Fighter aviation during the war years it has become one of the main types of air defense forces and the main means of combating enemy aircraft at distant approaches to cover objects. The flight crews made about 170 thousand sorties and destroyed 4170 enemy aircraft in air battles and at airfields.
October 25 1996. By order of the commander-in-chief of the Air Defense Forces No. 300, the day 22 of January was declared the annual holiday of the air defense aviation.
Air defense aviation is one of the main and most maneuverable branches of the Russian air defense forces. Over the years, the legendary airplanes such as the MiG-1, MiG-3, Yak-1, Yak-7, Yak-9, LaGG-3, La-5, La-7 and many others were in service with air defense aviation units. Today, the main fighters in service with air defense aircraft are MiG-31 and Su-27 aircraft of various modifications.
Throughout its stories Air defense aircraft were transferred several times from the Air Defense Forces to the Air Force and back. In 1998, after the unification of the Air Force and the Air Defense Forces into a single species, the air defense aircraft as a branch of service ceased to exist. But there remained the fighter air bases, which today continue to effectively solve the tasks of the air defense of our country.
Now this holiday does not formally exist, because in 1998, the Air Force swallowed air defense. Air Force Day is celebrated on August 12. This year will mark the 101 anniversary of this event.
In this report, I want to tell about the place where air defense aviation begins - about the place where pilots retrain on MiG-31 - about the branch of the 4-th Order of Lenin of the Red Banner Center for Combat Use and Retraining of the Air Force of the V. Chkalov Air Force.
Sawasleyka airbase. Past and present…
The garrison of the Savasleyka airbase is located on the territory of the Kulebakinsky district, Nizhny Novgorod region, 340 km from Moscow.
Travel time on vehicles is in the summer 4 hours, in the winter about 5. Local residents also use public transport (night trains in the Navashino-Moscow section (Kazanskiy railway station).
Over time, the formation and re-formation of the formations located in the garrison territory took place. I will describe the main ones below:
54 Guards Red Banner Kerch Fighter Wing.
In 1941-1945, the regiment's pilots made 7254 combat sorties, in 604 single and group battles shot down 205 and damaged 70 enemy planes. 8 pilots of the unit were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. In the postwar period, the regiment performed the task of protecting the air borders of our country.
148 Red Banner Center for combat use and retraining of personnel.
Over the years of the Second World War, more than 100 air regiments and individual air squadrons were manned, prepared and sent to the front, redeployed to front airfields with more 6000 fighters, retrained around 1500 pilots and 6000 ITS military personnel.
350 Separate communications and radio battalion (OBS and RTO).
The formation of the part was carried out in August 1950, the 56 fighter air defense air corps at the expense of parts of the air corps. 17.02.1950 of the year was given the name of the part - “39 stationary airfield control (65393 military unit)”. November 23 The 1950 of the year became part of the Red Banner Training Center for blind night training and combat use of fighters of the country's air defense forces (military unit 23599). 04.04.1981 was given the actual name “350 Separate Communication and Radio Battalion (65393 military unit)”.
3551 Aviation technical base.
1 March 1954 of the year on the basis of the directive of the General Staff of the CA of 18.01.1954, on the basis of 843 and 850 separate aviation technical battalions at the airfield of Savasleyka, the aviation technical base of the 1-level (military unit 36797) was formed. The formation of the base was made by Colonel Porhun I.L., and he finished it on 5 on May 1954. The base directly performs the tasks of logistical support for the regiment of the control center, as well as the vital activities of the garrison.
725 Combat Control Center.
The 33114 military unit is created on the basis of the Directive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation of 14.01.1993 of the year and the General Staff of the Air Defense Forces of 06.07.1993 of the year with the definition of July 1 part (military unit 3311). Formed from the 03034 and 23599 "C" military unit. The personnel of the CBU Aviation skillfully performs the tasks, regardless of weather conditions, while providing automated control of the combat actions of the IAP, radar flight support and flights in the far zone.
3958 Guards Kerch Red Banner Aviation Base.
Pursuant to the Directive of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation on 05.07.2002, No. Д-030, and the Directive of the General Staff of the Air Force on 29.07.2002, No. XXUMX / 665 / 2, in order to improve the organizational structure of the 0450 Combat Training and Training Center (Air Force) in accordance with 4 objectives September 1, the 2002 aviation base was formed. By the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation 3958 March 26 of the year No. 2005 348, the aviation base transferred honorary names, the Military flag and state awards of the Kern Red Banner Aviation Regiment of 3958, which had been disbanded, was renamed 54 Guards Kerch Red Banner Aviation Regiment.
