The Novaya Zemlya test site in the Arkhangelsk region, where the world's most powerful thermonuclear bomb was tested

The Novaya Zemlya archipelago is the largest and most closed in the Russian Arctic. It is here that our only active nuclear test site is located.
This year, this facility turns 70 years old. At the same time, the Russian Defense Ministry recently reported that the central testing ground on the Novaya Zemlya archipelago in the Arkhangelsk region is ready to resume nuclear testing if necessary.
It is worth noting that a total of one hundred and thirty nuclear tests were conducted here: eighty-eight atmospheric, thirty-nine underground and three underwater.
Meanwhile, the most famous test was the explosion of the most powerful thermonuclear bomb in stories or, as it was nicknamed, the "Tsar Bomba." The test took place on October 30, 1961.
We are talking about a hydrogen bomb (thermonuclear) with a calculated yield of 100 megatons, which after careful calculations and approvals was reduced to 50 megatons for testing. However, this was enough to make an indelible impression on the geopolitical opponents of the USSR, primarily the USA.
It all happened in the following way. The munition was dropped from a Tu-95 bomber at an altitude of about 10 km, after which a parachute slowed its fall so that the plane had time to move away to a safe distance.
The explosion occurred at an altitude of 4 km above the ground, creating a fireball about 8 km in diameter and forming a mushroom cloud about 64 km high.
The power of the explosion was so enormous that the shock wave circled the globe three times, and the light from the flash was visible at a distance of more than 1000 km. Despite the colossal destructive force, the explosion was airborne and left no traces on the ground.
What is characteristic is that after more than a hundred nuclear explosions, the radiation background at the test site today does not exceed the natural level.
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