With a red star on the armor

55
With a red star on the armorIn 1942, mass deliveries of auto and armored vehicles to the USSR began under Lend-Lease. Thousands of American, English, Canadian tanks, trucks, jeeps and motorcycles began to enter the arsenal of the Red Army. This actually helped re-motorize the Soviet troops, make up for the heavy losses of the summer-fall of 1941, and begin to form new tank and mechanized formations. And although tank Lend-Lease did not exceed 13% of Soviet production, deliveries on one of the types of armored vehicles made up 100%.

We are talking about allied wheeled, tracked and semi-tracked armored personnel carriers.

On September 15, a British reconnaissance aircraft flying to the rear of the 1916, flying around the Somme River, immediately got into the world press: "The tank is moving along the main street of the Fleur village, and the British soldiers are following him in a good mood." It was a tank MK-1.

32 his fellow attacked the Germans and managed to advance during the day into the depths of the German defense at 5 km, and the British losses were X times less than normal. So a new formidable appeared during the First World War. weapon. Its psychological effect was impossible to overestimate, but it soon became clear that the interaction of tanks with infantry suffered greatly. The infantrymen did not have time for the tanks on the ground pitted with craters, the infantry was cut off with machine gun and artillery fire, it suffered heavy losses.

The soldiers had to somehow cover with armor and "deliver" to the enemy trenches, where they would act independently, securing success and covering the tanks. Therefore, the command of the British tank corps after the battle of Cambrai in November 1917 ordered and a tank of a special design - the carrier of the infantry.

First in stories The armored personnel carrier was named MK-9. It was based on the design of the first tank MK-1, from which dismantled weapons and airborne sponsons. The body was slightly extended, having placed on each side two oval-shaped doors with hatches for rifle shooting. The machine could take on board up to 30 infantry or 10 tons of cargo. According to modern classification, it was a heavy armored personnel carrier, but with anti-bullet reservation. A total of about 35 of such machines were released, but they did not have time to take part in the hostilities before signing a truce.

The massive use of tanks led to the formation of armored weapons. During the largest tank battle of the First World, Amiens 1918 operation of the year, the Allies had already expanded the "assortment" and used transporters, radio tanks, bridge laying tanks, engineering fencing tanks, tanks - artillery guns.

The new model of the tank MK-5 due to its size has already allowed itself to take on board a small landing force. During the Amiens operation, the MK-5 tanks delivered two Lewis machine guns and two Hotchiss machine guns to the frontier boundaries, along with calculations that, after landing from the tank, reflected German counterattacks.

The tanks in this battle repeatedly had to return and clean up the enemy’s trenches again, dragging the infantry behind him. They radically changed the general character of the battle, provided that they were massive, they were suddenly used on a wide front with depth separation. But the tanks needed the support of artillery to suppress the fire of enemy guns and the fire of anti-tank guns; it was necessary to accompany the infantry, which would provide security and occupied the terrain; required sappers to overcome obstacles; necessary were motorized intelligence and service of the rear. It became obvious that all these units should be included in the composition of armored forces. But also other branches of the troops could not successfully interact with tanks without mechanized vehicles ...

British way

The initiative to develop the mechanized forces in the 20 – 30's belonged to England. Supporters of mechanization in the British army, generals B. Liddel Garth, J. Martel, D. Fuller, proposed strengthening armor units with infantry and artillery on special armored vehicles and fully mechanizing the communications, rear, reconnaissance and sappers service. But opinions are divided. Some reputable military believed that large mixed compounds were needed, where tanks would operate with the support of other branches of the military, other equally authoritative experts insisted on complete mechanization, in which the connections would consist only of tanks and armored vehicles. Incidentally, the latter direction was adopted by the leadership of the Red Army.

In 1927, the first tactical alliance in history, using only internal combustion engines, is formed on the British military test site Salisbury Plain. It was called the experimental mechanized brigade. At the exercises, it soon became clear that wheeled vehicles could not accompany tanks on rough terrain. It was necessary to revise the requirements for auxiliary tracked vehicles, such as armored machine gun, armored gun transporter, armored supply conveyor and infantry.

And at the end of 1928, a car appeared that had a huge impact on the development of light armored vehicles around the world. This is a wedge of the British engineer D. Cardin and his partner in the company of V. Lloyd "Cardin-Lloyd MC-6", which has taken root in many countries and in many modifications. The experience of using tankettes allowed the designers of the Vickers-Armstrong company to start building conveyors for the new machine guns: the heavy Vickers and the light Bren, which did not go into the series of the Vickers-Cardin-Lloyd amphibious tank in 1936. The lightly armored car (10 mm) with a 3,7 tonne and 1,58 m height, which was open at the top, had a 8-cylinder carburetor engine with 60 – 85 hp, which allowed it to reach speeds of 48 – 180 kilometers. Her armament was 225 – 1 machine gun and 2-mm anti-tank gun “Boyce”, and the crew - depending on the modification of 14 – 2 man, landing - 3 – 3. Due to the low ground pressure of the order of 4 kg / cm0,45, the armored personnel carrier had a high maneuverability.

In 1937, the car was named the “Universal-Carrier” and became the first and most popular lightweight multi-purpose tracked armored personnel carrier of the Second World War. He was the main armored personnel carrier of the British Commonwealth, by the year 1945 was released in England around 57 000 units, in Canada - 29 000 units, in Australia - approx. 5000 units, in New Zealand - about. 1300, in the USA - about. 20000 units. The number of its modifications was just as numerous. These include an armored personnel carrier of infantry units, a carrier of weapons, an ammunition carrier, an artillery tractor, a reconnaissance vehicle, a flamethrower, an ambulance car, etc.

The first of these machines in the English army were armed reconnaissance (former cavalry) regiments in which there were 28 light tanks and 44 armored personnel carriers. The British Expeditionary Force in France in May 1940 included 7 such regiments (308 units plus 31 units in tank units). But the British almost lost all of these machines mainly in the Dunkirk area.

These cars were the first to be sent under Lend-Lease to the USSR. 1941 units arrived in 330, 1942 in 903, 1943 in 408, 1944 in 351, 1945 units in 16 g. In total, the 2008 armored personnel carriers, both English and Canadian, were received during the war years.

"Polutank"

“Poluutank” or “Russian type of tank” - this is how Austrian major Fritz Heigl put it in his very popular then reference book “Tanks” of the 1936 release of the half-tracked armored car of the First World War “Austin Kegres”.

The design of the propeller of an armored car was patented as early as 1914 by the head of the technical part of the imperial garage and at the same time the personal driver of Nicholas II, the French-Russian engineer Adolf Kegres. In cross-country and speed, this armored car even surpassed the first British and French tanks. After emigrating from Russia in 1917, Kegres sold his invention to the French company Citroën, and it quickly found its use in Europe.

The semi-tracked type of propulsion unit made it possible to get rid of the high cost and low-speed nature of the tracked propulsion unit and at the same time gave the wheeled vehicle a good throughput. The constructive simplicity was also important, because in the wheeled car only the rear axle was replaced with a tracked propulsion unit.

