War of civilizations
June 6 FSB special forces detained the leader of a Moscow region terrorist gang Yulai Davletbaev. He is not from the North Caucasus, which has long become common news for Russia, and from the Volga region - Bashkiria. Two weeks before that, on the evening of May 20, the Russian FSB destroyed a group of terrorists in Orekhovo-Zuyevo who were preparing a major terrorist attack in the Russian capital. Two gangsters were killed, the third - Robert Amerkhanov - was detained and imprisoned on suspicion of preparing a terrorist act, banditry and illegal manufacturing and trafficking weapons. Two of the criminals were residents of the Republic of Bashkortostan, which in 2010-2013. passed sabotage and terrorist training on the border of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Three Russians belonged to the Islamic Party of Turkestan international terrorist organization. According to the FSB, several dozens of Bashkirian residents have undergone training under the military-sabotage training program in special camps located in the Afghan-Pakistan border area, and currently there are about 50 immigrants from this republic.
Reference. Islamic Party of Turkestan. The party was created in 1996 and was originally called the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (Islamic Revival Party of Uzbekistan). The basis of the party consisted of militants group Jumaboy Khodzhiev (Juma Namangani), he became the head of the military unit. The political leader of the movement was Takhir Yuldashev, the head of the press center and deputy head - Rustamov Makhmud. The fate of Khodzhiev is quite typical for many figures of the radical Islamist underground: in the 1980s. served in the Airborne Forces, fought in Afghanistan, after serving in the army fell under the influence of local religious activists. He took part in the hostilities in Tajikistan. The headquarters of the movement before the invasion of NATO forces in Afghanistan was located in the city of Kandahar. Many members of the Islamic movement received training in special camps in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and took part in the civil war in Tajikistan on the side of the United Tajik Opposition. The field commanders of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan refused to comply with the agreement signed by the Tajik government and the opposition, and in 1999, they invaded the southern districts of Kyrgyzstan. Many militants took part in the fight against NATO forces, Khodzhiev died during the bombing. In May, 2001 was reorganized into the Islamic Party of Turkestan (Hezb and Islomi Turkeston). After leaving the Afghan territory, the armed formations of the Islamic movement, under the authority of Tahir Yuldashev, settled in the Pakistani provinces of North and South Waziristan, where they took part in the struggle against the armed forces of Pakistan on the side of the Taliban. In December 2002, the militants of the party organized a terrorist attack in Bishkek, and in May 2003 of the year - in Osh. The activities of the Islamic Party were supported, directed and funded by foreign Islamic religious organizations, which are aimed at creating a network of radical religious organizations in Uzbekistan and the former Soviet republics. The party's program includes the task of creating the “Great Caliphate”, which should include the territories of Central Asia, the Caucasus and the Volga regions of the Russian Federation. The Islamic Party of Turkestan is engaged in recruiting and military training, agents are then sent to the regions of their activity, promoting their ideas. By the decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of February 14 of 2003, the Islamic Party of Turkestan was recognized as terrorist and its activities were banned in Russia.
The threat of the collapse of Russia. On May 14, the working group of the National Strategy Institute prepared a report entitled “Map of Ethnoreligious Threats: the North Caucasus and the Volga Region”. President of the National Strategy Institute Mikhail Remizov, presenting a report at a press conference in Interfax, said that migrants in the Russian Federation are the social base for spreading the ideas of radical Islam. Illegal migrants are hostile to Russian society. According to Remizov: "This is an excellent environment for the spread of fascist ideology on a religious basis." The Russian authorities have already begun to recognize this problem, but the measures taken are absolutely not enough to resolve this issue. The expert proposed to stop the practice of patronage of Islamism at the top, radically change the migration policy and ensure the cessation of discrimination of Russians in the national republics of the Russian Federation. Urgent measures are needed to strengthen the ethnic core of Russia - the Russians.
Co-author of the report, head of the Privolzhsky Center for Regional and Ethnic-Religious Studies of the Russian Institute for Strategic Studies Rais Suleymanov concluded that Radical Islam is spreading rapidly in the Volga region, where a very dangerous situation develops, similar to the one that was in the North Caucasus region in the 1990s. And in the Volga region negative processes develop faster. Next in line is Siberia, where the centers of radical Islam have already appeared.
He noted that after the collapse of the USSR, a "religious revival" occurred in the Volga region, to which foreign religious centers had a hand. Turkish and Arab missionaries began to penetrate into the region, Volga youth were given the opportunity to study in the Arab states, after which they occupied posts in the system of Muslim spiritual rule. This led to the wide spread of Wahhabism in Russia. By 2010, businessmen and officials appeared among the supporters of Wahhabism, bureaucracy, business and Wahhabi clergy merged. In the Republic of Tatarstan for the first time local militants appeared. Russia was stunned by the phrase: “a counter-terrorist operation is underway in Kazan”.
