Russia conducted the second combat test of the Oreshnik IRBM.

Russia conducted the second combat test of a ballistic missile missiles The Oreshnik medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) was launched. This time, the military assessed the missile's ability to strike specific targets, striking an underground gas storage facility in Western Ukraine.

According to Ukrainian sources, Russia used an Oreshnik missile to strike the Bilche-Volytsko-Uherske underground gas storage facility in the Lviv region—the largest gas storage facility in Europe. This facility was presumably chosen for a reason, as it is considered one of the most difficult targets to reach, and Russian military forces used it to test the missile's capabilities.

Ukrainian media outlets haven't reported any consequences, but judging by the information that emerged immediately after the strike on the gas storage facility, the impacts were severe—the explosions were so loud that they were heard even in neighboring regions. There are also reports of problems with gas supplies to homes.

As the Ukrainian Armed Forces' West Air Command admitted, the Russian missile's speed was approximately 13 km/h, and there was no question of interception, as Ukraine lacks the means Defense/missile defense systems capable of intercepting such targets. And the Oreshnik strike only became known after it struck a "critical infrastructure facility."

According to some Ukrainian sources, Zelenskyy was in his bunker overnight, calling his European partners and complaining about Russia. So, today we expect more statements from Macron and others like him about the inadmissibility of such strikes.

Comments

[dmi.pris1]

Well, you asked for it? Here it is!

[Terenin]

It looks like Putin is redistributing the $90 billion the EU allocates to the top-knot over two years, from weapons purchases to patching holes. He's resetting Ukraine's economy.

[Jrvin]

This was supposed to be done in 2022... we're still playing at being a brotherly nation...

[Terenin]

Quote: Jrvin

This was supposed to be done in 2022... we're still playing at being a brotherly nation...

Yes, as long as there are all these Medvedchuks and unprofessional SVR sheep hanging around, these half measures will continue.

[fruc]

Zelensky spent the night in his bunker, calling his European partners and complaining about Russia.

Is there any information about where this bunker is located?

[Terenin]

Quote: frruc

Zelensky spent the night in his bunker, calling his European partners and complaining about Russia.

Is there any information about where this bunker is located?

See my post above. We're awaiting a response from the SVR.

[Word]

https://lenta.ru/news/2025/04/03/raskryto-mestoraspolozhenie-bunkerov-zelenskogo/

[Taurus1983]

Perhaps the Russian people should tell the Russian president that their Ukrainian relatives are now considered not relatives, but enemies.

[Huarabey]

Well, everyone knows about it. How could it be any other way, if Ukrop sold his soul to those who dreamed of destroying Russia for centuries? And a traitor is even worse than an enemy.

[Il'nur]

Relatives are now considered not relatives, but enemies

They've been enemies since '14, but the president doesn't realize it; he's always been playing around with "brothers"... I know many people from Ukraine whose relatives in Ukraine considered their relatives in Russia enemies...

[AVA77]

This was supposed to be done in 2022
Come on!
Can you tell me when the hazelnut tree appeared?

- Zhora, fry the fish quickly!
- But there are no fish...
- Hey, Zhora, fry it, there will be fish!

[hrych]

The Kinzhal can reach speeds of almost 15 km/h, compared to the stated 13. With its penetrating and precision-guided warhead, it should be able to destroy such storage facilities.

[AVA77]

The Kinzhal has a single warhead, while the Oreshnik can carry a whole cluster of warheads. Using the Oreshnik is an area-effect strike, similar to how Grads strike and cover a large area. The Kinzhal, on the other hand, is a precision-guided weapon.

https://dzen.ru/a/Z0hVkOnWInezFKfH

[hrych]

That's right, right in the right place, the most vulnerable part of the storage facility, with a deviation of ten meters, and good riddance. Plus, the Kinzhal's warhead will be clearly heavier than the Oreshnik's individual block, allowing for better penetration. Because of the lower size and weight restrictions, a more effective charge can be used, such as thermite, thermobaric, and other explosives, which gases under pressure thrive on.

[AVA77]

The dagger's warhead initially carries an explosive charge and, accordingly, does not have high penetrating power due to insufficient mechanical resistance.
Here is either a blank with high penetrating power
Or a warhead with an explosive charge and an explosion on the surface until the warhead is destroyed.

[hrych]

There's no single, standard warhead. There are various warheads. High-explosive fragmentation, cluster, penetrating (concrete-piercing), high-explosive incendiary, and nuclear. There are numerous types of cluster munitions. The known types of cluster munitions for the Iskander OTRK (and the Kinzhal, essentially the same, only air-launched) are as follows:
1) A cluster bomb with 54 proximity-detonating fragmentation warheads, detonated at an altitude of approximately 10 meters above the ground. These cluster bombs are partially guided, dropped from an altitude of approximately 0,9–1,4 km, and glide, guided by commands from the 9E156 "Zont" remote detonator, which operates using a built-in radio altimeter, and a laser rangefinder rotating due to the warhead's location on the side, scanning the surface;
2) a cluster munition with cumulative fragmentation warheads PTAB-2.5KO[pol.], capable of penetrating the armor of the roof of armored vehicles up to 20 mm thick, and also inflicting wounds on infantry with fragments;
3) cluster bomb with volumetric detonation action for destruction of manpower and equipment among buildings and in shelters.
Part of cluster munitions allows remote mining on the path of country roads of advancing enemy reinforcements;
4) cluster remote anti-personnel and anti-wheel mining with PFM-1 pressure mines, as well as self-installing tripwire mines POM-2 "Otyok";
5) cluster remote anti-tank mining with magnetic anti-bottom mines PTM-3.
It is clear that no one will mine with the Kinzhal, unlike the Iskander, but a unified warhead is at your disposal.

[AVA77]

All the warheads you listed initially contain an explosive charge, solve completely different, specific tasks and initially do not have high penetrating power and kinetic energy.
They're just not designed for that.

There is no point in molding one blank with high penetrating power onto a dagger if you can shoot a dozen blanks at once from a hazel tree.
That's it.

