21 May - Day of the Military Translator

19
The profession of a military translator is perhaps one of the most ancient military professions. Its relevance and importance is due to the obvious fact that the absolute majority of wars in the world stories It was conducted between nations speaking different languages. In Russia, the profession of a military translator (interpreter - interpreter; dragoman - ambassadorial translator, oriental languages) is known almost from the beginning of the formation of a centralized Russian state - since the Byzantine campaigns of the Slavs.

A separate service, professionally engaged in the translation of foreign languages, appeared in Russia in the XVI century. In 1549, the Ambassadorial Department was established under the command of Ivan Viskovaty, whose staff consisted of a 22 translator and 17 interpreters who owned dozens of foreign languages.

Until a certain time, the practice of diplomatic and military translation was uniform and did not have any fundamental differences. The situation changed with Russia's assertion of the status of the empire, with the expansion and increase of the perimeter of its borders: with access to the Black Sea, the Far East and Central Asia. It was not for nothing that officer courses opened in 1885 during the separation of Oriental languages ​​of the Asian department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs became the first educational institution that trained translators for military purposes. The courses of translators immediately gained immense popularity among the officers, the competition exceeded 10 people into place - the profession of a military translator was prestigious at all times. The translating officers served in the countries of Asia, in the Caucasus and in the newly annexed territories of the Asian military districts as chiefs of counties, bailiffs, officers of the border guards.

The next step, which accelerated the formation of a full-fledged personnel reserve for military interpreters of the Russian army, was the opening of the Eastern Institute in Vladivostok in 1899. The training program for orientalists included, in addition to the obligatory English and French, Chinese, Japanese, Korean and other Asian languages, depending on the country specialization chosen by the students. Increased attention to the training of Orientalists in the country was not accidental. It is no secret that the sovereign emperor Nicholas II chose the Far East as one of the priority directions of foreign policy, which was a century ahead of his time, because today the Asia-Pacific region is considered the most intensively developing and promising region of the planet, for the influence on which the real geopolitical wrestling.

A significant contribution to the language training of personnel was also made by foreign language courses opened at the headquarters of military districts, which was a consequence of the development of the armed forces as a whole. For example, in 1895, after receiving information about the introduction of Russian courses for officers by the German command, German courses were opened in the Vilna military district - World War I was just around the corner ...

The war and the subsequent catastrophic events that destroyed the country to its foundations left practically nothing away from the successfully functioning system of training military interpreters and orientalists.

The history of military translators of the Soviet period begins with the order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR SS No. 125 of 21 in May 1929 of the year. Under the influence of increasing international tensions and the evidence of inevitable wars, the profession of a military translator became increasingly in demand. The country is reconstructing the system of training military translation specialists: the Eastern branch of the General Staff Academy opens (later the Eastern Division of the Academy, then the Eastern Special, then the 4 faculty of the MV Frunze Military Academy, then the Military Institute of Foreign Languages, later transformed into the Military Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR). Today, the corresponding institute is included in the structure of the Military University as a faculty.
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    1. +8
      21 May 2013 07: 05
      The translators also had to take up arms.

      "And if the translator is a lady,
      Yes, not bad, let's face it,
      you can't think anymore
      and translate whatever you want. "

      Friends, military translators, happy holiday.
      Health and health again!
      1. Explore
        +3
        21 May 2013 14: 25
        Perhaps it’s worth separately congratulating the GRU Special Forces officers, graduates of the special intelligence department, since their basic civilian specialty is a linguist-translator.
        1. 0
          21 May 2013 23: 48
          I join, with a holiday!
    2. Septugian
      +4
      21 May 2013 07: 07
      Happy holiday of military translators! soldier drinks
    3. +5
      21 May 2013 07: 54
      People of a very necessary profession, MILITARY TRANSLATORS!
      Happy holiday! Health, happiness, success!
    4. The comment was deleted.
    5. smershspy
      +8
      21 May 2013 08: 53
      Lord! Happy holiday! Good luck in job! People of the invisible front - I would call them that! Thanks to them, the information during the Second World War was verified and appropriate measures were taken! Happy holiday to you! I know that now you are doing your work while I write ..!
    6. Dimkapvo
      +5
      21 May 2013 08: 55
      Very necessary guys !!!! Personal thanks !!! Happy Holiday !!!!
    7. The comment was deleted.
    8. The comment was deleted.
    9. waisson
      +4
      21 May 2013 09: 20
      SERVED HAD TO COMMUNICATE- CONTINGENT NEEDED FUTURE SCIENTISTS
    10. +7
      21 May 2013 09: 48
      Shooting is not for wit
      thunderous war thunder
      from arab yellow helmet
      Russian eyes turn blue (for those who remember)
      Happy holiday colleagues!
    11. The comment was deleted.
    12. 0
      21 May 2013 09: 54
      Happy holiday, interpreters!
    13. +4
      21 May 2013 10: 00
      In certain circumstances
      as an on-line translator
      can be used
      alcohol.
      wassat
    14. ttttt
      +3
      21 May 2013 10: 10
      The graduates of VIIAK can be called the elite of the armed forces without unnecessary phrases. Indeed, many of them went along the path of intelligence. And now many VIIK veterans are engaged in necessary and useful things, they, as specialists in learning the languages ​​of our opponents and friends, know their way of thinking, mentality and secret meanings, practice methods of defense, attack and victory in the information war and the war of meanings.

