Oleg Ryazansky. The life and fate of the famous prince
Oleg Ivanovich Ryazansky. Reconstruction by T. S. Balueva and E. V. Veselovskaya
В previous article we talked about the Ryazan Principality, ending it with a message about the first mention of Oleg in a chronicle source (Nikonovsky Codex) in 1353. Today we will continue the story and talk about the difficult and hard life and fate of this prince. The Sovereign's Genealogy Book (a genealogical book of Russian princely and boyar families, created around 1555) names Ivan Ivanovich Koropol as his father, who died in the war against the Principality of Pronsk. However, as early as the mid-19th century, D. Ilovaisky suggested that Oleg was the son of another Ivan – Alexandrovich. Who, by the way, was the son of Alexander Mikhailovich Pronsk, killed by Ivan Koropol. And in Oleg’s charter to one of the monasteries, one can read:
“By the prayer of my father, the great Prince Ivan Alexandrovich.”
This version is now the main one.
The date of birth of Oleg Ivanovich is unknown, but already in 1353 we see him at the head armies Ryazan Principality:
“That same summer, in Petrovo Retreat, on the 22nd day of June, I took Ryazantsi Lopasna. Their prince Oleg Ivanovich was still young then, and seized the governor, Mikhail Alexandrovich, and took him to Ryazan, and there he was in exhaustion, and then barely ransomed him, and so he went home.”
(Nikonovsky vault).
Let us note that Lopasnya is an original Ryazan city, captured by Muscovites in 1300, along with Kolomna. One can only guess how “young” Prince Oleg could have been - he was probably about 15 years old at the time. But his future rival Dmitry (Donskoy) was not yet three years old at that time - he was born on October 12, 1350. The Moscow principality was ruled in 1353 by his father, Ivan Ivanovich the Red, who died in 1359.
In 1358, Oleg met with the Tatar prince Muhammad-Khoja, who was tasked with determining the borders of the Ryazan and Moscow principalities. It is curious that this high mission did not prevent the Horde from ravaging the lands of both.
And in 1365, the combined troops of Oleg Ryazansky, Vladimir Pronsky and Titus Kozelsky defeated the army of the Tatar prince Tagay, whose ulus was located on the territory of modern Mordovia, near the Shishevsky forest (in the modern Shilovsky district of the Ryazan region).
“Evil battle at the Shishevsky forest”: Oleg Ryazansky, Vladimir Pronsky and Titus Kozelsky during the battle with Tagai
In 1370, when Moscow was besieged by the troops of the Lithuanian prince Olgerd, Oleg sent a detachment of his son-in-law, Prince Vladimir Dmitrievich, to help Dmitry. But already in 1371, Vladimir, having quarreled with his father-in-law, turned to Dmitry for help, and Muscovites under the command of Dmitry Mikhailovich Bobrok-Volynsky defeated Oleg’s army in the battle of Skornishchev. Vladimir Pronsky took the Ryazan throne, Oleg had to knock him out with the support of the Tatars, Murza Solokhmir, who came to his service. Solokkhmir then converted to Orthodoxy, becoming Ivan Miroslavich, and married Oleg’s sister Anastasia. He became the founder of the noble families of the Apraksins, Rataevs, Kryukovs, Shishkins, Chebotarevs and some others.
In 1375, Oleg Ryazansky acted as an arbitrator in a dispute between Dmitry of Moscow and Mikhail Tversky.
In 1377, the united army of the Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod principalities suffered a shameful defeat on the river with the “speaking” name Piana:
“And a great army gathered, and they went across the river beyond Piana. And the news came to them that Tsarevich Arapsha was on Volchya Voda... They behaved carelessly, not thinking about the danger: some put their armor on carts, while others kept them in packs; shields and spears were not prepared for battle. And everyone rode, unbuttoning their fasteners and lowering their clothes from their shoulders, warming up from the heat, for it was a hot time. And if they found honey or beer when they were alive, then they drank without measure, and got drunk, and drove around drunk... And the elders, and their princes, and the older boyars, and the nobles, and the governors, they all left to hunt, they made fun for themselves, It was as if they were at home.”
(“The Tale of the Massacre on the Piana River”).
By the way, the “abuse” of two traditional Erzya drinks, buza based on rye malt, and pure honey mash, was probably fatal for the allies then. Especially the second one. This is how P. Melnikov-Pechersky describes the action of pure in “Essays on the Mordovians”:
“If an unaccustomed person drinks a glass of this drink, which tastes very pleasant, his head will remain fresh, but his legs seem to be taken away, the leg muscles do not obey the will of the person at all. After sleep there is a terrible headache that lasts for a day or more.”
