From divisions to brigades and back

32
In 2009, during the reform of the Russian army, the main ideologists of the reforms informed the servicemen, and indeed all citizens of the country, that the military doctrine had undergone major changes and that the army needed significant internal restructuring. At the same time, the main threat was identified for Russia, in opposition to which supposedly there is no need to conduct large-scale hostilities, but can be limited to solving local combat tasks. They say that it’s no longer necessary to wait for a large amount of aggression from outside towards Russia, but it’s necessary to wait for bearded sorties with grenade launchers and “Kalash”.



Due to the metamorphosis of military doctrine, it was decided to switch to the use of brigades, almost completely abandoning such a thing as a division. The main argument in favor of the transition to the brigade composition of the army looked as follows: the brigade has a smaller staff and, therefore, may be better organized than a division. This was supposed to give the entire Russian army greater mobility and flexibility, which responded to new security challenges.

However, after the divisions began urgently to be curtailed and squeezed, it turned out that the brigade formation had its own significant drawbacks. One of such drawbacks can be considered the fact that it was not always possible to achieve full-fledged interaction of individual components of the same team. If we consider that the brigade was conceived as a kind of middle line between the regiment and the division, which had to absorb all the best from both sides: the power of the division and the mobility of the regiment, then the result of such an idea was clearly blurred. Numerous exercises, in which the updated military units took part, showed that the brigades did not absorb the divisional power and at the same time failed to accumulate regimental coherence and mobility. It turned out that the brigades in the organizational plan were stuck between the regiment and the division, without realizing all the positive things that they, in fact, wanted from them.

Another undoubted disadvantage of the brigades is that, unlike the same divisions, they were forced to take part in combat (combat training) actions, then in full force. A situation emerged in which a brigade consisting of a pair of regiments, several separate battalions, including a battalion (company) of logistics, to perform combat missions, was removed from the place of deployment, leaving this place virtually empty and completely unprotected. In the divisional version, for the conduct of active hostilities there was always a special group of military personnel, which was determined to solve military-practical tasks to counter the attacking side. This group could be larger, could be smaller depending on the conditions and scale of the hostilities. In any case, the rear remained covered. In the case of a brigade, it is necessary to use either another brigade (and this is nonsense) to reinforce the rear, or somehow separate individual units from it, which in itself is a contradiction of using the brigade as a single and mobile unit.

An additional headache was added (added) by the fact that a hypothetically probable military confrontation may not always fit into the framework of local opposition, where it would be appropriate to use the brigade. Indeed, in the same Far East, one cannot exclude the possibility of a collision between the Russian army and the armies of its neighbors (with all due respect to China, Japan and other states of the region). If, God forbid, such a military clash occurs, it is hardly worth feeding illusions that it will be limited to a certain limited in area (very small) territory ... B stories The country had a sufficient number of examples of how even the most seemingly insignificant border conflict resulted in a large-scale military confrontation. And it is in the case of large-scale confrontations of the brigade that it is hardly worth considering as effective.

Despite this, all segments of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, with the exception of the Strategic Missile Forces and the Airborne Forces, switched to the brigade system. However, such a large-scale transition to the brigade principle of the formation of the Armed Forces was not decided in any of the major military powers. In particular, the armies of the United States, Germany, China and other countries use brigades only as additions to the existing divisions, which constitute the army's base. Moreover, in the USA, brigades are generally part of divisions in the overwhelming majority of cases. It turns out that only Russia from among the countries with substantial military power relies exclusively on brigades and takes into account the option of military conflicts only at the level of local clashes. Potential opponents do not discount the scenario of a full-scale war with the use of solid compounds.

Numerous military experts, who have increasingly begun to raise the issue of the inexpediency of the almost 100% transfer of the RF Armed Forces to the brigade version, seem to have been heard by the new leaders of the Ministry of Defense. Despite the fact that not so long ago, President Putin announced an almost completed reform and that it was time to abandon the “floundering” from side to side, information appeared that in the near future, several divisions could be reconstructed in Russia, which had been lost This status is about 3-4 years ago. In particular, it was reported that in less than a couple of months, namely, at the Victory Parade (May 9 2013), the Taman and Kantemirovskaya divisions would march on Red Square. It is the divisions, since this status will be returned to the famous military formation of the Moscow region, along with the red banners, which the divisions were at one time awarded for the military exploits of soldiers and officers.