      If moderation misses, I give links to a couple of very useful VIIIAK sites (to remove spaces) where a large amount of materials has been accumulated, you will understand a lot about what is happening in the world and threats to the Russian World. I especially ask you to pay attention to the work of A. Devyatov.

      http://www.clubvi.ru/
      http: // www.peremeny.ru/books/osminog/category/nebopolitica
    15. RPD
      +1
      21 May 2013 10: 19
      with professional holiday
    16. +2
      21 May 2013 10: 44
      Happy Holiday Military Translators!
    17. +1
      21 May 2013 12: 24
      Glory to all military translators!
      After all, you are bridges of facial expressions and words
      Between infinitely slender troops
      All continents, countries and cities.

      We wish you a great understanding,
      We wish ease and speed of mind.
      So that the speech flows in a stream, not tired,
      So that only your role is peaceful.

      Thank you for the calm of the state,
      After all, thanks to you we sleep peacefully.
      Be calm - we are proud of you,
      Your merits are sacred to all of us.
      I join in the congratulations.
      drinks drinks drinks
    18. +2
      21 May 2013 17: 30
      They are everywhere and in the rear and on the front line and in special forces and outfits! Happy holiday!
    19. lilit.193
      +2
      21 May 2013 17: 37
      HOLIDAY YOU, TRANSLATORS !!! love love love
    20. +5
      21 May 2013 19: 10
      Amazing Carabas-Barabas drinks Be healthy.
      During the Great Patriotic War, Vladimir Abramovich Etush graduated from the military translation faculty of the Second Moscow Pedagogical Institute of Foreign Languages, fought at the front with the rank of lieutenant in the administrative service. He fought near the city of Malgobek (modern Republic of Ingushetia). His last post was assistant chief of staff of the 581st Red Banner Rifle Regiment for the rear. By order of the 151th Infantry Division No. 027 / N of September 19, 1943, he was awarded the Order of the Red Star. From the award list:
      “In the battles for the socialist homeland against the German invaders, he showed himself to be a bold and decisive commander. In offensive battles in the Mospino area on 7.9.43, the command of the regiment, Comrade. Etush was sent to help the battalion, which had a difficult situation in the performance of the assigned combat mission, comrade. Etush fearlessly not sparing his life, inspiring the fighters, boldly led the company to the enemy, and with his skillful maneuver he knocked the enemy out of the Gorodok area while destroying 30 soldiers and officers, and captured a light machine gun. Comrade Etush, working as chief of staff for the rear throughout the offensive battles, ensured the normal operation of the rear and its movement. He uninterruptedly delivered food and ammunition to combat units. He provided good reception and evacuation of the wounded. On September 15.9.1943, 8, advancing on the regional center of Kuibyshevo, personally with a group of fighters they were the first to break into the village and in street battles destroyed XNUMX enemy soldiers and officers.
      In the 1943 year near Tokmak (the village of Zhovtnevoe) in the Zaporizhzhya region he was seriously wounded. After the hospital, he received a second disability group and was commissioned. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1946 year.
      1. +1
        21 May 2013 23: 23
        Yes, I didn’t know ... well, Karabas!

        Happy holiday, colleagues!
    21. +1
      21 May 2013 19: 22
      Happy professional colleagues! drinks
      After the liquidation of the institute, as an independent unit and the pernicious reforms of Serdyukov, a shortage of translators began to be felt in the armed forces. In my memory, several telegrams came to our unit about recruiting officers for courses. I wish to eliminate all problems and shortcomings with education as soon as possible. Good luck guys!
      One of the striking examples of the activities of the Ambassadorial order is the famous Nerchinsk Treaty, drawn up in three languages ​​- in Russian, Manchurian and Latin. And still used in international practice. But China generally considers the Aigun Treaty to be imposed by force, and recognizes the Nerchinsk Treaty as the only truly fair border agreement.
    22. +1
      21 May 2013 21: 12
      I don’t understand. 6 years have been taught at school, three years at institutes, all the same they do not know. What kind of techniques do we have?
    23. 755962
      0
      21 May 2013 22: 52
      My mother’s aunt, Tatyana Aleksandrovna Lapshina, was a military translator. She graduated from a war in Berlin where she met her husband Pyotr Stepanych (who fled to the front at the age of 17). And the first-born were born in Dresden. That's the story ...
      Everlasting memory!
      To all those who made their contribution to the Victory!
      Eternal Glory!
      Bow to you relatives!
    24. +1
      21 May 2013 23: 26
      Currently, the positions of translators in the SPN units have been reduced ...

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