About tank contracts, and not only

14

“The armor is strong” is the name of the new book by Mikhail Demyanovich Borisyuk, who has been leading Ukrainian developments in the field of armored vehicles for 21 years (from May 1990 to April 2011). She was released by Defense Express in July 2013. Defense Express editors have already introduced readers to excerpts from the chapter on the creation of tank "Hold". This time, it is proposed to get acquainted with the opinion of a famous Ukrainian designer regarding the development of the industry and the implementation of armored contracts.

- Mikhail Demyanovich, today on European TV channels they like to compare samples of military equipment. Among the tanks only T-34 falls into the top five. On our other tanks just do not say. What do you see the reasons for?

- Oh, it's simple. They deliberately keep silent about our tanks - we are very stubborn competitors. They have enough information. And our tanks constantly participate in various tenders. In the same Greece, our T-84 perfectly showed itself in competition with the Russian T-90, "Abrams", "Challenger", "Leopard". And these are all major manufacturers. They competed on the same range on firepower, on mobile characteristics, crew security, and so on. The results are well known to all. But to show the western audience, especially the professional, the objectively strong points of our technology, is to downplay our competitive opportunities. But T-34 does not disguise - its advantages are proven history World War II. Modern tanks didn’t have real experience of combat use, only some local conflicts, the same Iraq. There they hit T-62 and T-72. But we know perfectly well that the equipment that went abroad is not at all the one that remained in our army. In addition, much depends on who controls the equipment and who commands the tank units. I do not say that our tanks are the best, but they are at the world level. However, our export success, perhaps, will be even better than that of global manufacturers.

- How many Ukraine needs modern tanks? What do you think?

- This topic has always been sick, caused heated debates. But let's take into account that the army of Ukraine is actively reforming. In the course of reform and a reasonable reduction, there is a need to ensure the preservation and development of defense capability, albeit with a smaller quantity, but better quality weapons. This is something that no one seems to doubt. In accordance with various programs, the number of tanks in Ukraine should be within 500-700 units. International estimates suggest that, on average, military vehicles must change every 15-17 years. Thus, we need to produce about 30-35 the newest tanks per year. In addition, currently light armored vehicles need 2-3 more times. So, if Ukraine is going to have a defense potential and a mobile Armed Forces, it will not do without tanks and armored personnel carriers.

- You as the creator of the new Ukrainian tank "Oplot" probably have an opinion on the direction of improving this development. What parting words of the general designer to their offspring?

- Rather, the farewell will relate to the current development team, to the leadership of the A.A. Morozov and the State Concern "Ukroboronprom". For the Oplot tank, first of all, it is necessary to improve the characteristics of weapons and ammunition, including hardening of the barrel. In general, the problem of ammunition is becoming more acute and acute, and this problem is due to its capacity and high level of expenditure within the competence of the Ukrainian government. Without a solution at the highest level, it can not be overcome. Further along the “Oplot” tank, it is necessary to increase and optimize the protection of the tank from the upper hemisphere, especially from enemy helicopter fire. Finally, the third important area should be an increase in engine power reserve of approximately 200 horsepower, and without increasing the overall dimensions of the engine compartment.

- How, in what direction can develop the development of new tanks and light armored vehicles?

- The world is on the verge of another leap in the development of combat platforms in general. And it has a direct relationship with armored vehicles. On the one hand, I have already noted the need for the action of each combat unit in a common, unified information field. This applies not only to, say, the close connection between the battalion commander and a separate tank, but the connection of the tank with all types of equipment participating in this battle. That is, the development of information processing systems, data transmission, automated control, together with the computerization of the technology itself, will obviously come out on top. But not only. I am convinced that the possibility of remote control will also be achieved soon. This will not be a tank, but some kind of tool that will perform specific tasks. It is not necessary that specialized armored vehicles, created to destroy certain types of targets, displace existing models of armored vehicles. It seems to me that the combined use of such means of warfare can be quite lengthy. But it is also clear that there is a steady desire to reduce the crew. By the way, in Soviet times, we were one of the first - 30 years ago - to use automatic loader in tanks. They are still working successfully. Moreover, a number of countries - including the United States, Britain, Germany - do not have automatic loaders in tanks, and their crew consists of four people. And we have three for a long time! Now it is necessary to intensify research on the possibility of reducing the crew to two people. In general, Ukrainian developers of armored vehicles should not remain aloof from the development of the prospects for the main areas - robotization, intellectualization and computerization of equipment.