Germany, who had experience of using them in the First World War, showed a keen interest in this type of machine. Under the Versailles Treaty, Germany was forbidden to have combat armored tracked vehicles, so the Germans focused on the problem of the future motorization of the army. Thanks to experimental experiments in the middle of 20-s, they came to the conclusion that it was necessary to adopt a system of half-track tractors with a pull force of 1, 3, 5, 8, 12, 18. With 1934, this program began to be implemented. From that time until 1945, more than 50 thousand tractors of all types were produced in Germany.

Influenced by the works of the tank war theorists L. Eymansberger and G. Guderian, “Tank War” (1934) and “Attention, Tanks!” (1937), a program was developed in the country to create a universal medium armored personnel carrier for the transportation of an infantry unit and a lighter half of the unit. These are armored personnel carriers of the Sd.Kfz family. 251 and Sd.Kfz.250, for the production of which were used bases of semi-tracked tractor: the three-ton Sd.Kfz.11 (firm "Hanomag") and one-color Sd.Kfz.10 (firm "Demag"). It was these machines that became the hallmark of the German Panzergrenadiers in World War II, more than 22 thousand units were produced and more than 40 modifications. The first one was launched into production in 1938, the second in the fall of 1940.

The Germans began the war in Poland, having only 68 Sd.Kfz.251, and during the occupation of France - no more than 300. Later they tried to equip one battalion in a tank division with armored personnel carriers, less often a regiment. Note that by state in the 1935 in the German tank division it was necessary to have an 421 armored personnel carrier, although such was not even created on paper !!!


"Arsenal of democracy"

The success of the blitzkrieg in the summer of 1940, the advantage in mobility and security of the Wehrmacht's motorized infantry forced the military across the ocean to think seriously. The rudimentary American tank forces demanded urgent modernization ... and motorization. The main autospring of the world should decide what type of armored vehicles to equip their army and what types to launch into production in order to truly become an “arsenal of democracy”.

And although the Americans were working on semi-tracked machines, or, as they called them, “half-trucks” since 1932, when they acquired the French chassis Citroen Kegres С417, first of all, the mass production of 1941 was launched wheeled armored reconnaissance company "White" M3 A1 "scout", manufactured in small lots with 1937 of machine weight 5,62 out with straight-six engine power carbureted 110 hp and wheel formula 4 h4 developed speed freeway 81 km / h with a margin travel up to 400 km. Equipped with armor in 12 mm and armed with one 12,7-mm and one 7,7-mm Browning machine guns, it had one-person crew and troops from 5 – 7. The machine was used as a reconnaissance patrol, command and staff, sanitary, carrier mortar, light armored personnel carrier and light gun tractor.

Scouts from 1942 were in service with reconnaissance battalions of infantry, tank divisions and armored cavalry units. Total 1941 – 1944 20994 scouts were released. These armored personnel carriers were actively supplied under Lend-Lease (11 thousand units). Starting in 1942, the Soviet Union received 3034 machines.

Diamond T Motor Company, using the hood and driver’s cab of the M3 A1 Scout armored personnel carrier, the units from the Ford v 8 truck with the 4 x2 wheel formula and the Timken rubber-track caterpillar, which has become a bulky, half-glazed, white, black and white color piece, and has a piece of black and white color, one of the white, lightly, and the black, one of the white, lightly and the black, lightly-colored and the black, lightly colored letter, is one of the kindy and the black, one of the kind of white and the black, you can get a piece of the black and the black letter, and the one in black and the black, is the year one's black and the same year's body of the black and the black letter, and the black and white letter and the black letter. truck car "and armored semi-tracked armored vehicle M2" Half-truck Personel Carrier ". Machines of the same type did not significantly differ in weight (М3 – 2 –8 t; М98 – 3 t), length (М9,06 was 3 mm longer), crew (М250 – 2 people, М2 – 3 people), landing party (MXNXX people), landing party (MXNXX people, М3 – 2 people), landing party (MXNXX people, М7 – 3 people), landing party (MXNXX people) ., М10 – 3 people.), And М13 had a stern hatch for the landing of troops. Otherwise, they had the same armor (1 mm), armament (12,7 x1 and 7,7 x147-mm machine guns), both axles, six-cylinder carburetor engine power 72 l / s with a power reserve of 321 km .

In the autumn of 1940, both cars were put into service and launched into the series. Total 1941 – 1945 The M2 was released in all versions of more than 13 thousand units, and the M3 and its more improved version of the M5 and М9 in all versions - more than 31 thousand units, becoming the most massive semi-tracked armored personnel carriers of the Second World War.

In all parts of the American tank division, there must have been as many 733 “half-tracks” (!). “Half-trucks” were also supplied under Lend-Lease to various countries, including the USSR, but not so many: 1158 machines in total, including МХNUMX – 2, М342 – 3, М2 A – 5, М401– 9 units. True, several types of self-propelled artillery systems based on half-tracks were delivered to the Soviet Union. These were the 413-mm anti-tank ACS based on the M57-T3, which received the designation SU-48 (57 units) in the Red Army; 650-mm anti-aircraft gun based on the M37-m3 (15 units); 100-mm quadruple machine-gun anti-aircraft SAU based on the M12,7-m5 (17 units.)

Red Army. Own way

Having joined the "Tank Club" later than its other participants, the USSR began to quickly catch up. The forced industrialization of the country allowed the creation of a powerful tank industry.

It was a qualitative leap in tank building that pushed a group of Soviet military theorists V. K. Triandafilova, K. B. Kalinovsky, S. N. Ammosova to develop the concept of “deep offensive operation”, which envisaged the massive use of mechanized troops in critical areas. Already in 1932, the first mechanized corps was formed, which included about 500 tanks and 200 vehicles. Without a doubt, in the period from 1933 to 1937, the Red Army, on the initiative of Marshal M.N. Tukhachevsky and his associates, was in the wake of the issues of theory and combat use of tank forces, as well as operational and tactical use of the armed forces as a whole. This is confirmed by the large-scale maneuvers of the Red Army in 1935 in Ukraine and 1936 in Belarus.

By the end of the 1937, the Red Army had 4 tank corps, 24 separate light and 4 separate heavy tank brigades and 3 separate armored brigades. Alas, the huge armada in 17 thousand tanks and armored vehicles did not have a single armored personnel carrier. This was caused by the presence of a serious cavalry lobby, relying on the experience of the Civil War and advocating the use of horse-mechanized groups (by the way, they justified themselves during the Second World War). Of course, the repressions that practically destroyed the leadership of the armored forces, as well as the erroneous conclusions from the war in Spain, played their negative role. And besides, clearly the developers of domestic armored personnel carriers could not boast of success.

In the middle of 30's. On the basis of the serial light tank T-26, prototype TR-26 and TP-4 vehicles were built on the paratroopers 14 and 15, respectively. Machines were weighted and extremely uncomfortable for the landing. As a result, they were not adopted. Also unsuccessful was the design of the wheeled sanitary transport armored personnel carrier B-22 to the Gaz-AAA base, created in 1938.