Let us also note that Prince Arapsha is Arab Shah Muzaffar, a descendant of the fifth son of Jochi Shiban. Karamzin writes that Arapsha
“he was a king of the camp, but a giant in courage, cunning in war and fierce to the extreme.”
There are coins that date from May 1377 – April 1378. minted in the name of the Arab Shah, as the khan of the Golden Horde. That is, the Shibanid Arab Shah was an opponent of Mamai and his next puppet, Muhammad Sultan. Arab Shah was apparently expelled from Sarai by Tokhtamysh.
But let’s return to the events of 1377, when on the Pyana River the Arapsha army easily defeated the allied Russian army. After this, the Nizhny Novgorod and Ryazan lands were devastated. Pereslavl-Ryazan was also captured; Oleg, wounded by arrows, barely escaped capture. The following year, the army of Murza Begich set off on a campaign against Moscow. And then Dmitry literally “framed” Oleg by meeting the Tatars on Ryazan soil - Mamai accused him of letting the Moscow army through. On the Vozha River (20 versts from Pereyaslavl-Ryazansky) Dmitry Moskovsky and Danila Pronsky defeated the Horde. When Mamai organized a punitive campaign against Ryazan the following year, Dmitry, who provoked this attack, did not provide Oleg with any help. The Nikon Chronicle says:
“When the Tatars came, they took the city of Dubok and burned it, and they burned Pereslavl, and they burned other cities, and they fought and burned the volosts and villages, and having gathered a large crowd, they returned home, making the land of Ryazan empty.”
After this, Mamai began to gather forces for a campaign against Moscow - the same one that ended with the battle on the Kulikovo Field.
Mamai's army is crossing the river in a miniature of the Face Vault, 1656-1676.
Oddities of behavior of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Jogaila and Oleg Ryazansky
Lev Gumilev wrote:
“The army of Muscovites, Vladimir, Suzdal, etc. went to the Kulikovo field, and the army of Russians returned.”
But it is not so. Everyone understood that Mamai was going to punish the rebellious vassal - ulusnik Dmitry of Moscow, who had not paid tribute to the Tatars since 1374 and for many years had offended his Russian neighbors. By the way, many years later the author of “The Tale of the Massacre of Mamayev” had no doubt about Dmitry’s obligation to pay “exit” to the Horde; only the size of this tribute was subject to discussion. According to him, Metropolitan Cyprian, who in fact was known for his anti-Horde position (and he was not in Moscow at that time - he would be admitted to it only in 1381), did not doubt this either. But, according to the “Tale...”, the following conversation took place between Dmitry and Cyprian:
“The Metropolitan answered the Grand Duke: “Tell me, my lord, what you did wrong before him (Mamai)?”
The great prince said: “I checked, father, everything was accurate, that everything was according to the behests of our fathers, and even more, I paid tribute to him.”
The great prince said: “I checked, father, everything was accurate, that everything was according to the behests of our fathers, and even more, I paid tribute to him.”
That is, it is emphasized that Dmitry is not a rebel or a rebel, but a law-abiding ulusnik, an obedient vassal of the Horde. There is not even any talk about the “liberation of Russian lands from the Tatar yoke.” According to the “Tale...”, Mamai’s campaign against Rus' was not provoked by anything - the devil incited him to it, with the connivance of God, and even the “old Tatars” told Beklyaribek about the super-successful campaigns of Batu Khan. Let us recall that Batu’s invasion of Rus' took place in 1237-1241, and it is scary to imagine the age of the “old Tatars” who remembered them.
This is how Mamai is represented in the painting by I. Glazunov (from the series “Kulikovo Field”, 1980)
As for neighborly grievances, these are the words the author of “The Tale of the Massacre of Mamaev” puts into the mouth of Cyprian, to whom Dmitry came to complain about the Ryazan and Lithuanian princes:
“The Right Reverend Metropolitan said: And you yourself, sir, have not caused any offense to both of them?”
Dmitry, of course, did not remember anything like this, and the author of “The Tale ...” believes him as if he were his own, but the very fact of mentioning such an acute and uncomfortable issue in a panegyric essay is already very alarming. But the Ryazan prince Oleg considers himself offended and allegedly writes to Mamaia from himself and from Olgerd of Lithuania:
“We received a great insult from this Grand Duke Dimitri Ivanovich.”
