Feat Ikansko hundreds

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4-6 December 1864, one hundred Ural Cossacks under the command of Esaul V.R. Serova took the heroic battle against more than ten thousandth troops of Khan Mulla-Alimkul, near Ikan (20 versts from Turkestan). A detachment sent for reconnaissance collided with Khan Mullah-Alimkuly, hundreds of times superior. Understanding that the discovery of an enemy detachment was inevitable, Vasiliy Rodionovich Serov ordered to step back a little - to the small beam he had noticed earlier. Having gone no more than half a verst back, the detachment was immediately surrounded by huge gatherings of Kokands, who at first approached a hundred with “silent silence,” and then began to attack with a wild cry. Having ordered the Cossacks not to waste shots and let the enemy closer, Serov then waved his hand, and the surrounding hills resounded with the sound of a fierce volley of rifles and a unicorn. Kokandians were taken aback by the repulse they had received and with considerable damage retreated in disarray and confusion.

Feat Ikansko hundreds




The Cossack Terenty Tolkachev, who was standing beside the gun, commanded by the Ober Fireworks of Sins, joyfully lifted his rifle into the air after a well-aimed shot at one of the leaders of the Kokand racers who had jumped ahead of their dzhigits directly on the gun. He fell backward from his horse, arms spread wide. In the Cossacks it was considered a good shot - it means that the bullet hit right in the head ... A volley of thunder from a unicorn, thundering through the second, into the thick of the enemy, turned the Kokands to flight. Seeing the confusion and confusion among the cavalry of the enemy, rushing back, crushing their own wounded, he shouted: - Eka Vatarba (turmoil) has begun! After a while, the Kokands with a new fury and shouts of “Alla-Illa! ”Again stormed and received an even more crushing blow. To prevent the enemy from determining the true strength of his unit, V.R. Serov ordered to move the unicorn from one front to another. The buckshot fell into the thick of the enemy, inflicting enormous damage. Marked shooting, which the Cossacks are famous for, struck first of all the commanders of the Kokands, and at a considerable distance, causing the Kokand hordes to be disorganized and retreated. Having suffered significant losses and being discouraged by the severity of the Cossacks, Alimkul (then he did not know that there were only a hundred of them) ordered his troops to withdraw and make fires. Combat gun calculations and shooters from the falconet were instructed to bombard the Cossacks all night long, preventing them from improving their fortifications or at least a little rest. On the rest, not to mention the dream, there was no question. A grenade whistled through the air, and the very first explosion killed three horses at once. The cannonade, which continued all night, began, which mainly affected horses and camels huddled in the middle of the beam. Only a few Cossacks who held them were contused. Under the cover of night, the sarbazes repeatedly tried to crawl unnoticed to the location of the detachment and attack the Cossacks. But the natural qualities of the Cossacks: sensitive hearing and keen eyesight, along with military experience (many of the Urals were in the service for more than 15 years, had previously fought with Kokand, night forays of the enemy. Despite the harassing night cannonade and night shooting, without rest and food, no one was discouraged. Clear orders of the commander of the detachment Serov and centurion Abramichev, thanks to which a hundred took the chosen position in advance and successfully repelled the first massive attacks of the enemy - even among the novices they strengthened confidence in their superiority over the enemy, no matter how cruel and numerous. At night, after the eighth shot of a unicorn, his wheel broke. Fireworks Sins showed ingenuity, immediately commanding the rest of the gunners: - Well, guys, let's get the wheels from under the boxes with the shells. The Ural Cossacks Terentiy Tolkachev and Platon Dobrinin, who were singled out to help the gunners, helped the gunners to remove the wheels and fit them to the gun. However, since the hubs of the wheels were larger than the axes of the cannon, the fireworker ordered: “Tie with ropes to the unicorn!” Now the wheels of the gun could not spin while moving, and the centurion Abramichev sent two more Cossacks to Grekhov’s disposal: Vasily Kazantsev and Kuzma Bizyanov. On their strong backs and arms, the Ural Cossacks helped the gunners to move the unicorn. Esaul Serov selected the most intelligent and dashing Cossacks, his favorites, to help the gunners, realizing with bitterness that the most accurate arrows and gunners of the enemy will certainly try to hit it with a weapon and combat crew around it. One of his favorites was Terenty Tolkachev. All the Cossacks respected him for ingenuity, speed and amazing accuracy of shooting. Even from a smooth-bore rifle, he could remove a Kryakovny from a flock at an altitude of 100 meters. weapons - Terenty's joy knew no bounds. - With such a weapon, the Cossack is a hundred times rich! - He came up with an addition while staying in Turkestan, cleaning up a favorite rifle by the fire at the bivouac. The morning brought relief: now the Cossacks saw the enemy in their hands and could keep him at a distance, shattering with well-aimed shots of individual bold jigits, who from time to time tried to jump up to the location of the Ural hundreds from 100. Crowds of these tired riders who did not know their small, lean horses, in the high Malahai, were armed with long peaks and rifles. Some of them were dressed in armor and chain mail of their ancestors and waving curved swords. Along with smooth-bore weapons, those who were richer were British and Belgian rifles, as well as revolvers. From the side of Ikan, more and more new horse and foot units of the Kokand arrived.



It finally became clear that this was Alimkul's army, which, together with the Sadiq gangs, numbered from 10 to 12 thousands of people. Only later, Lieutenant Colonel Zhemchuzhnikov will be informed of the data received from the residents of Ikan: that the total number of troops of Mullah Alimkul, tied up on December 5 to the environs of Ikan was about 20 thousands. Serov ordered not to waste cartridges and shoot only mainly according to the artillery calculations of the enemy and the military commanders, who stood out among the rest of the equestrians with rich clothing, painted turban, expensive harness and horse saddles. In the morning the enemy shelling (Alimkul had 3 guns and around 10 falcons) intensified. And if at night among the Cossacks there were only four contused, then by noon, the fifth of December several people died from shotguns and bullets. The first of the Cossacks was Prokofy Romanov (early December 5 morning).

Most of the horses and camels were killed and the Cossacks under the constant fire of the enemy dragged them to the sides of the beam to protect the others from nuclear fragments and grenades. Meanwhile, from a distance across the steppe, the movement of enemy cavalry to the north became noticeable. The Cossacks began to look in the direction of the Turkestan road hopefully, hoping that this movement was probably connected with the approach of aid from Turkestan. Despite the fact that the night attack by Alimkul’s troops surrounding the hundreds of Serov was unexpected and swift, the есаsahul managed to send the postman to Turkestan with the news that the hundred took the battle with the superior forces of the enemy. Only later it turned out that the messenger had not reached the garrison. The experienced acesul Serov did not send the second postman, on the assumption that the strong sound of the night cannonade was to be heard in the city, and Lieutenant-Colonel Pearl was already surely taken steps to rescue the Cossacks from the environment. Will the detachment, which came to the aid of the Urals with hordes that moved towards him, go to Turkestan?

Soon a distant drone of artillery was heard. The Cossacks, even for a while, stopped firing, trying to hear any sound through the rattling of the rifle gun of the Sarbaz to hear any sound carried by the breeze from the north. The centurion Abramichev raised his hand, urging all the fighters to stand still for a minute. In the ensuing brief silence from Turkestan, several more shots were heard. Their sounds were so barely distinguishable that it was possible to assume that the battle was going somewhere on the outskirts of Turkestan. Maybe this is already Kokand attack the small garrison? From this thought alone, the icy cold enveloped the soul ... But here the Cossack Bartholomew Konovalov, famous for his sensitive hearing, whispered in a whisper:

- Chu, quiet! , - and Pavel Mizinov coughed up a deep pulmonary cough. He went to the other side of the beam and lay on the bedclothes next to Nikon Loskutov, who let him take a few puffs from his pipe. Religion (they observed the old rite) did not allow the Ural Cossacks to smoke, so they allowed themselves only during the hikes. Approaching their native lands, they got rid of the remnants of tobacco and broke pipes ... From the direction of the Turkestan direction, new distant sounds of gunfire were heard. - Hey, brothers, firing something closer! By God closer! “This is a detachment coming!”, His constable Panfil Zarschikov, a veteran of the Crimean War, authoritatively supported him. “Your nobility,” the constable sent out to Cries to Abramichev, “from the direction of Turkestan the sounds of an approaching battle are heard ...” “I hear, I hear!” Joy swept the Cossacks, many began to be baptized: indeed, glory to the saints - after all, the next day - December 6 was to mark the feast of St. Nicholas! Nicholas the saint ... The Ural Cossacks were Old Believers and firmly believed in the Lord ... From the time of the Battle of Poltava, in which the Ural Cossack regiment participated, Peter the Great complained about the Yaik Cossacks “with a cross and a beard for ever and ever” - allowed them to preserve old rituals and wear beards . He bestowed it on them for the victory of the daring Ural Cossack Ryzhechka, who had put the Swedish duel of two meters tall in a steel armor in a duel before the battle ...

The treacherous and quirky Sultan Sadik was in a state of confusion: it was impossible to stop the advancement of the “Uruses” detachment, who stubbornly went to the rescue of the Urals. Their reunification and the appearance of fresh cavalry among the Cossacks would have led to the final demoralization of Alimkul's troops. And it is only one detachment of the Kokands to take flight - the Cossacks will drive them day and night. This experienced enemy knew how to follow the Ural Cossacks in the steppe. They will neither eat nor sleep, but constantly pursue the enemy, because they know the law of the steppes well - on the shoulders of the enemy it is easier to drive ten times more.

If you give him only a couple of hours of respite, he will regroup and “rest”. Then the whole thing down the drain! And here Sadyk came up with another insidious trick: he walked around the Russian squadron, moreover, in the immediate vicinity of him - at a distance of a gun shot (so that they could see his cavalry) and moved to Turkestan. Then he sent a messenger to Alimkul and asked to send another five thousand horsemen for the same maneuver in the direction of Turkestan. This maneuver, according to his plan, was supposed to make the Russian detachment think that the Kokands had already smashed a hundred Serov and moved to the capture of the city. Indeed, the Russians turned back and followed him to Turkestan, not having reached any three or four miles to their comrades surrounded by the enemy. So, the trick of Sultan Sadyk was a success: the detachment of Second Lieutenant Sukorko hurried to the defense of Turkestan, before reaching the hundreds of Ural Cossacks who were surrounded. The sounds of shots began to move away and subsided altogether. A spark of hope, which was ignited in the souls of the Urals, began to fade. What happened to the detachment who came to the rescue? Is it broken? The sound of gunfire coming from Turkestan was not heard at all. The shelling of hundreds of Serov by the Kokands stopped for some time. In the steppe, at full speed, right on the position of the Ural residents, a jigit rushed with a white rag in his hand.

Having reached the improvised parapet built by the Cossacks, the messenger handed the centurion Abramichev a note in Tatar with the seal of Mulla-Alimkul. Scout Akhmet, in syllables, began to translate the text of the note to Esaul V.R. Serov, however, he said loudly: - Read aloud, let all the Cossacks hear! The message of Mullah-Alimkul (then this note was given to the commandant of the city of Turkestan) read: “Where are you leaving now? The detachment deported from Azret (as Kokandis called Turkestan) was defeated and driven back. Out of a thousand (this once again confirms that Alimkul was not sure about the exact number of Cossacks who opposed him — auth.), Your squadron will not have one! Surrender and accept our faith! I will not hurt anyone ... ”Esaul was silent, slightly bowing his gray head. On the high forehead, reddened by tension, a pulsating artery was clearly visible. It became clear that there was nowhere to wait for help. It remained to fight to the end. Each of the Cossacks, who were standing around Ahmet, who was reading the letter, suddenly realized that death was inevitable. Death became as tangible and inevitable as it was a firm and unshakable choice: death for Faith, Tsar and Fatherland! The short silence that reigned after Ahmet’s reading of the last sentence of Alimkul’s message was broken by the cold of Pavel Mizinov, who reloaded his rifle and exhaled decisively:

- Do not like! Oh, not love, brothers! “Uzhho to the bassurmans will cost our heads dearly,” said the constable Alexander Zheleznov, the most authoritative of the Cossacks with his remarkable strength and military prowess, “Oh, they will pay dearly! - Eh, let's set Karachun (let's massacre) Alimkulu! All the Cossacks enthusiastically boomed, loading their guns and preparing to respond to the shameful proposals of the enemy with fire. Esaul Serov rose from his seat, and everyone for a moment quieted down: - Thank you, Cossacks! I did not expect any other answer from you! You see how Alimkul you scared: instead of a hundred, he sees a thousand! The Cossacks laughed. Nervous tension was relieved. Vasily Rodionovich took off his cap and, repeatedly overshadowing himself with the sign of the cross, began to read “Our Father ...”. He was echoed by the voices of his comrades, merging into a single chorus of low baritones and basses, rolling in a quiet echo through the surrounding mounds and hills, rising in trickles of steam to the frosty sky sparkling from myriads of small snowflakes. The military people, from generation to generation, passing along the sharp edge of their fate between life and death, the Cossacks, like no one else, were perhaps religious. Ask anyone who has walked at least once in a similar way - and they will confirm to you: nothing develops religious feelings like war ...

Suddenly, a bright winter sun emerged from behind the clouds and illuminated the surrounding hills, giving the Orthodox a good sign. Despair or doubt had no place in their souls. Everyone made this choice for himself a long time ago ... Having created a prayer and hoisted his cap on his head, the centurion Abramichev adjusted his belt and commented in a commanding voice: “Hundred, in places!” Coming to battle! At the command of Abramichev, a hundred gave a friendly volley toward the enemy. Many of the most remote jigits of Alimkul, who were driving at a distance of a shot, fell from their horses. Mullah-Alimkul, having received a refusal from the Urals to surrender, and seeing that they were continuing to resist, went berserk. On the advice of Sultan Sadyk, he ordered to weave shields of reeds and brushwood and, tying them to two-wheeled arbas, “go tackle” to strengthen the Cossacks. Behind each of these shields, up to a hundred sarbaz could go in single file, avoiding well-aimed shots of the Urals. Approaching at a distance of one hundred sazhen to a beam in which hundreds of Serov sat down, they rushed to the attack, but invariably met volley fire from the Urals and turned to flight.

The fast twilight was on hand to the Kokands. Looking hard at the dank darkness of the night, the Cossacks waited for the assault on the part of the enemy, encouraged by the dayly success of the cunning maneuver of Sultan Sadyk. If the Alimkul gatherings had decided on such an assault, they would undoubtedly crush a handful of Ural brave men with numbers ... The frost grew stronger and the snow that fell late in the evening somewhat improved visibility at night twilight: the enemy’s movements were distinguishable at a distance more than a mile and a half the Cossacks could determine the direction the next strike of the enemy.

For two days, the Urals have not eaten or slept, and the cartridges have already come to an end. It was necessary to do something, to sit still and wait for the ammunition to completely run out - it was equal to suicide. Esaul Serov made the only correct decision, which the experienced Cossacks insisted on - to send messengers to Turkestan in order to find out the situation there and call a new detachment to help it, and in the morning itself - to make a breakthrough from the environment towards the Turkestan unit. Cavalier (a native of the nobility) Andrei Borisov himself expressed this idea to Abramichev and volunteered to volunteer to deliver the despatch of Esaula Serov to Turkestan. Having military experience for more than 11 years (and against the Kokands, and in the Crimea, he already had the Order of St. George of the first degree), he volunteered to go first to the garrison alone on foot. Paying tribute to his courage, esaul Serov, nevertheless, decided to send him astride, accompanied by two or three more people, in order to act for sure and without fail to deliver the dispatch to Turkestan. Borisov, together with Pavel Mizinov, Varfolomey Konovalov and Kirghiz Akhmet, appeared before the captain and captain Abramichev. Vasily Rodionovich looked at their equipment and stopped his eyes on Mizinov’s pale and thin face:

- You, the brother is more necessary here, and besides, not healthy. Do not seek, darling, - he refused to send him to the people of Borisov. Serov was happy for this courageous Cossack, who, after assigning him the rank of centurion, was then demoted for his self-righteousness and revelry. Now, he proved himself well in the campaign, encouraged the Cossacks with words and skillful actions in battle, cemented his presence with a hundred. He really, was needed here, and not in the desperate sortie of brave souls who volunteered to break through to Turkestan ... After all, Andrei Borisov and his people were almost to certain death ...