A more successful step in the development of light armored vehicles in the pre-war years was the Komsomolets armored artillery tracked T-1937 tracked in 20, which was produced before the 1941 in 7780 machines. This vehicle, based on the T-38 tank, weighing 3,5 tons, had armor in 10 mm, was armed with a DT machine gun and developed speed in 50 km / h with a power reserve of 250 km, could carry 6 crew members and two crew members. Komsomolets tractors allowed for the most part to motorize anti-tank, battalion and regimental artillery. But the Red Army entered the war without having its own armored personnel carrier, and this made it necessary to massively use a tank landing force on armor ...

With a red star on the armor

The first Lend-Lease armored personnel carriers began to arrive in the USSR in the autumn of 1941, the English, and from 1942, American vehicles passed through the armored vehicles acceptance departments, first in Arkhangelsk and Murmansk, then in Baku and Vladivostok, and by the end of the war and in Odessa. In March, the 1942-th separate training tank regiment for training crews of armored personnel carriers of all types was created in Uryupinsk in March, which was later transferred to Ryazan. The 20-e Saratov school of armored vehicles and armored personnel carriers was focused on training the command and technical staff. Crews for SAU T3, М48, М15 passed special training. The armored personnel carriers were repaired mainly at the repair base No. 17 in Moscow.

The first armored personnel carriers (British "Universals") got into combat units before the beginning of the counteroffensive near Moscow. As a rule, they entered service with the reconnaissance companies of tank brigades using 3 – 10 machines. Later, they were in service with the reconnaissance and motorcycle battalions of tank and mechanized corps, and in some cases, individual motorcycle regiments of tank armies (5 units).
By May 1945, as part of the Red Army, there were 11 separate regiments and a 41 motorcycle battalion, in varying degrees staffed with imported armored personnel carriers. For example, the 91 separate motorcycle battalion of the 19 of the Perekop Tank Corps included the Valentine 2, 10 BA-64 and 10 armored vehicles of the Universal Carrier armored personnel carriers.

The armored personnel carrier won the respect of Soviet soldiers for reliability, maneuverability and maneuverability. Often Soviet weapons were installed on these vehicles: DT, DShK machine guns, anti-tank guns and anti-tank guns.

The most famous case of the combat use of "universals" occurred at the end of 1943 in Tavria in the Perekop region. The reconnaissance group of the 19 tank corps of the 51 Army of the 4 Ukrainian Front, commanded by Lieutenant Galyamov as part of the two "generalists", tracked the movement of the retreating German units. Having received information about the location of the headquarters column from the prisoner, the reconnaissance group in 10 km south of the village of Novosychevka managed to capture the deputy commander of the mountain rifle division, the chief of staff and the head of the sanitary service ...

But the M3 A1 Scout became the most massive model supplied in the USSR. It turned out unpretentious and did not cause complaints. In the Red Army, scouts entered the arsenal of reconnaissance units and were also used as staff vehicles. The reconnaissance of the tank brigade received 3 – 4 Scout, the corps reconnaissance 6 – 8, and the motorcycle regiment of the tank army 13 – 16 machines.

In 1944, reconnaissance of tank and mechanized brigades began to form as part of 6 “scouts” and 4 SU 57 (T 48). The reconnaissance of tank units was always on the point of the main attack, the first to rush into the cities, capture bridges and crossings, take prisoners. The Soviet intelligence officer on the Scout became a symbol of the liberator-warrior not only in our country, but also in Eastern Europe.

25 April 1945 of the reconnaissance company of Senior Lieutenant I. Matushkina from the 4 Guards Mechanized Brigade of the 2 Guards Mechanized Corps first broke into the eastern edge of the Czech city of Brno. The “scout” of Sergeant B. Bayaziev, having overcome the obstacles and the strong fire of the enemy, broke away from his own. Suddenly, the sergeant noticed the PTO gun, which the calculation was deployed to the position. A quick maneuver, and then a queue from a machine gun, the calculation was destroyed. The scouts advanced further, and the main forces of the 4 mechanized brigade were able to enter the city.

The M2, М3, М5, М9 armored personnel carriers were mainly used as artillery tractors in anti-tank artillery. 118 vehicles were used as staff ones. In particular, in December, a member of the military council of the 1943 Guards Tank Army Major General N. K. Popel moved on 2 X on an armored personnel carrier. More actively used self-propelled artillery on their base. The 1 ACS (T57) was in service with the 48, 16, 19 and self-propelled artillery brigades (22 – 60 SAU in the brigade) attached to the 65 and 3 and 1-th guards tank armor From 4 July to 15 August 31, the 1944-I Sabr destroyed 19 machine guns, 18 guns, 16 mortar, 4 tanks, 36 armored vehicles, 13 vehicles and 33 soldiers. But in essence, 230's SU was an armored personnel carrier with reinforced armament, so the rest of the vehicles received reconnaissance units. Thus, in the reconnaissance of a tank brigade, it was supposed to have a battery (57 SAU), and a separate motorcycle regiment or battalion division (4 SAU).

The vehicles, as a rule, were re-equipped with a DT machine gun and three PPShs and were successfully used as part of reconnaissance groups. 14 January 1945, in the area of ​​crossing the Odzhuvol River in Poland, the reconnaissance group of the 6 separate motorcycle regiment of the 1 Guards Tank Army of the 1 of the Belorussian Front under the command of Major Ivanov caught up with the outgoing enemy column, and the reconnaissance group of six Valente tanks 8 SU 57 with the assault of machine gunners on board bypassed the column from the flank, unexpectedly captured the bridge and opened fire on the enemy. As a result, a convoy stretching for 5 km was destroyed ...

The antiaircraft artillery guns of the M15 and the M17 entered the Red Army into service of anti-aircraft artillery regiments of mechanized and tank corps or anti-aircraft artillery divisions of tank armies. The 7 Guards Tank Corps had 10 ZSU M17, and the 8 Guards Mechanized Corps 19 ZSU M 17. The high rate of fire to 2000 V / m made it possible to effectively cover the advancing troops, and often to support them with fire. Very often, the ZSU was included in the forward detachments of tank units.

2 in May 1945 The battery of Senior Lieutenant Surkov from the 359 Guards anti-aircraft artillery regiment of the 4 Guards Tank Army was attacked by a large group of Germans on the outskirts of Berlin. The squadron of the ZNU М17 that came to the rescue in time by heavy fire of the four large-caliber machine guns saved the situation. Only the killed Germans lost 138 soldiers and officers, and 76 immediately surrendered.

Not to mention the supply of floating cars in the USSR. During the war years, we received from the USA 3500 floating cars - the 0,25-ton Ford GPA and 586 3,5-ton DUKW 353 6 x6, which entered service for individual motorized special purpose battalions. They were especially useful when crossing the rivers in Eastern Europe and Manchuria.

