Self-propelled artillery installation 2C18 "Pat-S"

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Soon after the appearance of the famous "plant series" of self-propelled artillery installations (2С1 "Carnation", 2C3 "Acacia", etc.), the Soviet defense industry began work on the next generation of similar systems. Abroad, in the NATO countries, at this time a new concept was being implemented, according to which all self-propelled artillery should have a single caliber - 155 millimeters. The Soviet military and engineers, having considered and evaluated Western ideas, came to the conclusion that such work was necessary. It was decided to build a new SAU with firepower at the level of the 2C3 “Acacia” combat vehicle, but at the same time with significantly smaller dimensions and combat mass. So started the project Pat-S 2C18.

Self-propelled artillery installation 2C18 "Pat-S"In the early eighties, the new project reached the stage of construction and testing of the first prototype. The designers of the Kurgan Machine-Building Plant in the course of the project had to solve several serious technical problems, primarily related to structural strength. It was necessary to find a chassis capable of withstanding the return of large-caliber guns, or to install a gun with a lower efficiency on the new ACS. As a result, we managed to find the optimal combination of the base chassis and weaponswhile meeting the requirements for size and weight. The finished self-propelled gun with fuel, crew and ammunition weighed about 18,7-18,8 tons, which suited the customer.

The newly developed tracked chassis of the infantry fighting vehicle BMP-2 was taken as the basis for the 18C3 ACS. The chassis was equipped with a multi-fuel UTD-10 29 X-cylinder diesel engine with 450 horsepower. With such a power plant, the Pat-S self-propelled gun could accelerate along the highway up to the speed of 70 kilometers per hour and overcome at one gas station to 600 km. In addition, thanks to the use of the BMP-3 chassis, the new combat vehicle was able to cross the water at a rate of up to 10 km / h.

On the modified shoulder strap of an armored case, a new rotating tower of relatively large size was installed. As the main weapon self-propelled guns 2С18 chose howitzer 2А61 "Pat-B", developed earlier by the Sverdlovsk OKB-9. The 152-mm gun was originally created as a towed howitzer for the regimental artillery, but it was also decided to use it on a self-propelled gun mount. Before installation on the self-propelled chassis, the howitzer was finalized, after which it received an index 2А63. When choosing a tool for self-propelled guns took into account its relatively low returns. The fact is that initially the 2А61 howitzer was executed on the modified gun carriage of the 2А18 (D-30) gun, which had a smaller caliber and, accordingly, less recoil energy. In order to avoid damage to the structure of the gun carriage, a new howitzer was equipped with effective recoil devices and a muzzle brake of the original design. It is worth noting that the appearance of the latter has become a distinctive feature of the instrument, by which one can recognize it.

Like all domestic artillery caliber 152 millimeter, howitzer 2А63 had a separate-cartridge loading. To facilitate the work of the calculation tool equipped with a mechanism for filing. It is noteworthy that this unit was originally created for the towed version of the howitzer and was only refined for use on self-propelled guns. Experienced gunners could fire from 2А63 at speeds of up to eight rounds per minute. The maximum range of shooting - 15200 meters.

For self-defense self-propelled gun equipped with one PKM machine gun on the turret at one of the tower hatches and smoke grenade launchers. In addition, after adopting the armament, the crews of the self-propelled Pat-S could receive personal weapons for self-defense, for example, machine guns and grenades. At the same time, the number of machine guns could be significant, since the crew of the SAU consisted of five or seven people (when feeding ammunition from the ground).

The result was a relatively small and light self-propelled artillery installation, which, if necessary, could be transported on existing military transport aircraft and, possibly, parachuted. With low weight, the new 2C18 self-propelled gun had good firepower and was able to use all types of 152 caliber millimeter shells available at that time, including probably nuclear ones. Finally, the Pat-S combat vehicle did not need bridges and, if necessary, could independently navigate water obstacles.

In the early eighties, the Pat-S self-propelled artillery 2C18 "Pat-S" was tested and did not satisfy the military. The project was closed for hopelessness. Accurate data on the reasons for the refusal of the prospective ACS by the Ministry of Defense are still missing, but there are grounds for some assumptions. First of all, it should be noted that the armored hull, the power plant and the undercarriage of Pata-S probably did not cause any complaints, since in the future they switched to the new SAN 2X31 Vienna. Thus, the reason for the claims should be sought in the complex weapons of the machine.

The first is the shooting range. Despite a larger caliber and a more powerful charge, the 2А61 / 2А63 howitzer sent shells for only 15 kilometers. For comparison, the 122-mm self-propelled howitzer 2C1 “Carnation” had the same sighting range. Thus, the new 152 caliber millimeter gun exceeded the old 122-millimeter only in the power of the projectile and partly in the rate of fire. As for self-propelled artillery caliber 152 millimeter, the SAU "Pat-S" did not have any particular advantages over the existing "Acacia" with a gun 2А33. So, the older 2C3 self-propelled gun could hit targets at a distance of up to 20 kilometers and transport in the fighting compartment to 46 shots. With respect to the 2C18 ammunition, exact data is not available. In various sources, figures are given, according to which the Pata-S transported ammunition did not exceed 35-40 projectiles and charges to them.

