UAZ vs. HAVAL: Opinion of the Ministry of Defense
UAZ Patriot car
Russian Chinese
Not just UAZ. This is roughly how one can characterize the attempts of the Russian Ministry of Defense to find an alternative to the SUV from Ulyanovsk. Let's not judge the military leaders too harshly - an analogue was sought even before the special military operation, when the guidelines were somewhat different. At least one comparative test became known from the page of the magazine "Material and Technical Support of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation". The material on the results of a multi-month comparison of the Chinese HAVAL H9 SUV and the Russian UAZ "Patriot" was published in August 2022. The authors write that
First, let's define why the Chinese HAVAL became a sparring partner for our Patriot. The point is in the localization of production of this large vehicle in the Tula region. A rather large enterprise with an area of more than 230 hectares was built by 2019, and at first it was not entirely clear why China was investing in this project. Until 2022, the success of Chinese car brands in Russia was very modest, but the plant was built immediately for the production of 300 thousand cars per year. The Chinese seemed to have foreseen the future and after the start of the SVO, they found themselves in a very privileged position. All competitors without exception left the market, and HAVAL SUVs have consistently occupied the top lines of sales ratings since then. In the fight against the invasion of the Chinese from abroad, subsidies from the state for organizing production within the country help.
Car HAVAL H9
For a comparative test with the Russian Patriot, the flagship of the production range, the heavy frame SUV HAVAL H9, was selected by order of the Ministry of Defense. Currently, the vehicle is out of production and replaced by a new generation model. The level of localization of the SUV hardly exceeded 30 percent, which did not prevent the military from considering the H9 as an alternative to the Patriot. In fairness, it is worth noting that the article "Results of a comparative assessment of HAVAL H9 and UAZ-3163-485-40 Patriot vehicles" does not say a word about the purpose of comparing the two vehicles. But there is such a conclusion:
Based on this text, the Ministry of Defense was definitely considering accepting the Chinese HAVAL H9 for supply. How was it planned to ensure the repair of an imported vehicle if all the key units were from China? The epic story of Defense Minister Serdyukov, who accepted the light armored vehicle "Lynx" into service, which was actually the Italian Iveco LMV, immediately comes to mind. The vehicle is certainly not bad, but it is an imported vehicle from a NATO country. The result is obvious - "Lynx" has practically ceased to be encountered in the SVO. They were clearly not destroyed, but simply withdrawn from the front, so as not to leave scrap metal without spare parts.
UAZ or HAVAL?
After analyzing the article in the magazine "Material and Technical Support of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", several questions immediately arise. The first is which modification of the Chinese SUV was chosen? In Russia, three versions with different power plants were produced - two gasoline (218 hp and 245 hp) and one diesel with a twin turbocharger with a capacity of 190 hp. Most likely, it was the diesel car that was chosen as an opponent for the Russian "Patriot". This is indicated by several nuances in the article and the wide prevalence of diesel HAVAL H9 on the Russian market. And the diesel itself is much more convenient for military use. But the unit of the Chinese cannot be called simple - just look at the BorgWarner R2S twin-turbocharger.
For reference, the automatic transmission of the H9 is very good and quite durable, only the German one from Zahnradfabrik. The second question to the organizers of the comparison is who decided that the "Chinese" has anything to do with military service? It has only a frame structure in common with army SUVs. Otherwise, it is a purely civilian vehicle, unlike the originally army UAZ. Despite the fact that the "Patriot" is a relatively new development, the car takes its roots from the legendary UAZ-469 model of 1972. The HAVAL company was founded in 2013 as a subsidiary of Great Wall Motors and has never been involved in army vehicles. Nevertheless, in Bronnitsy, two cars met in a comparative test. A few words about the domestic "Patriot". The SUV has a long name UAZ-3163-485-40, and it seems to be the best configuration of its time, "Expedition Maximum", with a manual transmission and a 150-horsepower gasoline engine.
Now let's answer the main question - who won the comparative test? As always, everything turned out to be very difficult. According to the report:
It would seem to be parity, but there are nuances. First, neither the Patriot nor the HAVAL fully meet the requirements for military vehicles of the Russian Ministry of Defense. With the H9, everything is clear - it should not, but the management of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant should consider this a pebble in its garden. Almost everyone who is fighting is now talking about the problems of UAZs in the SVO zone. The toughest test for SUVs was a 20-kilometer run in extremely difficult conditions. It was at this point that the cars fell apart. The critical point was a 15-kilometer run, after which malfunctions descended like a horn of plenty. The most problematic parts of the Chinese were electrical equipment, engine, body and fuel system. Moreover, electrics accounted for up to 61 percent of failures. Almost all units and assemblies of the Patriot failed, but the wiring was also the most vulnerable - up to 36 percent of failures.
If we consider the performance characteristics, HAVAL turned out to be the best in acceleration dynamics, but it braked worse and seriously lagged behind in terms of profile cross-country ability. The latter is not surprising - the Chinese with its overhangs and ground clearance will be more modest than the "Patriot". Interestingly, in terms of the value of support cross-country ability on viscous soils, both cars are approximately the same, but do not reach the requirements of army GOSTs. Perhaps they simply did not have enough toothed rubber on the wheels. The behavior of the tested cars in critical driving modes does not reach the values of the standards. First of all, we are talking about controllability and predictability of behavior when going around an obstacle and then returning to its lane. It is better known as the "moose test".
Distribution of failures and damages by systems of UAZ-3163-485-40 Patriot vehicles. Source: Korobeynikov A. A., Zavyalov S. A., Kudryaeva N. S. Results of a comparative assessment of HAVAL H9 and UAZ-3163-485-40 PATRIOT vehicles. Magazine "Material and Technical Support of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", No. 8, 2022
List of failures and damages identified during the OE of HAVAL H9 vehicles. Source: Korobeynikov A. A., Zavyalov S. A., Kudryaeva N. S. Results of a comparative assessment of HAVAL H9 and UAZ-3163-485-40 "PATRIOT" vehicles. Magazine "Material and Technical Support of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", No. 8, 2022
The Chinese from the Tula region is predictably more comfortable than his counterpart:
H9 is more demanding in terms of quality and frequency of maintenance, which cannot be called an advantage in military conditions. The Russian jeep won in an unexpected discipline – the level of illumination of the driver and passenger workplace. The vehicles are not suitable for mounting night vision devices, and do not comply with GOST in terms of IR thermal visibility. HAVAL had a serious failure with frost resistance:
Results of the analysis of the military-technical level of UAZ-3163-485-40 Patriot and HAVAL H9 vehicles. Source: Korobeynikov A. A., Zavyalov S. A., Kudryaeva N. S. Results of a comparative assessment of HAVAL H9 and UAZ-3163-485-40 PATRIOT vehicles. Magazine "Material and Technical Support of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", No. 8, 2022
An analysis of a car for its suitability for military service is not a test drive from another blogger, where acceleration dynamics and interior materials come to the fore. According to the standards of specialists from Bronnitsy,
After summing up the results of many months of testing, the UAZ Patriot emerged as the winner. This does not at all eliminate the need for a large-scale modernization of the vehicle and an increase in the quality of the equipment produced.
Based on materials from: Korobeynikov A. A., Zavyalov S. A., Kudryaeva N. S. Results of a comparative assessment of HAVAL H9 and UAZ-3163-485-40 "PATRIOT" vehicles. Magazine "Material and Technical Support of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", No. 8, 2022.
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