- Well, what, the Cossacks, - he turned to the others, including Ahmet, who already many times proved dedication with blood and blood, - you know what you are going on, you also know our customs - we only assign hunters with such errands ... your nobility, everyone volunteered for his own hunt, ”answered Andrei Borisov, looking around at the rest of his comrades. “So your task will be to ride around the enemy on the right side and up the mountains — to get into Turkestan.” Deliver the dispatch and this note (the message of Mulla-Alimkul) to the commandant and call for reinforcement to our detachment. If we do not wait for help in the morning, in any case we will break out of the encirclement along the Turkestan road. So pass it on! - Yes, your nobility! - the cavalier Borisov answered him and took under a peak. Wearing rifles over coats, he and Konovalov were about to jump into the saddles, when the еса sul and the centurion took out their holsters and handed them their revolvers: - It will not hurt! With God! - Serov said firmly and patted Andrei Borisov on the shoulder. In one fell swoop, the messengers jumped into their saddles and disappeared into the darkness of the night - after Ahmet. Less than half an hour, as from the side where the Cossacks galloped, shots rang out ... after a while they returned. As it turned out, a mile and a half they stumbled upon an enemy picket (fortunately, Ahmet galloped ahead) and, having shot at him, turned back to a hundred. Despite the setback, Andrei Borisov again began to insist to go alone on foot, but Serov listened to Ahmet’s advice and ordered him to go tops to the left of the enemy’s position. So did. Instead of Bartholomew Konovalov with Borisov and Akhmet, the dashing Cossack Akim Chernov galloped, the best horseman in a hundred, who distinguished himself many times in night raids and the capture of tongues. The newly started snowfall was most welcome. The scouts again embraced their comrades, crossed themselves and dissolved in the snowy haze. In the early morning dawn break of the next day, the Cossacks saw that the enemy was already prepared about 20 mantelets (piles) and shields of reeds and brushwood, connected overnight. They were placed hundreds from different sides of the position, which indicated that the enemy finally decided to simultaneously attack the strengthening of the Urals.

The situation was more than critical. Desiring to prolong the time as much as possible, Esaul Serov decided to begin negotiations with the enemy. Having warned the Cossacks, he stepped forward a few steps and waved his hand to the enemy, indicating that he wanted to enter into negotiations. The Kokandets with a gun came out from the enemy side. To the surprise of Serov, he spoke in pure Russian, even without much emphasis. For a long time he did not agree to put the weapon on the ground, referring to the fact that it does not prevent him. Nevertheless, the ésaul convinced him that it was not customary to negotiate this way. At the desire expressed by Serov to talk personally with Mulla-Alimkul, the parliamentarian said that “he is a sovereign and cannot move far from his line ...”. At the same time, the Kokandets offered the есsaula himself to go to the location of Alimkul’s troops and advised him to surrender to his mercy, giving the most flattering promises. Meanwhile, manteletas and shields began to roll toward the strengthening of the Urals, and the ésaul rebuked the Kokandtsa that the offensive was never done during negotiations. Cossacks, having prepared to shoot at the enemy, shouted to Esaula Serov: - Your honor, leave soon, we will shoot now! After that, he returned to the position. It was won about two hours of time. Only later, Vasily Rodionovich will understand that it was these two hours that saved the lives of those Cossacks from the Urals hundred who survived after a three-day Ikan battle.

Ural Cossacks met with heavy fire approaching enemy shields to their positions. In response, the enemy led incessant and fairly well-aimed shooting, not allowing the gunners to move the unicorn gun from front to front. Four times Kokands rushed to the attack from behind the manthels, but the Cossack volley fire again and again forced them to retreat to their shelters. All the horses of the Cossacks were finally killed by artillery fire and enemy shots. The victims grew exponentially: by noon, the 3 conscript, the 33 Cossack and the 1 stand were killed, the 4 gunner was wounded, and several Cossacks were wounded. Death was everywhere. She was in the eyes of plaintively wheezing horses, she was on the foreheads of gravely wounded Cossacks writhing in pain at the bottom of the beam. Despite the merciless fire of the enemy, as well as a large number of dead and wounded, the heroic actions of several Cossacks: the constable Alexander Zheleznov, Vasily Ryazanov and Pavel Mizinov — supported the fighting spirit of the fighters. Being a marksman, Vasily Ryazanov "shot" one after another of the leaders of groups of Kokands who tried to storm the fortifications of the Urals. Yes, he did it with jokes and arguing with his comrades: now on Shmat lard, then on the bottle of the first bag. Pavel Mizinov, under shelling, dug out bags of ammunition from the rubble and carried them around, encouraging his comrades with a cheerful song and joke. Having dragged the seriously wounded fireworks: Grekhova and Ognivov from the gun, and seeing that other gunners were also wounded, Terenty Tolkachev, who had learned with his mind how to load the gun and aim, began to conduct gunfire with the help of his comrades: Cossacks of Plato Dobrinin, Vasyantsentyans, and the people who had gone to work. . The very first shot, caught in the midst of the advancing enemy, smashed the nearest mantellet to the closest ones and injured the crowd of the enemy, who was hiding behind an improvised cover from the brushwood. At the same time, the mantelet caught fire, and all the attackers and those who had taken shelter turned to flight. Ognivov's fireworker who did not believe his eyes, hastily tied up with gunners, climbed up on the parapet and, rising to his full height, swinging his cap, shouted: -Ura-aaa! Kick them! Well, Terenty, naddai more! Ah, well done!

The Cossacks took heart, and in the meantime, Terentiy Tolkachev, aiming a little higher, sent a second charge in pursuit of the fleeing Kokands. So the brave handful of the Ural Cossacks lasted about another hour. At about one o'clock in the afternoon it became clear that with such a strong fire of the enemy artillery — by evening there would be no one left from the detachment. Esaul Serov ordered to rivet a unicorn cannon, break down the guns left after the killed Cossacks, and prepare for a breakthrough along the Turkestan road. “Brothers, Cossacks!”, He turned before the breakthrough to the remnants of his hundred (about sixty people remained under arms, including wounded men), “we will not disgrace the glory of Russian weapons!” On Nicola - today - Nicholas the Wonderworker with us! Having created a prayer, the Ural Cossacks prepared for an attack. The mighty voice of the centurion Abramichev, as if nothing had happened, famously rang in the frosty air: - Hundred-and-a, and on the first or second calculate! Column by two-ee build! Esaul ordered to shoot only from the knee, sighting. Moving in short dashes ... The first numbers are shooting, the second numbers are running over a hundred sazhen, on the knee, and loading guns. Then, the first numbers under their cover make a dash ... The only surviving non-commissioned officer Alexander Zheleznov, a bogatyr physique with a thick, smoky mustache and a beard, threw off his coat and, putting a bayonet to the rifle barrel, raised it high above his head, shouting: - C god orthodox Two deaths do not happen, but one can not escape! Let us set Karachun (massacre) to the infidels! With a cry: “Hurray!”, The Ural Cossacks unanimously rushed to the attack ... The retreat lasted until 4 hours of the evening.



Hundreds immediately came under enemy cross-gun fire. However, the coordinated actions of the Cossacks, who covered the movement of each other with marksmanship, still left the hope that some of the fighters could get to their own. In any case, they came out from under the disastrous artillery fire. Here, in the open, they could somehow take advantage of their rifled weapons, keeping the enemy at a respectful distance. It turned out that the individual horsemen of Alimkul were also armed with rifles, and soon, after targeting, they began to strike down one by one the Cossacks, who were moving in an alluvial column along the road. To the last, the Urals helped wounded their comrades to move along the road, supporting them and firing right and left. No one left or betrayed his comrades. The tacit ancient law, concerning the responsibility of all for the cowardice or betrayal of one of the warriors, adopted at one time without any changes by the Cossacks from the Golden Horde, said: “If only one out of ten runs, or two, then everyone is killed. If all ten run, and the other do not run, the hundred are all killed ... On the contrary, if one or two courageously engage, and ten do not follow them, then they are also killed ... And finally, if one out of ten is captured alone, and the other comrades do not release him, they are also killed ... ”

In the eyes of the Cossacks, their comrades who had fallen on the road and who were dead on the road, were dead and seriously wounded, and were subjected to inhuman abuse by a cruel enemy. Kokandians chopped them up with swords, stabbed them with pikes and cut off their heads. Among the relatively cowardly tribe of Kokands, it was considered the highest military prowess to bring the head of the Urus, for which a generous reward was paid from the treasury of Mullah Alimkul. For the head of the Cossack - it was supposed to be five times more than usual! And each time the mercenary possessor of such an ominous trophy was awarded the mark by a bullet of other Cossacks, tightly clutching a rifle, saying goodbye to their deceased friend: - Goodbye, comrade! Having abandoned their outer clothing, the Cossacks marched under enemy fire almost 8 versts. Cavalry raids from behind the hills on both sides of the road alternated with repeated attempts by Alimkul to put a barrier in the path of the Urals column. Then the mighty Zheleznov, the apt Tolkachev, Mizinov, Ryazanov and others who covered the retreat of the main group (with the wounded) moved forward and, having scattered the chain, made a sharp accurate fire at the enemy’s barrier, forcing him to lose dozens of corpses and retreat.

Having received a through wound to the shoulder and a concussion in the hand, Cossack Plato Dobrinin (from those who helped the gunners) walked the whole way, leaning on the shoulder of the Esaula while simultaneously covering him from enemy bullets on the right side. And the rakish master and shooter Terenty Tolkachev, despite several wounds, covered the captain on the left, aptly and deftly striking every rider who approached them from the surrounding hills closer than two hundred fathoms. Vasily Ryazanov, who was wounded in the leg during the march, fell, but, having hurriedly bandaged a fragmented leg with the help of his comrades, he jumped up again, and walked the rest of the way to the end, shooting back from the enemy’s raids. When breaking through another barrier on the road to Turkestan in the distance, Mulla-Alimkul himself appeared on a hill on a white suit of argamak. Vasily Ryazanov contrived and from the knee, carefully aiming, knocked the horse under Alimkul. Meanwhile, the column of the Urals, initially built by the centurion Abramichev, was noticeably thinning out, and soon they were stretched by a chain (lava) several hundred meters long. Occasionally, individual latniks and kolkazchniki of the Kokand cavalry could fly into the middle of the chain, where the есаsoul and other Cossacks walked under the arms of their wounded comrades. However, each time Kokands paid dearly for such attacks - being shot at close range by the Cossacks. Sometimes it came to melee, in which the Cossacks threw horsemen from their horses, deftly clutching at their peaks and harnesses, or cutting their limbs with sharp swords. In one of these raids, Pavel Mizinov bent down to pick up a fallen ramrod, and thrown at the peak, piercing his left shoulder, nailed it to the ground. Overcoming the pain, he still jumped to his feet and ran up to his comrades, who helped pull the peak out of his shoulder. They walked, overcoming wounds and fatigue. Everyone was aware that as long as he was with his comrades, they would support and cover him with fire. But as soon as he fell or separated from his own - inevitable death awaited him immediately.

Kokand riders chose a new destructive tactic: behind their back they brought sarbazov with guns and dropped them in close proximity along the chain of the Urals. Those who settled down in the snow, shot the Cossacks almost at close range. The bloody trail, stretching along the Cossack hundreds, was getting wider ... The brave centurion Abramichev, who did not want to remove the officer's overcoat and hats, was wounded first in the temple, but continued to walk in the front ranks of the Cossacks with Zheleznov. After that, the bullet hit him in the side, but he, dragging the whipped blood with his torn shirt, continued to go. When the bullets struck both his legs at once, he fell to the ground and shouted to the Cossacks: “Chop rather your head, I can’t go!” He raised himself on his elbows, but was hit by the last bullets and fell from his powerless face into the snow. Not able to help him, esaul Serov and other Cossacks forgave him as if he were dead, saying: “Forgive us, for Christ’s sake ... It was already getting dark. All Cossacks in the blood, wounded two, three times, continued to walk, overcoming all limits of human capabilities. They walked more and more slowly: a large number of wounded, who could still be dragged on themselves and numerous wounds to the legs, made it impossible to go faster. Those who could hold weapons, picked up bags of ammunition and broke the guns of their fallen comrades, continuously firing from the enemy's cavalry. Until Turkestan, there was still more 8 versts. Still hoping that help from the garrison would still come, the esaul Serov, nevertheless, was already considering the possibility of fixing in the half-ruined Tynashak fortress, which is half way to Turkestan. Lieutenant Colonel Zhemchuzhnikov, giving him orders to speak in reconnaissance, mentioned this fortress as a possible refuge in case a hundred stumble upon considerable enemy forces ... Suddenly, from the side of Turkestan, shots were heard. The Cossacks stopped and calmed down, listening to the twilight silence of the night, interrupted by the crackling guns of the Kokand cavalry. The whistling of bullets over the heads of the Urals became less frequent, and because of the height in the direction of Turkestan, the booming shots of the Russian detachment, which had broken through to help them, resumed. Soon the crowd of Kokands from the city side drained away and soldiers running towards them appeared on the hill. Above the surrounding hills spread native: -Ura-ah!

Insignia on hats "For the cause of Icane 4, 5 and 6 December 1864 of the year"


The Cossacks, who supported each other, began to cross and embrace. Tears flowed down their cheeks ... Help arrived just in time. The Cossacks weakened so much that, having reunited with a detachment of lieutenants Sukorko and Stepanov, they could not go further on their own. A day later, on December 8, Mulla Alimkul withdrew from the camp in Ikana and left with his army to Syr Darya. Taking with him the Ikan aksakal and all the residents with their belongings, he set fire to their sakli. Local residents who survived in the village (including the father of the Ikan aksakal and his wife) said that the number of Alimkul's army was over 20 people and that in a battle with a hundred of Serov's esaul, the Kokands lost 000 main commanders and more than 90 infantry and cavalry. How many were wounded among the enemy of the Urals is unknown. The subtle plan of Mulla-Alimkul: to secretly get to Turkestan and, capturing it, to cut off the advanced detachments of the Russians who were in Chemkent, was crossed out by the resilience of the Ural hundreds that stood in his way. He silently rode on a chestnut horse, bitterly remembering his beloved white argamak, left in Ikana, and did not listen to the flattering words of Sultan Sadyk about the strength of the countless army of Mulla Alimkul and about new deceptive plans to attack the “Uruses”. Lies and deceit, robbery and bribery, cruelty and violence paved his way. And despite all this, and the presence of a large army, he did not feel safe. He was afraid of death. Two days ago, he felt her icy breath so tangibly when his beloved horse collapsed under him from the bullet of a Russian Cossack. He, the ruler of the Kokand Khanate, surrounded by a huge retinue of selected horsemen, could he have been killed like an ordinary sarbaz or horseman, whose corpses were strewn with the steppe near Ikan? Who are these Russian Cossacks? Fiend of the Shaitan! What is their strength? From childhood he was brought up on the indisputable truth, which the Kokand rulers and sages whispered to him: whoever has strength and wealth has power! And how to understand the words of the captured Urus, who, on his order, did not begin to kill, but was brought to Mulla-Alimkul for interrogation ... All wounded, the Cossack could not stand, but hung on the hands of the Sarbaz, who could hardly hold him. On the offer to surrender and accept the Mohammedan faith, he spat a blood clot on the snow of the Turkestan road trampled by horses. And then, involuntarily filled with respect for the bleeding “Urus”, Mulla-Alimkul dismounted, came closer to him and asked:

“Why do you believe in your god?” After all, is God one? What is your strength? The translator leaned over the already losing Cossack who whispered: “God is not strong, but in truth!” Mullah Alimkul continued thoughtfully to ride on the boundless steppe, which began to plunge into a golden-pink sunset, reflecting on the words “Urus”. He thought that if thousands of his soldiers could not defeat a hundred “Russian Cossacks,” what would happen if thousands of Russians come?


* * *
On the fourth day, a detachment was sent to collect the corpses of the Ural Cossacks. They were all decapitated and mutilated. The corpses of the disfigured Kokands were taken to Turkestan, where they were buried in the cemetery. And only after 34, in 1898, there was a man who put diligence and effort to perpetuate the memory of the heroes of the Ican case by building on the mass grave of a brick-brick chapel monument
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    1. Skiff
      +42
      11 February 2013 09: 06
      Eternal memory to heroes!
      It is necessary to make films about such people and tell children about the lessons of history, breathtaking from the heroism of these people.
      1. Yoshkin Kot
        +1
        11 February 2013 12: 35
        and the descendants of these people the Bolsheviks told
      2. +4
        11 February 2013 16: 39
        I wonder who put the minus?
        1. 0
          12 February 2013 18: 17
          Bolshevik.
      3. +11
        11 February 2013 17: 38
        Quote: Skiff
        It is necessary to make films about such people and tell children about the lessons of history, breathtaking from the heroism of these people.

