Far Eastern Kronstadt

51
Few people know what about. Russian with its famous batteries and forts had several names. One of his first names was in honor of the military governor of the Primorye Region, Kazakevich P.V. In memory of the geographical discoveries of Russian sailors in the Pacific, the governor-general of Eastern Siberia Muraviev-Amursky N.N., called it Russian. It was at the island and another name - Far Eastern Kronstadt.







In 1889, Vladivostok, together with Fr. Russian, was declared a sea fortress. And with 1890, the construction of fortifications, artillery batteries, ammunition depots, hospitals, barracks began on the island. It should be noted that the existing roads were built before the 1910 year, and their length is about 280 km.

In Soviet times, the island was closed, and had access control. Currently, a cable-stayed bridge has been laid before it, which has no analogues in the world. In a few minutes you can reach it from the city, to the coast of the island.

Here are some famous structures. Fort Pospelovsky, Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy. Fort number 12 has the name of Grand Duke Vladimir the Holy. It stands out for its location and layout, and its appearance is in the shape of butterfly wings. The embrasures themselves are made in the form of an ellipse, which is rare.

But the most famous and unique is the Voroshilov battery, built by the 30 years of the last century. There are no analogues in the world. A similar battery was available only in Sevastopol. The speakers on the surface of the tower of this battery are amazingly powerful and inaccessible. One cannon shell weighs about 470 kg. According to reliable sources, it was established that it was the Voroshilov battery that made the Japanese admirals think about the impossibility of the passage of warships to the city of Vladivostok and its shelling from cannons.

It’s quite obvious to us that the safety of these structures for posterity has an important architectural historical value.
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  1. +19
    April 17 2013 08: 57
    The battery is considered to be valid, until recently, planned firing was carried out, about which the museum has corresponding stands for firing schedules.
    1. +1
      April 17 2013 14: 27
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        April 17 2013 14: 27
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    2. Containers
      +1
      April 17 2013 19: 51
      As they wrote somewhere - no volley fire has been fired lately, because glass from the salvo of these "logs" in neighboring settlements flew out. =)
  2. +7
    April 17 2013 08: 59
    And in profile. soldier
    1. 0
      April 17 2013 09: 04
      The cellar. A whole garrison underground.
    2. +3
      April 17 2013 09: 09
      The cellar. A whole garrison underground.
      1. +1
        April 17 2013 14: 29
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          April 17 2013 14: 29
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            April 17 2013 14: 30
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  3. avt
    +9
    April 17 2013 09: 17
    Well, somehow it will not be enough. And not an article or a photo story request The theme is decent, it would be more serious.
    1. +5
      April 17 2013 09: 30
      I agree. I accept. Infa will be expanded.
      1. +3
        April 17 2013 09: 50
        Yeah, expand the info is not hack)
    2. +1
      April 20 2013 03: 16
      The additional article is written, but it is in the "personal account", for some reason it does not come out for general review. I apologize.
  4. fenix57
    +5
    April 17 2013 09: 49
    The coastal battery "Grand Duchess" No. 369 (No. XVII).
    The author of the project is a military engineer F.D.Shabanov. It was built in 1909-1913.
    It is designed for four 10-inch coastal guns of the sample of 1895. The position of the main caliber with four gun courtyards, 30 casemates and an under-chest gallery, three temporary cellars has been preserved. On the facade of the parapet (on the left flank) a kyot niche for the icon has been preserved.
    In January 1911, in order No. 38 on the Vladivostok fortress, it was reported: “Sovereign Emperor, on the 6th day of January 1910, the Highest commanded deigned to name the battery of the Vladivostok fortress located on the Russian island and built by the labors of the 3rd Vladivostok fortress artillery of His Imperial Highnesses of Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich regiment - battery of His Imperial Highness Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich ... ". This abbreviation was assigned the abbreviated name "Grand Duke". Full: http: //kfss.ru/index.php/objekts/67-ba369
  5. +2
    April 17 2013 10: 22
    "... it was established that it was the Voroshilov battery that made the Japanese admirals think about the impossibility of the passage of warships to the city of Vladivostok" ...

    Did I read it right? winked
    It was the Voroshilov battery that made the Japanese refuse to enter the war with the USSR in 1941.
    1. +1
      April 17 2013 11: 11
      The Japanese had two lobbies: land and sea. Land insisted on a war with the USSR, naval in a southerly direction (Indochina, Australia). Various options were worked out and the presence of fortifications on the island played an important role in their assessment. Russian.
      1. +3
        April 17 2013 12: 55
        Quote: Skuto
        The Japanese had two lobbies: land and sea ....

