock down Onyx 5-6. Total: AUG air patrol will knock down Onyx 22.
1. It is highly unlikely that the 35-40 F / A-18E could provide a 24-hour air patrol of four fighters for at least one week. A modern jet is not a kite. Dozens of man-hours of maintenance fall at each flight hour, and the operational readiness of aviation units is usually far from 100%.
2. The flight time of the missile "Caliber" - no more than two minutes.
There is no need to launch rockets at maximum range. Despite all the skepticism objections, there is a lot of reliable evidence of the PLO AUG breakthrough by submarines from different countries. Underwater carriers “Calibrov” have high chances to approach the AUG on 50 km, having the opportunity to clarify the position of the enemy using their own sonar tools, and then shoot him “point-blank.”
Only two minutes ... How big is the chance that the combat air patrol (DRLO plane + Hornety) will be near the RCC launch site, and not two hundred miles to the north?
Low-flying RCC are extremely difficult to detect objects. Their small size, against the background of the underlying water, which in itself is a wonderful reflector - there’s nothing to hope that the Hawkai radar can detect them for a hundred miles. Next, the reaction time of the fighters - they need to turn around and take the necessary position in space, to detect and take on escort low-flying anti-ship missiles. Finally, AIM-120 missiles need time to reach the target, which by that moment can already separate the warhead and reach the supersonic (2,9 M).
Enemy aviation is completely ineffective in intercepting underwater anti-ship missiles.
“As of the middle of 80, the cost of one boat of the 949 project was 226 million rubles, which at par was only 10% of the cost of the Roosevelt multi-purpose aircraft carrier (2,3 billion dollars without taking into account the cost of its aviation wing).”
Example: the cost of the last Nimitz is “George Bush” 6,2 billion dollars (2009 year), and the cost, according to the contract, of the second boat of the 885 Kazan project is 47 billion rubles, or 1,45 billion dollars.
Example: the cost of the last Nimitz is “George Bush” 6,2 billion dollars (2009 year), and the cost, according to the contract, of the second boat of the 885 Kazan project is 47 billion rubles, or 1,45 billion dollars.
The question of the peculiarities of pricing in different countries and the comparison of ship values in different periods of time is worthy of an entire dissertation. The “sausage method” (comparison of photographs of storefronts), the US inflation calculator, the salary method is the most amusing, each time a different result is obtained, which is badly combined with what we are seeing today.
The figure 226 million of Soviet rubles is quite common, but one paradox arises: frigates of the type "Oliver H. Perry" built at the same time cost the Pentagon 194 million dollars per piece. How did a small primitive frigate full in / and 4500 tons cost almost as much as the Soviet super cruise with two YASU and 24 “Granit” missiles (surface in / and “loaf” 14 700 tons) ?? And this is without taking into account the ruble exchange rate against the dollar (the official 60 rate is a cop. For $ 1 is not an indicator here: the real rate was known on the black market - 1: 4). It turns out that the boat project 949А was worth in dollars ... 56 million - cheaper than other ore carrier! Absurd.
The explanation is only one - the number 226 million is incorrect. The author believes that the cost of building a Soviet boat was “sprayed” on dozens of ministries and departments, as a result, the real cost of the “loaf” could exceed one billion full-fledged Soviet rubles.
But one thing is certain: the Soviet Navy was much smaller, simpler and cheaper than the American fleet. At the same time, he coped brilliantly in local conflicts, and in the case of a global war, he had every chance of success in direct confrontation with the AUGs of the “probable enemy”.
Nowadays. The declared cost of a multi-purpose PLN project 885 "Ash" amounted to 47 billion. Rub. or 1,45 billion dollars. Perhaps its final cost, after refining and conducting all tests, will increase even more and reach 2 billion green bills. In general, this corresponds to international standards. The lower wages of Sevmash workers, compared to Newport News Shipbuilding, are more than offset by the greed of individuals — if the boat were built in America, it would be about the same price ($ 2 billion). It is three times cheaper than building the aircraft carrier George Bush.
But, as is often the case, the cost of the product itself is nothing compared with the cost of its operation. The life cycle of the Nimitz is estimated at 30-40 billion dollars (excluding the wing). Why so much? Much will explain the picture:
The smallest one in the picture is Varshavyanka-type diesel-electric submarines. But, despite its modest size, it is capable of throwing a flock of cruise missiles at AUG. The second “baby” is nothing else than the SSBN Ave. 941 “Shark” is the largest submarine in the history of Mankind. The size of aircraft carriers are simply terrifying. All in one scale
Fantastic "floating city" with irrational sizes. Crew - 3200 people. (+ 2500 air wing). For comparison: the crew of the submarine "Ash" - 90 sailors.
An aircraft carrier is not just a big barge. These are tens of thousands of kilometers of cables and pipelines, four super-catapults that accelerate an 20-ton aircraft in seconds to a speed of 200 km / h. The complexity of construction and operation is exacerbated by the inadequate size of all parts and systems. A nuclear installation, air lifts, numerous fuel pumps, highways and fire safety systems, 2000 arsenals with tons of bombs ... You knew that under the Nimitz flight deck a dense network of water cooling systems was laid - otherwise, the deck would glow red hot from jet engine emissions . And it is on the square two football fields! Now think of the complexity of service ...
In a word ... the submarine is cheaper. In order.
Five aircraft carriers are five AUGs, of which four in a threatening period may be in service.
Forced to upset A. Nikolsky. To ensure operational readiness of the connection of four AVs, it will be necessary to build 6-8 aircraft carrier ships. It is enough to follow the combat path of any “Nimitz” or French “Charles de Gaulle” AB to understand that these giants spend about half of their life in the docks and near the ship repair walls, passing current, average, capital, dock, scheduled or preventive repairs with the subsequent carrying out factory sea trials.
Four AUGs are 250-270 multipurpose fighters. This amount is enough to gain air superiority over most countries of the world. Only a limited circle of great countries and Israel can not be afraid of such power.
First, not 250-270, but 150 in total.
Secondly, this amount is not enough for any modern local operation.
- “Desert Storm” - 2600 combat aircraft and combat support aircraft. 70 000 combat missions. The contribution of carrier-based aviation (6 AUG) - 17%;
- Yugoslavia - 1000 aircraft units. 35 000 combat missions. The contribution of carrier-based aviation is 10%.
Draw your conclusions.
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