        1000%
        What a fantastic plot! Moreover, with specific historical facts and surnames. Could make a great movie. This would be a serious contribution to the cause of patriotism and the study of history. You don’t need to invent anything.
        Eh, the responsible comrades from Roskino would have read about this. I think there would be in Russia and patrons. This "plot" touched me.
        "Yes, there were people in our time, not like the current tribe, you are not heroes ..." (c) (M.Yu. Lermontov)
        1. +9
          11 February 2013 18: 00
          The main thing is that Mikhalkov should not read this story! Otherwise, we will wait for one more "masterpiece" of Russian cinema!
      4. +3
        12 February 2013 12: 06
        You just need to delve a little into our history - there are dozens, if not hundreds of such examples. No wonder they said that the Scythians (and then the Slavs) are best able to make friends and fight.

        Examples, except fresh ones like the Brest Fortress or the feat of the Pskov paratroopers (the battle at altitude 776, which was fought by the 6th company of the 2nd battalion of the 104th guards airborne regiment of the 76th (Pskov) airborne division under the command of Lieutenant Colonel M.N. Evtyukhin) - a lot!

        Who does not know yet, you can read about the Azov Seat - a feat of the Don Cossacks http://briefly.ru/_/ob_azovskom_osadnom_sidenii/who returned their original land, captured by the Ottomans of Azov.

        Few have heard about the Battle of Molodi - another example of the heroism of our ancestors http://www.opoccuu.com/bitva-pri-molodyah.htm

        Absolutely fantastic feat of the detachment of Colonel Karjagin http://inglija.com.ua/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=749:500---40-
        000-------&catid=46:2010-02-02-09-03-08&Itemid=95


        There are hundreds of such examples of heroism in our history! maybe thousands ....
        The Russian people can be proud of their history, and just look at the world map to understand that all inventions about laziness or cowardice of the Russians have no basis.

        We lack historians, long and hard.
        Aw !!! Where are you, Russian historians, patriots of your country? !! Why admire all the rabble who plundered the Holy Land of Palestine or destroyed the ancient civilization of the Americas, and do not show interest in the exploits of their own fathers and grandfathers?

        Why are all mercenary treasure seekers and not heroes who sacrificed their lives for our freedom inspire writers and filmmakers?

        As Mavro Orbini wrote back in the 15th century in his book "The Slavic Kingdom", it has remained so to this day ...

        It is not surprising (my supportive readers) that the Slavic tribe, erroneously called now Slavonic, does not use the glory that historians should have, and its worthy deeds and glorious campaigns are hidden by dense fog and almost buried in the eternal night of oblivion. Having an abundance of militant and valiant husbands, he did not find husbands of scientists and educated who, with their writings, would immortalize his name. Other tribes, much inferior to him in grandeur, only because of this are now so famous that they had learned men ...

        Not so long ago I began to study the history of the Slavs.
        Many "wrong" books were destroyed by Europeans during the Inquisition and the Reformation, even more forged - as the historians themselves say. The same Orbini - from the list of prohibited books! - preserved miraculously. And from the list of primary sources given by him in his book, even the twentieth part has not survived. And 90% of the authors from this list are already completely unknown to our time. The Vatican has thoroughly cleaned up history ...

        But even what has been preserved after the Inquisition is still more fascinating than any fiction novels.
        Our ancestors are simply incredible people!
        1. +1
          14 February 2013 04: 12
          Oh, you forgot the so called "Attack of the Dead". Actually, the expression “attack of the dead” when describing the counterattack of the 13th company of the 226th Zemlyansky regiment can be traced to the already cited work of S. A. Khmelkov “Fight for Osovets” published by the Military Publishing House in 1939. The author was a direct participant in the described events. The bottom line:
          ... But when the German chains approached the trenches, from the thick green chlorine fog ... the counterattacking Russian infantry fell upon them. The sight was terrifying: the soldiers walked into the bayonet with their faces wrapped in rags, shaking with a terrible cough, literally spitting out pieces of lungs on their bloody tunics. These were the remnants of the 13th company of the 226th infantry Zemlyansky regiment, slightly more than 60 people. But they plunged the enemy into such horror that the German infantrymen, not accepting the battle, rushed back, trampling each other and hanging on their own barbed wire. <...> This battle will go down in history as an "attack of the dead" ...
        2. Yurbor
          0
          25 February 2013 18: 09
          Not only the Vatican, the Slavic history "Europe" together with the Romanovs cleaned out very successfully. Ancient Greeks, Romans, and European history are taught in schools, but there is no history of the emergence and development of Russia.
    2. +21
      11 February 2013 09: 49
      "God is not in power, but in righteousness" - truly so!
      1. +3
        11 February 2013 12: 09
        For this, the Russian soldiers Leonid Khabarov and Vladimir Kvachkov were condemned. But people of honor and conscience have always been revered in Russia! Honor and glory to all Russian people who put their lives for their country !!
        In life there is only one thing - HONOR - having lost it - you are nothing!
        1. Yoshkin Kot
          -10
          11 February 2013 12: 36
          Oh, after Vyser Kvachkov against Orthodoxy, I do not consider him Russian
        2. +6
          11 February 2013 18: 17
          For the fact that Kvachkov fought against an external enemy? Heroically kept under the bullets of the enemy? In Russian, your inspired speech is called - no shame or conscience ...
          1. Yoshkin Kot
            -1
            12 February 2013 08: 27
            Yeah, among those who cut Russian people, many did not bow to bullets, and now forgive them for this?
    3. Fox
      +15
      11 February 2013 10: 00
      Article + .no kozyavit from tolerastov: again, "the Russians" ... that the Cossacks were niggaz ... or kEtaytsy?
    4. +20
      11 February 2013 10: 36
      Quote: Fox
      Article + .no kozyavit from tolerastov: again, "the Russians" ... that the Cossacks were niggaz ... or kEtaytsy?

      to a point, the Russians were there, the real Russian soldiers.
      1. -1
        24 August 2020 09: 33
        Let us not disgrace the Slavic land.
    5. +22
      11 February 2013 10: 37
      A unique act of its kind. The textbook 300 Spartans of Tsar Leonid do not fall into the dust of the Ural Cossacks Serov ...

      Thanks for the stuff. But I completely agree with the respected Fox - "Russians" in the 4th hundred of the 2nd Ural Cossack regiment and the artillery command attached to it were not and could not be. There were Cossacks and there were Russians. And no one else, no such amorphous and streamlined "Russians" ...
      And to make it completely understandable I will explain with a child's example ... No one ever called those same 300 Spartans any kind of "Peloponnesians" or "Balkans", but they are always called who they really were - Greeks and Spartans. ..
      So, dear author, call everything by their proper names, and not by some far-fetched concepts ...
      1. 0
        11 February 2013 13: 20
        If I understood correctly and in fairness it should be noted that there were not only Russian Cossacks in the hundred, there was also Ahmet, as I understand the Bashkirs or Tatar!
        1. wax
          +7
          11 February 2013 14: 15
          And Ahmet was a RUSSIAN Tatar or Bashkir. They now want to turn a hundred nationalities into NOT Russian.
          1. +2
            11 February 2013 17: 08
            Actually, the article says that Ahmet was a Kyrgyz.
            1. tm70-71
              0
              11 February 2013 18: 56
              The Kirghiz name Ahmet-no and could not be!
            2. +1
              12 February 2013 19: 52
              Nomadic tribes who were at that time in the territory of modern Kazakhstan, the north of Uzbekistan were called Kyrgyz-Kaisaks, the indigenous inhabitants of modern Kyrgyzstan were called Kara-Kyrgyzs, the Kazakh did not exist at that time. The above nomads did not have the name Ahmet, and the concept didn’t exist. Azerbaijanis, they were called Caucasian Tatars, or Kzyl Bash. Akhmet is most likely a Tatar, or Bashkirs, of whom there were many in those days, especially in the Orenburg Cossack army, maybe even he was baptized
              1. Petrov57
                +1
                12 February 2013 19: 53
                Ahmet is the postman. Joined the hundred as a messenger. The other two Kazakhs are cameleers, in a hundred of them there were 13 goals. So they got to Serov.
              2. Marek Rozny
                +3
                13 February 2013 18: 47
                Quote: voronov
                Nomadic tribes who were at that time in the territory of modern Kazakhstan, the north of Uzbekistan were called Kyrgyz-Kaisaks, the indigenous inhabitants of modern Kyrgyzstan were called Kara-Kyrgyzs, the Kazakh did not exist at that time. The above nomads did not have the name Ahmet, and the concept didn’t exist. Azerbaijanis, they were called Caucasian Tatars, or Kzyl Bash. Akhmet is most likely a Tatar, or Bashkirs, of whom there were many in those days, especially in the Orenburg Cossack army, maybe even he was baptized

                Another connoisseur of Turkic peoples ...
                1) The self-name of Kazakhs since the 15th century is "Cossack". The Russians called us in every way, so as not to be confused in the papers with the Russian Cossacks. The Kazakhs have never called themselves Kyrgyz or anything else.
                2) The name Ahmet is typical for all Turkic peoples. Moreover, one of the most common. Naturally, like the Kazakhs.
                3) The aforementioned Ahmet is precisely a Kazakh, and not a Tatar or a Bashkir. Do not be clever, but take a look at the Kaufman photo album.
                4) In OKV, besides the Tatars and Bashkirs, there were enough Kazakhs.
                5) Ahmet could not be baptized, otherwise he would have a non-Muslim name, and Orthodox. The Kazakhs who joined the Cossack troops were usually always Orthodox with Orthodox names.
          2. Marek Rozny
            +5
            11 February 2013 23: 13
            Akhmet and other "Kyrgyz" are Kazakhs. The Kazakhs at that time had long been a part of the Russian Empire and willingly voluntarily went to war with Kokand and Khiva.
            In Kaufman's "Turkestan Album" there are several photographs of Kazakhs awarded for battles with the Kokand people, incl. there is also "Kirghiz Akhmet".
            ZY Just in case, I remind you that in the Russian Empire, Kazakhs (self-name - "Cossack") were called Kyrgyz, so as not to be confused with their Russian Cossacks. And the Russians called the real Kirghiz "Kara-Kirghiz".
            1. Turdaun
              +1
              14 February 2013 09: 57
              Quite right, a small amendment. In some ancient documents of the Russian Empire, the Kirgizes were also called "Wild-stone Kirgiz"))) This is true.
        2. +1
          11 February 2013 18: 20
          And the presence of Akhmet gave the right to use the streamlined term "Russians", so what? .. But if with Icahn in the ranks of a hundred (well, suddenly!) There suddenly appeared someone completely not from the Russian Empire ... And let's say there from overseas North American United States, the author would tolerately call all "earthlings"? ..
        3. +3
          11 February 2013 18: 23
          It is unlikely that the Russian Kyrgyz Ahmet was there alone. Similarly, there were other Russians. Russian Kirghiz, Russian Tatars ... maybe the Russian Assyrian made a mess of it, there were those too. The stronger the Russian soldiers, the more complete the Russian victory!
          1. Marek Rozny
            +1
            11 February 2013 23: 34
            Michael, a great answer!
        4. Turdaun
          +2
          14 February 2013 09: 51
          In the text, Ahmet is referred to as Kyrgyzstan, in those days they were called Kazakhs and partly other representatives of the Turkic ethnic group.
          And the Cossack Cossack is GREAT !!!! Cossack half the battle, not used to doing !!!

          The centurion is bold

          Grass drops from bloody dew
          From the fog of red hopping head.
          Eat a loaf of bread, and the battle is over,
          The centurion looks into the sky as if alive.

          Oh, you, brave centurion, a glorious old man,
          I know you're not half used to doing it.
          And now the gray curls on the ground lie
          The centurion looks into the sky, does not look away.

          Without you, to me, the centurion, is dimly in my soul,
          Do not sit you, dear, in the saddle.
          What, the salty horse, his head drooped,
          After all, the Cossack was not used to doing half the battle.

          Oh, you, brave centurion, a glorious old man,
          I know you're not half used to doing it.
          And now the gray curls on the ground lie
          The centurion looks into the sky, does not look away.

          Grass drops from bloody dew
          From the fog of red hopping head.
          Eat a loaf of bread, and the battle is over,
          The centurion looks into the sky as if alive.

          Oh, you, brave centurion, a glorious old man,
          I know you're not half used to doing it.
          And now the gray curls on the ground lie
          The centurion looks into the sky, does not look away.

          Oh, you, brave centurion, a glorious old man,
          I know you're not half used to doing it.
          And now the gray curls on the ground lie
          The centurion looks into the sky, does not look away.
      2. +1
        12 February 2013 19: 36
        And 300 of the Spartans and Cossacks, each of them was in his place and in his time soldier:
    6. donchepano
      +7
      11 February 2013 10: 44
      Strong article!
      Strong-willed. Cossacks ...
    7. +8
      11 February 2013 10: 45
      Real Russian warriors are heroes! God grant that the Cossack family does not have a translation!
    8. +4
      11 February 2013 11: 02
      In Uralsk, the Ikan Church, built in honor of this famous "Ikan battle", has been preserved. Unfortunately, I don’t know the date of construction, but from childhood memories that it had a dome, then the dome disappeared and there was a children's sports school (and a stadium was built on the site of the cemetery in front of the church, so we skated around the cemetery). Now the dome has been restored, but I don’t know whether the former name was returned, I haven’t been there for a long time.
    9. +6
      11 February 2013 11: 07
      It is necessary to restore the heroic past of the Cossacks altogether, to finally change the popular opinion imposed by false propaganda about these wars, the true patriots of the motherland.
      1. Yoshkin Kot
        -5
        11 February 2013 12: 38
        nd But what about your rejection of the Church? After all, they were Christians, not Gentiles, forgive the Lord? Or will you drag that fairy tale about the damned orcs?
        1. -1
          11 February 2013 14: 04
          Hey, servant of God, do not be foolish. Reminiscent of a priest squirting saliva ...
          1. Yoshkin Kot
            -1
            12 February 2013 08: 28
            I wonder, what kind of Slovenian are you? balkan? what warps you on behalf of the Russian name and Russian Faith
            1. 0
              12 February 2013 19: 56
              He composed the Hebrew
      2. 0
        11 February 2013 22: 58
        How to restore!? Those about whom this article is written are people of high moral and volitional qualities, believers, people of honor, in general, I want to believe in this. And the way the Cossacks look now seems to me a pitiful bunch of "mummers" who are not like the Country They will not be able to defend their land, they cannot defend their land Stavropol, Rostov, Krasnodar will soon cease to be not only Cossack estates, Russian lands in general. And where are our Cossacks !?
        1. +1
          12 February 2013 01: 13
          super-vitek,
          And where are our Cossacks !?