[hrych]

What about penetrating missiles—concrete-piercing ones? They need to penetrate a concrete slab, say, with a crane, covering the entrance to a former mine that's being used as a storage facility? And with a precise hit... What's the problem with sending a kinetic energy dummy, only a highly accurate one?

[AVA77]

The problem is in the specialization and price of the product.
I'm sure you have no information about the accuracy of the hazelnut.

Based on your logic, one machine gun with a machine gunner can be successfully replaced by 20 soldiers with rifles.
Rifles are more accurate than machine guns, the density of fire is +-

[hrych]

Not 20 fighters, but a single sniper, fires at the enemy, selectively targeting the target, a bullet between their horns, while the machine gunner creates a dense barrage of fire in the hopes of converting quantity into quality, but most bullets miss. The Oreshnik is definitely more expensive. It's a medium-range missile with multiple stages and an engine for each stage. The Kinzhal has a reusable first stage, specifically a MiG-31. The carrier can adjust and select the target before launch, can "change its mind" about attacking, etc. The Oreshnik's accuracy isn't high; it's a sort of long-range multiple launch rocket system. The nuclear variant has 3-6 AP, where the deviation is compensated for by the warhead's kill zone. The Kinzhal is also available in a nuclear variant.

[topol717]

Quote: hrych

The Dagger accelerates to almost 15 thousand km/h, compared to the stated 13 thousand

The X-wings say the Kinzhal significantly reduces its speed when approaching a target, to somewhere around Mach 2-3, i.e., 15 km/h only when moving. They say this allows them to shoot down these missiles. I don't think that's entirely true, but the truth, as always, is somewhere in the middle, and it's likely that the Kinzhal does indeed reduce its speed, albeit to Mach 5-6 or even higher, in order to receive GPS signals and adjust its position.

[hrych]

Unlikely. It flies through the vacuum of the stratosphere, then, taking aim, dives from there toward its target, passing through the dense layers (the troposphere) in... 2-3 seconds. How can you slow down there?

[topol717]

Quote: hrych

It flies in the vacuum of the stratosphere,

The thing is, it's still atmosphere, and even at 15 kilometers, it's quite dense. Most likely, the Kinzhal can't receive a GPS radio signal. But the Oreshnik is flying through near space, and there's nothing stopping it there.

[hrych]

At 2000 km, a MiG-31 hurls a Kinzhal missile at a clear 45-degree angle, close to its dynamic ceiling. This is to hit London without leaving its air defense zone. This trajectory clearly takes the Kinzhal into space. This isn't necessary for Ukraine. What's stopping it from receiving radio signals in the stratosphere? It's the perfect spot. And there, like a sniper aiming at a target, it launches itself at the target with minimal deviation, given its enormous speed, in three seconds, and that's it. The nuclear variant is a real gem: it needs to detonate almost immediately after entering the troposphere, where a strong shock wave will form. This is, in fact, the algorithm used by the vast majority of ICBM and SLBM units, as an air burst is the most effective in terms of damage and is environmentally friendly.

[bayard]

The Iskander and Kinzhal missiles have a flight altitude of 50 km to their target, while the Kinzhal missile is launched at an altitude of 17 km at a speed of approximately 2500 km/h. At least, these were the figures cited during the presentation and subsequently. Both missiles have a quasi-ballistic trajectory, with maneuvering along the way and during the target approach. This maneuvering results in a loss of speed, but the Kinzhal's speed on approach to the target has been recorded at "around Mach 7."
They've already hit gas storage facilities with "daggers," but now they've decided to go for something more serious—a multiple strike with 36 blanks/rods should cause widespread destruction. And another demonstration. They're not going to hit the city with them, are they? A good reminder of what's important after the "Venezuelan Circus" and the tanker hijacking. It might also interrupt the news agenda.
But the Oreshnik missile, at that range (up to 2000 km), can carry 36 independently targetable nuclear warheads instead of such dummy warheads. This is a reminder of what and who they're dealing with, because combat deployment is already underway. And not with dummy warheads, but with such accuracy.

[hrych]

Quote: bayard

can carry 36 individually targetable nuclear warheads instead of such blanks

It can't. It's either a rack of dummy warheads or a launch platform that launches the warheads along their own individual trajectory—there's a big difference. If the warheads are maneuverable, they're large and equipped with wings, rudders, their own engines, and so on. The launch platform itself has a complex and weighty engine. These 36 dummy warheads seamlessly transform into 3-6 independently targetable nuclear warheads. The Kinzhal's stated maximum speed is Mach 10-12 (up to 14,688 km/h, or 4080 m/s). The Iskander flies at Mach 7, and the Zircon can reach Mach 8, but they need to ascend to the stratosphere independently. Maneuvering isn't aerobatics, but a small adjustment in trajectory, with an extremely negligible effect on speed.

[bayard]

Quote: hrych

Maneuvering is not aerobatics, but a small correction in the trajectory, the effect on speed is extremely insignificant.

Any maneuvering without a working engine reduces speed, as do dense layers of the atmosphere.

Quote: hrych

It can't. Either a rack with blanks, or a breeding platform.

As far as I understand, there are six separate dispensing platforms, each with six warheads, and this is for the variant with a range of up to 2000 km. For the variant with a range of 5500 km+, there are six of the same nuclear warheads on a single dispensing platform—the range converted to throw-weight. For conventional use, instead of nuclear warheads, there are simply blanks or kinetic rods for the destruction of highly protected underground facilities.

Quote: hrych

These 36 blanks smoothly turn into 3-6 nuclear warheads with independent targeting.

Only when the range increases to 5500 km, and then there are six of them, 150-500 kt each. This is for new physical packages, the specific power of which is already very close to the physical limit.

Quote: hrych

M = 10-12 (up to 14,688 km/h, or 4080 m/s). And Iskander flies at Mach 7,

10-12M is at the end of the acceleration phase; in dense layers, when approaching the target, the speed is around 7M. After all maneuvers and braking in the atmosphere.
To develop a lightweight, single-warhead IRBM with a quasi-ballistic trajectory and a range of 2000-2500 km, a two-stage Iskander (a la Pershing-2) is needed, with the Iskander-1000 engine serving as the first stage and the Kinzhal (designed to fly at Mach 10-12 at 50 km) serving as the second stage. The Kinzhal on the MiG-31 is not always convenient to use and would greatly reveal its preparations for use during satellite surveillance of its carrier bases. Ground-based launchers would allow for more covert and efficient operations. The development of such a lightweight IRBM would fill the niche currently occupied by the Kinzhal with its air-launch capability. Such a missile is essential and must be developed for the European theater of operations.