Thus, the advantages of the new self-propelled artillery installation were only a small combat mass, which allowed the car to be transported by transport aircraft, the ability to cross reservoirs, as well as a light chassis, unified with the new infantry fighting vehicle. Armament, in turn, either did not have any advantages over existing systems, or lost to them in one way or another. This ratio of positive and negative sides of the project 2C18 as a result led to its closure.

Very interesting is the fate of the components of the failed self-propelled gun. The Pat-B towed version of the 2А61 is occasionally displayed at various exhibitions and offered for export (the M-389 version for shells of the NATO 155 caliber mm standard). In the early nineties, the Pat-K project appeared, during which it was planned to install the 2А61 howitzer on the Ural-5323 wheeled chassis. Such a self-propelled artillery mount also did not go into the series. More promising and lucky was the BMP-3 chassis, which was modified for the 2C18 ACS. In the second half of the eighties began designing a new self-propelled 2C31 "Vienna". Initially it was planned to build it on the basis of the modified Carnation chassis, but then the Pata-S chassis was chosen.

To date, a number of self-propelled 2C31 “Vienna” self-propelled guns are being used in the missile forces and artillery of Russia. The only built prototype of ACS 2C18 "Pat-S" was used in the construction of the prototype "Vienna" in the nineties. According to some information, its chassis is still stored in Perm on the territory of the Motovilikhinsky Plants enterprise. The fate of the 2A63 turret is unknown.


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  1. bask
    +4
    31 May 2013 08: 13
    Good morning.
    Article as always good
    Self-propelled artillery mount 2S18 ,, Pat-S ,,. As I understand it was created primarily for the Airborne Forces and Marines. And not for motorized rifle units.
    Tracked chassis BMP-3, not very convenient in terms of layout, for installing a turret with a gun. MTO, in the stern of the chassis. Which complicates access and maintenance.
    GSh self-propelled guns ,, Acacia ,, GM-123, has a definite advantage, MTO in the nose. Large payload, greater ammunition. Maintenance MTO, not difficult.
    And most importantly, the firing range for the 152 mm gun in 19 cells in the early 80s was unsatisfactory.
    This was the main factor that the self-propelled guns, Pat-S, were not adopted.
    And not GSh, chassis, they are different for different tasks. GM 123, not floating and not landing.
    1. bask
      0
      31 May 2013 08: 54
      SPG ,, Vienna ,, from the stern and SPG ,, Acacia,

  2. +1
    31 May 2013 08: 20
    With all the interesting technical solutions - another dead end in the tactical and logistical sense. And so in the Soviet Army, the demilitarization of military equipment reached unbelievable proportions, which cost 3 main tanks ...
    But for Kubinka, of course, they were not saved in vain.
  3. avt
    +1
    31 May 2013 09: 23
    Quote: Mikhado
    With all the interesting technical solutions - another dead end in the tactical and logistical sense. And so in the Soviet Army, the demilitarization of military equipment reached unbelievable proportions, which cost 3 main tanks ...

    I disagree with the assessment of a specific sample. ,, At this time, a new concept was being implemented, according to which all self-propelled artillery should have a single caliber - 155 millimeters. The Soviet military and engineers, having examined and evaluated Western ideas, came to the conclusion that it was necessary to carry out the same work. It was decided to build a new self-propelled guns with firepower at the level of the combat vehicle 2S3 "Akatsia", but with much smaller dimensions and combat weight. This is how the project 2S18 Pat-S started. "------ That is, this sample is an attempt to unify in artillery, successful or not request Here perhaps you can agree with
    Quote: bask
    Tracked chassis BMP-3, not very convenient in terms of layout, for installing a turret with a gun. MTO, in the stern of the chassis. Which complicates access and maintenance.
    But it seems that the topic was not left "at rest" either with us or with them, there will be attempts to continue.
    1. bask
      +4
      31 May 2013 09: 59
      Quote: avt
      self-propelled artillery was supposed to have a single caliber - 155 millimeters. Soviet military and engineers,

      But still, the NATO, left their 105 caliber, not lightly armored vehicles.
      Adding 120 ,, mortar ,, caliber.
      Probably impressed with the effectiveness of our SPGs, NONA, in Afghanistan. Before that, they had nothing of the kind.
      We need a MODULAR MIDDLE PLATFORM, weighing up to 25 tons, with front MTO, mine protection and bulletproof-fragmentation armor. On tracked and wheeled chassis. With a load capacity of 10-15 tons.
      BMP-modular platform. ASCOD -PIZARRO / ULAN.
      ASCOD BMP family includes: light tank LT105, chassis for SAM (AAMC) and ZSU (AAGS), ATGMC SPTRK, 81-mm or 120-mm self-propelled mortar AMC120, BREM (ARRV), BRM (ALC), control and communication vehicle ( ACCC), mobile ANP (AAOP) and ambulance (AAMB).
      Another option with our tower, Bahcha,

      THE FUTURE IS BEYOND SUCH MODULAR UNIFIED PLATFORMS, but our project, Armata, is frozen. Yes, and with Kurgan, something is deaf.
      1. avt
        +1
        31 May 2013 10: 22
        Quote: bask
        But still, the NATO, left their 105 caliber, not lightly armored vehicles.
        Adding 120 ,, mortar ,, caliber.