In addition to restoring the Taman and Kantemirovsky divisions, the Ministry of Defense plans to start building several divisions in the Far East at once, which indirectly confirms the concern shared by military experts regarding the need to cover the far borders of Russia. It is not excluded that the division may be revived in Tajikistan again - on the basis of the 201 of the Russian military base. Indeed, in this region, after the withdrawal of the NATO contingent from Afghanistan, another large-scale armed conflict may break out, which is not even an hour, can spread to the whole of Central Asia.

But if the Ministry of Defense decided to turn again to the divisional option of recruiting the army, then what will happen to the brigades created? There is no definite answer to this question yet, but, most likely, the brigades will leave as the main combat units where their use is indeed more effective than the use of divisions. For regions where brigades can remain in the current version, for example, the North Caucasus can be attributed. It is simply pointless to use large divisions for counter-terrorism operations here. In this district, need mobile groups that could fight with the gangs with maximum efficiency.

It turns out that the leadership of the Ministry of Defense is reviewing the military doctrine, pointing out that local wars for Russia are certainly dangerous, but it is necessary to insure against the case of more substantial external aggression. To rely on the fact that we do not have major enemies is naive as it is naive and to assume that if there are big enemies, they will not provoke Russia into an armed conflict. Reasonable recovery divisions - good insurance.
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  1. +8
    27 March 2013 08: 28
    “Another undoubted disadvantage of the brigades is that, unlike the same divisions, if they were forced to take part in combat (combat training) actions, then in full force. A situation emerged in which a brigade consisting of a pair of regiments, several separate battalions, including a battalion (company) of logistics, were removed from the deployment site to carry out combat missions, leaving this very place virtually empty and absolutely unprotected. "

    Apparently, it was supposed that the private security company would work there, quite in the spirit of Serdyukov’s reforms.
    1. Yarbay
      +1
      27 March 2013 08: 42
      Quote: Vladimirets
      in which a team consisting of a pair of regiments

      how can a brigade consist of a pair of regiments !!?
      In the state there are almost the same number of personnel !!
      Quote: Vladimirets
      Apparently, it was supposed that the private security company would work there, quite in the spirit of Serdyukov’s reforms.

      smiled!
      1. +5
        27 March 2013 11: 33
        Quote: Yarbay

        how can a brigade consist of a pair of regiments !!?
        In the state there are almost the same number of personnel !!!

        It is not clear where you and Volodin got the regimental link? :))
        Motorized rifle brigade: three motorized rifle battalions + one tank, artillery in the divisions, reconnaissance battalion + support units.
        Tank brigade: three tank baht + one motorized rifle, etc.
        The main idea was to truncate the extra links of management.
        I.e .: battalion - brigade - operational command.
        1. Prohor
          +1
          28 March 2013 15: 52
          Really, what regiments in brigades?
          In our 168th Motorized Rifle Brigade we had:
          3 motorized rifle battalions,
          tank battalion
          two tracked self-propelled art. Division
          anti-tank art. division,
          anti-aircraft artillery division,
          anti-aircraft missile division
          intelligence company
          battalion mat. providing and several technical mouth platoons.
        2. Prohor
          0
          28 March 2013 15: 53
          Really, what regiments in brigades?
          In our 168th Motorized Rifle Brigade we had:
          3 motorized rifle battalions,
          tank battalion
          two tracked self-propelled art. Division
          anti-tank art. division,
          anti-aircraft artillery division,
          anti-aircraft missile division
          intelligence company
          battalion mat. providing and several technical mouth platoons.
        3. Prohor
          0
          28 March 2013 15: 53
          Really, what regiments in brigades?
          In our 168th Motorized Rifle Brigade we had:
          3 motorized rifle battalions,
          tank battalion
          two tracked self-propelled art. Division
          anti-tank art. division,
          anti-aircraft artillery division,
          anti-aircraft missile division
          intelligence company
          battalion mat. providing and several technical mouth platoons.
        4. Yarbay
          0
          29 March 2013 16: 11
          Quote: BigRiver
          It is not clear where you and Volodin got the regimental link? :))

          I did not take it, but asked Eugenius, because I know that Mr. Volodin will not answer !!
          I know the staff of the motorized rifle brigade !!)))))))
        5. 0
          9 June 2023 08: 56
          Once the brigade was two regiments. More regiment, less division. But it was a long time ago. Even before that war.
      2. The comment was deleted.
    2. +3
      27 March 2013 09: 10
      Quote: Vladimirets
      [B]
      Apparently, it was supposed that the private security company would work there, quite in the spirit of Serdyukov’s reforms.