[hrych]

Quote: bayard

10-12M is at the end of the acceleration phase, in dense layers when approaching the target the speed is about 7M.

Where did you get that idea? The troposphere is on average 10-11 km. The Kinzhal's speed is 4 kilometers per second. It covers this distance in 3 seconds. How can you possibly reduce your speed by half? Especially since gravity is a big help during a dive. The Iskander achieves Mach 7 in its final phase by diving toward its target. An example is parachutist Baumgartner's jump from the stratosphere, from an altitude of 39 km, with an initial velocity of zero. He became the first parachutist to reach supersonic speed, accelerating to 1357,6 km/h. Let's just say its mass and aerodynamic characteristics are weak compared to rockets, and yet it still accelerated beyond Mach 7. The Iskander-1000 is externally almost indistinguishable from its predecessor and is launched from a standard launcher, as is its operating algorithm. It only has 15% (possibly 20%) more propellant and a reduced warhead range from half a ton to 300 km. That is, by more than half. It's possible the warhead is unified with the Oniks. The standard Iskander's warhead was apparently unified with the Kalibr, especially since, in addition to ballistic missiles, the Iskander's launcher also fires cruise missiles, which are suspiciously similar to the Kalibr cruise missile. Such unification certainly applies to specialized warheads as well. Why attach the Kinzhal to it? If it can already cover all of Europe with its specialized warhead? A new, larger, mobile launcher would have to be built, which would increase the cost and, ultimately, would be inferior to other systems. The nuclear variant of the Oreshnik, of course, has only one launch platform.

[bayard]

Does the spacecraft's descent module slow down or accelerate when descending from orbit in the atmosphere?
And how does an empty rocket body with used-up fuel affect acceleration/braking in the atmosphere?
And this is despite the fact that the Iskander and Kinzhal missiles aren't flying on a ballistic trajectory, but at an altitude of 50 kilometers. Do you think any braking occurs at that altitude, given that the engine is no longer running after acceleration? And does maneuvering, including when the trajectory bends during a dive and evasive maneuvers, decrease or increase its speed? Considering that the Iskander's warhead doesn't separate, and for control purposes, the entire missile flies toward the target, maneuvering throughout the entire dive?
Even a regular artillery shell's speed only decreases throughout its entire flight path, and it doesn't maneuver.
Regarding the approximately Mach 7 speed during the Kinzhal's approach to the target, the calculation (of course, there's a bit of a margin there) was made using footage of the very first Kinzhal's arrival, based on the shock wave's arrival speed from a high-speed target. So, everything is working out fine. The speed at engine burnout, the speed at cruising altitude, and the speed after all maneuvers during the approach to the target will all be different and will decrease as a result of aerodynamic drag and speed loss during maneuvering. Well, those are axioms.

Quote: hrych

Why attach a Dagger to it?

As a second stage to increase the range to 2000-2500 km. To cover not only Central but also Western Europe. For use against single, high-priority targets, which no one would waste the Oreshnik with its six nuclear warheads (at that range). Sergei Ketonov proposed this a long time ago, and we discussed it with him.

Quote: hrych

This requires building a new, mobile, large-sized launcher, the price will increase.

It will definitely be worth all the expense. This is a lightweight, single-warhead IRBM with the highest accuracy and a range of 2000-2500 km. Measure the distance to London, Paris, and the ports on the Atlantic coast.
The Oreshnik has two payload options: short-range (up to 1500-2000 km) and long-range (5500 km). At short range, it can effectively carpet bomb NATO forces deployed to attack Russia, while completely destroying targets over a relatively wide front and a fairly large area.

Quote: hrych

Why attach a Dagger to it?

Because the "Dagger" is designed to fly at exactly this speed, there is no need to invent anything new at all.

Quote: hrych

A dagger? If it's already shooting across all of Europe.

Because it's air-launched, preparations for its use won't be hidden from enemy satellites, so there's no surprise factor. With a ground-based TPU, surprise is much easier to achieve and isn't tied to airfields. The reaction time from receiving the command to launch to the missile's launch is faster. The issue of unmasking the Kinzhal's preparations for use was already encountered during the Soviet-era air defense. Conclusions should have been drawn yesterday or the day before.

Quote: hrych

The nuclear version of the Hazelnut has, of course, only one breeding platform.

When equipped with six nuclear warheads and for long-range flights, it's possible to have 36 nuclear warheads at short ranges (up to 2000 km). Even in the 1960s, the US installed missiles with as many as 24 nuclear warheads on its first SLBMs. And this was precisely to achieve the effect I described.

[hrych]

A simple, free-falling bomb from WWII accelerated to 1,000 km/h or more in the troposphere. The descent vehicle decelerates against the atmosphere through a special maneuver, at a specific angle, and its bottom is specially flattened to increase drag. There are no evasive maneuvers, really. Penetrating missile defenses relies on speed and short flight times. The rest is mythmaking.

Quote: bayard

Because it is air-based

It's not the Kinzhal, but the Iskander-1000 that covers all of Europe with its special warhead. It can deliver a 300-kg high explosive or cluster munition up to 1,000 km. For example, with the Kalibr, it can throw a half-ton high explosive at 1,500 km, while its special warheads can reach 2,500 km. A ballistic missile, of course, doesn't increase the range as much as a cruise missile, but it's enough to reach from Kaliningrad to Brussels, and maybe even London. We also have the ramjet hypersonic Tsirkon. If we're going to build something, we should do it with that, not the Iskander or Kinzhal. The same principle applies, increasing fuel and reducing the weight of the special warheads. The warhead of the Oreshnik IRBM is reported to be 1,2 tons, and the mass of one submunition out of 36 will be around 30 kilograms. Nuclear blocks weigh between 100 and 300 kg on average, depending on their yield, and the launch platform itself is a stump with maneuvering thrusters weighing at least half a ton. So, consider what you can throw in there. Or even a megaton-class single block, which can be maneuvered.