        Well, it seems that until the end of an acceptable sample did not request Yes, and it makes no sense, like money, to immediately remove from service the tried and tested 105 time either.
      2. bask
        +2
        31 May 2013 15: 45
        BEYOND SUCH MODULAR UNIFIED PLATFORMS FUTURE

        As an example, ASCOOD cited BUT WE HAVE OUR OWN MODULAR PLATFORM GM-123 !!!
        Self-propelled guns ,, Acacia ,, Geocind ,, Mortar ,, Tulip ,, Mine trap, SAM, Circle, ,,
        Missing one BMP, with a tower ,, Bahcha ,,. Objects (105,123,303,318,)
        TTX
        Combat weight - 27,5 t.
        Maximum speed - 50 km / h.
        Р — Р ° РїР ° СЃ С… РѕРґР ° - 400 РєРј.
        Booking:
        forehead - 15 mm
        case - 15 mm
        weight of the machine, kg 28500
        Crew, people. 3
        long - 8,6 m
        width-3,2 m
        height-2,7 m
        Engine-In-59U
        Engine power-520 l / s
        Maximum speed-60 cells / h
        Fuel Supply - 700 Lit
        Cruising on the highway-500kl
        Finding more information about this tracked chassis is simply not realistic. And this is the unified platform created back in the 50s !!!
        Crew - 3 pax

        [/ Center]
        READY BMP - UNIFIED PLATFORM !!!
        And not what SV-90 will not yield.
  4. Dzerzhinets
    +2
    31 May 2013 10: 44
    SAU PAT-S, STILL NOT SINGING SONG, READ AN INTERVIEW WITH A SHAMANOV IN THE RED STAR, HE ANNOUNCED SIMULTANEOUSLY DEVELOPING TWO SAUS IN CALIBRATES OF 120 AND 152 MM, EVERYTHING SOMETIMES I THINK THIS AND THERE ARE VENA-SD AND PAT-SD PROGRAMS AT THE BMD-4M CHASSIS OF THE KURGAN FACTORY ... GIVE GOD TO LIVE BEFORE THESE ARTSYSTEMS ARE ARMED, THE VENA-SD RESOURCED DUSTY MY DREAM...
  5. +2
    31 May 2013 11: 27
    Was it impossible to install the new turret on the carnation chassis?
  6. avt
    +2
    31 May 2013 11: 49
    Quote: _KM_
    Was it impossible to install the new turret on the carnation chassis?

    ,, Hosta "but 120 mm. request Probably they could not cope with the weight in caliber 152.
  7. +1
    31 May 2013 12: 30
    The difference is 1 ton. Surely it could somehow be compensated.
  8. bubble82009
    0
    1 June 2013 00: 28
    20-30 years will pass and the standard barrel artillery will be abandoned. create weapons on other physical properties. in general, all this is created to destroy an armored object behind which a person is hiding. but if you act on this person at a psychological level and the whole formidable machine becomes a pile of glands.
    1. 0
      4 June 2013 16: 00
      Rather, it’s 10-15 years or it can turn out like with AI here. and there is no result yet, about 50 years ago. The power of computers has increased a thousandfold, but AI has never been so.
  9. -1
    28 June 2013 21: 31
    No Russian self-propelled gun can compare with the Swedish "Archer".
  10. 0
    20 May 2023 13: 30
    " Moscow, May 20, 2023, 12:53 - IA Regnum. "Kurganmashzavod", which is part of the state corporation "Rostec", is working on the modernization of the self-propelled howitzer "Pat-S" 152-mm caliber on a modified chassis of the infantry fighting vehicle BMP-3 This was reported to a RIA Novosti correspondent in the holding.
    Kurganmashzavod, which is part of the Rostec state corporation, is working on the modernization of the 152-mm Pat-S self-propelled howitzer on a modified chassis of the BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicle. This was reported to a RIA Novosti correspondent in the holding.

    "Kurganmashzavod" announced work on the modernization of the self-propelled howitzer "Pat-S"
    “Modernization of self-propelled artillery installations based on the modified BMP-3 chassis is underway,” the report says.

    According to the holding, a howitzer equipped with a 120-mm and 152-mm gun can significantly increase the efficiency of motorized rifle units.
    1. 0
      21 May 2023 20: 31
      Strange information. Need a replacement for Acacia and Hyacinth?

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