        Both lobbies agreed on one thing - the continuation of the war and the chosen policy directly depends on the availability of oil reserves, which Japan did not have. And it was, within reach, only in the East Indies.
      2. shpuntik
        0
        5 December 2013 11: 00
        Skuto RU April 17, 2013 11:11 ↑
        Various options were worked out and the presence of fortifications on the island played an important role in their assessment. Russian.

        Every square is shot there. Hit comes from the 1st, 2nd shots. The ship breaks down with rhinestones, and can drown from one plop.
    2. 0
      April 17 2013 14: 04
      The author did not quite understand what a mine-artillery position is.
      And the only submarine at that time broke down - the Japanese did not take it into account.
      The article is suitable for the newspaper "KP". Tourists will be delighted.
  6. +5
    April 17 2013 10: 46
    Fortress of Russia No. 3 is a very detailed description of the construction, operation.
    1. +3
      April 17 2013 11: 24
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        April 17 2013 11: 25
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          April 17 2013 14: 47
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              April 17 2013 14: 48
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              April 17 2013 14: 48
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              1. +4
                April 17 2013 14: 49
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                  April 17 2013 14: 50
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                    April 17 2013 14: 50
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  7. +6
    April 17 2013 11: 46
    Vladivostok, the strongest naval fortress in the world, is Russia's stronghold in the Far East!
    PS "a fortress that will not have to make a single shot during the whole war because the enemy considers it unprofitable for itself to compete with it will best fulfill its task." Nikolai Klado, naval theorist.
  8. stroporez
    +3
    April 17 2013 13: 14
    Super !!!! Why do we have almost on all channels rasskazyayut what "cool" Abrams tank or aircraft carrier Interprise ??? that's cho nada to show the kids !!!!!!!!!
  9. SIT
    +4
    April 17 2013 13: 49
    Judging by the drawing, the Voroshilov battery is the same project as the 35th battery of Sevastopol. The dam between the towers is only much longer than in Sevastopol. It is unlikely that of course 6 guns of caliber 305mm could stop the imperial fleet, where only Yamato and Musashi had 9 guns of the main gun caliber of 460mm. Shot range 305mm guns 35km, maximum 40km. Yamato and Musashi could fire at a distance of 42km. If you still take into account hundreds of dive bombers from aircraft carriers, then the chances of the battery surviving are minimal.
    I would like to ask the author about one story that went in Vladivostok. Locals claimed that from the Egerscheld peninsula on about. Russian is a tunnel through which electric trolleys go. Is there any real information about such a structure?
    1. 0
      April 17 2013 15: 11

      Yes, there were such rumors, but documented, at least in the public domain, this is not.
      1. not good
        0
        April 17 2013 22: 50
        There is no complete map of the underground communications of the naval base of the city of Vladivostok even in secret archives. Part of the underground passages were concreted in Soviet times. And to restore the real picture, more than a dozen stalkers are needed, and the military will not let strangers into their facilities and they will not climb up, and suddenly PE who will answer.
    2. Containers
      +1
      April 17 2013 20: 00
      Spread over 42 km - it will be something. The effective range is important - the batteries of Cape Tserel quite successfully drove the dreadnought, against the bombers - anti-aircraft artillery, etc. In general, to roll out this battery of forces would require a disproportionate amount. Could not stop, yes. But the golovnyachka would be thrown.
      1. +1
        April 18 2013 01: 34
        The Svorbe battery compound (including the Tserel metro station) defended the narrow and elongated fairway of the small and difficult-to-navigate Irben, which, moreover, were densely filled with mines! The means of the Kaiser's fleet in the Baltic in 1917 are incomparable with the capabilities of the Japanese in 1941. Remember now the water area in the vicinity of Vladivostok! So the comparison is not correct! But this is not the most important thing! For the Germans, the trajectory of Irbena - the Gulf of Riga - Moonsund is the optimal route to the Gulf of Finland and Petrograd in the conditions of the inaccessibility of the "Peter the Great Fortress", but why would the Japanese have to break through with a fleet to Vladivostok? He filled up the straits with mines, fenced off with nets, set up guarding with destroyers and ... and that's all, taking into account the capabilities of the Pacific Fleet of that period! And then it was easier for the Kwantung army to reach Vladivostok, only how long it could go on (I mean the siege of the city) the Japanese remembered from Port Arthur, and how it would end - from the time of Hasan and Khalkhin Gol !!! So to break through to Vladivostok ... It's only if you get drunk!)))
    3. 0
      April 17 2013 20: 09
      Napoleon once declared: "I prefer one gun on the shore to ten guns on the ship."
  10. +6
    April 17 2013 14: 05
    In any case, there are few cases of successful confrontation between an artillery ship and coastal forts and fortresses. As far as I know, the only case when the fortress fell under the blows of the fleet is the famous Sinop battle.
    I do not think that the fortress on Russky Island should have acted without fighter cover and heavily fortified anti-aircraft positions. I also do not think that the 460-mm guns of the imperial superlinkors at extreme range were accurate. Apparently, the Japanese leadership reasoned about the same and as a result reasonably abandoned this crazy undertaking.
    The fortress of Corregidor is one thing, under the protection of the moody British and Australians. The Russian fortress with a powerful garrison of "black jackets" is another matter.
    1. SIT
      +1
      April 17 2013 22: 41
      Quote: Iraclius
      In any case, there are few cases of successful confrontation between an artillery ship and coastal forts and fortresses