[bayard]

Quote: hrych

Or even a megaton-class monoblock, possibly maneuverable.

This was for the Rubezh ICBM, which was used as the basis for the Oreshnik. The Rubezh, with a single-head design and three stages, had a range of about 11,000 km. The Oreshnik, with a range of 5500 km and two stages (excluding the expansion stage), already has 6 nuclear warheads with a yield of 150 to 500 kt (with a weight of about 100 kg and about 200 kg, respectively, for new domestic physical packages). With (quite likely) a single-stage design, but with 6 expansion stages and 6 x 6 = 36 nuclear warheads with a yield of up to 150 kt each (with a weight of about/less than 100 kg each). That's roughly the situation. That's why the range of the conventional Oreshnik is so short.
Amendment. In principle, when equipped with 36 nuclear warheads, there could be one dispersal stage for individual targeting (conditionally) and a dispersion stage (for engaging area targets—large agglomerations, troops deployed for an offensive over a large area). But the fact remains—the Oreshnik can be equipped with 36 nuclear warheads (and this does not contradict either the laws of physics or the history of this type of weapon—the US used something similar on its first SLBMs) ​​with a range of no more than 2000 km.
But this is an expensive missile, and using it for conventional purposes is extremely wasteful and irrational. That is, such use is justified ONLY to demonstrate one's capabilities to the enemy—specifically, the number of nuclear warheads and the accuracy of their guidance.

Quote: hrych

A simple, free-falling bomb from the WWII era accelerated to a thousand km/h or more in the troposphere.

I remember them, but their speed is always balanced by the resistance of the environment at a certain speed, after which the speed no longer increases. And the density of such a cast-iron aerial bomb and an already empty missile with spent fuel, the warhead of which does not separate only to be able to taxi to the target until the very end. I once observed this kind of throttling in the last 10-20 m from a footage of an enemy air defense missile system being destroyed while watching it frame by frame. “The Iskander was a real surprise because it made its last turn at an altitude of about 10-15 m, and quite steeply at that. I rewatched it several times to make sure it wasn’t a glitch. So, an empty missile will be slowed down by the environment much more effectively than the same missile fully loaded with fuel, not to mention a “cast iron bomb” flying at the same speed. That is, the density of the ammunition, the density of the environment, the speed and time of such braking with increasing density of the environment/atmosphere. An empty missile will definitely slow down. It will also lose speed when maneuvering, and it definitely does. Maybe not like in the “myths and legends,” but firstly, it sharply breaks its trajectory when going into a dive on the target, and then steers several times for more precise guidance. It steers deliberately "with drifts" and then makes corrections, which are the very same anti-missile maneuvers.

Quote: hrych

It's not the Kinzhal, but the Iskander-1000 that shoots across all of Europe with special warheads.

With a maximum range of 1200 - 1300 km with a nuclear warhead?
It has a good range, but you can't cover "all of Europe" from east to west. Even from Kaliningrad, where there's no operational depth whatsoever. So, it's a good missile for Eastern and Central Europe. But for Western Europe—England, France, Spain, Portugal, with their ports and naval bases—it'll barely make it halfway from Smolensk. So, I repeat—we need a lightweight, two-stage, single-warhead IRBM with a quasi-ballistic trajectory based on existing engines (turbo-turbine jet engines) and the missile systems and components in general. Such a two-stage Iskander was proposed to our Ministry of Defense back in the late 90s and early 00s, but the New START Treaty was in effect at the time, and they didn't want to build such a missile in advance. It's quite simple and quick to build, using all the existing components, with some minor modifications and rewriting/correcting the software.

Quote: hrych

For example, with the Caliber, it throws a half-ton high explosive at one and a half thousand, and a special B/C at two and a half thousand.

Don't even count on Kalibr missiles hitting CRITICAL and high-priority targets. NATO has a fairly large combat aviation force, and its air defense depends on it, as well as ample AWACS aircraft, so a subsonic cruise missile, especially one without stealth technology, would be easy prey for their combat aircraft scrambled. Kalibr missiles can only be launched as part of a second, or better yet, third wave, once air defense and missile defense systems are suppressed, airfields demolished, command centers destroyed, and new, neatly rounded "bays" and "harbors" adorn the sites of naval bases.

Quote: hrych

We also have the ramjet hypersonic Zircon. If we're going to build something, we should do it with that, not the Iskander and Kinzhal.

Of course, it's possible and even necessary, not instead, but alongside it, but for a slightly different purpose – as a longer-range anti-ship missile (ASM) homing armament with a range of around 2500 km. Simply by using the much more powerful Iskander-M engine, or better yet, the Iskander-1000 engine, instead of the standard Zircon booster. That's roughly what China and North Korea have developed for themselves. And yet, for some reason, we're stalling. It's a shame; such a solution is simply begging to be implemented.
Why is the Kinzhal better as the second stage for a two-stage IRBM for Europe?
Firstly, it has a higher flight altitude to its target. For the Iskander and Kinzhal, this is 50 km, an altitude at which ground-based air defense systems are either completely or extremely ineffective. The Tsirkon, on the other hand, flies at 30-35 km, and its speed is lower. Some modern air defense systems are still effective at this altitude, but its speed and the ability to slightly adjust its trajectory... plus, when flying over the sea/ocean, make the Tsirkon an optimal anti-ship missile or strike missile for our missile ships and large missile systems. But over densely populated Europe with its well-developed air defense... a Kinzhal boosted by an Iskander-1000 engine is still better. It will be MORE RELIABLE. And cheaper. And there is less hassle with maintenance.
Sergey Ketonov proposed such solutions, and I did so independently, and then we had a proper conversation. It's been a while now, probably about 5 years.