- Mikhail Demyanovich, more than 100 enterprises are involved in the production of tanks and armored personnel carriers in Ukraine. And with the establishment of ammunition in the country, the number of industrial units involved may increase significantly. The success of the industry largely depends on the state policy, on the implementation of a clear strategy ... You have given the management for many years and understand from the inside how the industry lives. What recommendations can provide modern managers?

- In order for the development and production of armored combat vehicles in Ukraine to develop and progress, it seems to me, a number of important conditions must be met. The first to return the industry independence. Do not transfer it to commercial structures. I mean state administration, in which the head of an enterprise is accountable in its strategy, including the fulfillment of state defense orders, development work, but it will have all the levers of managing the economic structure and economic activity of an enterprise. Naturally, enterprises responsible for the country's defense should not be privatized. This approach will allow defense industry enterprises to realize their interest in their development. The second most important condition should be the rights of self-marketing of their products. Of course, under the strict control of the state in the face of the State Service for Export Control or another state structure. That is, it is not about loosening state control, it’s about the fact that an enterprise should not be powerless.

There are opinions that specially authorized structures, such as GC Ukrspetsexport, have more opportunities to promote technology, since they have extensive marketing services, and sometimes representative offices abroad. Well, great! Nobody says that the special exporter does not sell products of defense enterprises. I just propose to legalize, so to speak, the double right: a special exporter finds a customer, the company acts according to the rules of a special exporter; the enterprise itself finds the customer itself and sells the products under the supervision of the controlling authorities. Such approaches, by the way, were approved by the state and showed the vitality and flexibility of the system. To a large extent, the fulfillment of the two above-mentioned conditions is the key to the interest of the enterprise in its own development, and the implementation of its own management strategy, and the creation of new competitive models. But the lack of material interest of the collective is, I assure you, a road to nowhere. Dead end approach. Moreover, I think that for the success of the joint efforts of developers, manufacturers and special exporters, it is absolutely necessary to take into account some production nuances. For example, when discussing the terms of contracts for armored vehicles, the heads of the KMDB and the Malyshev Plant must necessarily participate and have decisive voices in such positions as the delivery time of equipment, its cost, the volume and procedure for servicing, determining the composition and volume of the supplied documentation and a number of other similar issues. . As for commission fees, I would generally suggest fixing this position at the legislative level. Then the issues of commerce, which are beginning to prevail over the development of the armored school building, will not be a brake on the promotion of new ideas, the introduction of new technologies, the modernization of basic production assets.

Of course, in addition to these requirements, ideally, there should be state support in the form of a state defense order. After all, it is also a common practice, so do almost all countries that produce armored vehicles. The defense industry cannot be used as a cash cow. But, carrying out programs for the creation of new high-tech, competitive models of armored vehicles, the industry will bring to the state both monetary benefits and the country's image of advanced technologies.
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  1. AVV
    +5
    3 September 2013 14: 42
    Soon you will be forced to switch to Euro-NATO standards and buy equipment from NATO, and Ukrainian politicians are leading to this! Then the end of Ukrainian technical tank thinking !!! And this is very sad!
    1. +3
      3 September 2013 21: 11
      Quote: AVV
      Then the end of Ukrainian technical tank thought !!

      And why, in more detail, why? Why did you get something special to change? All the NATO tank-building countries continue to build tanks as they did, and also sell them abroad.
      1. Peaceful military
        +2
        3 September 2013 21: 38
        All NATO tank-building countries continue to build tanks as they did, as well as sell them abroad.

        Yes and no. For example, Sweden, although it is not a member of NATO and is developing its own most interesting models of armored vehicles, is purchasing Leopards. hi
        1. +2
          3 September 2013 21: 46
          Quote: Peaceful military
          Yes and no. For example, Sweden, although it is not a member of NATO and is developing its own interesting models of armored vehicles, is purchasing Leopards

          Well, actually it’s all about the ECONOMY, and nothing more. The same thing with Switzerland. It was economically more profitable to buy a Leopard than to make a tank of a new (then new) generation on your own. These examples have nothing to do with Ukraine. We should buy used imported armored vehicles will not be of economic benefit.
          1. Misantrop
            +2
            3 September 2013 21: 53
            Quote: Kars
            There will be no economic benefit for us to buy used imported armored vehicles.