          And you look how from 1917 of the year they were etched by the power. And now she’s afraid of the present. How many times have they proposed restoring border protection, and so what?
          1. 0
            12 February 2013 01: 17
            All in. Ossetia guards. Since last year, even started to pay.
      3. 0
        4 July 2017 17: 54
        The main thing is to revive dreaming! Without this, Cossacks are not Cossacks!
    10. +4
      11 February 2013 11: 52
      Eternal memory to heroes!
    11. zambo
      +13
      11 February 2013 11: 59
      Every time you read about the exploits of our people in different historical epochs, you think: "Here is a ready-made script for a movie, which should be used to teach our children!" But there are no films ... but there are all sorts of Mikhalkov and others like him "films" about pseudo-Russian people.
      1. Yoshkin Kot
        +6
        11 February 2013 12: 40
        but I absolutely agree with that! Cossack is a wonderful way to educate the younger generation! Their allegiance to the Oath, Faith of the ancestors! The courage and courage is capable of much more example of morality and service of Russia than the Judeo-Bolshevik executioners
      2. +1
        11 February 2013 18: 33
        Why, start shooting - first, from a special fund, from which our creators receive money steadily, payments will stop. You can, of course, don’t take money from fondiki. It’s just that more than one person makes a film ... and nobody will work with you - they will be immediately removed from allowance for that. You don’t get money from fondiki - you can’t shoot any films at all.
        Then they will talk to you, very politely and convincingly, that there is no need to shoot "about it". And they will talk that way not seriously, like a joke, you can't sew it down to business. Are you persistent? They will advise what and how to do in order to "correctly" place accents. Filmed like about the Cossacks, came out "One Woman". Are you persisting again? Well, what can you do ... "Sosulya" will fall on your head. A gang of junkies otmudohaet, the machine will run over ... So a veteran can be "persuaded" to death, not like the director. All these persuasions feel much more comfortable in Moscow and St. Petersburg than even at home. Who will allow them there to do abominations with impunity? And we have lafa ...
        1. Yoshkin Kot
          -1
          12 February 2013 08: 30
          the one who wants to do is looking for opportunities, looking for excuses, let him find it wassat
    12. +5
      11 February 2013 12: 14
      Честь Рё СЃР »Р ° РІР ° героям!
      Once again, one can be convinced that in the Russian land there have always been glorious warriors for whom the words "Honor, Faith, Duty, Motherland" were not an empty phrase. There would be more such people in our time.
      1. +2
        11 February 2013 20: 59
        Quote: Egoza
        for which the words "Honor, Faith, Duty, Motherland"

        Good health, Elena love ! Glory to you, Lord, that a Cossack, and not anyone else! So here, Cossacks, it’s customary to talk about ourselves Yes
    13. ivmes
      +2
      11 February 2013 12: 20
      It would seem difficult to find a comparable feat, but:
      http://na-lubky.com/node/199
    14. +1
      11 February 2013 13: 05
      Yes, Yoshkin’s cat, what are you all the same two-faced, to put it mildly, even in this article, I’m ready to arrange srach ...
      1. Yoshkin Kot
        -1
        12 February 2013 08: 32
        am i two-faced? n-dya, no, you actually think that all these "Rodnovers" offend the Faith of their real and not fictional ancestors (parents, grandfathers, great-grandfathers). trampled with boots worn by paganism on SACRED THINGS FOR THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE! is there Russianness? it is vyruskost, anti-Russian, similar to ukroinism.
        1. 0
          12 February 2013 19: 59
          Good answer!!!
    15. spanchbob
      0
      11 February 2013 13: 22
      - "there were English and Belgian rifles, as well as revolvers." In 1864 in the Kakand Khanate, I did not expect such weapons !!!
      1. zambo
        0
        11 February 2013 14: 23
        England has always been geopolitically strong in this region, so no wonder.
        1. spanchbob
          0
          11 February 2013 18: 44
          England did not have access to Avg. Asia - because Afghanistan.
          And what about 2 questions?
          1. Yoshkin Kot
            0
            12 February 2013 08: 32
            was, the Russians even entered into a direct military clash with the British
          2. 0
            12 February 2013 20: 09
            The Brinans had access to Central Asia and Afghanistan was not a hindrance. If ours hadn’t come to their senses, Central Asia would become a British colony
        2. -1
          11 February 2013 23: 17
          Britain tried to establish itself in Central Asia, raking in the heat of the wrong hands and at the same time wanted to prevent the growing influence of Russia in this region.
      2. +2
        11 February 2013 17: 09
        England always fought with the wrong hands! therefore, she sold weapons to the Kokand khans and set them against the Russians.
        1. spanchbob
          0
          11 February 2013 18: 41
          1 question - how did you sell, delivery ways., Etc.?
          2 question - how did you incite (the events took place on the territory of the Kokand khanate)?
          1. +1
            12 February 2013 20: 32
            The routes are known, these are caravans from India (at that time the British colony) and Afghanistan, along the caravan routes known from ancient times. I will anticipate your possible statement that they say that no one has ever conquered Afghanistan, so this is another myth, cited including ... and in the feature film "9th company", they were conquered more than once, incl. The British, they took Kabul in the 19th century, although in the same 19th century they put 2 expeditionary corps in Afghanistan. As for the "incitement" it is even simpler, ancient science, bribery, intrigues, bribes, the same corruption, fortunately rich India is nearby, lack of funds was not, the British knights "cloak and dagger" mastered these wisdom to perfection.
            1. spanchbob
              0
              13 February 2013 11: 31
              But the saver of Afghanistan was never conquered. And with the help of Wed. Asian khanates and Afghans recaptured the British. Therefore, "caravans with weapons" are just speculation. "At the expense of inciting" - some do not want to see what they do not want to see - this was the territory of the Kokand Khanate and there was a war that Russia started in 1853, and which ended with the capture of the entire Wed. Asia in 1879.
              1. Petrov57
                0
                13 February 2013 12: 46
                Kokand was conquered in 1876, Turkmenistan in 1881, Merv joined in 1884, the demarcation in the Pamirs was completed in 1895. In 1879, only a campaign took place, which was very unsuccessful on Akhal-tek, after which the Tekeans had about 600 Berdan rifles.
                1. spanchbob
                  0
                  13 February 2013 19: 51
                  Maybe it is. Only Turkmenistan was not as such - the Turkmen tribes were part of the Bukhara emirate and the Khiva khanate. Merv was in the territory of Bukhara. emirate.
                  1. Petrov57
                    0
                    13 February 2013 20: 26
                    The competent person understands that there was no Turkmenistan. But it would be inappropriate for you to familiarize yourself with the joining process. And with the fact that in 1879 no seizure of Central Asia ended.
        2. 0
          12 February 2013 20: 13
          “England has always fought with someone else's hands!” Why would this and where did such a statement come from? The British themselves knew how to fight well both at sea and on land.
      3. 0
        11 February 2013 19: 18
        Quote: spanchbob
        - "there were English and Belgian rifles, as well as revolvers." In 1864 in the Kakand Khanate, I did not expect such weapons !!!


        http://militera.lib.ru/h/shirokorad_ab2/index.html

        Shirokorad, Alexander Borisovich
        Russia - England: Unknown War, 1857–1907.
        1. spanchbob
          0
          11 February 2013 19: 41
          Let Shirokorad explain - 1 England did not have access to Wed. Asia - because Afghanistan. 2 how did you incite (England) (events took place on the territory of the Kokand khanate)?
          1. +1
            11 February 2013 21: 02
            spanchbob

            I gave you a link to the book, read, there are answers to your questions, personally Shirokorad will not answer you right now wassat
            1. spanchbob
              0
              12 February 2013 20: 02
              Shirokorad lacks not only logic, but common sense. How can I read it - this is nonsense!
      4. 0
        12 February 2013 20: 05
        Not surprisingly, at that time India was a colony of Britain, the British more than once encroached on Afghanistan, and had views of Central Asia. In service with the British colonial troops in India, including and Belgian rifles and American Colts, and from India, Afghanistan to Central Asia, a stone's throw, here I send caravans with weapons from there
        1. spanchbob
          0
          12 February 2013 21: 15
          It was Afghanistan that was the gasket, because of which the British could not get into Wed. Asia Yes, please, can you send some char?
    16. ibn117
      +4
      11 February 2013 14: 10
      That's what you need to learn in history in schools !!!
    17. +6
      11 February 2013 14: 44
      ... Ryzhechka whispered a couple of Kyrgyz words to his conic. Konik shook his head and cowered to a clean place in front of the Swede. And Ryzhechka looks at the gaffer, trying on. The Swede had a narrow strip between the helmet and the shoulder straps, not covered by iron. It was here that I decided to beat Ryzhechka with a peak.
      Before the duel, as it should be, officers of the warriors were led to the designated places from where to attack, announced the manufacture. There is laughter in the Swedish camp - where did they find such a trickster, he doesn’t even have a saber! And indeed, the Cossacks did not like to wave their sabers. The centurions and Yesauls were only worn, and then, for a look, it hung on its side. The explanation is simple: a Cossack from Yaik-Gorynych sturgeon got a long crimson on crimson, in the enemy’s battle - a lance. And if it was hand-to-hand business, the Cossack relied on pistols, two pieces behind the belt must be shut up; Well, for reliability, a thin twisty Bukhara knife behind the shaft. So Ryzhechka was armed: a peak, two pistols behind a crimson belt and a knife behind a boot.
      They gave a signal. The Swede lowered his visor, aimed a spear a third versts long on Ryzhechka, and his horse went with a calculating trot. Ryzhechka, for her part, is approaching the Swede, but as she approached closer, she sees: a narrow oversight, will not break the peak! Pico dropped. And here the enemy spear loomed before his eyes. Moment! Red-headed rolled down Ryzhechka Konik under the belly! Kicked into the saddle like a tick! A spear passed in an empty place. Moment! And little redhead in the saddle. And the Cossack is in the saddle, it’s about seeds. The Bukhara knife was driven into the Swedish gaffe by the hilt! Swedes swayed, gurgled, and collapsed backward with all their weight. Complete Victory! Everything is an agreement more expensive than money. The Swedish king retreated with an unfortunate defeat.
      Ryzhechka returned to the Russian camp. Glee! Tsar Peter himself brings glasses to everyone! He hugged Ryzhechka and kissed her. "How to dignify a hero?" - asks.
      “Red-haired,” the hero answers.
      - I see that red! According to my father, how?
      - In the homeland, Yegoriy Maksimovich Zamorenov, - answered Ryzhechka.
      - Ask what you want, Cossack. I’ll fulfill everything.
      - Everything?
      - Everything. The word of the sovereign. - And Peter thought that Ryzhechka would ask in the nobles or for what position. And Ryzhechka ...
      - You were led, Tsar-Sovereign, to unsubscribe the domain of us, the Yaitsky Cossacks, to the Yaik River ...
      “You already own the river from my great-grandfather,” the tsar interrupted, “ask further.”
      “Still, hope is the sovereign, perhaps with our cross and beard, so that we can be unharmed in our old customs,” he said, and fell silent.
      Tsar Peter frowned, but thought to himself: "Well, what a ... folk, blowing an old song, and that's it." - However, you will not go anywhere, the sovereign's word must be kept.
      - Okay! - the king waved a hand in his hearts.
      - For whom not, but for the egg Cossacks there! Clerk! Write to the decree ... I pity for ever and ever the Yaitsky Cossacks with their cross and beard, so that they could be unharmed about the cross and the beard, and the old customs ... he and Ryzhechka, with his comrades, drink without a trace and duty free in all the tsar's taverns and taverns for a year.
      Ryzhechka died in the Khiva campaign of Prince Bekovich Cherkassky. This campaign begins the "voluntary" annexation of Central Asia and Turkestan. This volunteering was poured abundantly with Cossack blood.

      And there was Ryzhozhechka small in height, desperately red and freckled. And Tsar Peter did not carry redheads to the spirit. So that...
      1. 0
        12 February 2013 21: 21
        Everything is fine, but it was necessary to spoil the barrel of honey with a fly in the ointment with the phrase "voluntary annexation of Central Asia and Turkestan", in my opinion, no one argued that the accession was voluntary
    18. +1
      11 February 2013 14: 49
      Takes the soul!
    19. xan
      +6
      11 February 2013 15: 19
      to say nothing, the Cossacks are a military estate, their surrender is very shameful, almost impossible mentally. When the surrounded corps of Samsonov’s army in East Prussia surrendered, after receiving the order to surrender, the Cossack officers refused to obey their superior officers and left the encirclement.
      Now the Western world cannot deal with Iran, and at the beginning of the 20th century, 6 Cossack regiments and one energetic colonel of the empire general staff were enough to maintain the power of the shah, reassuring Tehran (the colonel was not shy about firing cannons along the streets), restoring discipline in the demoralized shah army, stop attempts by Turkish expansion and disperse illegal armed groups across the country.
    20. -8
      11 February 2013 15: 40
      And then your main leader Lenin and his assistant Stalin gave the order to destroy about a million Cossacks who could not or did not want to leave Russia after the civil war. For this, your Lenin honorably lies in the mausoleum and next to him is an honor guard. And Stalin is near the wall. And soon the city of Stalingrad will appear.
      1. +5
        11 February 2013 15: 58
        savojjudging by the Belarusian flag, yours, too, are Lenin and Stalin.
        If you are talking about the Civil War, then this was the choice of the people. Guided by common sense and the dictates of the heart, education and beliefs.
        To let you know - the plastuns took part in the Great Patriotic War.
        And no one was satisfied with the Cossacks by such genocide.
        I personally do not understand your malice. My entire masculine gender went to Astrakhan Cossacks, and I myself consider them a descendant. You will not believe, but not one of them was shot or punished. Strange, huh?
        Less to you, sarcastic sir. negative
        1. -9
          11 February 2013 16: 27
          So they shot or were in the service of the Cheka. There is no other way, and there are no miracles. My shot as agents of England and Poland.
          1. zambo
            +2
            11 February 2013 16: 35
            Judging by such comments, savoj is the same agent, or close-minded person. A huge minus to him.
            1. 0
              11 February 2013 18: 59
              Quote: zamboy
              Judging by such comments savoj is the same agent


              do not flatter this pride


              Quote: zamboy
              or near mind man


              somewhere so drinks

              Many thanks to the author for the article and rare photos --- dragging me into bins hi
          2. +1
            11 February 2013 18: 57
            Quote: savoj
            My shot as agents of England and Poland.


            see what was bully


            Quote: savoj
            So they shot or were in the service of the Cheka.



            these Germans were beaten, what's wrong with them?
            1. Yoshkin Kot
              -1
              12 February 2013 08: 34
              and you asked how many relatives they had been shot! and in spite of this they served the motherland, not the Bolsheviks
        2. dmb
          0
          11 February 2013 20: 54
          You are a fellow countryman somehow. What is he mean? He is stupid and lazy. Lazy because he did not bother to read even the list of Cossack troops that existed before the revolution. For if he had read it, he would have learned that the Belarusian Cossacks, as well as the Moscow Cossacks and St. Petersburg, are the achievements of the current democracy. The list of Cossack troops and the territories in which they were available is freely available). And stupid, because he considers everyone else to be just as lazy.
      2. +2
        11 February 2013 18: 54
        Quote: savoj
        And then your main leader Lenin and his assistant Stalin


        and yours is Hitler?


        Quote: savoj
        And soon the city of Stalingrad will appear.