I believe that the Russian Armed Forces' Missile Forces should include the following medium-range missile systems:
1) "Oreshnik" in two modifications - with 6 and 36 nuclear warheads. The latter are designed for the total destruction of NATO forces deployed against us to a depth of up to 100 km from our western borders. Specifically for carpet bombing large areas with deployed enemy forces. For example, a single salvo of several dozen "Oreshnik" missiles could inflict total destruction in a zone up to 500 km from our western borders. If war breaks out, we'll have to stun the entire swamp.
2) A lightweight, two-stage IRBM with a single, high-precision nuclear warhead and a yield of up to 500 kt and even (if necessary) up to 2 megatons (this package weighs only about 400 kg). With a range of 2000-2500 km, all primary targets in Europe are within reach and guaranteed to be hit.
3) "Iskander-1000", because the range is 1200 - 1300 km - intermediate for Europe, but there will be enough targets for such missiles.
4) "Zircon-D" - with a reinforced booster from the "Iskander-M\1000" with a range of up to 2500 km. - as a glide vehicle in the BRK, but also with the ability to hit ground targets from coastal bases/deployment positions.
5) The Kalibr cruise missile system as part of a ground-based transport and launch vehicle and as part of a covert container-type transport and launch vehicle.
6) The Kalibr-M cruise missile... this one has a very long range, with a nuclear warhead of about 7500 km, so it is not so much for the European theater of operations, but for arming surface and submarine ships of our fleet and for hitting any stationary targets within reach from the depths of our own territory with covertly based TPK.
All of the above, except for the Zircon-D and Iskander-2D, are already in stock, and we can only diversify their basing methods. These two missiles, however, are actually quite simple to manufacture; with expedited development, they could be completed in a year. They will need new transport launchers, but that would simply require extending the base of the existing ones. And yes, the transport launcher for both these missiles could be the same, which would also save money.

[hrych]

Well, the ramjet, supersonic Onyx and the Bastion missile launcher have been undeservedly forgotten. The Onyx-M has a range of 800 km. Apparently, the Zircon is a development and the same size as the Onyx. Perhaps it can also be used from the Bastion.

[bayard]

I believe the Bastion TPU became the basis for the TPU for the ground-based Tsirkon missiles. Putin ordered the development of such TPUs at the beginning of the Second World War, and adapting the Bastion TPU to the new missile will not be difficult. The dimensions are roughly the same, but the Tsirkon's launch weight is 800-1000 kg heavier.
And no one forgot about the Onyx missile—it's an excellent anti-ship missile, its undeniable advantage being the ability to attack surface targets in WWI at Mach 2,8. A ship's air defense system is unlikely to be able to counter this in WWI, especially if there's more than one Onyx missile. For our large surface ships, having a certain number of Onyx missiles in their cells is highly desirable. Just like on the Yasen-M-class submarines. The ship's commander should always have a choice of which missile to use to engage a specific target.

[Piramidon]

Quote: hrych

With a penetrating and high-precision warhead, it should be able to destroy such storage facilities.

The storage facilities themselves can be located at depths of up to 2000 meters. Even nuclear warheads wouldn't be able to reach them. Aboveground infrastructure and relatively shallow wells are primarily affected.

[hrych]

The storage facility has an entrance and exit. Typically, the entrance (shaft or adit) is into a former, depleted mine. Hitting it will destroy the storage facility.

[Piramidon]

Quote: hrych

Typically, the entrance (shaft or adit) to a former, exhausted mine.

These aren't mines, but natural underground voids at great depths that are explored and utilized. Therefore, such storage facilities are uncommon. Europe has plenty of old mines, but underground storage facilities are not available; Ukrainian ones are used. And they aren't accessed through adits, but by specially drilled boreholes. They're inaccessible on foot.

[hrych]

There are also depleted gas fields suitable for this. But if it's not a mine shaft but a well pipe, then it's a perfect target for the high-precision Kinzhal, with its one-meter deviation.

[Piramidon]

Quote: hrych

There are also developed gas fields for this

Yes, they are used too. But in this case, it's a natural void into which wells were drilled and gas was pumped.

[hrych]

I'm not against Oreshnik, who will plow the area with deepening, but we had something to hit the well with before, but political snot got in the way.

[tsvetahaki]

Quote: AVA77

Can you tell me when the hazelnut tree appeared?

And did the Kalibr, Kinzhal, X-xxx and other missiles, which have no analogues in the world, have problems with the unstable air defense?
Do you think there was a lack of goals in 2022?

[Carib]

It was necessary, but there was nothing to do it with. There were no such weapons. And the world community was not ready.

[musorg]

Where did you talk about this in 2022?

[Nyrobsky]

Quote: Jrvin

This was supposed to be done in 2022... we're still playing at being a brotherly nation...

We didn't have the Oreshnik facility back then, and it's difficult to completely destroy the underground gas storage facility with conventional weapons. The only thing we can do is destroy the above-ground infrastructure responsible for lifting and transporting the gas. While that can be restored quickly, the underground infrastructure is very difficult. The Bandar-logs stored almost half of their entire reserves in this underground gas storage facility, 17 billion cubic meters. And there's still a big question mark over whose gas it was: European gas in storage, or the Bandar-logs' annual reserves for winter. Most likely, it was European gas.

[guest]

Quote: Jrvin

This was supposed to be done in 2022

No, back in 2014.

[bondov]

Putin/RF boldly responds to all Western attacks with blows against its brotherly nation...

[Comrade Beria]

Another strike using an Oreshnik missile system (the previous strike was on Dnipropetrovsk on November 21, 2024) was carried out in the Lviv region. The attack was presumably aimed at a large gas storage facility or its ground infrastructure, but available footage has not yet captured the expected explosion.

While the Ministry of Defence will likely claim it was a "retaliatory strike", this incident cannot be described as an attack on a decision-making centre, similar to the attack on the Supreme Commander's residence. This is likely a long-range combat test (from Astrakhan to Lviv) and a demonstration of capabilities to Rzeszow, Poland, an important NATO logistics hub for Ukraine, which is only 150 kilometers away.

If the damage to a gas storage facility used by many foreign companies is confirmed, it will be possible to speak of continued efforts to turn the war into an economically disadvantageous event for the West.

The psychological effect on domestic audiences is obvious, but it is mitigated by the cascade of resonant world events in the preceding days.