Of course, 6442 armored personnel carriers and 1802 SAUs based on them, lend-leased to us, do not look very convincing compared to 90 thousand British, 41 thousand American and 22 thousand German armored carriers released during the war. But they allowed the creation of mobile reconnaissance units of tank forces, so necessary for an offensive in the second half of the war, served as an impetus for the development of this type of armored vehicles in their own country.

Already at the beginning of 1943, a model of an armored personnel carrier TB 42 was built on the basis of the half-track vehicle ZiS 42 at the Moscow plant “ZiS”, but because of the unreliability of the undercarriage, the work was stopped. In 1944, the ZiS designers created an experimental semi-tracked model B-3 based on the ZiS 5 truck and the T 70 T with a landing party made from 10 people, but due to low speed and unreliability, it was also not adopted.

The experience of using the M3 A1 “Scout” armored personnel carrier led to the creation of the first Soviet serial BTR-1947 armored personnel carrier on the basis of the Gaz-63 truck after the war in 40. Even externally, the influence of the American counterpart was clearly traced in it. It was the birth of this machine that served as the basis for the creation of such machines as the BRDM-1, —2 and BTR-60 in the future. From this point on, the wheel propulsion became the main one and turned into a national feature of Soviet and Russian armored personnel carriers.
Our news channels

Subscribe and stay up to date with the latest news and the most important events of the day.

55 comments
Information
Dear reader, to leave comments on the publication, you must sign in.
  1. +3
    April 13 2013 08: 19
    But the Red Army entered the war, not having its own armored personnel carrier, and this forced to use tank landing on armor en masse
    Several other vzgdyady were, in the role of the current motorized rifle cavalry acted. Therefore, there were no armored personnel carriers, not only themselves, even attempts to create. There were armored cars, but they were assigned other tasks
    armored artillery crawler tractor T-20 "Komsomolets"
    Also not a conveyor, even the name is clear
    So I had to use Lend-Lease. Thanks to the Second World War, they solved this problem and solved it quite well, BTR-152 is still used in some countries
    1. +1
      April 13 2013 12: 22
      Quote: Denis
      ... There were several other views,in the role of the current motorized rifle cavalryTherefore, there were no armored personnel carriers ...

      I didn’t perform. There were no cavalry units in the MK and TK.
      There was experience in 1942, when in the tank armies of the first formation they mixed SD and CD, but quickly refused.
      Motorcycles of the Red Army moved on ordinary trucks. As, however, for the most part, and in the Wehrmacht.
      But they did not deal with armored personnel carriers, since the capacities of the automobile industry of the USSR did not cover the needs of the army, even in simple trucks.
      1. 0
        April 13 2013 13: 08
        Quote: BigRiver
        But they did not deal with armored personnel carriers, since the capacities of the automobile industry of the USSR did not cover the needs of the army, even in simple trucks.


        Not only that, it was also used in the production of light tanks and self-propelled guns
      2. Murat 09
        +2
        April 13 2013 14: 28
        "And they did not deal with armored personnel carriers, since the capacities of the automobile industry of the USSR did not cover the needs of the army, even for simple trucks."

        This is where the wrecking of Tukhachevsky lies, if instead of 20 useless, but very expensive to manufacture light tanks, it would produce 000 armored personnel carriers, self-propelled guns, and other special vehicles, then he could be called a strategist, and so he crazy, cruel sadist and radish))) the site does not allow stronger expressions. Read about his methods of suppressing the peasants of the Tambov province and the Kronstadt rebellion.
        1. +2
          April 13 2013 15: 28
          Quote: Murat 09

          This is where the wrecking of Tukhachevsky lies, if instead of 20 useless, but very expensive to manufacture, light tanks, it would produce 000 armored personnel carriers, and self-propelled guns ...

          I suppose it’s wrong to blame one Tukhachevsky here :))
          In general, if you go deep into the question, it is obvious that the idea of ​​the massive use of mobile compounds belongs to Budenoy.
          Further, in the 30s, Triandafilov and Kalinovskiy upgraded this topic in relation to mechanized troops, proposing the "Theory of deep operation".
          Tukhachevsky was "one of", working on strategy, theory of operation, battle.
          All these were debatable things, which were accepted / rejected by a fairly wide circle of people.
          In a word, the views were like that. Largely due to the experience of the First World War.
        2. yurta2013
          0
          1 May 2013 08: 40
          Of these 20 thousand tanks, half were released after the arrest of Tukhachevsky, from 1937 to 1941. And not all of them were easy. Quite a lot of medium and heavy tanks were produced under him. By the way, the tanks of the times of Tukhachevsky were in no way inferior to the tanks of our potential opponents, and even surpassed them in many respects. In terms of its tank power, the USSR was indeed then the strongest power in the world. As for the suppression of peasant uprisings during the civil war and immediately after it, quite a lot of such "crazy, cruel sadists" from among the red heroes of the civil war took part in this matter. Kotovsky for example.
      3. 0
        April 14 2013 12: 31
        "For the period of major offensive operations, mechanized horse (or horse-armored) groups began to be created, which played, if not a decisive, then a very noticeable role in many of them." http://tankfront.ru/ussr/groups.html
      4. 0
        April 14 2013 12: 33
        From the same place, "Some mobile groups that were created in combined-arms armies during the transition of Soviet troops to a counteroffensive in the battle of Moscow in 1941/42 and in other operations, in essence, were army KMGs. For example, mobile group 16 A in Klinsko - The Solnechnogorsk offensive operation consisted of a cavalry division, a tank and rifle brigades, which, under the command of Major General F. T. Remizov, in December 1941 successfully developed an offensive in the direction of Vladychino (20 km north-west of Kryukovo), Istra, bypassed the Istra from the north, created a threat to the rear of the German troops defending on its western bank, and forced them to withdraw. Approximately the same composition (cavalry, tank and rifle divisions, etc. units) and tasks had a mobile group under the command of Major General B S. Popova, created in the 50th Army, which successfully developed the offensive in the Kaluga operation in 1941 and captured the city of Kaluga.
    2. polygraph
      +4
      April 13 2013 23: 02
      In many countries of the world, the landing, helicopter, and motorized rifle units left the names of the cavalry.
      That is, they are operational, like cavalry.
      And I, for example, do not call big trucks and jeeps any other than "Studebaker".
      It was a great truck.
      If I am not mistaken, the ideas of the studentbacker are still used in URAL. And the Urals is a great car.
      1. 0
        April 14 2013 12: 45
        "In Russian they tell him that the Studebaker was replaced at the last moment by Lauren-Dietrich, and he is fooling!" )))
  2. Murat 09
    +2
    April 13 2013 09: 24
    "Without a doubt, in the period from 1933 to 1937, the Red Army, at the initiative of Marshal MN Tukhachevsky and his associates, was in the wake of the theory and combat employment of tank forces, as well as the operational and tactical use of the armed forces in general."
    Again Trotskyist propaganda, Tukhachevsky was a stupid punisher, who poisoned his own peasants with gas, and did not win a single battle with an external enemy. After all, the author himself writes below "Alas, there was not a single armored personnel carrier for a huge armada of 17 thousand tanks and armored vehicles" I will add from myself that there was not only not a single armored personnel carrier, but there was not a single self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, not a single ACS milking support for tanks, not a single repair tank, not a single specialized tanker or ammunition carrier, three radios for the entire army, not a single sapper special vehicle, etc. And the tanks themselves were basically unusable, with armor of 10-13 mm, which even special cartridges for a conventional rifle could pierce, and from the air they shot any aircraft from machine guns. But this was what Stukachevsky was supposed to do as deputy commissar of defense for armaments.
    But the T-34 and KV tanks were ordered after they plopped Tukhachevsky.
    1. +2
      April 13 2013 13: 00
      Yes, there is an opinion that the appearance of the T-34. both Kv-1 and BM-13 owe more to the cavalryman Voroshilov than to the "tanker" Tukhachevsky. And the only "progressive innovation" of this "strategy" was chemical gases near Tambov in the 21st
      1. Murat 09
        +4
        April 13 2013 14: 03
        100 pluses per answer)))
        1. +1
          April 13 2013 15: 35
          rexby63
          Murat 09