And the reason for Oleg’s offense in this source is called the most reliable: the strategically important city of Kolomna, near which the Moscow River merges with the Oka, was taken from Ryazan. True, it was a very long time ago - 80 years ago, there are more recent grievances, but this is the most painful, unhealing one. In Pereyaslavl-Ryazan they remember whose city this is, and in 5 years they will take it away from Muscovites.
Further, the author of the “Tale...” reports that it has been three years since the deceased Olgerd of Lithuania rose from the grave and also “sneaked” at Mamaia:
“Prince Dimitry of Moscow inflicts a great insult on your ulusnik, Prince Oleg of Ryazan, and he also does great harm to me... Let your attention, O Tsar, turn to our suffering from the Moscow prince Dimitry Ivanovich.”
It further turns out that Oleg Ryazansky sent letters to all interested parties: a loyal letter to Mamaia, warning Dmitry, and he also did not forget to write to Olgerda, which made the deceased very happy. But for some reason Oleg ignored the living Grand Duke of Lithuania Jagiello. We also note that Dmitry’s constant interlocutor, Metropolitan Cyprian, was admitted to Moscow only in 1381. This is all about the reliability of the information in this document, the anonymous author of which, no earlier than 80, or even 100 years after those events, is the only one accusing Oleg of treason, calling him “damned" and "new Svyatopolk».
Oleg informed Dmitry that Mamai was gathering an army against both Moscow and Ryazan, that he could not help him, but would not interfere with those people who wanted to join the Muscovites as volunteers. In “Zadonshchina” it is stated that 70 Ryazan boyars took part in the Battle of Kulikovo - of course, not alone, but with their servants. However, it was written (obviously imitating “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”) at the end of the XNUMXth or at the beginning of the XNUMXth century, as is believed, by a certain Zephanius of Ryazan. Some consider him a boyar of Prince Oleg, others consider him a Bryansk boyar who ended up in his old age in one of the Ryazan monasteries. Historians question such a massive participation of Ryazan volunteers in this battle.
Other principalities independent of Moscow did not help Dmitry either: according to modern data, the Novgorod Republic (the Novgorodians were “late”), Tver, and Nizhny Novgorod still did not send their troops. The possibility of participation of detachments from Pronsk and Vyazma is allowed. The sons of Olgerd, Andrei Polotsky and Dmitry Bryansky, who went over to the side of Moscow, brought squads from Pskov and Pereslavl-Zalessky.
Dmitry Donskoy meets Andrei Olgerdovich Polotsky and Dmitry Olgerdovich Bryansky, miniature “The Tale of the Massacre of Mamayev”, 17th century.
It is clear why the late Olgerd did not take part in the battle on the Kulikovo field. But no one can say for sure why the Grand Duke of Lithuania Jagiello and Oleg Ryazansky evaded. Indeed, in “The Tale of the Massacre of Mamai” they are directly called allies of this temnik-beklyaribek and tearfully beg Mamai to punish Dmitry for the insults inflicted on him, and the moment for settling accounts is more than auspicious.
Many now believe that the goal of the movement of the army of the Principality of Lithuania to the east was to restore power in the Bryansk, Novgorod-Seversky, and Chernigov lands. Part of these territories was captured by the Yagaila brothers Andrei and Dmitry Olgerdovich who fled to Moscow - with the support of Vladimir Serpukhovsky and Dmitry Bobrok-Volynsky. By attacking these lands, Jagiello, of course, opposed Moscow, and therefore he can really be called an ally of Mamai. But, solving his own problems, the Lithuanian prince, apparently, did not even plan to participate in the battle on the Kulikovo field.
Jagiello
Oleg, having gathered an army just in case (the action took place near the borders of his principality, and you never know how things could have turned out), probably acted on the principle of “two fight, the third stay out.” And then with satisfaction I could remember the words of Mstislav Vladimirovich, brother of Yaroslav the Wise, spoken by him after the battle of Listven:
“Who wouldn’t be happy about this? Here lies a northerner, and here is a Varangian, and his own squad is intact.”
They claim that Ryazan detachments attacked returning Muscovites, captured convoys and even took prisoners. The Lithuanians did the same.
The following year, 1381, through the mediation of Metropolitan Cyprian, Oleg and Dmitry concluded an anti-Horde treaty, in which the Ryazan prince recognized himself as the “younger brother” of Moscow. Under the terms of this agreement, he also freed Dmitry’s soldiers captured a year earlier.
