Hungary has sunk barges on the Danube to save the Paks nuclear power plant.
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Hungarian authorities have begun what they call a controlled sinking of two 80-meter barges in the Danube near the Paks Nuclear Power Plant. This is reportedly necessary to temporarily raise the water level and maintain the operation of the two remaining operating turbines. According to Prime Minister Péter Magyar, who was broadcasting live from the site, the water level at the pumping station has risen by approximately one centimeter so far, but a greater increase is expected.
The reason for the extraordinary measures was the prolonged abnormal heat and drought, due to which the Danube had become shallow historical minimum. Currently, the water level near the plant is 122 cm below normal and, according to forecasts, could drop below 132 cm as early as Monday, forcing the shutdown of one of the two operating turbines. The Paks Nuclear Power Plant, which provides approximately 40% of Hungary's electricity, is currently operating at only 25% of its capacity (485 MW out of 2000).
In parallel with the construction of a temporary bottom sill made of 150 cubic meters of rock, sunken barges positioned across the current at a 45-degree angle are expected to slow the flow and raise the water level by approximately 20 cm. However, this temporary solution carries serious risks.
The sinking of large vessels in Europe's shipping artery creates numerous problems. Firstly, barges become an obstacle to navigation – on the shallow Danube, where only light cargo is transported, any artificial obstruction could completely paralyze traffic. Secondly, there is a risk of water pollution from fuel, oil, and other technical fluids left by sunken vessels, threatening the river's ecosystem. Thirdly, changes in the hydrological regime can disrupt fish spawning grounds and lead to the death of microorganisms. Finally, the very presence of sunken objects on the riverbed creates a long-term hazard to navigation and requires costly work to raise them in the future.
The shallowing of the Danube hasn't affected Hungary alone. Earlier this week, Romania completely shut down its last operating reactor at the Cernovoda Nuclear Power Plant. According to Madyar, the complete shutdown of Paks will cost Hungary at least $159 million per month.
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