          laughing love
          Guys, would you go to the library to read the 4-volume book of Uncle Misha Svirin "Stalin's Steel Fist. The History of the Soviet Tank".
          1. 0
            April 13 2013 21: 06
            Mikhail Nikolaevich Svirin, as you called him - "Uncle Misha" (relative?), Describes Tukhachevsky's participation in his books as indirect, but in no way active, which is attributed to him by liberal citizens. It would be easier for them, liberal citizens, to sing "Hosanna" "to Khalep and Ginzburg. Those who really did their best, and they suffered again
            1. 0
              April 14 2013 11: 44
              "uncle Misha" (relative?)

              old, forum, you probably didn’t find it, by the way, it makes it easy to understand when the person in the topic
              and the Kid was .... :)
      2. yurta2013
        0
        1 May 2013 09: 18
        The appearance of the T-34 and KV became a natural consequence of the development of our tank construction. They simply could not yet appear during the time of Tukhachevsky, just as the Mig, Il, Yak and La planes could not appear then.
        1. 0
          1 May 2013 20: 52
          Quote: yurta2013
          The appearance of the T-34 and KV became a natural consequence of the development of our tank construction. They simply could not yet appear during the time of Tukhachevsky, just as the Mig, Il, Yak and La planes could not appear then.
          Actually, they appeared at that time
          La like brand a little later
    2. yurta2013
      0
      1 May 2013 09: 13
      Tukhachevsky in external wars commanded troops (front) only once - against the Poles in 1920. At the same time, the offensive operation carried out by him developed very successfully and ended in failure only because of the inconsistency of the actions of the Soviet fronts. It is completely unfair to accuse him of the fact that Soviet industry at that time was simply not able to produce high-quality cars of various types and radios in large quantities. As for self-propelled guns, then at the time of Tukhachevsky they were not particularly needed. The vast majority of the tanks of our probable opponents were light, with very weak armor, easily penetrated even from the 37 mm anti-tank guns that the infantry was then armed with. The Germans began to seriously deploy armored vehicles only starting in 1935. Even by the start of World War II, they were still far behind in the number of medium tanks and England with France and the USSR.
      1. 0
        1 May 2013 20: 59
        Quote: yurta2013
        As for self-propelled guns, then at the time of Tukhachevsky they were not particularly needed. The vast majority of tanks of our probable opponents were light, with very weak armor, easily penetrated even from the 37 mm anti-tank guns that the infantry was then armed with
        This is what?
        Self-propelled artillery self-propelled gun, i.e. the same gun, only moving with ammunition by itself, and not by traction. The calculation is protected by armor from bullets and fragments. And where is the fight against tanks?
        Teach materiel
  3. Alew
    +4
    April 13 2013 10: 14
    Measure with a modern ruler then? Put armored personnel carriers to the peak of the Red Army. I won’t be surprised to hear about 25000 tanks and the even greater role of Lend-Lease in the future.
    1. Murat 09
      +2
      April 13 2013 10: 51
      Aleu, why the Germans were in large numbers on a mass scale, and they really had armored troops, that is, tanks with support for motorized infantry on armored personnel carriers, SZAU and self-propelled guns, etc. the entire spectrum of troops, which interacting was an extremely effective combat unit. And in the tank corps according to Tukhachevsky, the mass of tanks without support and their Germans burned for nothing. The most valuable trophy for our tankers was the armored personnel carriers, which they took great care of, and on which the motorized support arrows moved.
      1. Alew
        0
        April 13 2013 11: 01
        You are probably a veteran and took part in the battles yourself
      2. +4
        April 13 2013 12: 34
        Quote: Murat 09
        ... The Germans were in large numbers on armored personnel carriers, and they had real tank troops, that is, tanks with motorized infantry support in armored personnel carriers, SZAU and self-propelled guns, etc. The most valuable trophy for our tankers was exactly the armored personnel carriers, which they cherished very much ...

        The largest number of "Hanomag" and "Vultures" was in the TD Wehrmacht - just over 100 pieces. That is, roughly, into 2 battalions. But, this is ideal. In reality, it is much thinner.
        You are completely in vain doing from an armored personnel carrier - a wunderfaff :))
        By and large, what's the difference on what the motorized infantry will drive up to the deployment site: by truck, motorcycle or armored personnel carrier? If the "air" is ours winked
        There would be artillery, tanks, working rear, etc.
        1. Murat 09
          +3
          April 13 2013 14: 20
          I'm talking about tank troops that are going to breakthrough hundreds of kilometers, the Germans in their tank corps had everything balanced for deep breakthroughs, that is, they had everything with them and everything was mobile and protected, because behind enemy lines hundreds of kilometers from front "air" is not always your own, and armored personnel carriers are needed there, because a truck or motorcycle will burn any flying bookcase with a machine gun, armored personnel carriers also help a lot from shell fragments, just as the Germans had self-propelled howitzers and guns on the chassis of armored personnel carriers and tanks , anti-aircraft and repair vehicles, tractors, armored personnel carriers with long-wave radios, air gunners and artillery spotters, carriers of ammunition and fuel, etc.
          Imagine the situation - our tank corps is making a breakthrough, trucks with fuel and shells are driving behind it in the rear, there is an advantage in the "air", but a random pair of messengers saw a convoy with fuel and shells, walked over it several times, and that's it, the corps got up without fuel and BC. And among the Germans, tankers and carriers of the BC are made on the basis of an armored personnel carrier, have bulletproofness and high cross-country ability. To destroy them, you need to call in attack aircraft, find them, distinguish them from other combat armored personnel carriers and destroy them with targeted bombing, which is probably hundreds of times more difficult than burning our convoy on trucks.
          1. +1
            April 13 2013 15: 56
            Quote: Murat 09
            ... tank troops that are going to break through hundreds of kilometers, the Germans in their tank corps had everything balanced for deep breakthroughs, that is, they had everything with them and everything was mobile and protected, because in the rear of the enemy hundreds of kilometers from front "air" is not always your own ...