      Yeah, and with the same zeal as Smetanin, he was eager to protect army property, not forgetting the principle: - that I am protecting it.
      All these are products of the diseased brain of the stool and its partners.
  2. beech
    +1
    27 March 2013 08: 30
    tired of these motions from side to side .... I would say yes I’d better keep silent
    1. +1
      27 March 2013 14: 14
      "... I would say, but I better keep silent" beech (2) Today, 08:30

      Why be silent?
      I must say bluntly that the state and its armed forces are governed by nothing sensible people in state and military affairs - amateurs, this is at best.
      In the worst case scenario, direct betrayal is not ruled out, one does not have to go far for an example - Judas Gorbachev, having destroyed the USSR, "fled" to England from the anger of the people.
      Unfortunately, Russia has not developed a mechanism for protecting the state and its main protective structures "from a fool" by a leader or just a traitor... There must be this mechanism, otherwise a "repeated Gorbachev" in Russia cannot be avoided.
  3. +5
    27 March 2013 08: 36
    Initially, on the ground, everyone saw the perniciousness of the complete destruction of divisions and the transition to the brigade principle. They saw it, but the generals were bashfully silent, it was scary to go against the dictate from above and there was still hope for the opportunity to warm up their hands, which happened. Judging by its former 130 pulaad 5A, they destroyed and destroyed military camps with all the infrastructure, people have been at their disposal since 2009, they regularly receive state money, there are practically no troops left, and what is left is due to the "care" of the Ministry of Defense it is impossible to understand how it survives. The states were developed not to understand how - in a separate unit we have no foreman, no cook, no medical workers, no technicians. As conceived by the Ministry of Defense, all these responsibilities were to be performed by third-party civilian organizations - but they prefer to work in large cities. So we get ourselves out of the way to the detriment of combat training.
    1. 0
      27 March 2013 11: 08
      Quote: Old Warrant Officer
      Judging by its former 130 pulaad 5A, they destroyed and destroyed military camps with all the infrastructure, people have been at their disposal since 2009, they regularly receive state money, there are practically no troops left, and what is left is due to the "care" of the Ministry of Defense it is impossible to understand how it survives