The mysterious campaign against Moscow of Tokhtamysh
And in 1382, a new legitimate khan came to Rus' - Tokhtamysh, who by that time had defeated the usurper Mamai.
Tokhtamysh on the throne of the Golden Horde. Miniature of the Facial Chronicle Code
Tokhtamysh's campaign is another Russian mystery stories. After all, Dmitry (like all other princes) recognized the power of Tokhtamysh and had no intention of organizing a new Battle of Kulikovo. They write that Dmitry refused to pay tribute, but this is unlikely: Tokhtamysh, unlike Mamai, was a real “king”, whose power no one in Rus' was going to challenge. There were no grounds for refusing tribute to Tokhtamysh, just as there were not enough forces to openly challenge him. On the Kulikovo Field, after all, only a temnik was defeated, who, having become a beklyaribek (something like the “head of the administration”), usurped power in part of the Horde’s territory. By the way, he had big problems with the control of these lands, and his Chingizid proteges were repeatedly expelled from Sarai. Muhammad-Sultan (Mamat-Saltan), for example, was khan from 1370 to 1379, but he owned Sarai only in 1371-1373, 1374 and, possibly, in 1375-1376.
Thus, Mamai’s resources were not comparable to those of the khan. Moreover, he has not received tribute from Moscow for 6 years.
But why did Tokhtamysh almost immediately go on a campaign against his Moscow tributary and destroy his possessions? It is clear that you cannot collect taxes from burned cities and villages and you cannot send “exit” from them to the Horde.
Dmitry’s behavior looks very strange: if you follow the official version, for some reason he actually fled from well-fortified Moscow, which the Tatars were then able to take only by cunning. Allegedly he went to Kostroma to gather troops. But I didn’t collect it, because suddenly
“Disagreement emerged among the princes, and they did not want to help each other, and brother did not want to help brother.”
Two years ago, the princes did not refuse to help Dmitry against Mamai, but now for some reason they “didn’t want to.” Even his cousin, the hero of the Battle of Kulikovo, Vladimir Serpukhovskoy, who withdrew his troops to Volok Lamsky, refused to join the Grand Duke. Agree that dividing forces during a large invasion of the Tatars is not the best idea: they will be broken up in parts, as has happened more than once. And in Moscow at this time events were taking place that were very similar to the rebellion against Dmitry. The townspeople robbed the houses of the boyars and "got drunk", the gate was controlled not by vigilantes, but by some strangers "with naked weapons, Rogatins and Sulitsa" Following the prince, Dmitry's wife Evdokia and Metropolitan Cyprian fled from the city with great difficulty - also robbed by Muscovites. At the same time, Evdokia went to her husband in Kostroma, but Cyprian went to the Grand Duke of Tver Mikhail Alexandrovich, who was not a friend of Dmitry Donskoy. And who undertook to defend Moscow from the Tatars? Some Lithuanian prince Ostey, grandson of Olgerd, who previously came to fight with Moscow three times, and now “hailstone rebellion tamed" And Tokhtamysh, it turns out, is first of all interested: is Prince Dmitry in Moscow now? And, having received a negative answer, he does not go to look for the tributary who allegedly does not want to pay the “exit”, but besieges the city, which is ready to submit to submission - in order for it to open the gates for it, you just need to recognize the coup that took place in Moscow and the new Prince Osteya. Which Tokhtamysh pretended to do three days later. And then the khan burned Moscow and confirmed the label for the Great Reign for the fugitive debtor Dmitry.
It is suggested that in fact the uprising of Muscovites was not a consequence of Tokhtamysh’s campaign, but its cause: Dmitry was expelled from Moscow, and the khan came to the aid of his vassal. And the reason for the rebellion could be an increase in taxes - just to pay tribute to Tokhtamysh. They receive an explanation for the actions of the Nizhny Novgorod princes Vasily Kirdyapa and Semyon Dmitrievich (whose sister was the wife of Dmitry Donskoy), who convinced the Muscovites to open the gates. It is quite possible that Vasily and Semyon acted as allies of Dmitry, who was expelled from Moscow, and acted in his interests. On the way back, the Tatars also plundered the Ryazan lands, but it is likely that individual detachments did not ask Tokhtamysh for permission to do this, and the khan could not control the troops stretched over many miles. A clash between Vladimir Serpukhovsky’s squad and some minor Tatar detachment (most likely, a marauder detachment that broke away from the main forces) was also noted. Dmitry, not daring to engage in battle with the Tatars, attacked the Ryazan principality - as if taking revenge on Oleg for showing the Horde fords on the Oka (which, by the way, was not particularly necessary - they were well known to the Tatar merchants and cattle traders ). Most likely, Dmitry simply wanted to improve his rather shaky financial situation at the expense of his neighbor.