        this city already exists, now it is temporarily renamed obscurantists.
    21. +3
      11 February 2013 15: 59
      Glory to the heroes and eternal memory of the dead!
    22. +3
      11 February 2013 16: 32
      Glory to the Russian weapons and our soldiers!
    23. +5
      11 February 2013 17: 05
      RUSSIANS DO NOT RENT !!!
    24. +3
      11 February 2013 17: 53
      He thought that if thousands of his soldiers could not defeat hundreds of “Russian Cossacks”, then what would happen if thousands would come to Russians? ..... There’s one enemy that dawned, and if you read the story more closely, there were such enlightened adversaries in the history of the Russian state there are very many.
    25. +1
      11 February 2013 20: 12
      In the wars in Central Asia, the Russians more than once remained undefeated with a force ratio of 1 to 100. In 1916, for two days from the village of Pokrovka, it was defended against about 4000 Kyrgyz with two rifles and two shotguns. There were very few men, almost all were at the front. The horde suffered heavy losses, and the villagers were able to reach 40 km at night. to Przhevalsk. What they were able to reach without loss, they considered divine intervention.
      Soon for monsters and traitors, a real karachum began. Until now, some of their descendants are eating nails from anger.
      1. xan
        0
        12 February 2013 01: 01
        Humpty,
        During WWII, tensions increased sharply in Central Asia due to harassment of the Russian migrants by the armed local population. Central Asians were not taken into the army. This is understandable, men, mainly Cossacks, were mobilized. The Russian administration did not find anything better than giving weapons to women and those who did not fall under mobilization, in very limited quantities. Six months after this, the administration had to take weapons by force from the Russian population, since the Slavs did not stand on ceremony with the locals and tried to forcefully return the status quo to the WWII.
        1. Marek Rozny
          -1
          12 February 2013 01: 31
          1) The oppression was precisely from the side of the Russian administration. Read at least one book about that period of any Russian pre-revolutionary or Soviet author.
          2) Kazakhs voluntarily became part of the Russian Empire on the condition that Kazakhs would not be forcibly recruited into soldiers, as was the practice in Russia. Nevertheless, the Kazakhs on a voluntary basis often went to serve in the Russian army when it was necessary to defend a large homeland during the war with Napoleon or during the Central Asian campaigns against Kokand and Khiva.
          3) Bearing in mind the belligerent nature of the Kazakhs, the Russian government categorically forbade the sale of weapons and raw materials for the production of weapons in the Kazakh steppe. Even knives were banned. In 1916, the Kazakhs exploded when the cup of patience was overflowing with the arbitrariness of the administration - all the best lands were taken away from the Kazakhs in favor of the beggars of the Stolypin migrants (and the reason was an attempt to forcibly send the Kazakhs to logistic work in an unjust imperialist war). They literally went against the Russians with their bare hands. But from the Russian side, it was not "women with guns" who participated, but usually punitive army detachments and Cossacks, who had both machine guns and cannons. Nevertheless, the tsarist authorities in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan were unable to suppress the uprising. It calmed down only after the revolution.
    26. +4
      11 February 2013 21: 23
      I live in Uralsk, I want to say about the Ural Cossacks, how many religious and many national troops. The army included a large Tatar, Bashkir diaspora, there were many Kalmyks and all retained their faith, not to mention the numerous Old Believer communities. Voisko was united not so much religion and nationality as partly freedom and self-government, and joint ownership of natural resources, that is, river, fish , land and even prey from the loot to the accession of the Yaik army to Russia. By the way, I also remember those who were born before the revolution and the association. Russian meant a man, a man of arms. For a Cossack who was never serf, always carrying weapons, having the right to vote for a decisive future community, the word peasant was offensive. By the way, the Cossacks never wore bast shoes, but wore boots.
      1. Marek Rozny
        0
        11 February 2013 23: 41
        Normal Cossacks are aware that among the Cossacks there were many Turks and Kalmyks. But disguised ignoramuses even here on the website Taldychat that among the Cossacks could not be non-Russian and non-Orthodox.
        By the way, the Kazakhs, who poured into the Cossack troops, were always Orthodox and bore the usual Russian names and surnames. Unlike the Bashkirs and Tatars, the transition to Orthodoxy in the Kazakh society was very severely condemned, so the ties between the baptized Kazakhs and his relatives were completely interrupted.
        At the same time, Kazakh volunteers were in the Russian army during the war with the Central Asian Uzbek states.
        1. Yoshkin Kot
          -1
          12 February 2013 08: 37
          there were Muslims and Buddhists in the Cossack troops, but these units appeared rather late, and the Cossacks were mostly Orthodox and initially this was the division from other Tatars laughing
    27. +1
      11 February 2013 21: 28
      The blood in my veins is getting cold! Such feats must be told in schools, FOR FAITH, for kings and fatherland !!!
    28. Icarus
      0
      11 February 2013 21: 31
      I wonder where so many details come from. Was there someone recording it or is it a story of survivors?
    29. 0
      11 February 2013 21: 55
      It is on such heroes that Russia rests. God grant and will hold on! Not in the wealth and brute force of the Force (sorry for taftology), but in Truth and sincere Spirituality. Thanks to the authors, I read the article with pride and pleasure.
    30. Yaik Cossack
      0
      11 February 2013 22: 33
      Cossack song about the feat of the Ural Cossacks "In the wide steppe near Icahn"
      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYzymRfILCw
    31. +2
      11 February 2013 22: 50
      The article is a big plus! Directly declare such articles in history textbooks, on December 4,5,6, the Day of Military Glory of the Cossack hundreds of Yesaul Serov! Establish a commemorative medal and reward those worthy of this feat of arms. And here at this link: http://vk.com/wall-38310271_48, about the feat of Colonel Karyagin’s detachment in the Persian war in 1805, a similar situation. 300 man with 2 guns against the army of Abbas Mirza, 2 weeks of battles and full victory. Glory to the Russian weapons, glory to the Russian soldier!
    32. Yaik Cossack
      +1
      11 February 2013 23: 27
      Iraclius Today, 15:58 ↑
      5 savoj, judging by the Belarusian flag - and yours, Lenin and Stalin, too.
      If you are talking about the Civil War, then this was the choice of the people. Guided by common sense and the dictates of the heart, education and beliefs.
      To let you know - the plastuns took part in the Great Patriotic War.
      And no one was satisfied with the Cossacks by such genocide.
      I personally do not understand your malice. My entire masculine gender went to Astrakhan Cossacks, and I myself consider them a descendant. You will not believe, but not one of them was shot or punished. Strange, huh?
      Less to you, sarcastic sir.
      Repression against the Cossacks

      List of repressed Cossacks from the "Book of Sorrow" (Uralsk, 2001)

      http://www.yaik.ru/forum/printthread.php?s=f10050b26d9e2cb4973b468642198572&t=55
      0 & pp = 40
      the list is not complete and is being supplemented. The dates are the day of execution near Uralsk and these are only those who were shot. And how many went to the camps. What do you think for a people with 166000 people who destroyed half the civilian population is genocide ?! In this list, my great-grandfather, underneath is his own nephew. The second great-grandfather died in 1919, protecting his native village from the Reds. With a very high probability we can say that in this list there are descendants of the participants of the Ikan battle
    33. Yaik Cossack
      +1
      11 February 2013 23: 44
      Klim,
      Brother, with Kalmyks and Buryats you have gone too far. Kalmyks were assigned to the army for a short time, but as they attributed, they wrote off as well. They did not live on the territory of the army, but lived in Stavropol on the Volga (now at the bottom of the Zhiguli reservoir near Tolyatti). There were units, the same with the Bashkirs. But the Tatars, yes, there were many Tatars who crossed out in a large number and recalls only their surnames, for example, Bakirov, Nazarov, etc., but there were Magamets, in Uralsk there was even a Tatar settlement with a mosque. In general, the Urals were bilingual Russian and Tatar, it was even called Cossack French.
      1. Marek Rozny
        -2
        12 February 2013 00: 46
        Grigory Potanin wrote about the Cossacks of the 19th century:
        “... Almost the entire population (Cossack) speaks the Kyrgyz language. For many, this is a lullaby, because there are Kyrgyz nannies and cooks here. You will hear the Kyrgyz language everywhere: in a quiet conversation between Cossacks sitting on a blockage, in the conversation of coachmen clapping at a station near the crew of a passing official. Sometimes even in court. ”
        Noting the widespread occurrence of interethnic marriages between Cossacks and Kazakhs, G. Potanin noted that as a result "both races ... partly intermingled."

        The Semipalatinsk regional administration notes: “Cossacks, living with the Kyrgyz, completely cirghized and speak not only with the Kyrgyz, which would be quite understandable, but they also speak Kyrgyz among themselves, considering this language easier for themselves, they also wear Kyrgyz clothes. The little children of the Cossacks - and they speak Kyrgyz. ”

        Nikita Fedorovich Savichev (1821–1885) - military foreman, chronicler of the Ural Cossacks: “Cossacks of the former Guryev’s lower middle range all know the Kyrgyz language, sometimes better than the Kirghiz themselves, so they speak Kyrgyz at home.”

        This is just to realize how our Ural, Siberian Cossacks are intertwined with the Kazakhs, both culturally and genetically. Cossack is a relative for the Kazakh. It is a pity that the Stolypin migrant migrants ruined relations between us.
        1. Marek Rozny
          +5
          12 February 2013 01: 00

          Turkestan Kaufman album 1871-1872
          Cavaliers of St. George with the insignia of the military order - "For the cause under Icahn on December 5-7, 1864", Kazakh Zhanmukhamet.


          Turkestan Kaufman album 1871-1872
          Cavaliers of St. George with the insignia of the military order - "For the cause under Icahn on December 5-7, 1864", Kazakh Akhmet.


          Salyk Babazhanov - Yesaul of the Orenburg Cossack Army, Advisor to the Provisional Council for the Administration of the Astrakhan Province.


          On August 24, 1859, with a group of sultans and biys, Eset Batyr was at a reception with the Russian emperor Alexander II in St. Petersburg. In 1861 he was appointed the head of the tavern clan, and in 1869 - the assistant to the Kyrgyz district chief. In 1873, Eset Batyr participated in the Khiva campaign and received the gold medal "For zeal".


          Dauletpakuly Nogaybay, a major in the tsarist army, served under the command of Chernyaev and Kolpakovsky.

          Well, and just to the point - General Lavr Kornilov - the son of a Russian Cossack and a baptized Kazakh woman from the Argyn clan:
          1. 0
            12 February 2013 01: 38
            On the site "International Military Historical Association" Georgievsky Knight is called Kirghiz Jar Mogomet. And you have a Kazakh and a different name. And Akhmet Kirghiz, and you have a Kazakh.
            1. Marek Rozny
              +3
              12 February 2013 01: 58
              Stormbreaker, and you do not happen to know what the Kazakhs were called before the revolution? Let me remind you that the Kyrgyz.
              And you can watch Kaufman's "Turkestan Album" on the Internet. There are hundreds of interesting photos. The name "Jar Mogomet" does not exist. There is a name Zhanmukhamed (it can also be written as Dzhanmukhamed, Zhanmukhamet, Zhanmukhammed and even Zhanmukhambet or Zhanmambet - all this will be correct). My surname (my great-great-grandfather was a volost biy-judge, he was mentioned in the address-calendar of the Akmola region for 1887) in tsarist times, too, was distorted. Yes, even in Soviet times, when I was at school in Orenburg, my name was constantly distorted by teachers.
              1. 0
                12 February 2013 02: 15
                Yes, the Kyrgyz-Kaisaki, we Russian called Kazakhs in those days. Well, continue to write further about the history of your people. It is interesting to read you
                1. Marek Rozny
                  +2
                  12 February 2013 02: 41
                  I write about the military history of the Kazakhs here only in the framework of interweaving with Russian military history. By the way, a monument to Kolpakovsky, which was destroyed in Soviet times, was restored in Kazakhstan. Kazakhs, who know the history of the wars with Kokand and Khiva, are proud of the participation of Kazakhs in Russian conquests in Central Asia.
                  Z.Y. An interesting detail - when Kolpakovsky died, money for the monument came from many parts of the Russian Empire, and Kazakhs also gave money. But local Cossacks refused to voluntarily pay for the construction of a monument to this commander. The Semirechye Cossacks did not like Kolpakovsky very much because, in their opinion, he too defended the rights of the Kazakhs in disputes with the Cossacks. And the Kazakhs considered him a just person. Like Kaufman. But the Kazakhs did not like Chernyaev, they considered him a beast. Due to the unjustified cruelty of Chernyaev towards the defeated Kokand and Khiva citizens, a bunch of Kazakhs quit the Russian army (or simply openly outraged by his actions), including the famous Genghis Chokan Valikhanov (Shokan Ualikhanov) - a brilliant Russian intelligence officer and scientist.
                  1. 0
                    12 February 2013 03: 08
                    Even at the dawn of perestroika, I was relaxing with my parents in Uralsk at a camp site, beautiful places. In the 21st century, Russia and Kazakhstan should closely cooperate and be allies, in the face of common threats.
                    1. Marek Rozny
                      +3
                      12 February 2013 04: 09
                      He was also in Uralsk many times. The places are good, but the mosquitoes are fierce)))
                      And about the common path of our countries and alliance are golden words. For too long we rubbed each other to disperse in different directions))) The spirits of our ancestors - the Aruahs - will not forgive us if we profound what our grandfathers have tied together for centuries. The Russian people and Russian culture had a great positive impact on the Kazakhs, and Russia is abundantly watered with Kazakh blood of front-line soldiers, so that not a single Russian has the right to look at Kazakhstan as a foreign state and not a single Kazakh has the right to consider Russia as a foreign land, on which thousands are buried thousand Kazakhs.
                  2. Yoshkin Kot
                    -1
                    12 February 2013 08: 41
                    exaggerate it, not all Cossacks were "Mongoloids", although not uncommon, reminds the opinion of a part of the (uneducated) Tatars, who believe that all great Russians had Tatar roots, I met the same among the Georgians
                    1. Marek Rozny
                      0
                      12 February 2013 13: 56
                      Yoshkin Kot, and where did I write that all the Cossacks were Mongoloids? But the fact that Cossacks were constantly mixed with local Kazakhs is by no means a secret, but an absolutely natural and lengthy process, which was noted by all contemporaries and researchers of Cossack life.
                      In the same way, all contemporaries and ethnographers note that the Cossacks of the Ural, Orenburg, Semirechye and Siberian polls knew the Kazakh language, and more often to such an extent that even at home they only spoke it. Mikhail Sholokhov, who can hardly be accused of ignorance of the life of the Don Cossacks or of being Mongoloid, did not hesitate to say that on the Don he is a Cossack, and in the Urals he is a Kazakh, emphasizing the deepest cultural ties between the Cossacks and the Turks. In his novel "Quiet Don", words and everyday objects are found everywhere, incomprehensible for a Russian person, but clear without translation to any Kazakh, up to the baursaks ("bursaks").
                      Before the revolution, it was noted more than once that the Cossacks sometimes could hardly explain themselves in Russian with any rank that came from Russia and it was easier for them to explain the essence of the matter in Kazakh to a translator.
                      The modern descendants of the Cossacks ignore the fact that the Cossacks of the aforementioned troops were actually closer more to the Kazakhs than to the Russians. Formally, the difference was only in religion, but taking into account the fact that both Kazakhs and Cossacks completely freely changed their faith during marriage, religion did not constitute any barrier.
                      I understand that the desire of the Cossacks to be Russian, to be proud of their involvement in Russian culture, that's all right. But Russians - an ethnic group consisting of a bunch of sub-ethnic groups who have traveled around Russia - knows how versatile the concept of "Russian people" is. The uniqueness of the Russian people lies in its diversity of cultures, original and sometimes very different from each other. Is there much in common in religion between an Old Believer or an Orthodox Russian? How different is the mentality of Kazakh Russians from the mentality of Russians in Russia, and how different is the character of a Siberian from a Russian resident of Sochi?
                      Cossacks were indeed a unique sub-ethnos, which was in many ways closer to the Turks than to the Slavs. And not only culturally, but also in the direct genetic sense. Of course, in the era of the Russian Empire, Slavic blood dominated the Cossacks, but to say that it dominated absolutely is very difficult, given that all historical written sources emphasized the interweaving of Cossacks with the local population.
                      1. Marek Rozny
                        +2
                        12 February 2013 13: 56
                        As for the fact that all great Russians are from the Turks, then of course, this is nonsense. But it is also wrong not to take into account the huge number of Turkic roots of these individuals. Aksakov, Mendeleev, Turgenev, Karamzin, Suvorov, Bulgakov and other surnames are clearly of Turkic, not Slavic or German origin. Since the time of Khan Uzbek, who led a stupid domestic policy, a large number of influential Horde people left for the Russian principalities (usually Moscow), who changed their religion (or were already Orthodox) and it was from them that the first elite of Muscovy and the Russian state was formed. All the aforementioned surnames directly come from the Turkic emigrants - the murz of the Golden Horde. But this is a separate topic. And now you don’t have to make me a Russophobe or make fun of me "are there real Russians?" The Russian nation was formed from a heap of components, just as the Kazakhs are not 100% descendants of the Turks, but half are actually descendants of the Iranian-speaking nomads of the Eurasian steppe. And how many other bloods are mixed with us - Mom, do not worry. So there is nothing shameful that in our cultures a lot is taken over from each other - no. And I am not at all ashamed that I love borscht or Russian drinking songs (and I will gladly sing in other languages ​​as well).
                        Well, the most fun - I, a Kazakh from the Argyn family, are genetically Terek Cossacks closer than a Kazakh Naiman, with whom we live side by side))))) Argyns (90%) and Terek Cossacks (50%) have a common haplogroup G1 And the remaining 10% of Argyns have the haplogroup R1a, which is inherent in other Russians, as well as Altaians and Kyrgyz. So say after this that we have nothing in common either in culture or in genes))))
                        1. Petrov57
                          0
                          13 February 2013 20: 34
                          I collected almost everything from the Ikan battle. For me, it remains only a mystery which of the Kazakhs Akhmet and Jar Mohammed is Jalmambet Iralin and Sultanbai Baitin. The name of the third Kazakh, who died, remains unknown.
              2. Petrov57
                0
                12 February 2013 19: 19
                In Turkestan album it is Jar Mohammed. But what is interesting in the archive I personally saw two testimonies, including a translation into the Tatar language (as indicated there), with the names of these Ahmet and Jar Mohammed: Jalmambet Iralin and Sultanbai Baitin. In the accompanying report it was indicated that the names were specified. If you understand, you can explain such a transformation of names or the initial error. By the way, the third Kazakh, who died the name is not established.
                1. Marek Rozny
                  0
                  13 February 2013 18: 58
                  Petrov57, what kind of archive and what kind of evidence? I would like to see. By the way, "Jalmambet Iralin" and "Sultanbai Baytin" are purely Kazakh names. The Tatars do not have the name Zhalmambet (Dzhalmambet), Yeraly (Irali). The name Sultanbay is more common among Kazakhs and Kyrgyz. Almost never occurs among the Tatars. Well, and besides, Tatars are yekayut, and Kazakhs are dzhekayut (zhigit (dzhigit) - yigit). This rule also applies to names.
                  The names of Mohammed, Makhambet and Mambet are the same for Kazakhs. Both variants of the name coexist at the same time. Moreover, the "Mambet" form is purely Kazakh. It's like "Alexander" and "Sasha", and you understand that the form "Sasha" is purely Russian, not German or Greek. The same is true for Mohamed and Mambet.
                  1. Petrov57
                    +1
                    13 February 2013 20: 41
                    Archive - RGVIA. The certificates for the Gergiev crosses were given to Iralina and Baitin together with the crosses. The fact. that this text is some kind of artistic compilation, with a lot of nonsense. For example, Alimkul was not a khan, he was a regent, etc.