      nice to hear a fellow soldier, I from 1999 to 2001 in 472 MSP was the foreman of the 7th msr!
  4. +10
    27 March 2013 08: 41
    I welcome the return of divisions with glorious combat names!
  5. +4
    27 March 2013 08: 42
    Errors are recognized, but there are still no perpetrators. There is no responsibility, therefore, a mess, only when a wave of indignation rises, then they begin to fuss and think with their heads, but was this necessary? First we do, then we think.
    1. +3
      27 March 2013 09: 08
      you can’t blame yourself ....
    2. +2
      27 March 2013 09: 26
      laughing Just think, could a fart really make such a strategic decision on his own with a pair of Makarka! Well, he cannot answer "himself", and how?
  6. +2
    27 March 2013 08: 47
    As the saying goes, an article in the subject ...
    Without slipping into platitudes, we can say that common sense still prevailed in the leadership of the Ministry of Defense. Russia is a large country, very large, and the possibilities of military conflicts, alas, are not limited to armed confrontation with bandit formations. As a result of conversations with fellow students at the military school, who after graduation ended up serving in the Far East (Ussuriysk, Blagoveshchensk), and after carrying out "brigade reforms" were removed from the state and then sent to retire, this strategic region de facto remained uncovered from potential aggression of the PRC Armed Forces. Fortified areas built in Soviet times (supposedly mothballed) - empty - are being pulled apart and destroyed ...
    There is an urgent need to optimize the structure of troops, which would more fully correspond to the potentially possible tasks that our troops will face in a given combat situation. The relocation of the Air Force to the structure of "squadron bases" also does not correspond to the needs of the troops for air cover in the case of airborne missiles and strategic offensive tasks.
    The unification and reduction of all species and genera to one structure is not always right and good. May God grant wisdom and correct informed decisions to the command of the Armed Forces and the General Staff.
  7. +5
    27 March 2013 09: 04
    It is a pity that no one will answer for the collapse of the army and senseless experiments that have finished off the troops. Serdyukov has not yet been touched, only delicately interrogated, and he carries nonsense and does not blow a mustache. There, everyone is building it.
    Lack of punishment for crimes entails new crimes. But the political will to stop all this is not in power. She doesn’t need it.
  8. +2
    27 March 2013 09: 26
    That's what a division is ???? A division is the first autonomous unit in the army. A kind of microstate .. The division has everything for itself, to solve almost any problem. A division is a complex and (at the same time) simple mechanism .. extremely viable.
    The division does not need to be taken care of. Parts and officers of the division are coordinated and developed for any regular and emergency situations.
    --
    And what is a brigade? This is the same regiment - overgrowth. But! A regiment torn with meat from a living organism of the division. Unviable and helpless. He has nothing of his own. The brigade cannot even provide for itself an elementary reconnaissance base ..
  9. +1
    27 March 2013 09: 42
    It’s good that they thought better of it on time, otherwise they would have remained without an army! soldier
  10. -1
    27 March 2013 09: 43
    Divisions are needed already because this is a completely different level of "forces and means" of reinforcement. But a more flexible approach to the state is required. It is necessary that the brigade (regimental) link be included in the divisions in the form of formed headquarters and directorates, as well as its own forces and means of reinforcement, but the number of battalions and battalion groups should depend on the decision of the division commander for this or that operation. That is, initially, these battalions should be of divisional subordination ...
    1. +1
      April 29 2014 10: 56
      Was it drawn to NATO? We won’t get such a number. Not the best staff. Three loafers of the brigade commander and ten stupid battalion commanders, yesterday's company commanders, that’s what will be with such staff in our army. Who will teach them - personally the division commander? So he sees the commander more often than his subordinates. The position of the brigade commander will be pre-retirement, a sort of colonel on eternal vacation, not responsible for anything and for everyone who is ill. The main factor in the infantry is coherence, it is brought up in peacetime, when the battalion commander not only knows who commands the neighboring battalion (division), but also knows the features of his immediate commander, and he, in turn, features his subordinates. In addition, it is impossible to achieve full cooperation among many separate battalions. And this is the loss in the war. And the regimental rear, the military economy? Who will do all this. And nobody forbade reinforcing one regiment operating at NSU at the expense of another from a secondary direction. Please temporarily reassign battalions based on the task. Who's stopping you? The same effect, but about a hundred times more. And so - a complete mess.
  11. rainer
    0
    27 March 2013 09: 59
    Bullshit ... You don’t know that tank and motorized rifle divisions of the post-war model are like an analogue of the mechanized corps of the war (those after 1942) and the regiments in the USSR are practically analogous to the brigade in the Second World War compare the states (not the quantity but the organization be surprised) therefore it would be more correct to compare not brigades with divisions but current corps with divisions of the times of the USSR ... Yes, and decide who you will fight with and do not need references to the fact that the country is large if you are going to defend yourself as in the Great Patriotic War, ANY of your requests will be few in any scenario ...
    1. Nesvet Nezar
      -2
      27 March 2013 10: 26
      They gathered to fight frontally with the support of aircraft carriers))))))))))))))) China, in their opinion, when it attacks Russia, it will immediately occupy the Far East, and we won’t be able to tell him anything in return . With us, all the missiles will break immediately. We’ll just cry in the corner. It is necessary to put millions of soldiers and divisions on the border so that they are not afraid of Chinese aggression))))))))) reflections on the Chinese attack on Russia are the arguments of the Poles in their village forums on the outskirts of Europe. The enemy is not in the north of China. Only a person can start a territorial war with Russia, and only in his inflamed brain, which still lives on in the 18th century ..... And we are not afraid of bombing China even in the environment. The winds are not blowing at us from China, but the Atlantic cyclones from Europe will blow us up in Europe in the event of our nuclear attack on the great Poland (Russian Catholics) from Europe
      1. +2
        27 March 2013 11: 12
        Nuclear weapons cannot solve all the problems; they can be repelled (forced to abandon) the classical invasion of the mass army, like the beginning of the 20th century. And Russia itself is also vulnerable to nuclear explosions, like China and others.
        But if millions of up to ten "guest workers" settle in the Far East and Siberia and begin, over time. download rights like Kosovo, and the Celestial Empire will intercede for them and help quietly?
        And there is the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Muslim world. Soft power, too, has not been canceled.
        Where are the targets for nuclear strikes? In their own way?
        And the division of natural resources in the Arctic?
        Our trawlers are regularly detained in Norway, or they can create an "intolerable regime" at all.
        Well, because of this, start a nuclear war?
        Of course not.
        It is necessary to have sufficient conventional forces, with the possibility of a sharp increase in the number of troops and forces of the fleet and aviation in the menacing period.
        And sleep soundly.
    2. +2
      27 March 2013 12: 08
      Quote: Rainger
      ... You do not know that the tank and motorized rifle divisions of the post-war model are like an analogue of the mechanized corps of the war ...
      Yes, and decide with whom you will fight ...