[ZovSailor]

Excellent, Gregory!
It's okay, Konstantin!
All negotiations with the Anglo-Saxons must be conducted from a position of strength, fear, and inevitable retribution, and signed agreements have the force of toilet paper.
Furthermore, following all the events with the start of the Second World War, after the deaths of Russian soldiers and civilians and the continued supply of weapons, to conduct test runs at five border crossings, including the Beskid Tunnel, accidentally hitting Rzeszow, and to publicly apologize, which is not done when testing new weapons.
If we remain weaklings, we will face shame, war and capitulation with such an elite.

[alexoff]

Checkpoints aren't particularly technically complex or valuable. Are you planning to attack the rails there or the border guard booths? Wheel-change stations aren't very well protected; even a geranium would take them.

[nik-mazur]

Quote from alexoff

Wheel change stations are not well protected

On the Ukrainian side, only passenger trains have their wheels changed. Freight trains have their wheels changed in Poland, where the broad gauge extends up to 15 km.

[ARIONkrsk]

Quote from: dmi.pris1

Well, you asked for it? Here it is!

It's strange that the gas didn't explode or burn after the impact.

[alexoff]

Shariy had a video of the glow after landing. And the gas doesn't explode unless mixed with air first. It just burns in the holes.

[topol717]

Quote from ARIONkrsk

It's strange that the gas didn't explode or burn after the impact.

For a gas to explode, its concentration in the air must be between 4 and 12%. That is, there must be very little gas; if there is a lot of it, there will be no explosion.

[guest]

Quote from ARIONkrsk

It's strange that the gas didn't explode or burn after the impact.

Don't trust Hollywood.

[maiman61]

The Bandera supporters are silent, which means the strike was excellent!!! Silence is a request to strike more critical infrastructure!

[Comrade Beria]

Judging by the absence of strategic aviation, this was just a warm-up. There should be a continuation today.

[aszzz888]

Comrade Beria
(Berestov I.Ya.)
+12
Today, 07: 53
Judging by the absence of strategic aviation, this was just a warm-up. There should be a continuation today.

We can not wait!

[guest]

Quote: Comrade Beria

There should be a continuation today.

I am for.

[Vladimir Vladimirovich Vorontsov]

❝ Russia conducted the second combat test of the Oreshnik medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) ❞ —

- Bite on, you conscious ones...

[aszzz888]

Vladimir Vladimirovich Vorontsov
0
Today, 07: 53
❝ Russia conducted the second combat test of the Oreshnik medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) ❞ —

- Bite on, you conscious ones...

They don't have the teeth for that!

[Boniface]

They stuck in beautifully!
Dense and delicious!

[Geosun]

And I see they have light. This is not right!

[Boniface]

The last rays in the dark kingdom

They shine, but they don't warm. slops in a basin..

[Piramidon]

Quote: Geosun

And I see they have light. This is not right!

They've stocked up on emergency generators there. The EU has been supplying them there for a long time. Reports say almost every supermarket has them, not to mention government agencies. And private homes have them, too. The rest of the "conscious" ones constantly recharge their power banks from these sources.

[Xnumx vis]

Quote: Boniface

They stuck in beautifully!
Dense and delicious!

Into the pre-designated "holes." Enjoy, you ukrainian Jews! Eat what you deserve. I'd also hit you in that very hole where Zelensky's rat crew sits.

[Revolver]

First, an old Soviet-era joke about Armenian radio: questions and answers.
People ask us if we're okay with meat. We answer: We're okay with meat, but not so much without it.

Is the gas situation good in/in Ukraine?

[Yuri_I]

People ask us if we have good meat.

Actually, it was a joke about rice and the Chinese.

[tralflot1832]

Quote: Yuri_Ya

Actually, it was a joke about rice and the Chinese.

With light it's good, without light it's bad.

[Montezuma]

Quote: tralflot1832

With light it's good, without light it's bad.

If you turn off the light, it will be dark. (c) Klitschko.

[stels_07]

Run once a year, also without a battery - strange tests

[Andobor]

The only thing that makes sense there is a nuclear one, but with that kinetics, a blank is more powerful than any explosive.

[Comrade Beria]

Experts compared the power of the Oreshnik kinetic warheads with 36 250-kilogram bombs.

[dimon642]

Well, they hit me with "Oreshnik". The idiots gave up.
Orel and Belgorod were left without electricity.

[Tagan]

Well, they hit me with "Oreshnik". The idiots gave up.

Oops! Detonation has occurred. Terrible.))

[Sergej1972]

There's power in Orel. There were problems in several areas due to the cyclone.

[Naum_2]

Finally hit with Oreshnik with a warhead!!!(???)

[Andobor]

Quote: Naum_2

Hazelnut with a warhead!!!(???)

The only combat weapon there could be was nuclear, and with that kinetics, the blanks were more powerful than any explosive.

[Naum_2]

"The Russian Oreshnik missile (presumably a new development based on the RSD-10 Pioneer or similar) can use various types of warheads for different missions: conventional warheads with high-explosive fragmentation, cluster munitions, or other special warheads for strikes against infrastructure, as well as, theoretically, nuclear warheads (single warhead or multiple warheads) for strategic targets." This is from the internet.

[Andobor]

Quote: Naum_2

conventional with high-explosive fragmentation,

I calculated the kinetics, it turns out that any explosive there works like an airbag, essentially softening the impact than a blank.

[Andobor]

Quote: SovietUnit

And there is no point in using explosives that will increase damage tenfold.

The kinetic power there is 10 times stronger than any explosive, the explosive will only weaken the impact, it will "smear" it.

[alexoff]

In principle, if a charge splits the dummy round after penetration, it will fan out into a larger swath of high-velocity fragments. But this would require some testing on a railgun, apparently, to see if it would be effective. They do use a charge in concrete-piercing rounds, though the kinetics there are quite impressive, too.

[Ablet]

Any explosive is voluminous and its density is several times less than the density of a metal, for example, tungsten or depleted uranium.
The volumetric characteristics of the blank certainly influence the speed (medium resistance) and, accordingly, the penetration depth.

