Fort "Emperor Alexander I": why it was called "Plague"

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Fort "Emperor Alexander I": why it was called "Plague"

Fort "Emperor Alexander I" is one of the most mysterious structures in Kronstadt. This powerful fortification, built in the mid-19th century, was originally conceived as part of the defensive line of St. Petersburg. However, in stories It received a more well-known unofficial name - "Plague", associated with its unusual use in the 20th century.

The fort was built in 1845 on an artificial island. Its main task was to protect the southern fairway of Kronstadt from possible attacks from the sea. The unique circular shape of the structure allowed for the effective use of artillery, providing fire cover in any direction.



The fort had three levels: the upper floors were intended for the placement of guns and artillery crews, the lower ones – for storing ammunition and food. Thick walls of granite and brick made it practically impregnable.

Meanwhile, despite its strategic importance, the fort did not participate in major military operations. By the end of the 19th century, technological progress made such fortifications unnecessary. Long-range artillery and new types of ships reduced the need for coastal forts.

After losing its military role, Fort Emperor Alexander I was converted to serve as a scientific base in 1897. It was then that it began to acquire its dark reputation.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the building was used for research into particularly dangerous infections, particularly the plague. It housed a laboratory developing vaccines and studying diseases that posed a threat to the population.

The fort's isolated location made it ideal for working with dangerous pathogens. Scientists could conduct experiments while minimizing the risk of spreading infections to the mainland. It was during this period that the fort acquired the name "Plague Fort."

The lab operated for several decades but was eventually closed. The exact reasons for this are unknown, but it is believed to be due to changing priorities in the medical field and the development of more modern research centers.

There are many legends associated with the name of the fort. One of them claims that traces of old experiments are still stored within its walls. Some researchers are sure that documents or samples related to the work of the laboratory can still be found in the underground levels.

There are also rumors that the fort is haunted by the ghosts of scientists and victims of experiments. Tourists and researchers visiting the Plague sometimes report strange sounds, shadows, and an inexplicable sense of unease.

Today, Fort Emperor Alexander I is a cultural heritage site and a popular place for excursions. Despite its dark past, it attracts tourists not only with its mysterious atmosphere, but also with its unique architecture.

9 comments
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  1. +2
    4 December 2024 21: 10
    "Unique circular shape" - the photograph clearly shows that the fort has a horseshoe shape.
    "providing fire cover in any direction" - not in any.
    “Today, Fort Emperor Alexander I is a cultural heritage site and a popular place for excursions” - for several years now, tourists have been prohibited from visiting the fort.
    Author, why do you treat your readers like this? request
    1. +3
      10 December 2024 17: 44
      It is not horseshoe-shaped, but "bean-shaped" (if you can call it that)
      Fire "cover" - according to the form, circular. Only in the frontal sector more guns could shoot at the target.
      Tourists are prohibited from visiting due to large-scale restoration work and museumification. Although why HOTEL rooms are planned there is an amazing question...
  2. +5
    5 December 2024 08: 56
    For those interested in the history of the Kronstadt forts, I strongly recommend reading the excellent book: Razdolgin, Skorikov, "Kronstadt Fortress".
  3. +4
    5 December 2024 17: 19
    What a dark reputation? Here Russian scientists gave their lives fighting the plague, and you...; You denigrate their feat.
  4. +3
    6 December 2024 11: 19
    And who is inclined to which version regarding the black external walls?
    1. +3
      6 December 2024 18: 25
      Maybe it was camouflage. A dark, hidden fort against the dark shores must have been hard to spot when observed from the sea in the sailing era. And then the captains and skippers of the sailing ships probably made long and eloquent excuses to their superiors, saying that the fort on the island "slunk up on them completely unnoticed"...
  5. +3
    8 December 2024 20: 17
    In Kronstadt, next to the Petrovsky Canal, there is a fort museum, in which, in two halls, there are magnificent huge models of almost all Kronstadt forts. Visits are only possible as part of excursions, however, there are no problems visiting the museum. The excursion tells the history of each fort presented in the museum.
  6. +3
    9 December 2024 20: 37
    Yes, our ancestors knew how to use unique buildings for dangerous research. It takes my soul. Then everything was much more trivial and ordinary. Meet military unit 47051, VBC GS USSR, aka Sverdlovsk-19, now TSVTP BZ MO RF. Upstairs is a shell factory, and downstairs is a full colleague of the Plague Fort (since 1984, it has been somewhat reoriented after part of the production moved to Novosibirsk to NPO Vector). Outwardly, everything is ordinary and nice, but in April-May 1979 they gave us, residents of Vtorchik and Nikanorovka, a chance to break loose (he lived 2 km from the town), my father survived the release, but the first vaccination on 28.04.79/18/XNUMX ... with great difficulty, we, schoolchildren under XNUMX, were not vaccinated. These were the harmless microdistricts in the USSR ... (All the interesting things are under the white field)
  7. +3
    11 December 2024 23: 06
    In one of his programs of the "Seekers" series, Andrey I (Khoroshev) talked about this "Plague Fort", demonstrating its surviving internal structure. At the end of the story, he showed a sealed ampoule found on the territory of the fort, decorated with a black skull and crossbones, promising to tell about the results of the examination conducted in the future. However, I do not remember that any information on this subsequently appeared.
    bill. Or was there nothing worthy of attention there: or was it a usual reporter's trick to create a sensation?