      Right. Corps, brigade staff, while maintaining the state was renamed into division.
      It is unclear what prevents even now from building cubes from cubes and giving them parts of reinforcement.
      "Division / brigade" - IMHO, that's not the point.
  12. avt
    0
    27 March 2013 10: 22
    In general, ... two steps to the left, two steps to the right, a step into the pirode and two back ... "as it is joyless request .
  13. 0
    27 March 2013 10: 40
    Who will be responsible for the "reforms"? When will officials of all ranks become responsible for their actions and inaction? When will incompetent officials be removed from power? More than 20 years old, when?
  14. 0
    27 March 2013 10: 59
    Despite this, all segments of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, with the exception of the Strategic Missile Forces, switched over to the brigade system and airborne troops Dear who told you this, I don’t know about all the Airborne Forces, but in my opinion Pskov 76th Airborne Forces in 10g (I can’t vouch for the date, I forgot) was transferred to the brigade, I know for sure, served at that time hi
    1. 0
      27 March 2013 11: 13
      Yes, sort of changed their minds. Only she is now an air assault.
  15. 0
    27 March 2013 11: 05
    Comment check
  16. Vovka levka
    +2
    27 March 2013 11: 26
    There is such fun, called "Reform".
  17. Maj.
    +2
    28 March 2013 20: 47
    The only pity is that the military officers dismissed in the course of Perdukov's "reforms" will not return to these new "old" divisions ...
  18. itr
    0
    April 13 2017 19: 58
    I read comments and I just can’t believe my eyes three years ago, it came out with my saliva that the divisions were dung and the brigades were just Napoleon’s old guard)))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )))))))))))
  19. 0
    17 September 2019 10: 41
    I wonder why the US Army divisions are historically very large? In terms of numbers and weapons, they are probably equal (in the 40s for sure) equal to our corps.
  20. 0
    21 May 2020 22: 24
    And now I will outline the REAL situation: ALL the Kremlin and regular "opposition" like daddy siu, Udaltsov, Taraskin, Grudinin, Platoshkin, etc. works for the State Department and under his leadership plays a performance for the cattle to distract him from the CLASS struggle! The massacre in Ukraine was jointly organized and supported by the Kiev kagal and the plutin with the Kremlin on the orders of their masters. In the RSFSR, the Kremlin deliberately causes discontent among the people, raising prices, introducing pension reform and brazenly creating lawlessness in order to provoke a riot of an unorganized crowd, and then kill the civilian population with the help of policemen, the National Guard, Kadyrov's gangs and scum disguised as Cossacks. Then the owners of the plutin use the airbase near Ulyanovsk, which the plutin donated to NATO, allegedly for transporting toilet paper, for delivering commanders and special equipment to create an army of punishers from the Zuidarbeiters brought by the plutin. And these are mostly physically strong men of military age, perfectly familiar with the terrain and from whom 600 divisions can be formed !!! This is more of Hitler's invading army! And they will not have to fight their way through the west of the USSR, they are already in Moscow and all large and not so big cities! They will cut out Moscow in a couple of days !!! And then they themselves will be destroyed by non-military methods. And your owners will receive lifeless, contaminated, in places possibly radioactive, territory! With the beginning of the civil war, the Jew will simply close the borders of the USSR and will destroy everyone who tries to escape. Including the local selling one, since the need for it will disappear, and traitors, like used condoms, are not needed by anyone!
    People! Learn !! Necessary !!! A.S.Kazennov M.V. Popov TIPS AS A FORM OF POWER.
  21. 0
    9 June 2023 09: 20
    With the Serdyukov reforms, everything is simply explained. Including with the transition to brigades.
    On the one hand, we have a saturation of the armed forces with all kinds of equipment, which 100 years ago were not even heard of. This technology needs people. In order for it to run, it needs to be refueled and serviced. As a result, we get armed forces in which real "bayonets and sabers" account for hardly a smaller number of servicemen who have this same bayonet purely nominally. To be. Because they really don't need it. And if necessary, then everything is already quite bad.