                    That is, Jar MAgomet - this is Jalmambet Iralin. Then is Ahmet a Sultanbai Baitin? Is the transformation of Ahmet to Sultanbay possible? In principle, it is possible that Akhmet had another name.
                    1. Marek Rozny
                      0
                      18 February 2013 12: 12
                      Quote: Petrov57
                      Archive - RGVIA. The certificates for the Gergiev crosses were given to Iralina and Baitin together with the crosses. The fact. that this text is some kind of artistic compilation, with a lot of nonsense. For example, Alimkul was not a khan, he was a regent, etc.
                      That is, Jar MAgomet - this is Jalmambet Iralin. Then is Ahmet a Sultanbai Baitin? Is the transformation of Ahmet to Sultanbay possible? In principle, it is possible that Akhmet had another name.

                      Thanks for the valuable answer.
                      Regarding the transformation of Akhmet into Sultanbay, this is impossible. Although Kazakhs often have two names - one given at birth, and the second - attached at a conscious age. For example, the officer and scientist Chokan Valikhanov had his real name - Kanafiya (Kanapiya) - “Chokan” (“Shokan”) - a nickname given in youth, the poet Abai Kunanbayev's real name was Ibrahim - “Abay” was called by his grandmother so that he was cautious, Khan Abylai has the real name Abilmansur - "Abylai" - the name of his own grandfather and the cry with which he went into battle, then became his name, the poet Zhayau Musa was awarded the prefix "Zhayau" ("on foot"), because he served in the Russian army in the infantry, which was ridiculous for the Kazakhs.
                      In addition, it is quite possible that "Akhmet" was not a real name at all, but a nickname given by Russian colleagues, who often could not pronounce Kazakh names (or simply did not bother) and called many Kazakhs / Tatars "Akhmets" (something like " Vanka "in this sense).
                      But these are all assumptions, of course. But "Jar Mohammed" is almost definitely "Jalmambet".
                      1. Petrov57
                        +1
                        18 February 2013 21: 35
                        Fine. I doubted for a long time and in my work about the Ikan battle gave both options. Apparently, Akhmet is a nickname. It is a pity that the name of the third Kazakh remains unknown.

                        In the text, by the way, is a photograph of three Cossacks. Surprisingly, the author of the article did not bother to describe the history of this photograph.
                        The picture was taken by the imperial photographer Heinrich Denier in St. Petersburg. I tried to find this photo in the Krasnogorsk archive of the RSAFD, but it is not there, it seems that the Cossacks took it to Uralsk, where it remained. In the photo, participants in the first phase of the battle Andrei Borisov and Akim Chernov and a participant in the entire battle with a breakthrough Agafonov. Please note that Borisov already has a silver lanyard on a saber, he received it from the emperor. And Chernov (in the center) has something strange with a bayonet, it seems that the picture was painted.
                        1. 0
                          4 July 2017 18: 05
                          I think these are two names of the same people ... It was quite commonplace when a person simultaneously had an Islamic and ırym (pagan) name ....
        2. Kazachka
          +1
          12 February 2013 20: 48
          But tell me, Mr. Good, why on all sites where the Cossacks are being discussed, Cossacks arise right away) (. And immediately starts pulling the blanket over itself, pulling facts over the ears, looking for kinship with the Cossacks, or even claiming that there were no Cossacks and no, but the kaz) (and they are the very real Cossacks. Yes, you are an interesting people of the kaz) (, there is no history of yours, I mean documented, let's add to ourselves the history of another people, you look after years everyone will remember and think that it is so. I have never met a natural kazah anywhere called himself a Russian or appear) (th. Because! The ancestors of the Cossacks do not need a Cossack named other people have done everything to the Cossack I was proud that he Cossacks! COSSACK instead of some other kind.
          1. Marek Rozny
            0
            13 February 2013 19: 02
            Because we are a people called the KAZAK. The word "Kazakh" with the letter "x" was made to distinguish the Russian Cossacks from us.
            All Cossack life is almost entirely our Kazakh, with the exception of some things related to the Russian language and Orthodoxy.
            But about the fact that the Kazakhs allegedly do not have a documentary history - I advise you to wake up, otherwise they already started to blab.
    34. Yaik Cossack
      +1
      12 February 2013 01: 36
      Cossacks and Kazakhs were not related, it was more likely an exception to the rule, but they were kunaks. We did business together. The Cossack represented in his affairs his kunak on the Samara side of the Urals, the Kazakh on Bukhara represented his kunak Cossack. So together they turned things around. Cossacks spoke all the same from the very beginning in Tatar, but over time, when establishing contacts, he began to increasingly switch to Kazakh. On the other hand, Kazakh and Tatar are very similar and Kazakh and Tatar will understand each other if everyone speaks their own language
      1. Marek Rozny
        0
        12 February 2013 01: 49
        1) Pre-revolutionary researchers of the Cossacks constantly write that the Cossacks and Kazakhs mixed with each other. International marriages were common. This is not an "exception to the rule", but constant affairs. The head of the Russian Orthodox Church wrote a letter to Kaufman, in which he swore that Russian Cossack women constantly marry Kazakhs and, accordingly, convert to Islam, and asked Kaufman to stop this. To which Kaufman replied that he had no right to interfere in the amorous affairs of people.
        2) When it is mentioned that the Cossacks spoke "Tatar", it usually means that they spoke exactly Kazakh. The Kazan Tatars had little cultural influence on the Cossacks. Most of the Tatars were sedentary even before Genghis Khan and the Tatar could teach little to the Cossack. But the Kazakhs, whose way of life was most similar to the Cossack, influenced the Cossacks in everything - from clothing and culinary preferences to language.
        And when they speak about the "Tatar" language among the Cossacks in the Caucasus, they usually mean the Nogai language, which is actually the same Kazakh.
        Real Tatar speech dominated the bazaar, where the Tatars were intermediaries between Russia and the Kazakh steppe.
        Well, but the fact that the Tatar language and Kazakh are really very close is yes. The only difference is that the Tatars "yank", and the Kazakhs "dzhekayut", and the plural endings of the Tatars are only soft - "lyar", "lar", and the Kazakhs also have firm endings "-dar, -der", "-tar, -ter".
        1. Marek Rozny
          -2
          12 February 2013 02: 07
          Tatars joke that the Kazakh language is the speech of the rude Tatar, and the Bashkir language is the speech of the Tatar with broken teeth))))
        2. Yoshkin Kot
          0
          12 February 2013 08: 41
          Yeah, right all the Cossacks were Kazakhs wassat
    35. Marek Rozny
      +1
      12 February 2013 02: 54
      And you can recall that a certain number of ethnic Russians served in the army of Kokand and Khiva. These are prisoners of war Cossacks and soldiers, who took the Kazakh khan Kenesary, who raised a rebellion in due time, when the tsarist government decided to abolish the khanate in Kazakhstan. Kenesary presented these prisoners of war to the Uzbek rulers, who in turn sent them to serve in their armies along with natural Kokandis and Persian slaves. Basically, the Russians served as gunners, but in other branches of the army were Slavs.
      A number of Russians returned home after Kokand and Khiva were defeated by the Russian army and returned all Russian slaves to their homeland. Some were already over 60 years old, and were captured even at the age of 20.
      1. Yoshkin Kot
        +1
        12 February 2013 08: 42
        Yeah, I just forgot to clarify that they were geeks who converted to Islam, according to the rules of 3 days, were afraid of death, and Islam is the religion of the world!
        1. Marek Rozny
          +1
          12 February 2013 14: 05
          1) It is completely unacceptable to call a person who converted to Islam - a geek. Do you happen to name people who were baptized into Orthodoxy?
          2) The Türks are not Arabs, nor Afghans. To impose a religion in Turkestan is not particularly accepted. The Turks generally never had any religious wars or conflicts in history. Even the Jews in Turkestan have kept their religion for centuries and no one has encroached on or insulted it.
          3) Russian soldiers in the armies of the Central Asian states were Orthodox, they did not change their religion. You can see the sources (including conversations with those released from Kokand slavery). All this is in the public domain.
    36. Yaik Cossack
      +1
      12 February 2013 08: 40
      Marek rozny,
      About mixed marriages. I don’t know, maybe this was often the case with the Semereks or Orenburgs, but I speak for the Urals specifically of isolated cases, they are Old Believers. You can’t imagine what noise the old people made if the Cossack wanted to marry a Russian (nonresident).
      1. Marek Rozny
        0
        12 February 2013 14: 07
        There are pre-revolutionary lists of the Ural Cossacks broken down by religion. Old Believers were in the absolute minority. Even muslim, in my opinion, was even more. The bulk of the Urals were ordinary Orthodox.
    37. -1
      12 February 2013 10: 24
      DOCUMENTS UNDERSTAND


      Russian April 19, 1920

      Socialist Federative Strictly SECRET

      Soviet Republic Prev V.Ch.K.

      All-Russian comrade Dzerzhinsky

      Council of People's Commissars Prev V.Ch.K.

      Moscow. comrade Dzerzhinsky

      1 3679

      NOTE

      On ref. 2226 / D from 10.04.1920/XNUMX/XNUMX.

      The task of V.Ch.K. lies in the fact that the word "Cossacks" itself disappeared from the Russian language once and for all.

      Throughout Russian history, the Cossacks acted as the executioner of the working class. Soviet power must mercilessly and everywhere destroy and punish the Cossacks as a class hostile to the proletariat.

      Prev Owls People's Commissars:

      signature (Ulyanov-Lenin)

      Letter of Dzerzhinsky to Lenin

      (Archival finds of German Nazarov: http: //www.orthomed.ru/ ftproot / abort_mr / books / history / articles / nazarov2.htm)

      “In Rostov, 300 Cossacks were captured by the Don army,” wrote Felix Edmundovich on December 000, 19. - In the area of ​​Novocherkassk, more than 1919 Cossacks are held captive by the troops of the Don and Kuban. In the city of Shakhty, Kamensk, more than 200 Cossacks are being held. Recently, about a million Cossacks surrendered. The prisoners were placed as follows: in Gelendzhik - about 000 people, Krasnodar - about 500 people, Belorechenskaya - about 000 people, Maiko-pe - about 150 people, Temryuk - about 000 people.

      I ask for sanction.


      Chairman V.Ch.K. Dzerzhinsky. ”

      Lenin’s resolution on the letter: “To shoot everyone to one.

      December 30, 1919 ”.
      1. Petrov57
        0
        12 February 2013 20: 02
        I'm not that I rushed to argue, but where can I keep in the city of Mines half a million people? Or, for example, in Rostov 300 thousand? In Rostov, there were 150 thousand inhabitants themselves? Something some huge numbers, how many escorts then?
    38. Yaik Cossack
      0
      12 February 2013 18: 29
      Marek rozny,
      Religion map of the Ural Cossack Army
      http://www.yaik.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=419

      The Ural Cossacks (Urals) or the Ural Cossack Troops (before 1775 and after 1917 - the Yaitsky Cossack Troops) are a group of Cossacks in the Russian Empire, II in seniority in the Cossack troops. The historical self-name of the Urals - the cossack [1] comes from the self-designation of the local population of Cossacks. They are located in the west of the Ural region (now the north-western regions of Kazakhstan and the south-western part of the Orenburg region), along the middle and lower reaches of the Ural River (until 1775 - Yaik). Seniority since July 9, 1591. The military headquarters is Uralsk (until 1775 it was called the Yaitsky town). Religious affiliation: co-religionists, Old Believers, partially Muslims (up to 8%) and Lamaists (1,5%) Army holiday, military circle on November 8 (21 in a new style), St. Archangel Michael.
      http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%F0%E0%EB%FC%F1%EA%E8%E5_%EA%E0%E7%E0%EA%E8
      co-religionists are the same Old Believers who are more loyal to the Russian Orthodox Church. The main reason for the transition to co-religion of oppression by the state, the problem of promotion and the majority were only formally co-religionists.

      shorter than 90% of the Urals were Old Believers
    39. Petrov57
      0
      12 February 2013 19: 51
      After 4 years, the army foreman Serov will be in Samarkand, where within 7 days 658 Russian soldiers will defend the citadel from 65 thousand Shakhrisyabs and Samarkand themselves. It was here that Serov ours came in handy with his experience.
    40. spanchbob
      -1
      12 February 2013 19: 57
      They wrote, they wrote, but no one, including historians, indicated what the word Cossack means. For example, Cossack Russian and Kazakh. But in the Turkic pronunciation, both words are pronounced - QAZAQ. And this means-a refugee, separated, fallen away, left without clan and tribe .. etc. (see Notes of travelers to Avg. Asia). Russian Cossacks, these are the serfs who fled from the masters with high passionarity. The Kazakhs got their name after the separation from the Uzbek Khanate in the 15th century (the fallen). Therefore, in the Middle Ages they called it that: Urus Cossack and Uzbek Cossack (Khan Abulgazi 16th century), which means Uzbek Cossacks and Russian Cossacks. True, the Russians used to call the Kazakhs Kirghiz (the Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic until 1936). And the Kirghiz were called the black wild-stone Kyrgyz (Karakirgiz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic)
      1. 0
        4 July 2017 18: 09
        For Karachais, “Cossack” means a domestic slave, in fact, in Russian, a combat or a backyard serf, unlike just a kul ...
    41. with Yaika
      +1
      12 February 2013 22: 39
      Quote: tm70-71
      The Kirghiz name Ahmet-no and could not be!

      Ahmet was a Kyrgyz! This is from the story Case under Ikan L. Alekseev (Eyewitness account.)
      The eyewitness knows better!

      1. Petrov57
        0
        13 February 2013 00: 19
        In the award case, there is no Ahmet and Jar Mohammed, but there is Jalmambet Iralin and Sultanbai Baitin. The same names in the Testimonies on Georgiev for Muslims.
      2. Marek Rozny
        +1
        13 February 2013 19: 28
        with Yaika,
        for the hundredth time I explain: the Kazakhs before the revolution were called by the Russians "Kirghiz" !!! and the Russians called the real Kirghiz before the revolution the Kara-Kirghiz!
    42. with Yaika
      0
      13 February 2013 00: 34
      Quote: Marek Rozny
      Normal Cossacks are aware that among the Cossacks there were many Turks and Kalmyks. But disguised ignoramuses even here on the website taldychat that there could not be non-Russians and non-Orthodox among the Cossacks. By the way, the Kazakhs who joined the Cossack troops were always Orthodox and bore the usual Russian names and surnames. Unlike the Bashkirs and Tatars, the transition to Orthodoxy in the Kazakh society was very severely condemned, so the ties between the baptized Kazakhs and his relatives were completely interrupted. At the same time, Kazakh volunteers were in the Russian army during the war with the Central Asian Uzbeks.

      Normal Cossacks know that among the Cossacks there were a small number of Kalmyks and a small number of newly baptized. Among them there could be Kyrgyz-kaisaki, but a very small number. Kazakh volunteers may have been in the Russian army, but not in the Cossack formations.