            In the summer of 1944, after the start of Overlod in Europe, despite the super-duper balance of the German TDs, they were completely PARALIZED throughout the operational depth during daylight hours.
            That is, they were unable to move. The armored personnel carriers did not help them against the Mustangs, Typhoons and Tempests :))
            For any breakthrough, counterattack, the air factor is one of the main and determining success. We began to understand this already in the 41st.
            Of course, it’s good to be healthy and rich laughing And to have a bottomless department store. But, in reality, you have to choose: either a relatively protected wagon on a limited stretch of communications - or an light self-propelled gun for combat.
            1. 0
              April 13 2013 18: 50
              Well, you do not equal the Germans of 1944, when the Red Army is already in the Reich, and the Germans of 1941, when the Wehrmacht near Moscow ... These are TWO BIG DIFFERENCES. Moreover, the German generals DIVISIONS surrendered to the Allies, and they did not even disarm them.
              1. +1
                April 14 2013 05: 52
                Quote: I think so
                Well, you do not equal the Germans of 1944, when the Red Army is already in the Reich and the Germans of 1941 ...

                You do not grasp the topic of conversation.
                Saturation with armored personnel carriers of any compound of the 2nd World War is a good quality gain, but not a child prodigy. This is about this.
                And if we talk about the Wehrmacht of the 44th in Europe, the following can be noted.
                Thanks to the developed road network, German TDs were much more able to quickly respond to changing conditions than in the fall near Moscow. But, the complete superiority in the air of the Allies was nullified by both the factor of the road network and the degree of motorization of the Wehrmacht.

                German generals gave up DIVISIONS ...

                Please name the division number of the Wehrmacht or SS and the name of its commander who surrendered to the allies without a fight in the summer of the 44th.
                If you mean the Falezsky boiler, then this is later and this ... - the boiler.
                1. 0
                  April 14 2013 10: 26
                  Falese cauldron


                  Well, comparing the "Das Reich" sample of August 44th and July 43rd, March 42nd is also not entirely logical. Although aviation support for Montgomery was not at all superfluous
          2. seafarer
            0
            April 14 2013 07: 24
            Under Germany in the 40th year was ALL Europe. And she worked properly on the Wehrmacht. In addition, all the armored vehicles of France, the Czech Republic, and Poland also became the trophy of the Germans.
            And the vaunted Ordung allowed Germany to modernize tanks that did not fit the tactical model into auxiliary ammunition carriers, sapper tanks, armored tankers, repair tanks, etc.
        2. 0
          April 14 2013 12: 51
          “By and large, what's the difference on what the motorized infantry will drive up to the deployment site: on a truck, motorcycle or armored personnel carrier?” Or on a horse.
      3. yurta2013
        0
        1 May 2013 09: 27
        In those days when Tukhachevsky created his theory of deep operations and Soviet tank corps, in principle, there were no German tank troops. They will be deployed and will become a serious force after the arrest and execution of Tukhachevsky. Now no one can conclusively argue that Tukhachevsky could not rebuild the tank troops of the USSR in accordance with the emergence of a new threat. Still, the year and a half that Tukhachevsky had was too short a time to have time to prepare and carry out fundamental reforms in the structure and armament of tank units.
        1. +2
          1 May 2013 10: 55
          Quote: yurta2013
          In those days when Tukhachevsky created his theory of deep operation

          Tukhachevsky did not create the theory of deep operation:
          The origin of the theory of deep operations dates back to the late 1920s. It was a revision of the idea of ​​massaging mobile units invented by Budyonny and successfully used by the Red Army during the Civil War (First Horse Army). The main prerequisite for its appearance was the large-scale rearmament of the Red Army after the end of the Civil War. “The theory of the offensive of modern armies in modern warfare”, developed by Vladimir Triandafillov, deputy chief of staff of the Red Army, and Kalinovsky, chief inspector of tank troops (the death of Triandafilov and Kalinovsky in the air crash in 1931 interrupted their fruitful activities), demonstrated the huge potential of the armored forces in conducting offensive operations.
          In the 1931 year, Triandafillov presented to the Headquarters of the Red Army a report "The main issues of tactics and operational art in connection with the reconstruction of the army," which summarized the main views on the nature of deep combat and operations. On 20 of April and 20 of May 1932 of the year in the Revolutionary Military Council the report "Tactics and operational art of the Red Army at a new stage" was heard. Based on this report, Temporary guidelines for the organization of deep battle were developed, which in February 1933 of the year after the approval of the People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs were sent to the troops.
          In March 1933, an organizational and staffing structure was developed for tank units, units and formations. Mechanized corps consisting of mechanized brigades, tank brigades of the High Command Reserve, mechanized regiments in cavalry corps, and tank battalions in rifle divisions appeared in the Red Army. This, in turn, completely changed the battle order of the Red Army. So, for example, the depth of the combat order of the division in defense reached 10 km, the front width - from 6 to 12 km.
          The theory was adopted by the Red Army and is included in the Field Charter of the 1936 of the year and in the draft Field Charter of the 1939 of the year.
  4. Alew
    0
    April 13 2013 12: 23
    "saved technology"
  5. +3
    April 13 2013 14: 24
    At first:
    if I'm wrong then correct me feel ,
    and what thousands of Canadian tanks delivered to the USSR are we talking about? belay
    I personally know of only one tank that can be called Canadian with a stretch: "Cruiser Tank Ram Mk I" and "Cruiser Tank Ram Mk II", and even then it was developed using the chassis of the American M3 medium tank, and the tank was never used in battle , and was actively used in the Canadian and British troops for training purposes.

    Now someone can say:
    - but what about the 1388 "Valentines" delivered to the USSR by Canada?
    But wait stop MK.III "Valentine" (according to the documents of the Red Army "Valentine" or "Valentine") was developed by the British company "Vickers-Armstrongs, Limited" in 1938, and in Canada it was only produced under license by the "Canadian Pacific Railway" --- so the Valentine Mk VII and Valentine VIIA tanks supplied from Canada are more likely British tanks, licensed in Canada, than Canadian ones. hi

    on the picture:

    Canadian tankers prepare dinner at the Ram Mk.I tanks during maneuvers.
    1. 0
      April 14 2013 13: 01
      1380 Canadian tanks Valentine MK3 sent to the Soviet Union. Http://lib.rus.ec/b/200316/read
    2. 0
      April 14 2013 13: 04
      By the way, Ram-2 is one of the most fun tanks in the WOT, good armor, fast-firing fluff with low damage.
    3. 0
      April 14 2013 13: 08
      As for the assembly, formally, all the military equipment of the USSR developed in the USSR should belong to Russia as the assignee. But Ukrainians believe that it is their tank, Kazakhs, their machine gun, Uzbeks, their plane, etc.
  6. +4
    April 13 2013 15: 52
    Secondly:
    the author forgot --- The average armored car BA-10, in all its modifications, the total number of which was 3311 pieces.