    On the other hand, there are many reasons why the conscription and, in general, the number of young men who are in principle fit for military service are declining. For two years the people do not want to serve categorically. Many do not want to serve at all, they had to be given an official way to "slope" in the form of all sorts of delays and "alternative" service. You can do whatever you want with it. But the fact that you transplant half of the conscripts will not make anyone feel better. Next - the progress of medicine. Science has gone ahead. Doctors now know much more about who will definitely not be of any use at the front, and they have a lot of technical ways to identify such people. In the United States, they are also crying because they cannot recruit contractors - 40% of applicants do not pass for health reasons. At the same time, women do not care that her beloved son is not suitable for military service. She decided for herself that she would give birth to two. Or one at all. Go to hell. If earlier "women gave birth" almost every year, because there was no contraception, because the woman was economically completely dependent on her husband, because half of the children born died anyway, and because there were exactly no extra hands in the peasant economy with mechanization 0 could not be by definition, now it’s good if they give birth to two, and the poor fellow with low immunity, etc., with an innate “bouquet”, who, under the tsar-father, would “safely” die at a tender age, the doctors will “pull out”. But for military service, it will be "B".

    From a third party. With such a legal "nihilism" of the population, it is necessary to maintain police of all kinds and in appearance more than a million people. More than 400 thousand of the National Guard (former internal, OMON, SOBR, VVO and "permission") and more than 900 thousand of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. By the way, they also have ladies serving in the teaching staff for a long time. Because still "in the field" is not enough. For the entire Krasnogorsk region, there are often TWO duty cars of the teaching staff.

    In short, by 900 thousand personnel before the NMD, which was several, but not much, less than in the Russian Empire in peacetime, comparable in population to the Russian Federation now, the actual infantry, tankers, etc., just three dozen brigades in the best case will be. ALL ground forces are slightly more than 400 thousand (and less than the Russian Guard). Plus the Airborne Forces and the Marines, who now and then have to be stuck in, like "ordinary" infantry. Because "usual" is not enough. Since it is impossible to keep a lot of shooters and tanks, we have to compensate for this with other firepower, i.e. artillery (compare our brigades and American ones). Therefore, brigades, regiments with a "body kit" from the division. And there is nothing left on the body. The modern army is drawn to the corps at best, but only the tasks it will have are far from "corps", not tactical.

    PS: before the Great Patriotic War, we had to hell with divisions, which, according to the state of peacetime, were supposed to have more than 14 thousand. But practically none of them had such numbers either in peacetime or in wartime. And not even 10 thousand. Well, if 8. And not 6-7. And then, by 1939, we had significantly fewer such divisions in number, new units began to actively form after it became clear that a clash with Germany was inevitable. And even after that, we had fewer divisions in number than the Germans drove from the field. Moreover, full-blooded and mobilized (now it is clear why 20 thousand tanks and aircraft were needed?). In short, let's be honest with ourselves. We stupidly don't have people for something else.

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