      During the Ikan events, the Kirghiz-kaisaki came to Chernyaev with a proposal of help against Alimkul. Prior to this, Alimkul summoned the Kyrgyz elders to Shimkent, because he did not see their help in supporting the Kokans, and for the sake of spirits he chose the oldest of the Kyrgyz elders Baizak, and tying him to the cannon - he shot. These are the prerequisites for helping to combat the Central Asian forces.
      1. Marek Rozny
        +1
        13 February 2013 19: 53
        1) Read Joseph Zheleznov, Borodin and Nikita Savichev - these are pre-revolutionary historians of the Ural army.
        By the way, the Kazakhs, unlike the Tatars or Kalmyks, were not "nonresident" in the Cossack army and did not settle separately, since the Ural region is a Kazakh land. This was noted by Borodin.
        2) The background was completely different. Kazakhs were subjects of the Russian Empire. And Khiva, Kokand, Bukhara - by foreign countries. Why would the Kazakhs rush to defend the Khiva residents of Bukhara, with whom the Kazakhs have never had much love. This is not even the Türks, but Tajiks and Sarts. Yes, once the Kazakhs formed the basis of the armies of these small states, hiring the local khans. But after the accession of Kazakhstan to Russia, all Kazakhs ceased to guard them, so Kokand and Khiva recruited a stupid army of local citizens and Persian slaves. How this army fought - a solid joke.
    43. with Yaika
      +1
      13 February 2013 01: 18
      Quote: Marek Rozny
      Grigory Potanin wrote about the Cossacks of the 19th century: “... Almost the entire population (Cossack) speaks the Kyrgyz language. For many, this is a lullaby, because there are Kyrgyz nannies and cooks here. You will hear the Kyrgyz language everywhere: in a quiet conversation between Cossacks sitting on a blockage, in the conversation of coachmen clapping at a station near the crew of a passing official. Sometimes even in court. ”


      Potanin wrote this about the Siberian Cossacks, or maybe about the Semireks. The Cossacks knew the Kyrgyz language - a fact! But how to communicate with the Kyrgyz living here? But only in the Ural army in the upper villages (closer to Orenburg) Kazakhs were still less known. On the “lower classes” and on Uzen (towards the Bukeev horde), the main language was Kazakh, even Cossacks spoke with accent.
      Cooks, maybe the Kazakhs, but they could only be nannies at a young age: the Kazakhs did not know how to raise the boys according to Cossack canons.

      Quote: Marek Rozny
      Noting the widespread occurrence of interethnic marriages between Cossacks and Kazakhs, G. Potanin noted that as a result, “both races ... partly mixed.” The Semipalatinsk regional administration notes “... Cossacks, living with the Kyrgyz, were completely circified and spoke not only with the Kyrgyz, which was it would be understandable, but among themselves in Kyrgyz, considering this language easier for themselves, they also wear Kyrgyz clothes. The little children of the Cossacks - and they speak Kyrgyz. ”

      Sometimes there was a "mixing" of races (a young affair), but ... !!! The Cossack, who married not a Cossack, was deprived of the title "Kaza'chka" and became a "peasant." Even marriages between Cossack families belonging to different faiths (Old Believers and the Greek-Russian church) were very difficult due to family traditions. Often, permission was not given by the elders and was not very welcomed !!! And then there is a completely different faith, a different mentality.

      Quote: Marek Rozny
      Cossack is a relative for the Kazakh. It is a pity that the Stolypin migrant migrants ruined relations between us.

      Kazakh is a relative for the Cossack ... (in broad daylight, and in the middle of the night - don't get caught !!!) - little jokein which there is some truth.
      Cossacks always remembered how the Kyrgyz drove their cattle, and in the early days of the captured Cossacks they were sold into Khiva as slaves. There have always been fears of raids, fears of barants ...
      But it’s a pity not that Stolypin moved immigrants to these lands, but that in 1868 the lands of the Urals Kirghiz were annexed to the lands of the Ural army and formed the Ural region. In the previous version (before joining) our lands would not have been mixed, and if you look, it would be better for both peoples.
      1. Marek Rozny
        +1
        13 February 2013 20: 49
        Old Believers are not Old Believers - a fact is a fact: all Russian Ural Cossack historians write about the constant physical mixture of the Ural Cossacks with Kazakhs and other Asians. read at least someone!
        secondly, you’ll excuse me, but the lands of the Ural Cossack army are genuine Kazakh. The first (and very few) Yaik Cossacks settled on the Horde lands far away from their native Russian land. It was under Catherine that the land was finally taken from the Kazakhs, forbidding to even cross the Urals under pain of death.
        By the way, can you name by chance at least one tributary of the Urals, which has a "primordial" Russian name? And why does the Urals have no Russian name at all? (Ural is a Bashkir word, Zhaiyk is the Kazakh name of the river, and Yaik is a Tatar word).
    44. with Yaika
      0
      13 February 2013 12: 00
      Quote: Marek Rozny
      There are pre-revolutionary lists of the Ural Cossacks broken down by religion. Old Believers were in the absolute minority. Even muslim, in my opinion, was even more. The bulk of the Urals were ordinary Orthodox.

      Absolutely correct !!! Only exactly "exactly the opposite".
      I do not know what lists are mentioned here, but here we take the "Commemorative book and address-calendar of the Ural region for 1909", which clearly says:



      The Edinists, preserving the old ritual and fidelity to the pre-reform liturgical books (the essence is the Old Believers), accepted the leadership of the Russian Orthodox Church in contrast to the Old Believers.
      In this situation, the adherents of the Greek-Russian church (Orthodox) in the Ural army were only 2,8% in the military estate and among Christians.
      The Old Believers were overwhelmingly!
      1. Marek Rozny
        +1
        13 February 2013 19: 30
        Convinced) I agree.
    45. with Yaika
      +2
      13 February 2013 20: 20
      Quote: Marek Rozny
      for the hundredth time I explain: the Kazakhs before the revolution were called by the Russians "Kirghiz" !!! and the Russians called the real Kirghiz before the revolution the Kara-Kirghiz!

      Marek Rozny
      Yes, I know that very well. And how long.
      1. Marek Rozny
        +1
        18 February 2013 14: 51
        Then why your statement that the aforementioned Akhmet was "Kyrgyz" if you know that at that time Kazakhs were called "Kyrgyz"? What is the dispute about then?
    46. with Yaika
      +1
      13 February 2013 20: 51
      Quote: Marek Rozny
      ... By the way, a monument to Kolpakovsky, which was destroyed in Soviet times, was restored in Kazakhstan. The Kazakhs, who know the history of the wars with Kokand and Khiva, are proud of the participation of Kazakhs in Russian conquests in Central Asia ...

      Only one monument was restored, and how many were destroyed ... Even the monument to the Icans who are being discussed was destroyed already in the 70-80s. Also, as in the 90s in the city of Ermak, a monument to the Cossack Ermak.
      1. Marek Rozny
        0
        18 February 2013 12: 21
        That's the thing that was restored in the current non-Soviet time. And under the Communists - yes, tsarist monuments everywhere destroyed.
        But the Kazakhs perceive the monument to Ermak as a monument to Hitler in Russia. For Kazakhs, he is an invader and aggressor. The Siberian Khanate was ruled by Kazakh khans, the main clans were Kazakh clans (mainly the Kazakhs of the Middle Zhuz - Naiman, Kerey, Argyn, Kipchak, as well as other Kazakh clans - Zhalayyr, etc.), and territorially also partially located on the territory of modern Kazakhstan. Ermak is a hero for the Russians, but for the Kazakhs he is a bandit, mercenary and occupier. So excuse me, but there will be no monuments to Yermak in Kazakhstan, but in Russia you can erect them as much as you want. We do not erect a monument to Batu Khan (the same “Batu Khan”), whom the Kazakhs respectfully nicknamed “Sain-Khan” (“Noble”), on the territory of the Ryazan Region, realizing that the Russians will not understand this.
    47. with Yaika
      +2
      13 February 2013 21: 09
      Quote: Marek Rozny
      Because we are a people called the KAZAK. The word "Kazakh" with the letter "x" was made to distinguish the Russian Cossacks from us.

      The designation of the people "Kazakh" in everyday life appeared after the revolution, when the Bolsheviks decided to practically erase the mention of the Ural Cossacks because they did not go over to the side of the Bolsheviks and preferred to fight to the end against Soviet power.
      Quote: Marek Rozny
      ... The entire Cossack life is almost entirely our Kazakh, with the exception of some things related to the Russian language and Orthodoxy. But about the fact that the Kazakhs allegedly do not have a documentary history - I advise you to wake up, otherwise they already started to blabber.

      Well, why are you ... Cossacks didn’t live a nomadic life, but lived a settled life ... They didn’t live auls, but lived according to the village-farm-village system. In addition to cattle breeding, Cossacks cultivated bread, fished, planted melons. In matters of religion there were absolutely dissimilar foundations. Cossacks just served as border guards in the Urals, served on the Gorky Line, and went on campaigns in Europe, Central Asia, and the Caucasus.
      1. Marek Rozny
        +1
        18 February 2013 12: 49
        1) Our self-name is "Cossack" since the 15th century, when "Kazak Khandygy" (Kazakh Khanate) separated from the Uzbek ulus of Abulkhairkhan.
        The ethnonym "Kazah" was invented in 1936 so that the Russians would not get confused with the Cossacks. From 1925 to 1936, the official name of the Kazakhs and in Russian was "Kazak", and the republic was called the Kazak ASSR (Kazakstan).
        2) Slavic Cossacks settled more or less began to live relatively recently. Just as they started farming, too, "last night," and before that on the Don any Cossack-farmer would have been executed by the Cossacks themselves as a "peasant." The first Slavic Cossack camps migrated constantly, only four centuries ago, more or less permanent camps appeared among the Slavic Cossacks.
        Fishing for the first Cossacks did not play any significant role. It was the lot of completely impoverished Cossacks who had no livestock. Until recently, fishing remained an "auxiliary" fishery. And what is characteristic, the Cossack "fishing" language entirely consists of Turkisms - be it the names of fish, equipment or fishing techniques.
        The Europeanization of the Cossacks was created by Catherine after she obliged the Cossacks to wear European uniforms, forbade the Cossacks to use Turkic dialects in correspondence and everyday life (nevertheless, the Turkic language was preserved in everyday life, the so-called "home language") and began to use the Cossacks as border guards, sending to new frontiers. Until that moment, there was no particular difference between the Turkic nomads and the Russian Cossacks - except perhaps only religious. At the same time, I would like to note that the Turks were never distinguished by their religiosity and constantly voluntarily converted to Orthodoxy, strengthening the already strong Turkic element in the Cossack life. Even during the late Russian Empire, all Kyrgyz-Kaisaks who converted to Orthodoxy automatically belonged to the Cossacks by class and were attributed to the nearby Cossack army. The baptized Kazakhs did not fall into the peasants, bourgeois or merchants. According to the pre-revolutionary information of the Russian Orthodox Church, at least half a million Kazakhs were converted to Orthodoxy. All of them became Cossacks by default. Baptized Kazakhs did not live among Muslim Kazakhs, because Despite their religious tolerance for foreigners, the Kazakhs severely punished their own relatives for converting to another faith, a person could be killed in the worst case, and in the best case, all his property was confiscated by his relatives.
        Agriculture among the Cossacks appeared, as I grilled, recently. Already after they were sent to serve on new frontier lines and strengthened by peasants. But even so, Cossacks preferred to be primarily engaged in cattle breeding (horses and rams, while Orthodox Cossacks often treated pigs with disgust), and in other cases they completely abandoned agriculture, Cossack pre-revolutionary researchers write about it.
    48. with Yaika
      +1
      14 February 2013 00: 23
      Quote: Marek Rozny
      1) Pre-revolutionary researchers of the Cossacks constantly write that the Cossacks and Kazakhs mixed with each other. International marriages were common. This is not an "exception to the rule", but constant affairs. The head of the Russian Orthodox Church wrote a letter to Kaufman, in which he swore that Russian Cossack women constantly marry Kazakhs and, accordingly, convert to Islam, and asked Kaufman to stop this. To which Kaufman replied that he had no right to interfere in the amorous affairs of people.

      There were cases when the Kyrgyz were married, but there were few such cases. Too different in mentality, lifestyle, belief, everyday life. Often, the Kyrgyz bride and groom were determined by their parents at a young age. They had to pay kalym, which the Cossacks did not express clearly. The Old Believers had a great sin on Sunday not to go to church, but in order to get married with Muslims, get married, changing faith ... Only a few resolved to this. So interethnic marriages were not only commonplace, but were out of the ordinary case.

      Quote: Marek Rozny
      2) When it is mentioned that the Cossacks spoke "Tatar", it usually means that they spoke exactly Kazakh. Kazan Tatars had little cultural influence on the Cossacks. Most of the Tatars were sedentary even before Genghis Khan and the Tatar could teach little to the Cossack. But the Kazakhs, whose lifestyle was most similar to the Cossack one, influenced the Cossacks in everything - from clothing and culinary preferences to language

      Marek Rozny!
      Do not think that the Kazakhs influenced their way of life on the Cossacks. For a long time they opposed each other, there were times when this confrontation faded, and by 1880-90 years mostly subsided.
      The Cossacks adopted what was convenient in the steppe, because the nomads had greater fitness for life in the steppe. And dzhulameyki, and besbarmak, and chapans, and skills in large transitions along the steppes, the Cossacks adopted experience, as well as the Kazakhs adopted things convenient for them.
      1. Marek Rozny
        0
        18 February 2013 13: 25
        Yes, damn it, God bless these Old Believers! They mixed with the Kazakhs - massively and constantly. What I am writing about the transition of Russians to Orthodoxy, I mean the Old Believers' version of the Russian religion. For me, a Kazakh, there is no particular difference, of course, between the Old Believers and the Orthodox, therefore I write simply "Orthodoxy". Of course, strictly speaking, I am wrong, but I automatically thought that you would understand me. I'm sorry, I'm getting better - Kazakhs massively converted to Orthodoxy and Old Believers.
        And here is information about marriages between Old Believers and Kazakhs:
        "Bukhtarma Old Believers entered into marriages mainly with Kazakhs ... So, at the end of the 1920s. the inhabitants of each mountain village on Bukhtarm could name a family in which either grandfather or grandmother were from Kazakhs. However, none of the masons who had among the ancestors of the Kazakhs, or Altaians, did not consider themselves to belong to these nationalities. According to researchers Blomkvist E.E. and Grinkova N.P. these marriages did not have a noticeable effect on the family structure of Bukhtarmins. A role in this was played by the fact that a precondition for the conclusion of such marriages was the adoption of old faith by immigrants of other faiths and cultures."(Mukaeva LN Old Believers' family of the Southern Altai in its historical and social development).
        The fact that Russian girls often married Kazakhs and converted to Islam can be found in the correspondence between the head of the local Russian Orthodox Church and the governor-general. It is necessary to search in "Vost-Lita", but it is. In addition, almost all serious Russian pre-revolutionary researchers of the Cossack life point to marriages between Kazakhs (and generally Turks) and Cossacks.
        Once the first Turkic Cossacks married Slavs (the founder of the Don Cossacks - Sary-Azman, the founder of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks - Mamai Kiyat Mansur), and then Russified Cossacks married steppe women. For Cossack and Turkic cultures are very close, even if there is a difference in religion. By the 19th century, Cossacks in everyday life had become very close to the Russian peasants, and even that with significant reservations. With the same success, it can be said that the settled Cossacks were close not only to the Russian peasants, but also to the settled Tatars-Kryashen and Nagaybaks, and even there, where they were closer to the Kryashen and Nagaybak than to the Ryazan peasant)))
        Well, sometimes Kazakhs and Cossacks fought each other in blood - well, so, both nations are warlike, who respected the daring in battle more than money-grubbing and hoarding.
        By the way, not so long ago, a Muslim yurt of the Kazakh Cossacks appeared in Kazakhstan)))) Small, but nonetheless)


        - I, Yerlan Kushkarbaev, before the Almighty Allah, the Holy Quran, the Cossack banner and the brotherhood, I swear by faith and truth to serve the Fatherland and the Cossacks. If I break my oath, may the wrath of Allah and the contempt of my people be a punishment ...
    49. Yaik Cossack
      +1
      14 February 2013 00: 55
      Marek rozny,
      Give excerpts where historians say that the Urals and Kazakhs had constant physical mixes. I’m a Uralian and I don’t know about such things, although I have books from all the historians you have listed. And at the expense of supposedly native Kazakh lands on the territory of the Ural Cossack army, you are disingenuous. Cossacks from ancient times lived in the Urals and in the area of ​​chickens in Uralsk there was a settlement of Slavs back in the 9-10th centuries, although this is hushed up by the current authorities. Cossacks completely recaptured their lands from the Nagai horde (and these are Tatars and not Kazakhs) in the 16th century. Kazakhs, with the permission of the king, first migrated to the Urals in the 17th century after more than a hundred years. And there is no need to deal with the folk history here. You already rewrite the whole story without hesitation, rename cities, towns, streets that you did not establish. Oralmans populate the original Cossack lands that you import from China and the devil knows where else. You better cover up this nonsense otherwise I will flood you with facts from the life of your Kazakh chauvinism
      1. Marek Rozny
        +1
        18 February 2013 13: 47
        "From ancient times" - this is from the end of the 16th century. Then the Ural Cossacks appeared. This is the period when the Horde had already collapsed, and the Russians began to expand in all directions. Before that, there were no Ural (Yaik) Cossacks.
        Regarding the traces of Slavic culture in the excavations of the ancient cities of the Urals, the lower Volga and the Caspian - well, well, there are Greek and Chinese artifacts there, fortunately, the Turks traded through the so-called The Great Silk Road and with Europe and Asia. Yes, and Slavic slaves in the Horde cities on the Volga (and in western Kazakhstan) were many. Slavic masters lived whole blocks. And you can recall up to the heap and Tmutarakan, which just the same in the 9-10 century was temporarily taken from the Khazar Turks by the Russians. And medieval authors mention the Slavs among other residents of the Khazar cities - Turks, Armenians, Kabardians, Jews, Persians. But the presence of the diaspora does not make this land theirs. There are millions of Azeris and Armenians in Moscow - and now what? Historically Azerbaijani land?
        Nogays are the same Kazakhs in fact. Kazakhs, Nogais and Karakalpaks consider themselves one nation. Closer than the Nogay, the Kazakh has no one. In general, most of the Kazakhs of the Younger Zhuz living in the territory of Western Kazakhstan are former Nogais. The ethnonym changed depending on who the nomad obeyed - either to the Kazakh sultans (then he was Kazakh), or to the descendants of Edyge and Nogai (then he was called a foot). Even the Kyrgyz mythical Manas called himself Nogai. And even the moment when the Kazakhs separated from the Uzbek ulus by the akyns of that time was called the mournful moment when the Nogais divided into different uluses. What the hell is folk history? This is our story, the legs and Kazakhs are one people. We even consist of the same kind. In the midst of a crowd of Nogais, in 5 minutes I will find a close relative of my kind, with whom I have one great-great-grandfather.
        As for the references to books, I already cited here both about the Old Believers and about Potanin. You just point blank do not want to see anything. You have been duped a hundred times over the past century. Most of the descendants of the Cossacks do not suspect at all that their grandfathers spoke Kazakh better than Russian. And they’re ready to get into a fight when they find out about it.
        And about the oralmans - better keep silent. These are the Kazakhs who were forced to leave their homeland under the Bolshevik government in 1932-1933. They are going home. To the land where the mounds for thousands of years prove their right.
        And about "Kazakh chauvinism" - do not hesitate, soak)
    50. with Yaika
      +1
      14 February 2013 02: 10
      Here is a map of the Orenburg province from 1772.
      The lands of the Kyrgyz-Kaisaks are clearly visible, and where they are located. For Yaik.