Military successes of Oleg Ryazansky
In 1385, Oleg was finally able to return Kolomna, captured by the Muscovites, and then, near Perevitsk, he defeated the Moscow army of Vladimir Andreevich Serpukhovsky (Brave). They claim that the Ryazan people captured half of his army. The son of the Lithuanian prince Andrei Olgerdovich, Mikhail, who participated in the Battle of Kulikovo, also died in the battle. This time, Sergius of Radonezh became a mediator in concluding peace between Ryazan and Moscow. In 1386, Oleg's son Fyodor married Dmitry's daughter Sophia. In 1400, their daughter was married to the son of the above-mentioned Vladimir of Serpukhov.
Fyodor Olgovich on a miniature of the Front Chronicle Vault
Oleg had to repel the raids of the Tatars. So, according to the Nikon Chronicle, in 1394
“The great prince Oleg Ivanovich Ryazan defeated the Tatars of the Takhtamysh Hordes, who came into exile to the Ryazan authorities.”
In 1400, according to the same source:
“In the borders of Cherlenago Yar and in the guardhouses near Khopor to the Don, the great prince Oleg Ivanovich, with the Pronsky princes and with the Murom and Kozelsky, beat up many Tatars, and captured Tsarevich Mamat-Saltan Yasha, and other Orda princes.”
Please note: in this case, Oleg does not fight off the Tatars, but makes a deep raid on Horde territory - the place in question is located approximately 500 km south of the Kulikovo Field.
For some time, Oleg’s son Rodoslav was held hostage in the Horde, but he managed to escape. On the side of his son-in-law, Prince Yuri Svyatoslavich of Smolensk, Oleg successfully fought against Vitovt of Lithuania, who captured Smolensk. At the same time, the new Moscow prince, Vasily (Dmitry Donskoy died in 1389), Vitovt’s son-in-law, did not provide any help to the Smolensk people.
The last years of Oleg Ryazansky's life
In 1402, the Ryazan army, led by Rodoslav Olgovich, was defeated by the Lithuanians in the Battle of Lubutsk. Oleg’s son was captured, from which only a few years later the new Ryazan prince, Fyodor Olgovich, managed to redeem him. And Oleg and his wife Euphrosyne (daughter of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Olgerd, sister of the wife of Vladimir Andreevich Serpukhovsky) soon after the defeat at Lyubutsk took monastic vows: Oleg, who took the name Joachim, settled in the Solotchinsky monastery he founded, and Euphrosyne, who became Eupraxia, in Solotchinsky Women's Zachateisky.
Oleg died in June 1402, his wife survived him by either two or four years.
In October 1769, by decree of the Holy Synod, the remains of Oleg and Euphrosyne were transferred to the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary of the Solotchinsky Monastery. In 1923 they were transferred to the Ryazan Provincial Museum, and in 1990 they were returned to the Church. Currently, their common tomb is located in the Nativity of the Mother of God Cathedral of the Solotchinsky Monastery (in 1994 it was revived as a women's monastery).
Photo from the website of the Ryazan Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve
In the 2010s. famous anthropologists T. S. Balueva and E. V. Veselovskaya reconstructed the face of Prince Oleg based on his skull. You saw a photograph of this sculpture at the very beginning of this article.
On May 16, 2023, by resolution of the Synod, Prince Oleg was included in the Cathedral of Ryazan Saints.
Oleg Ryazansky on a modern icon
The decline of the Ryazan principality
Under the new Ryazan prince Fedor, Oleg’s son, the Tatars were defeated in 1404:
“The Tatars came as exiles to Ryazan, and the great prince Feodor Olgovich, Ivanov’s grandson, sent an ambassador after them in pursuit; As they walked, the Tatars were full of food, and they caught many Tatars, and returned to Ryazan with much joy.”
(Nikon Chronicle).
The battles with the Tatars in 1410 and 1425 were successful: the Ryazan people overtook the Tatars who came as “exiles,” crushed them and recaptured the captives.