            One small clarification. The contractor will be deeply damn the country's economic reasons. Only personal gain. Tymoshenko’s gas contract here is a prime example
            1. +1
              3 September 2013 22: 17
              Quote: Misantrop
              One small clarification. The contractor will be deeply damn the country's economic reasons. Only personal gain. Tymoshenko’s gas contract here is a prime example

              Well, if you take the question from this side, then for this you do not need to accept any Euro-NATO standards. And in terms of military equipment, this option is very unlikely.
          2. Peaceful military
            +3
            3 September 2013 21: 55
            Sweden, not Switzerland ... sorry. smile
            As for your optimism, which is quite logical and patriotically grounded, I will have to upset you. The arms market is overstocked, and without export, Ukrainian tank building is doomed. Personally, I am sorry and above I said why. sad
            hi
            1. +3
              3 September 2013 22: 14
              Quote: Peaceful military
              Sweden, not Switzerland ... sorry.

              Yes, why, everything is correct. Both Sweden and Switzerland built their own tanks, but when the third generation tanks came into service, both countries preferred to buy Leopard, while both countries insisted on their own modifications and assembly at their plants. (Not all, but large parts of ordered tanks)
              Quote: Peaceful military
              The arms market is overstocked, and without export, Ukrainian tank building is doomed. Personally, I am sorry and above I said why

              Well, so far it’s holding on to something, but here you stood up for collapse when you joined the EU / NATO / NATO standards. And why, if you honestly said something, not at the top and at the bottom.
              At the same time, the market is not so overstocked, there are niches for modernization, while not everyone can afford Leopards and Abrams, even at bargain prices, everyone already knows that the tanks need to be serviced and repaired,
              1. Peaceful military
                0
                3 September 2013 22: 34
                In my opinion, even a conviction, the question of Ukraine’s accession to the EU and NATO is not seriously worth it at all, so there’s nothing to say.
                1. grafrozow
                  -2
                  3 September 2013 22: 38
                  Quote: Peaceful military
                  In my opinion, even a conviction, the question of Ukraine’s accession to the EU and NATO is not seriously worth it at all, so there’s nothing to say.
                  Your opinion, compare with the opinion of the GDP, did you get the hell on the violin?
                2. +2
                  3 September 2013 22: 39
                  Quote: Peaceful military
                  In my opinion

                  Quote: Peaceful military
                  Yes and no.

                  Then what was the point of entering into a discussion about
                  Quote: Kars
                  And why, in more detail, why? Why did you get something special to change? All the NATO tank-building countries continue to build tanks as they did, and also sell them abroad.
      2. +1
        3 September 2013 22: 52
        Quote: Kars
        Quote: AVV
        Then the end of Ukrainian technical tank thought !!

        And why, in more detail, why? Why did you get something special to change? All the NATO tank-building countries continue to build tanks as they did, and also sell them abroad.


        Well, not everything here is not the situation that was with Poland, which allowed to keep part of the Soviet military production! here the West is, by and large, considering Ukraine (in a geopolitical game) at least its large half as a protectorate of Russia! and even if Ukraine somehow miraculously enters the EU, first of all, it’s trying to reduce to zero the military potential of a former Soviet-made strategic unit that I believe that no one can make an exception to the tank structure and it also has every chance of falling under the knife
        1. +1
          4 September 2013 10: 44
          Quote: regressSSSR
          and even if Ukraine somehow miraculously enters the EU, first of all, it’s trying to reduce to zero the military potential of a former Soviet-made strategic unit that I believe that no one makes an exception to the tank structure and it also has every chance of falling under the knife



          But it’s not too complicated construction? Although it’s cool, of course, they allowed Poland, Ukraine will not be allowed. Based on the above, all of this was done with a pitchfork. And the chances that Ukraine’s tank construction will be bent on their own are much greater than the chances of Ukraine joining the EU there are such conditions)
    2. +2
      3 September 2013 21: 52
      Quote: AVV
      Soon you will be forced to switch to

      All topics that began to be laid out after lunch are laid out with comments from AVV, which were made a few hours before putting on the site wassat
      Someone from the administration is experimenting?
      Funny, interesting, curious wink
      1. 0
        3 September 2013 22: 16
        He's on fire today, I don't know. I'm impressed by The Terminator. In my opinion, God forbid, but the nearest conflict that the RF is facing is a large-scale counter-terrorist operation. I do not pretend to be the ultimate truth, but the BMPT is a more relevant machine at the moment.
  2. 0
    3 September 2013 21: 06
    "Of course, in addition to these requirements, ideally there should also be state support in the form of a state defense order."
    Well, if your own country does not want to buy equipment (or cannot) ... then why should others do it?
    1. +5
      3 September 2013 21: 09
      Quote: il grand casino
      Well, if your own country does not want to buy equipment (or cannot) ... then why should others do it?