The following types of aircraft were based on the airfield at different times: I-15bis, I-16, LaGG-3, La-5, La-7, Yak-15, MiG-15, Yak-17, MiG-17, Yak-25, MiG-19, Su-9, Yak-28, Su-11, Tu-128, Su-15, MiG-25, MiG-23, MiG-31, Su-27, Su-30. Helicopters: Mi-4 and Mi-8.
30 June 1940 year in the village. The Seym (Gorod. Volodarsk, Gorky Region) formed the 166 backup IAP of the Air Force of the Moscow Military District.
1941-1945 of the year - the flight crew of the Air Force and Navy is retrained on the LaGG-3, La-5, La-7 aircraft. Prepared for combat 106 air regiments. Retrained 1003 pilot, 5959 engineers and technicians. Overtaken to the front of the 4199 aircraft.
1946-1955 of the year - is the development of jet aircraft: Yak-15, La-15, MiG-9, Yak-17, MiG-15, MiG-17, Yak-25, MiG-19.
20 February 1947, the regiment was transformed into the Red Banner Training and Methodological Center of the Air Force.
28 February 1950 of the Year The center was transformed into the Red Banner Center for Air Defense Aviation of the country.
October 21 The unique museum of the Red Banner Air Defense Center of the country opened in the garrison in October 1973. The museum contains several thousand interesting photographs, information archives, flight books of pilots, pennants, awards that served in the garrison and other exhibits.
In 1985, in the center of retraining, Aircraft Major General Anisimov OV, Colonels Nagorny VI, Maksimov I.M. were the first to master the T-10 (Su-27) product. At this time, test-pilot Viktor Georgievich Pugachev, who was a pioneer in mastering this aircraft, very often arrived.
In 1993, the crews (p.k. Shmakov, SM, p / p.k. Churkin, M.N., p.k. Patrakeev, G.V., p / p.k. Kazachenko, AN) 148 pulp and paper industry and first time in air defense aviation, refuel the MiG-31 in the air.
In 1994, the pilots (pp. Karapetyan, MK, pp. Zverev AV, p / p. To Zhikharev, S.I.) 148 pulp and paper station for the first time in air defense aviation made refueling in the air of Su-27 aircraft .
9 May 1995, the 148 pilots of the pulp and paper industry and the air defense aviation aviation crew took part in the Su-27 and MiG-31 air parade in honor of the Victory Day's 50 anniversary in the city of Moscow over the mountain of worship.
From 5 to 9 in August 1996, the American delegation of the United States Air Force, headed by the commander of 11 by the United States Air Army, Lieutenant General Lorenz Bowes, visited the Sawasleyka garrison with a friendly visit.
Currently, the MiG-31BS and MiG-31BM are based at the aerodrome. Gradually, rearmament of the upgraded MiG-31BM takes place. This is due to the fact that pilots, navigators and ITS military units are trained there, where they are already based or are planning to change the aircraft to the BM in the near future. The differences are very large and relate to ergonomics in the cockpit, the appearance of rear-view mirrors for the pilot, multifunctional displays for the pilot and navigator, updated avionics.
By the way, it was the garrison in Sawasleyk that received the first MiG-31BM - it was an airplane w / n 91 blue and this happened in the 2008 year. Currently, the garrison has 5 upgraded aircraft b / n from 91 to 95 blue, respectively.
In addition, the modernization of the aerodrome services is slowly but surely taking place. For example, the Start Command Point is fully updated. Now the launch controller has a spacious and light kung with an excellent view of the runway and the airfield, which is well heated, and in terms of equipment, it is very well equipped. Even the weather station is installed last generation. The equipment is domestic, but modern. This is good news.
The author is grateful for the help in writing the article to the Office of the Press Service and Information of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
And now a few photos:
1. On the executive.
2.
3. Checking the output of the engines to the Full Fast and Furious mode after a snowfall ...
4.
5. brake parachutes
6. Landing MiG-31BM
7. Take off MiG-31BM
8. Two green rockets - the beginning of the flight
9.
10. Preparing for departure
11. Provisioning machines
12. CRT
13. Alignment
14. Village and Plane.
15. Band release
16. LUT and care to intercept targets in Fast and Furious mode Full
17. Lantern and retracted refueling bar.