Another author of the report, historian Andrei Yepifantsev, speaking about the situation in the North Caucasus region, noted that in 1990-ies, under conditions of a power vacuum in the North Caucasus, the population self-organized along religious or ethnic lines, that is, there was a rollback into the past, the archaization of a vast area Russia. As a result, at present a significant part of the inhabitants of the region do not feel themselves to be citizens of Russia. And the main role in this is played not by an external factor, but by an internal one.
The report provided a map of the spread of Wahhabism in the Russian Federation by region. The “most Wahhabised” regions are one-third of the Federation from the North Caucasus and Karelia to Yakutia and Primorye. In varying degrees, the virus of radical Islam struck almost all the subjects of the Russian Federation, except for Chukotka. From Saudi Arabia, Wahhabism penetrated into the North Caucasus, and from there throughout Russia. At the end of 1990, the beginning of 2000, when the government began to show some resistance to the destruction of Russian statehood, radical Islam changed tactics somewhat - it was divided into underground structures and legal, “educational” movements. The legal wing outwardly distanced itself from the underground, taking on the role of “soft influence”, information penetration, recruitment of new members, penetration into state structures. Wahhabis plan to establish themselves as a legal party, with the gradual interception of traditional Muslims, to gain positions in power (including the Ministry of Internal Affairs), starting from the regional level (as is happening in Dagestan). The quality of the already visible future is the adjustment of Russian legislation, in the direction of greater freedom, autonomy of the regions in the sphere of religion, local laws (life according to Sharia), etc.
Radical Islamist underground in Tatarstan. In mid-May, the Supreme Court of the Republic of Tatarstan granted the petition of the prosecutor of the republic to liquidate the Al-Ikhlas parish. In this parish, the prosecutor’s check revealed signs of extremist activity, which included the incitement of religious hatred, propaganda of exclusivity, superiority of a person on the basis of his religious affiliation, storage of extremist materials for their mass distribution, etc. In particular, materials from the international terrorist organization Hizb ut-Tahrir al-Islami ". In addition, the prosecutor's office recognized the identity of the symbolism of the Islamists, who carried out their actions in Tatarstan in 2012, the symbolism used by members of the international terrorist organization Hizb ut-Tahrir al Islami.
Novosibirsk imams received suspended sentences. On May 27, the court sentenced two Novosibirsk imams, Ilkhom Merazhov and Kamil Odilov, to one year’s imprisonment for the propaganda of the ideas of the Turkish philosopher Said Nursi. The criminal case was opened in 2011 year. The Imam of the Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of the Asian part of Russia Ilkhom Merazhov and Imam Kamil Odilov were accused of propaganda of S. Nursi and that they were representatives of the Nurdzhular movement founded by him. Several works of Nursi were recognized as extremist, and the activities of "Nurcular" in the Russian Federation were banned from 2008 year. Both imams came under the 282 article. According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, members of the religious organization “Nurdzhular” have intensified their activities in the region since May 2008, and it continued through the 2011 year. The organization’s activists disseminated extremist religious literature, promoted radical ideas and recruited new members of the organization using conspiracy methods.
The FSB has discovered a new channel for supplying professional spies to the Russian Federation. 30 May, Head of the FSB Counter-Intelligence Analysis and Coordination Analysis Department, Alexander Roshchupkin, said that among the illegal migrants living in the Russian Federation there are people who threaten Russia's national security. This statement was made at the parliamentary hearings in the Federation Council of the Russian Federation, where the problems of legal support for countering illegal migration were discussed. According to the deputy head of the FSB, the security service reliably established that "certain forces inside illegal migration are conducting subversive and intelligence activities against Russia, settling under the guise of migrants to carry out subversive terrorist activities." A senior intelligence official said that the FSB was conducting a series of measures to combat such agents. In particular, agents of foreign intelligence services who worked in Russia under the guise of migrants in the North Caucasus were identified.
According to Alexander Roshchupkin, illegal migration is becoming an additional lever to destabilize the situation in Russia. Ethnic enclaves (Chinatowns) are formed in the country, which live according to their traditions and rules. Thus, foreign intelligence services receive a "lever" with which you can rock the situation in the country. Under the guise of a migrant, foreign fighters can enter the Russian Federation who have gained combat experience during the Arab Spring in the Middle East, as well as in camps in Afghanistan and Pakistan. As Roshchupkin stressed, the special services of foreign countries, various destructive forces and foreign non-governmental movements also contribute to undermining the state structure of the Russian Federation.
The head of the FSB counterintelligence analysis coordination department reported that a whole underground industry already exists in Russia, which exists on the basis of exploiting the labor of illegal migrants. This situation, given that the borders are now transparent, and organized crime takes advantage of gaps in the legislation, carries with it a number of serious threats to the security of Russia. At the same time, Roshchupkin said that the authorities do not have exact data on how many migrants in the country, who actually moved in and left. This is a very serious problem. There is a loss of control over the processes that are taking place in Russia.