      Due to the fact that they themselves can not produce the required. And this will not be such a precedent in history.
      1. +2
        3 September 2013 21: 13
        Here you are right.
  3. White Russian
    0
    3 September 2013 21: 15
    the trend for a naval air mattress and the latest battery-powered scooter, and all this will be covered by an unmanned aerial paper kite
    1. grafrozow
      +1
      3 September 2013 22: 42
      Quote: White Russian
      trend towards a naval air mattress and the latest scooter

      Vasya, Vasya ... what are you hiding?
  4. +2
    3 September 2013 21: 17
    I will find and read a book, the opinion of professionals is always valuable, these are not some journalistic tanks.
  5. The comment was deleted.
  6. Peaceful military
    +8
    3 September 2013 21: 34
    The Kharkov tradition of tank building is interesting, but, in my opinion, it is, unfortunately, doomed, like Yuzhmash, like Antonov, like much more.
    How did they allow the Anglo-Saxons to gouge themselves ... sad
  7. +2
    3 September 2013 23: 04
    Yes, they’ve done well, that CCTV, that MS, that Kharkov, that Yuzhmash, Ivchenko Progress, Zorya Mashproekt, the More factory, Izyumsky Optical and many others .... without state help orders to survive, to invent something, to develop is a feat. They also say that the artist should be hungry (but not to the same extent).
    Kharkov school is the oldest, it cannot just leave the stage.
    1. avg
      0
      3 September 2013 23: 33
      Unfortunately, campaigns often do not lead to the expected effect. am
  8. 0
    3 September 2013 23: 23
    Among the tanks, only the T-34 is in the top five. They simply don’t talk about our other tanks.


    oh how! and who would have thought that the T-34 "NASH" is a Ukrainian tank.

    In the same Greece, our T-84 perfectly proved to be in competition with the Russian T-90, "Abrams", "Challenger", "Leopard".


    are you sho and not who did not notice.

    However, our export success, perhaps, will be even better than that of global manufacturers.


    who argues? squander, Soviet weapons at bargain prices, small Science, stop, where does science come from in Ukraine?

    Well, what I want to say about the article: "Dreamer, you called me", and therefore Big (-)

    Well, what else to add?

    At the largest factory for the production of armored vehicles in Ukraine began to carry out a reduction.

    Yesterday, by the end of the working day, all employees of the Malyshev Plant began to receive notifications of reduction.


    http://robinzon.tv/news/8108
  9. +2
    4 September 2013 01: 59
    It is strange, firstly the date, secondly, this "news" has long been sucked
    http://www.kharkovforum.com/showthread.php?t=3010721
    before you tidy up the April news, bother to at least find out what happened .. almost half a year has passed. However, the post you have in style-Everything is bad, well, and a fake for you.
    By the way, a person partially spoke for the Soviet school. He, like me, does not particularly emphasize the difference between the USSR / Ukraine .. it just works.
    Oh well, I'm torn. It is fashionable at the VO to crap Ukraine, de well, there are 3 comments with content. Soon it will stop. That where bad, there 272357293084 comment of various kinds ...
    PS I begin to understand Kars and his methods to approve ... more "Kars" ...
    In general, on this "unhappy topic" and actually about pressing matters.

    http://www.segodnya.ua/regions/kharkov/V-Harkove-na-zavode-Malysheva-hotyat-uvol

    it-bolshe-tysyachi-chelovek.html
    Read carefully.
    http://www.mediaport.ua/news/economy/76649/14_zamov_uvolit_1000_spetsialistov_na

    nyat_kak_moderniziruyut_zavod_imeni_malyisheva
    On the last site, you can read a lot of optimistic and not very much, however, the standard situation is not an easy life.
    It is very necessary to understand that the news is somehow strange or something being voiced. You need to look for the source, look where the information comes from, look for confirmation. Internet trash, one site wrote, all referred and voila, full of headers as needed. No one is responsible for this. I think VO visitors are experienced at this.

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