    BA-11 - tank on wheels,
    Soviet heavy cannon armored car based on an army truck ZIS-6.
    On June 25, 1941, Finland entered the war against us. However, even before the Finns officially entered the war, German planes landed a battalion of Finnish saboteurs in Karelia, whose task was to capture the locks on the White Sea Canal. There were no Soviet troops in this rear area, and the Finns, having shot from the Suomi submachine guns a militarized guard armed only with rifles and revolvers, began to capture the object behind the object. Then, 18 newly-assembled BA-11s left the factory to meet the Finns. The Finnish paratroopers did not have anti-tank weapons, and the machine guns did not take BA-11 armor. The entire battalion was killed by the end of the day - the remaining 16 Finns were captured.
    In September 1941, the Izhora plant was in blockade with Leningrad, and the production of BA-11 ceased.
    Nevertheless, all of the BA-11s took part in the hostilities on the Leningrad Front, and despite the fact that many of them were lost back in the summer of 1941, even in the summer of 1942 several BA-11s were part of the 2nd separate 42nd auto armored battalion oh army.
    1. +1
      April 13 2013 15: 55
      BA-3.
      Medium cannon armored car.

      The production of BA-3 was established at the Izhora plant and at the Vyksa plant of crushing and grinding equipment, which in the years 1934-1935 produced 168 armored vehicles of this type.
      Armored vehicles BA-3 entered service with the reconnaissance units of the tank, cavalry and infantry formations of the Red Army. They took part in almost all military conflicts of those years in which Soviet equipment took part, in particular in the Spanish Civil War, in battles with Japanese troops near Lake Hassan and the Khalkhin-Gol River, in the Soviet-Finnish (Winter) War and Polish liberation campaign, and even in the Second World War - on April 14, 1945, the 97th company of the 19th Army headquarters guard still used three BA-3Ms and three BA-10s.
      On January 1, 1941, in the units of the Red Army, there were 96 BA-3s.
      1. +1
        April 13 2013 16: 01
        BA-6.
        Medium cannon armored car.

        From 1936 to 1938, the Izhora plant produced 386 BA-6 armored vehicles. It was made and a small number of armored vehicles of this type in the version of the BA-6 rail.

        The BA-3 armored cars took part in the Polish campaign, in the war with Finland, as well as in the Great Patriotic War On January 1, 1941, there were 219 BA-6 in the units of the Red Army. However, most of them were in the Caucasus and the Far East. In the army, these combat vehicles were found, at least until the middle of 1942.
        For much longer they were operated in the Finnish army, which they got as trophies in 1939 and 1941: one BA-3 armored car served until the end of 1954.
        1. 0
          April 13 2013 16: 06
          BA-64.
          The most massive armored car of the Great Patriotic War.

          In total, from 1942 to 1946, the plant produced 3901 armored vehicles BA-64 and 5209 BA-64B. In the post-war Soviet Army, the BA-64B armored vehicles (there were practically no narrow-gauge BA-64s) were used as combat training ones until about 1953. In other countries, they have been used for much longer. Poland received 81 cars, the Czechoslovak Corps-10, in the German Democratic Republic they established themselves well as police cars. Many cars were sent to Yugoslavia, the DPRK and China.

          on the picture:

          Soviet armored car BA-64 with soldiers. In the field, a tower was dismantled from an armored car and an anti-tank gun was installed.
          1. 0
            April 13 2013 16: 11
            FAI-M - light machine gun armored car.

            By the beginning of World War II, there were 376 FAI and FAI-M in the units of the Red Army (in the documents of that period there was no clear division into FAI and FAI-M). It is known that by June 22, 1941 a small number of vehicles of this type were in the 34th Panzer Division (8th Mechanized Corps), 24th Panzer Division (10th Mechanized Corps), 17th Panzer Division (5th mechanized casing) and in some other parts. Almost all of them were lost in the first months of the war, although some armored vehicles of this type are found in the lists of tank units of the Red Army in the spring and summer of 1942.
            1. +1
              April 13 2013 16: 14
              BA-20 - light machine gun armored car.

              The BA-20 armored car was produced from 1936 until 1941 (a small number of BA-20 vehicles were still produced at the beginning of 1942 from the remaining parts). In total, from 1936 to 1942, the 2013 BA-20 was released, and 1557 of them were released before the start of World War II.
              Among the trophies captured by the Finnish army and remaining or evacuated to Finland during the Winter War of 1939 were, among other things, 22 armored vehicles BA-20 and BA-20M. In service with the Finnish army, they stood until 1957.
              In addition, in the summer of 1941, German troops captured about a hundred Soviet armored vehicles BA-20 and BA-20M. Trophy cars hit the police units and SS troops. One or two vehicles armed with German police were captured by Polish rebels during the Warsaw Uprising in August 1944. In the German army, the BA-20 armored vehicles received the designation Panzerspaehwagen BA 20 (r), and the BA-20M - Panzerspaehwagen BA 202 (r). The armored cars BA 202 (r) were in service with different units, including the 7th SS Mountain Princely Eugen volunteer division.
              1. 0
                April 13 2013 16: 19
                BA-I - Izhora armored car.

                The first modernized BAI-M entered the army in October 1939, and by the summer of 1940 the modernization of the entire fleet of BAI armored vehicles was completed. Despite the modernization measures taken, most of the BAI-M were sent to the Far East, where in 1945 they met the war with Japan as part of the Trans-Baikal and Far Eastern military districts. On the Soviet-German front, the BAI-Ms were met only by units, in each of the military districts and were not remembered for anything special.
                The approximate number of troops entering the troops is 259-309.
                1. 0
                  April 13 2013 16: 27
                  And it is also unforgettable that the offensive strategic operations carried out by the Red Army, primarily related to the encirclement and defeat of large enemy groups, led to the capture of trophies, including a large number of serviceable cars, armored personnel carriers and other equipment. During the winter campaign alone, from November 1942 to March 1943, our troops captured 123 thousand German cars. By 1945, captured vehicles accounted for 9,1% of the army’s fleet.

                  on the picture:

                  Residents of the Czech city of Louny meet Soviet liberator soldiers riding a captured German Sd.Kfz armored personnel carrier. 251 Ausf. C ..
                  1. +5
                    April 13 2013 17: 02
                    we take 8 "armor" received under Lend-Lease and compare it with 244 domestic "armor", we add German trophies to ours, and now those who are in the subject explain how the author of the article turned out that all the "armor with an asterisk" on 15% lend-lease belay request
                    I certainly do not detract from the importance and contribution to the victory of armored vehicles purchased from the Allies, but still this question remains open for me so far what .

                    on the picture:

                    Soviet anti-aircraft gunners in front of their camouflaged armored personnel carrier with four American-made anti-aircraft mounts.
                    1. 0
                      April 13 2013 17: 04
                      on the picture:

                      the same ya .. hmmm feel only in profile.
                      1. Alew
                        +1
                        April 13 2013 22: 06
                        Karisonn bravo I support you. In the USSR, there was a canceation of armored cars. The Germans also used our BA.
                      2. 0
                        April 13 2013 23: 41
                        Quote: ALEW
                        The Germans also used our BA


                        today I was surprised to learn that from the end of 41, the beginning of 42 years in the Soviet units were formations armed with captured armored vehicles belay , the pictures stayed at work, I'll throw it tomorrow drinks
  7. Ser 47RUS
    -12
    April 13 2013 16: 13
    Armor heh..nya and tanks like straw!
  8. Alf
    0
    April 14 2013 00: 15
    Quote: Karlsonn
    and now those who are in the subject explain how the author of the article turned out that all the "armor with an asterisk" is 100% lend-lease, I certainly do not diminish the importance and contribution to the Victory of armored vehicles purchased from the allies, but still this question remains open for me ...

    When talking about 100%, they mean armored personnel carriers that were not produced at all in the USSR.
    1. 0
      April 14 2013 00: 49
      Quote: Alf
      When talking about 100%, they mean armored personnel carriers that were not produced at all in the USSR.


      the author of the article considers under Lend-Lease such a guano as "Bren", delivered to the USSR for gold which can accommodate 3 paratroopers, he does not count BA-64D, although - BA-64D - an experimental version of the BA-64 with the installation of heavy 12,7-mm machine gun DShK. Unlike the standard DT-29, the armored penetration of the DShK gave the armored car the opportunity to fight light armored vehicles, and in combination with the significantly higher weight of the second salvo, it dramatically increased its effectiveness in providing air defense. Work on the BA-64D was begun in September 1942, but it was already found out at the initial stage that the dimensions and recoil of the DShK, much larger than that of a standard machine gun, as well as the need to install a K-8T collimator sight for anti-aircraft fire, require the creation of a new , more rigid tower design. Redesigning began on October 3, 1942, and the prototype BA-64D was completed on March 20, 1943. It was distinguished from the production vehicle, first of all, by a new turret of an increased size, with armor plate thickness increased to 12 mm. The tower was mounted on a ball support on the roof of the fighting compartment, which also had to be expanded and strengthened, and was guided horizontally using a screw mechanism. Since the standard box with the DShK cartridge belt could not be placed in a cramped tower, the designers had to replace it with a 30-round drum magazine.

      three paratroopers were placed in BA-64D, the author of the article ignores this - why?
  9. Alf
    0
    April 14 2013 00: 18
    Quote: Ser 47RUS
    Armor heh..nya and tanks like straw!

    Well, the T-1, -2 has bulletproof armor and the tanks are magnificent, much less than thirty-four.
    1. +3
      April 14 2013 00: 56
      Quote: Alf
      Well, the T-1, -2 has bulletproof armor and the tanks are magnificent, much less than thirty-four.


      do not pay attention to it either a troll or a second account.
  10. 0
    April 14 2013 12: 30
    The Red Army received 110 anti-aircraft self-propelled anti-aircraft self-propelled guns based on armored personnel carriers. Our domestic ZSU-37 was made only after the end of the Second World War (in the summer of 1945) in the amount of 70 copies.
  11. +1
    1 May 2013 10: 49
    In 1942, mass deliveries of auto and armored vehicles to the USSR began under Lend-Lease. Thousands of American, English, Canadian tanks, trucks, jeeps and motorcycles began to enter the arsenal of the Red Army. This actually helped re-motorize the Soviet troops, make up for the heavy losses of the summer-fall of 1941, and begin to form new tank and mechanized formations. And although tank Lend-Lease did not exceed 13% of Soviet production, deliveries on one of the types of armored vehicles amounted to all 100%

    Article minus. The author forgets to point out something (thanks to Karlsonn), misinterprets something a little. As you know - "The devil is in the little things."
    And so, the author believes that the deliveries under Lend-Lease in 1942 were massive and made it possible to "actually re-motorize the Soviet troops, make up for the heavy losses in the summer and autumn of 1941, and begin to form new tank and mechanized formations." Of course, if you look at the general figures, then this may be so, but if you look at how much of what was supplied to the USSR by years, we will find out that the vast majority of equipment, equipment and materials were supplied to the USSR in 1943-1945.
    Example: Of the 800 aircraft and 1000 tanks promised by England that the USSR was supposed to receive in October – December 1941, 669 aircraft and 487 tanks arrived. From October 1941 to June 30, 1942 the United States sent 545 aircraft, 783 tanks to the USSR, more than 3 times less than promised, as well as 16 502 trucks, that is, more than 5 times less than planned.
    Locomotives, wagons and rails began to be delivered only in the 44 year. More than half of the cars were delivered in 44-45 years. Two-thirds of the food was delivered in 44-45. In the fleet of the Red Army of imported vehicles in 1943, there were 5,4%, in 1944 in the Red Army - 19%, on 1 in May 1945, 32,8% (58,1% were domestic cars and 9,1% were trophy cars).
  12. 0
    1 May 2013 21: 06
    And although tank Lend-Lease did not exceed 13% of Soviet production, deliveries on one of the types of armored vehicles amounted to all 100%
    It’s very tricky not to say for what. These are armored personnel carriers, they were not developed. Motorized riflemen were then cavalrymen. Mobile infantrymen, and not with "checkers on tanks" as the enemy grunts

"Right Sector" (banned in Russia), "Ukrainian Insurgent Army" (UPA) (banned in Russia), ISIS (banned in Russia), "Jabhat Fatah al-Sham" formerly "Jabhat al-Nusra" (banned in Russia) , Taliban (banned in Russia), Al-Qaeda (banned in Russia), Anti-Corruption Foundation (banned in Russia), Navalny Headquarters (banned in Russia), Facebook (banned in Russia), Instagram (banned in Russia), Meta (banned in Russia), Misanthropic Division (banned in Russia), Azov (banned in Russia), Muslim Brotherhood (banned in Russia), Aum Shinrikyo (banned in Russia), AUE (banned in Russia), UNA-UNSO (banned in Russia), Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People (banned in Russia), Legion “Freedom of Russia” (armed formation, recognized as terrorist in the Russian Federation and banned)

“Non-profit organizations, unregistered public associations or individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent,” as well as media outlets performing the functions of a foreign agent: “Medusa”; "Voice of America"; "Realities"; "Present time"; "Radio Freedom"; Ponomarev; Savitskaya; Markelov; Kamalyagin; Apakhonchich; Makarevich; Dud; Gordon; Zhdanov; Medvedev; Fedorov; "Owl"; "Alliance of Doctors"; "RKK" "Levada Center"; "Memorial"; "Voice"; "Person and law"; "Rain"; "Mediazone"; "Deutsche Welle"; QMS "Caucasian Knot"; "Insider"; "New Newspaper"