      The capture of Father Corfu by the squadron of F. Ushakov.
  11. zemlyak
    +3
    April 17 2013 15: 06
    It’s time for the Primorye people to release a book about coastal fortifications, batteries of Russky Island and other islands, the city of Vladivostok from the founding of the city to the present day. Walk along all the bays and hills, because each hill had a fort, an artillery battery, and there were underground plants on the production of ammunition, etc. Separately, you can distinguish the fleet and aviation, the composition where they stood, were repaired, and landfills. Raise archives, maps, schemes, modern photos (satellite), in general, no end of work.
  12. 0
    April 17 2013 15: 34
    besides the museum there are many abandoned mounts
  13. +2
    April 17 2013 15: 36
    or here ----
  14. 0
    April 17 2013 15: 37
    and further--------------
  15. 0
    April 17 2013 15: 38
    massiveness is impressive
  16. +1
    April 17 2013 15: 39
    and just beautiful places there
  17. 0
    April 17 2013 15: 43
    And this is the fortress of Vladivostok in the museum itself, who can tell what the emblem is?
  18. galiullinrasim
    +2
    April 17 2013 17: 34
    it would be necessary to put all this in order and then drive all sorts of Georopeians and people. let them look and think if this happened then what now is what?
  19. +3
    April 17 2013 17: 52
    put in order and at least bring their youth and show how strong Russia was
  20. +2
    April 17 2013 20: 29
    In 1976, I had to serve for six months on Russky Island, at the School of Arms, on Pospelovo. I had a chance to visit the Pospelovsky Fort, or rather, then, its ruins. Indeed, the scale and grandeur of the structures were amazing.
    Now, on the site of the training detachment, there are only ruins, but there were barracks, training rooms of the XNUMXth century! Could be useful for something necessary, useful. Verily, what we have is not stored!
  21. +4
    April 17 2013 21: 33
    To destroy coastal batteries with artillery of ships to the Japanese was almost impossible, even if only because of the impossibility of a qualitative adjustment of fire. And the probability of hitting the tower is extremely low. And it was possible to hit the tower of the Voroshilov battery only by direct hit of a large-caliber bomb (unfortunately, I don’t remember which one). And while the batteries were efficient, the Japanese could hardly get to Vladivostok - there was only a narrow fairway, a dead zone.
  22. 0
    April 17 2013 21: 37
    I think they would try to "solve" this "problem" by China ...
  23. +1
    April 18 2013 06: 23
    Quote: avt
    Well, somehow it will not be enough. And not an article or a photo story. The topic is decent, it would be more serious.

    Quote: aszzz888
    I agree. I accept. Infa will be expanded.

    Quote: Hemi Cuda
    Yeah, expand the info is not hack)

    One cannon shell weighs about 470 kg.
    Do not call a gun a gun! The cannon can be seen at the Museum of Local Lore. Grodekovo in the city of Khabarovsk - date of manufacture mid-17th century ...
  24. smershspy
    +2
    2 May 2013 16: 53
    Very interesting article! Thanks!
  25. Ivan-717
    0
    13 February 2014 16: 42
    were able to build, not like now ....

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