The deputy head of the FMS, Anatoly Fomenko, who spoke at the same meeting, said that about 3,3 million people live illegally in the territory of the Russian Federation. They are mainly concentrated in large cities and industrial regions, which increases the threat to the national security of the country if the situation develops according to the scenario of the “Arab spring”. Head of the Main Department for the Protection of Public Order of the Ministry of the Interior Yuri Demidov said that the increase in crimes that were committed in Russia by visitors from other states continues, in 2013, this figure increased by 6%. Chairman of the Federation Council Committee on Defense and Security, Alexander Chekalin, said that last year migrants committed more than 42 thousand crimes in Russia.
Crimean threat. 6 June in the Crimean capital was a crowded rally of supporters of the revival of the Islamic Caliphate. Supporters of the radical organization Hizb ut-Tahrir (it is banned in Russia) held a mass rally dedicated to the 89 anniversary of the destruction of the Caliphate (Islamic theocratic state). In 1924, Mustafa Kamal Ataturk issued a decree on the expulsion of the Caliph, the separation of religion from the state and the creation of a secular state - the Turkish Republic. So the last Caliphate officially ceased to exist. stories - Ottoman. It should be noted that in recent years there has been a tendency to recreate the Caliphate, with both Turks and Arabs taking the role of initiators. Modern Turkey is increasingly recalling the Ottoman Empire, the ideology of Pan-Turkism and neo-Ottomanism is becoming more and more popular, it is promoted by the Turkish political elite.
Hizb ut-Tahrir is not registered in Ukraine, but this does not prevent us from openly promoting its ideas to a number of Muslim communities and organizations. Ukrainian Islamists have already noted actions in support of Syrian insurgents and recruiting young gangs that are fighting against the legitimate government in Syria. Radicals come to establish a rule based on Sharia law in Crimea. The slogans that promulgated the radical Islamists are very eloquent: “We are the one Ummah”, “Muslims are one people”, “One Caliphate is one Ummah”, “We are Muslims, our ideology is Islam, our Constitution is the Koran”. Crimea is gradually turning into a springboard for spreading the ideas of radical Islam in Ukraine and Russia.
The main reasons for the growing threat to national security
- The lack of state ideology and as a result of the work of the state apparatus, the media on the minds of citizens of the country. Russia, at least since 1991, is a “clean board” where it was possible to write anything. The result is already noticeable. Some citizens of the country consider Russia to be “this” country and at the first sign of a serious threat will make legs. Others join the ranks of the builders of the "World Caliphate." Although with due attention of the state - the Russian, Tatar, Bashkir, Dagestan youth would build "Great Russia".
- Almost complete freedom in the sphere of religious, public organizations, the work of the media. West and East have all the opportunities to create an environment from which to recruit activists. As a result, a part of the youth was turned into a corrupted mass, a “marsh” with a complete lack of patriotism (if only a “couch” - to cheer on your favorite team while drinking beer), internal discipline. The other part, while a minority, was able to find itself by participating in various, foreign global projects. We see representatives of the Caucasus, the Volga region and the Crimea fighting in Syria, studying in camps in the territory of Afghanistan and Pakistan, being soldiers of the “Great Caliphate”. And if the state in Russia carried out the tasks assigned to it, they could become servicemen of the Russian army, pilots, seamen, doctors, teachers, engineers, etc.
What to do?
As events of recent years have shown, the state has all the leverage to successfully fight radical Islam, especially underground structures. The arrests of militants, the prohibitions of radical organizations, the prohibition of materials inciting ethnic and religious strife, etc. However, force, prohibitive measures are not enough, they are necessary, but must go hand in hand with the education of Russian citizens. Without the revival of state ideology in Russia, which will unite the overwhelming majority of citizens, it is impossible to defeat this infection. It is impossible to defeat the idea with punitive measures (without the total destruction of its carriers, which is impossible). An idea can be supplanted only by a fairer ideology. The fight against terrorists, gangs, radical organizations, materials with an alien ideology is necessary, but this is the lower level in the hierarchy of governance. And at the top level - ideological, conceptual, in Russia - the emptiness that our geopolitical rivals from the West and the East successfully fill. Russia needs ideology as air, otherwise sooner or later we will be crushed.
In Tatarstan, recognized: rallies in Kazan were held under the flags of "Hizb ut-Tahrir" // http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1658763.html
Islamic Party of Turkestan // http://ria.ru/spravka/20130606/941803716.html#13707912082144&message=resize&relto=login&action=removeClass&value=registration
Ethno-religious threat map. Part 1 // http://www.interfax-religion.ru/?act=analysis&div=195
Ethno-religious threat map. Part 2 // http://www.interfax-religion.ru/?act=analysis&div=196
“We are the united Ummah” // http://svpressa.ru/society/article/69064/
Novosibirsk imams received suspended sentences for Nursi's propaganda // http://ria.ru/nsk/20130527/939643350.html#13707894661843&message=resize&relto=register&action=addClass&value=registration
Today's Volga region reminds the North Caucasus 90 years: expert // http://regnum.ru/news/polit/1658466.html
Among the migrants there were spies // http://interfax.ru/russia/txt.asp?id=309734
FSB of Russia: Militants neutralized in the Moscow Region were members of the Islamic Party of Turkestan // http://fergana.mobi/news/20667
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