      1. Marek Rozny
        0
        18 February 2013 13: 51
        gyyy, and you do not want to take a map of Germany of 1943? there with the same logic Belarus - the land of the Germans)
        I just remind you that this is a map showing how much the Russian army drove the Kazakhs out of their habitats. The Volga (Yedil), by the way, is still the most sacred river among the Kazakhs)))) Although Kazakhstan formally does not border this river) And the akyns of old in epics cry about their native lands on Ak Yedil (literally - the Sacred Volga), on which they can no longer come (because of the Russians).
        1. 0
          18 February 2013 13: 55
          Quote: Marek Rozny
          And the akyns of old in epics cry about their native lands on Ak Edil (literally - the Sacred Volga), to which they can no longer come (because of the Russians)

          Who offended you again, again the Russians. Well, once so offended, let's go to Kazakh site. He can’t come because of the Russians, what is disabled?
          1. Marek Rozny
            0
            18 February 2013 14: 19
            Alexander, if you take a book with Kazakh eposes of the Middle Ages (published back in Soviet times), you yourself will read Kazakh songs about the "lost sacred Edil". I'm not even talking about "Zhaiyk" (Urals), where only Kazakhs, Tatars and Bashkirs lived, until at the very end of the 16th century several hundred of the first Russian settlers who founded the Yaik Cossacks came there.
            And I didn't say anything about my emotions) This is your speculation. And besides, this site is only for Russians? And for those who only know history from the Russian point of view, which is supposedly always by default "the most faithful"? In the Soviet school I was generally taught that it was Finland that attacked the USSR, for example, and that the Germans shot Polish officers in Katyn))))
            1. +1
              18 February 2013 14: 25
              Quote: Marek Rozny
              Alexander, if you take a book with Kazakh epos

              I wrote to you in a personal and said everything! There are NO mutual claims between Kazakhstan and Russia! Read the rest yourself at home. And do not powder people’s brains. The question is closed.
              Quote: Marek Rozny
              , and that Polish officers in Katyn were shot by Germans)

              They taught you badly, the Germans shot them already! The next koment with tricks that the Russians are not letting you into your native lands will be removed.
              1. Marek Rozny
                +1
                18 February 2013 14: 42
                I have no complaints about the existing borders. These interlocutors here call the territory of Kazakhstan "primordially Russian lands", in connection with which I answered.
                Complaints about the Volga are not mine), but Kazakhs of the 18th century) I just mentioned them)
                There is a separate big debate with Katyn.
            2. Marek Rozny
              +1
              18 February 2013 14: 32
              Well. Alexander Romanov decided to include an administrative resource, threatening to ban. Forced to leave interlocutors with a Russian-centrist version of history. Believe what you want.
              1. +1
                18 February 2013 14: 35
                Quote: Marek Rozny
                Well. Alexander Romanov decided to include an administrative resource, threatening to ban.

                Well, if you don’t understand differently what to do?
                Quote: Marek Rozny
                Believe what you want.

                All the best
              2. 0
                4 July 2017 18: 15
                Orys shoshkolar cannot do otherwise :).
    51. with Yaika
      +1
      14 February 2013 04: 55
      Quote: Marek Rozny
      1) Read Joseph Zheleznov, Borodin and Nikita Savichev - these are pre-revolutionary historians of the Ural army. Kazakhs, by the way, unlike Tatars or Kalmyks, were not “non-residents” in the Cossack army and did not settle separately...

      It was the Kyrgyz-Kaisaks who lived in the trans-Ural steppe and in the Bukeevskaya horde.
      After the formation of the Ural region in 1868, changes began... They began to visit Uralsk.



      Quote: Marek Rozny
      ..., since the Ural region is Kazakh land. This is noted by Borodin.

      Well, of course... They just lived on the left bank of the Yaik.
      Excerpts from the book "A Brief Review of Memorable Events in the Orenburg Region from 1246 to 1832"
      Zhukovsky. Edition 1832.



      1. Marek Rozny
        0
        18 February 2013 14: 11
        All these books are familiar to me.
        1) Regarding the city of Uralsk - the city itself was founded by Russians. Nobody argues with this. But it was built on Kazakh lands. And it is noted here that the Kazakhs had not previously settled in the city itself, but at the same time, the Kazakhs were the indigenous population in the region. That’s why it was stupid to consider them strangers, unlike the Persians or Kazan Tatars.
        2) The Kazakhs were forced out to the left bank of the Urals under Catherine, who, under pain of death, forbade the Kazakhs to cross the river (and the Kazakh local clans had distant pastures there). Until the 18th century, Kazakhs lived permanently on both banks of the Urals.
        3) Based on the dates of the Yaik Cossacks - isn’t it funny to you? Firstly, it is mentioned where these Cossacks come from - the DON. Secondly, they settled in the Urals when the Kazakhs were already living there. Who do you think they fought with when they captured Saraishyk in 1580?))) The Kazan Tatars? Gyyy) The phrase "Tatar Khan" does not mean Kazan Tatar) Sarayshyk is a Kazakh city. Or do you want to say that Sarayshyk was erected by the Kazakhs after the Russian Don daredevils came there this year?))))))))) What do you want to prove with these excerpts?))) That it was not the Kazakhs who lived in the Urals, but " Tatars" and "Nogais"? This is all called superficial knowledge of Turkic history. With this approach, I can call that the inhabitants of Omsk are not Russians, but a separate people “Slavs”. And the residents of Novgorod are not even “Slavs”, but a third people - “Novgorodians”)))) It’s nonsense, isn’t it? But you prove to me that the autochthonous inhabitants of the Urals are not “Kazakhs”, but “Tatars” and “Nogais”. By the way, at that time even the Kazan (as well as the Siberian, Crimean, Polish-Lithuanian) “Tatars” did not call themselves that. Their self-name is “Bulgar”.
        The last document mentions Astrakhan. In general, it is undoubtedly a Kazakh city (Khoja-Tarkhan once). By the way, would you like to tell us the “original Russian” names of the Yaik and its tributaries?))) If this is “original Russian land,” then why do the Russian Cossacks not have Russian names for these rivers?)))
        1. Yaik Cossack
          0
          20 February 2013 19: 56
          Complete nonsense! I have never heard from Kazakhs that Astrakhan, Orenburg, Samara and Saratov are Kazakh cities. To your last question. Tell me what Atyrau is?! Unlike you, we respect history and do not change toponymy. It’s better to remain silent about the original Kazakh cities.

          The property of the people... The disappearance of Russian “Ivanovkas” and “Mikhailovkas” has become a regular occurrence in Kazakhstan

          The Russian public in Kazakhstan is extremely concerned about the ongoing process of renaming. Russian toponymy is consistently disappearing in the republic, and along with it the historical memory of the creative activity of the Russian population, which for more than one hundred and fifty years civilized the Kazakh steppes.
          It would not be a great exaggeration to say that “non-title” citizens of the republic made their decisive contribution to the creation of the modern infrastructure of Kazakhstan, a contribution paid for by the heroic labors and lives of generations of Russian people. Visible evidence of this is communications, industrial and economic facilities and thousands of cities and towns, which today are the national heritage of a sovereign republic.
          Meanwhile, Kazakh linguists and “onomasts,” guided by considerations far from science, continue to persistently raise the topic of replacing Russian toponyms with Kazakh ones in Kazakh society. Moreover, we are not talking about the Russian “Ivanovkas” and “Mikhailovkas” (the disappearance of which in the republic has long been on stream), but about the large cities of Kazakhstan (Pavlodar, Petropavlovsk, Uralsk), which have a symbolic and sacred character for Russian citizens.
          The Slavic movement “Lad” has more than once drawn the attention of the Kazakh authorities to the fact that the “onomastic itch” in the republic is of a systemic, de-Russifying nature, not due to any convincing scientific and historical argumentation. It is obvious that gullies and ravines - and other relief features of the area that have Kazakh names and are associated with the movement of nomadic tribes in space - are not equivalent to human urbanization activities and man-made objects that are the result of the intellectual, creative and constructive work of Russian pioneers on the territory of Kazakhstan.
          Changing Russian names, signs and tablets is a simple matter (the ruler’s own, sovereign, hand). This, of course, will not make life better and more fun for the vast majority of Kazakhstanis (both Russians and Kazakhs). But there is almost no doubt that such “landscape-relief onomastics” will lead to the alienation of the Russian population from the Kazakh authorities, and will also strengthen the further national stratification of Kazakh society.
          It is equally important that the ideological truncation of centuries-old Russian-Kazakh historical and cultural ties comes into sharp conflict with the integration processes between Russia and Kazakhstan within the framework of the Customs Union. Trying to erase traces of Russian material culture on the territory of the republic, it is difficult for the Kazakh authorities to count on the trust and strength of Russian-Kazakh interstate relations.
          Maxim Borisovich Kramarenko - Chairman of the Republican Slavic Movement "Lad" in Kazakhstan
          1. Marek Rozny
            -2
            21 February 2013 04: 27
            1) Atyrau is the original name of the area where Guryev was built. The fact that the Russians built a base for themselves deep into Asia on the site of the prison does not mean that this is Russian land. And what to call cities in Kazakhstan is our right. And even more so when it historically had its Kazakh name.
            2) Why should I remain silent about the original Kazakh cities? If for you all Kazakhs are residents of yurts, then it is difficult to prove anything. Most Kazakh cities (Shymkent, Almaty (not Fort Verny), Taraz, Turkestan, etc.) have more history than any city in Rus'. Astrakhan was founded by the Turks, who were later called Kazakhs. This city was taken by war, like Kazan.
            3) The Lad movement is a bunch of loudmouths and milkers of the Russian budget. In the 90s they generally threw tantrums. Ask any Russian Kazakh citizen what Lad does and whether he feels any benefit from its existence. The answer will be: “I have no idea what they are doing, I have never encountered their activities.” This is an office that sucks money from Russia for “cultural support of Russian-speaking people,” and for this purpose it imitates vigorous activity on paper. Saying that they represent the interests of Russians in Kazakhstan is the same as saying that Ekho Moskvy represents the interests of Russians in Russia.
            4) Until the 20th century, Russian settlers created nothing in KZ except military bases and fairs where Kazakh cattle were bought for subsequent resale in Russia and Europe. A scant civilian infrastructure was built to serve the needs of the displaced military, royal officials and their families.
            Large-scale construction began only in the first two five-year plans of the 30s, when the country needed the wealth of Kazakhstan. Then Komsomol construction projects arose, where Kazakh laborers and newly arrived Russian laborers built mining plants under the leadership of American and European engineers from the office of Albert Kahn. However, these American engineers built not only the entire industrial base in the Kazakh SSR in the 20-30s, but also in the RSFSR and Ukraine. More than one hundred thousand American and European specialists worked in the USSR, building infrastructure and training local Soviet personnel. After 1939, the ten-year collaboration with Albert Kahn’s company was stopped, because... trained several hundred thousand of their own specialists. Kahn's services were generously paid for in gold, Russian timber, Ukrainian and Volga wheat and Kazakh meat. Americans were not interested in Soviet rubles, of course. It was precisely because of the massive expropriation of grain and meat to pay for Kan’s services that the worst famine in the USSR in 1932-1933 was caused in Ukraine, the Volga region and especially Kazakhstan, where in 2 years the number of Kazakhs decreased by 2 (!) times!
            So the Kazakhs paid for Stalin’s industrialization in full.
            1. Marek Rozny
              -2
              21 February 2013 04: 28
              Regarding the renaming of cities - cities receive their historical names, and so that there is no stupid thought that the Kazakhs stupidly rename everything non-Kazakh, let me remind you that the city of Leninogorsk, for example, the Kazakhs renamed Ridder in honor of the German, thanks to whom this city appeared. And in the case that the city of Dzhambul received its historical thousand-year-old name Taraz - do you also see Kazakh nationalism? In Kazakhstan, streets named in honor of communist realities, as well as in honor of people not related to Kazakhstan, were massively renamed. At the same time, Kazakhs willingly name streets in honor of their Kazakh Russians, who made a significant contribution to the republic - the streets of Kubrin, Zataevich, Potanin, etc. appeared.
              As for the alleged renaming of Pavlodar and Petropavlovsk, this is nonsense. The government and state onomasts are not going to rename these cities. Although the Kazakh public suggested renaming Pavlodar to Kereku. Before you laugh or swear, I’ll explain - Kerek is the Kazakh nickname for the governor of the Pavlodar fortress Koryakov, and they wanted to name the city after him. The Kazakhs called and still call Uralsk Oral, because... There is no word “Ural” in the Kazakh language at all. Why would Kazakhs break their tongue and call the Bashkir version of a word if it has a Kazakh equivalent? Or did you suddenly decide that this is a Russian word?
              And most importantly, why is Russia worried about the renaming of names in KZ, if Russia itself, in tsarist times, in Soviet times, and now has renamed thousands of settlements from Finnish, Turkic, German? Where is the Turkic toponymy of Crimea? Where are the Finnish names of the Leningrad region? Where are the German names of the Volga region? And how many were renamed in the Urals, Siberia and other regions! And why is the renaming of Lenin Street in Almaty “Kazakh nationalism”, while the renaming of Leningrad, Kalinin and Kuibyshev is a normal process?
    52. vtlkzn
      0
      18 February 2013 09: 06
      The arguments are very convincing. But, in my opinion, it is useless to prove anything to Marek Rozny. He has his own truth...
    53. Yaik Cossack
      -1
      21 February 2013 12: 10
      By the way, about the renaming of Uralsk to the supposed Kazakh pronunciation Oral. And laughter and sin! But for us it's laughter through tears.
    54. boots
      0
      3 November 2013 19: 43
      They were not thinking about life, but about honor and glory. But in our time there is no such thing... In my unit there was a case, everyone perceived it in their own way and without comment the commander at the meeting said: we serve for money and not for an idea: MAYBE IT WAS RELATED TO THE REFORM OF THE FORMER MINISTRY OF DEFENSE with an increase in salaries... but it was not pleasant to hear... and what an honor for an officer and what a personal example
    55. boots
      0
      3 November 2013 19: 45
      Glory to the Heroes. Ikans, hundreds of Grechishkin, outposts of centurion Gorbatko... eternal glory
    56. The comment was deleted.

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