[Stas157]

Quote: Andobor

with the kinetics of the blank more powerful any explosives.

No more powerful. Blanks have greater penetrating power, especially when targeting buried and underground gas storage facilities.
A 1,5-ton explosive warhead would have released enormous thermal energy, but with less penetrating power. Destruction would have been rife for hundreds of meters, with fire and shock waves, but without penetrating power.

[Andobor]

Quote: Stas157

The destruction would have been rife for hundreds of meters, with fire and shock waves, but no penetrating effect.

I don't know, the thing is, a penetrating effect isn't needed for UGS facilities. The formations can't be destroyed anyway, as they start at a depth of 400 meters, and production wells are located within a radius of tens of kilometers. The compressor's surface infrastructure, the pipes covering an area of ​​10-15 hectares, need to be destroyed. This:

[KCA]

What kind of warhead do you need on a dumbass flying at Mach 10-15 or more? A 500-kg cast-iron slug will be enough for a bunker buried 100 meters deep. Even if it doesn't penetrate, it'll shake you to smithereens.

[501 Legion]

It hits so tightly, it's simply beautiful. The only question is whether it was fired with a warhead or blanks.

[Mazunga]

It was a great splash))) I wonder if they installed a warhead this time. Now we'll see how our tankers will navigate the seas. Will the "jim-jim" valve in Washington work or not?

[Boniface]

What does the tanker have to do with the attack on the underground storage facility near Lviv?

Is this like beating your wife when your mistress stole your Mercedes?

[Montezuma]

Quote: Come here

Again with blanks((( the effectiveness is low and questionable! how tough we are

Your comment is definitely ineffective and questionable, if not nonexistent. A mediocre attempt at a weak sketch, fails!

[drags33]

Well, we've finally gotten around to the Oreshnik "test"! But the data obtained during the "tests" is incomplete—we must continue. We absolutely must! Science and the people demand it.

[kebeskin]

They should also have projected a hazel grove on the underground bunker... Eh...

[alexputnik17]

The spectacle is mesmerizing.
Actually, there was an article here yesterday that the Yarovsky training ground was a nightmare.

[Huarabey]

The ukrot is instantly exposed in the comments)) According to the same manual on all resources - ""The strike is bullshit (we are not like that), but what about Belgorod and Orel?"" Some messages are completely carbon copies.

[FoBoss_VM]

Am I the only one who thought the entry angles were too sharp? At Yuzhmash, they entered almost vertically, but here it's at a 45-degree angle. At the end of the trajectory and the limit of range? That's interesting.

[Huarabey]

It depends on the camera angle. Or is this just an attempt to suggest a "range limit"?

[FoBoss_VM]

This is not an attempt to throw something out there. It is an attempt to answer a question, and nothing more.

[Huarabey]

So you don't understand that it's impossible to answer this question of yours by looking at a video online, even simply because the shooting angle is unknown?

[FoBoss_VM]

The answer has already been given below, don't worry so much.

[Huarabey]

So it's you who's worried, not me. For some reason, you're seriously concerned about Oreshnik's "outage" and "range limit."

[alexoff]

The range there is twice as long, over 2 km. They could have also tested the thrust cutoff system, shutting down the engine for a shorter flight. And they crashed into Dnepropetrovsk with maximum power, flying from maximum altitude.

[FoBoss_VM]

Well, that clears things up, thanks. Someone up here already seemed to be imagining some kind of attempt at throwing something out there.

[alexoff]

Well, actually, if you look at it, it falls at an angle of 60 degrees, if not more. 2000 km is almost half the range, with a maximum of 5 thousand, that's how it should be.

[Livonetc]

It is time to completely and systematically destroy the leaders of the ruins.
By and large, even members of the criminal council are accomplices to mass murder.
Even just for the Trade Union House and the lack of attempts to investigate and bring to justice.

[mad-max78]

Why is there no video of burning gas escaping from the underground storage facility? Was the underground storage facility destroyed after landing or not?

[Andy_nsk]

Why is there no video of burning gas escaping from the underground storage facility? Was the underground storage facility destroyed after landing or not?

I don't think so. And I doubt the strike hit the underground gas storage facility.
I've explained what a UGS facility is several times on this site. It bears repeating. A UGS facility is a porous geological formation (such as sandstone) located at depths of 400 to 2000 meters. Numerous wells, spaced 250 to 500 meters apart, are drilled and lined with pipes from the surface down to the formation. Above ground, there are only gas fittings, pumps, and other low-value equipment, which would be too costly to damage. Perhaps only with cheap drones, not a ballistic missile.

[Huarabey]

There's no need to destroy the storage facility itself. It's enough to destroy its infrastructure so that the gas can no longer be used.

[Andy_nsk]

There's no need to destroy the storage facility itself. It's enough to destroy its infrastructure so that the gas can no longer be used.

How?

[cpls22]

Quote from Andy_nsk

How?

It's possible that the seismic wave, upon arrival, damages infrastructure from the inside rather than the outside—a kind of hydraulic shock.

[Andy_nsk]

Perhaps one or two pipes will burst, perhaps a fire will start. There will be some damage... But the magnitude of the damage compared to the cost of a ballistic missile is laughable... It's easier and cheaper to treat with geraniums. A dozen geraniums will cause more damage if they hit wellheads, compressor stations, etc.

[cpls22]

Quote from Andy_nsk

Perhaps one or two pipes will burst, perhaps a fire will start. There will be some damage... But the magnitude of the damage compared to the cost of a ballistic missile is laughable... It's easier and cheaper to treat with geraniums. A dozen geraniums will cause more damage if they hit wellheads, compressor stations, etc.

It's true with Geraniums, but they're much easier to intercept there. As for the extent of damage from Hazelnut, it's hard to say for sure, as its use is just beginning, and there's no reliable data. Someone downvoted it, so I corrected it.

[Andy_nsk]

Someone gave me a minus, I corrected it.

Thanks, of course. However, I'm already at that age when people don't play stupid games with downvotes anymore.
If you disagree, express your disagreement in words. It's fair and understandable.

[cpls22]

Quote from Andy_nsk

If you disagree, express your disagreement in words. It's fair and understandable.

