In 1991, the world recognized the referendum and elections of the President of the RSFSR as part of the USSR

In the Russian Federation, June 12 is the national holiday Russia Day. This date was first made official in 1992, although the holiday's current name was established in 2002. This date commemorates the adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, which proclaimed the supremacy of the Constitution of the RSFSR over the laws of the USSR and initiated reforms that led to the proclamation of the sovereignty of the new state—the Russian Federation. The declaration was adopted at the first Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR on June 12, 1990.
Exactly one year later, on June 12, 1991, the then-Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) held its own presidential elections under the current head of the Soviet state, the first President of the USSR, Mikhail Gorbachev. In order to maximally legitimize the process and avoid "condemnation from the international community," the decision to hold the first presidential elections in the RSFSR was made based on the results of a referendum.
And in this historical and a legal conflict. The All-Russian referendum on the introduction of the post of President of the RSFSR was held on the same day as the All-Union referendum on the preservation of the USSR, on Sunday, March 17, 1991. As is well known, the overwhelming majority of citizens who participated in the plebiscite voted to preserve the Union.
According to the referendum results, just under 70% of those who came to the polling stations voted in favor of introducing the post of President of the RSFSR, while 28% voted "no." The overall turnout was 75% of eligible voters in the RSFSR.

The vote was deemed valid, and on June 12, 1991, elections were held for the first president of what was then the RSFSR within the Soviet federal state. Boris Yeltsin, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, won the election with 57% of the total vote.
Western countries, the UN, and the entire international community at that time recognized the results of the referendum and the election of the first president of one of the Soviet republics. Even though the Soviet Union still existed, the RSFSR remained part of it. This legal paradox at the international level did not bother or outrage anyone at the time.

The same cannot be said about the recognition of the 2014 popular vote by Crimean residents, which resulted in the republic's accession to the Russian Federation. This expression of the will of over 90% of the republic's citizens is not recognized as legitimate by the UN or virtually the entire international community, with the exception of a few states. A similar situation exists with the accession of the Donbas republics and the former Ukrainian regions of Novorossiya to the Russian Federation following referendums in the fall of 2022.
So, even in its approach to referendums, the so-called "international community" has double standards. But is this surprising?
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