[Andy_nsk]

Following a strike by the Russian Armed Forces using an Oreshnik missile system in the village of Rudne in Lviv Oblast, Ukraine, an automatic gas safety system was activated, temporarily cutting off gas supply to 376 customers on several streets. This is how Lviv Mayor Andriy Sadovyi explained the gas outage in his Telegram channel.

[cpls22]

Quote from Andy_nsk

gas supply was temporarily cut off

Let's see how long this "temporary" is for.

[PN]

It’s still interesting, what did the local residents actually hear: explosions (even though they were dummy bombs without warheads) or a shock wave (like from a supersonic plane passing by)?
I still think they heard the sound wave from the warheads flying past.

[Naum_2]

Estimated estimate:
"300 Oreshnik MRBMs are equivalent to 0,6 to 10,5 (!) kilotons of TNT" (https://topwar.ru/255562-brsd-oreshnik-ne-jadernyj-nu-mozhet-byt-chut-chut.html)
Therefore, even a kinetic strike by Orshnik with one rocket is the equivalent of 2 to 35 tons of TNT!!!

[stels_07]

Now, in another year, will we remember Orek?

[Naum_2]

The gas is under high pressure. Should there be tall flames? Can anyone tell me?

[PN]

So far, there is a photo online of a strong glow in the sky, indicating that something is burning there.
I hope the locals will post photos from the landing site online)))

[Yuri L]

I wonder if the underground storage facility's vault has been breached? We urgently need photos for the studio to indoctrinate the Enemy. Otherwise, the Russian Ministry of Defense hasn't had any reliable photos of the Oreshnik missile's use in Dnipropetrovsk. If Ukraine had used the Oreshnik missile, believe me, the next day, the world's media would be flooded with satellite and then regular photos of the aftermath. And apparently, our photos are so secret that we can't show them to anyone, even ourselves, but we need to scare the Enemy with the Word. And all the authors of these posts have been scaring the Enemy and its owners with the Oreshnik missile for a year now. If we believe the photos of what exists, the Oreshnik missile's conventional warhead doesn't explode with much force. Until that very tunnel, ChZ-417, under the street, is sealed. At Shelkovichnaya in Kyiv (92 meters deep), where a nest of Ukrainian fascist rats has been established, "Oreshnik" is as far away as Beijing in this very position. That's why the Main Rat fears nothing, including "Oreshnik." It turns out its only usefulness is in the context of the Security Council. But our government has never had, and never will have, the will to use such a "Oreshnik." Or is that not true?

[Tourist]

The pgh has no vault.
These are natural porous formations where gas is injected and then withdrawn as needed.
It is impossible to destroy the UHF itself, but the above-ground infrastructure of the well, pipes, and pumps can be destroyed; we will find out soon.

[Yuri L]

And remember how they extinguished the persistent gas flare at Gazli in 1966? There were gas pockets there too. But... they extinguished it using a nuclear blast. It was only 30 kilotons. Oreshnik is estimated to have 7,5 tons. 4000 times less. So how do you use a firecracker to blow off a gas storage facility?

[Viktor fm]

They wanted the best, but it turned out as always.

[Last centurion]

I'm satisfied with what I saw. I need to continue testing. Monthly, maybe more often.

[Dmitry Smirnov_2]

I can just imagine Erdogan laughing in his palace, watching the Slavs extinguish each other's oil and gas reserves. As the saying goes, if you stare at the Black Sea for too long, one day the corpses of your enemies will float across it.

[Broad flag]

Quote from Andy_nsk

There's no need to destroy the storage facility itself. It's enough to destroy its infrastructure so that the gas can no longer be used.

How?

Formation shear, to crush/cut off the casing and tubing. But to achieve this, you need to use real BCs, not blanks.
Since you're in the oil/gas industry, you probably know the method for extinguishing a flare using the aforementioned method.

[Broad flag]

Quote: stels_07

Now, in another year, will we remember Orek?

Yes, until they scrape up the required amount of match sulfur again...

[Alexfly]

When will we start paying for the tankers? What's the big deal? Let's make the beautiful port of Odessa a landlocked one!

[cmax]

Good news! I hope they actually destroyed or damaged what they planned to destroy!

[Sawa]

And these Bandar-logs left half a million residents of the Belgorod region without electricity and heat with simple missiles. ...

[Remember]

Belgorod is not Moscow, it’s something else.

[nik-mazur]

Quote: Savva

Bandar-logs left half a million residents of the Belgorod region without power and heat using simple missiles

And some marginalized people, using simple matches, left half of Berlin without power and heat. So what follows from this?

[Remember]

Why are the guys dying if there are such weapons? Isn't it time to end this operation?

[easy]

Here's some horseradish in tomato sauce. Did you order delivery? - Take it and sign for it. It's still much better than pounding Russian Odessa. Better closer to the West, there are plenty of targets there, hit as hard as you want.

[GueST90]

Did we really wait for this? I'm just afraid the next time will be in a year.

[Sansan]

WHAT ARE THE LIGHTS BURNING THERE? ON THE LIGHT POSTS?

[Kmet]

On the supports. The poles are wooden, and this one is concrete. It's on fire, judging by the video. While the light is on and the camera is recording (otherwise there wouldn't be a video). What's the point? Well, it'll "wind up" the meter—more losses.

[Romanenko]

The main thing is not to stop, there are still more goals

[Word]

One thing is clear, the UGS itself is not damaged, it is simply sealed due to damage to the valves, valves, etc.
We need to wait for real information.

[Pravodel]

Russia conducted the second combat test of the Oreshnik IRBM.

Now it should be clear to everyone in Europe and elsewhere that Russia has a magic flute with hazel holes, capable of destroying an entire army of rats.

[Ferdinant]

What enemies? Enemies in the minds of fools, not in the minds of those who are smart. Both Russia and Ukraine have made countless mistakes, driven by the greed of those at the top. In 2023, I spoke with the Ukrainian Armed Forces' personnel officer, telling him I'd shoot Zelensky with my own hands.

[Ferdinant]

That's a lot of money to buy someone in excess at the time.