In 1460, Ryazan (more precisely, Pereyaslavl-Ryazan) unsuccessfully tried to capture Khan Akhmat, who, according to the Simeon Chronicle, stood at the city walls for 6 days and “retreat from him in shame" And the Ermolinsk Chronicle reports that Akhmat besieged Ryazan for three weeks
“They approached the city every day and killed many of its Tatars... they left with great shame.”
Ryazan maintained its independence from Moscow longer than other Great Duchies: Nizhny Novgorod ceased to exist in 1447, Tver - in 1485. The Great Ryazan Principality, although it became a vassal of Moscow in recent years, held out until 1521.
The grandson of Oleg Ryazansky, Ivan Fedorovich, dying in 1456, left his 8-year-old son Vasily and daughter Feodosia in the care of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily II (Dark).
Vasily and Feodosia of Ryazan come to Moscow to visit Vasily II
Moscow governors began to rule Ryazan, but in 1464 another Moscow prince, Ivan III, returned Vasily Ivanovich to Ryazan and in December of the same year married him to his younger sister Anna. Vasily Ivanovich ruled for 19 years, maintaining the most friendly relations with Moscow. Vasily's eldest son, Ivan, became the penultimate Grand Duke of Ryazan, and the youngest, Fedor, transferred his inheritance to Ivan III. The last Ryazan prince, Ivan Ivanovich, great-great-great-grandson of the famous Oleg, was arrested in Moscow in 1520 by order of Vasily III (father of Ivan the Terrible). His mother was sent to a monastery. The okolnichy I.V. Obraztsov-Simsky Khabar became the Moscow governor in Pereyaslavl-Ryazan. History expert Valery Bryusov, whom Gorky called “the most cultural writer of Russia”, this is how a poem written in 1899 talks about it:
Balalaika is a know-it-all!
Sing to us merrily
Your own song
Sing to us noche you, noche you, noche you...
Like the Ryazan prince sitting under lock and key,
He sits under lock and key, looking at Moscow,
Duma thinks, he recalls,
As full of Moscow people without guilt,
How they led him through the streets just now,
Natural Prince, Svyatoslavich,
How the Moscow people looked at him,
He saw me off, laughing, from the Kaluga Gate.
And he, the prince, deserves honor:
In your seniority, sit on the golden table.
Here it is burning in the crown, and there are rays all around!
The princes - the Monomakhovichs - worship.
But he is glad to love those with all his soul,
In Rurik's tribe, everyone is the elder brother.
Here he will shout the cry, who is ready to fight!
On horseback he himself will lead his army
To Sveya, to Lithuania, to the rotten Crimea...
(If anyone doesn’t want to, go to others!)
The guslars will sing about the glorious battle,
They will have fun and glorify ancient Ryazan.
But all around is dark - silence -
Behind the bars, Moscow is visible through the window,
No one will hear the daring cry,
The last Olgovich sits behind the castle.
They will lead him, wait, among the thieves
For an evil execution in the Kremlin ditch.
Sing to us merrily
Your own song
Sing to us noche you, noche you, noche you...
Like the Ryazan prince sitting under lock and key,
He sits under lock and key, looking at Moscow,
Duma thinks, he recalls,
As full of Moscow people without guilt,
How they led him through the streets just now,
Natural Prince, Svyatoslavich,
How the Moscow people looked at him,
He saw me off, laughing, from the Kaluga Gate.
And he, the prince, deserves honor:
In your seniority, sit on the golden table.
Here it is burning in the crown, and there are rays all around!
The princes - the Monomakhovichs - worship.
But he is glad to love those with all his soul,
In Rurik's tribe, everyone is the elder brother.
Here he will shout the cry, who is ready to fight!
On horseback he himself will lead his army
To Sveya, to Lithuania, to the rotten Crimea...
(If anyone doesn’t want to, go to others!)
The guslars will sing about the glorious battle,
They will have fun and glorify ancient Ryazan.
But all around is dark - silence -
Behind the bars, Moscow is visible through the window,
No one will hear the daring cry,
The last Olgovich sits behind the castle.
They will lead him, wait, among the thieves
For an evil execution in the Kremlin ditch.
In 1521, Ivan Ivanovich managed to escape, but the Moscow governor was already firmly in Ryazan, who was not going to let the Ryazan prince into his city. Ivan Ivanovich spent the rest of his life in Lithuania, where he received the Stoklishki estate from King Sigismund I. Since then, the Ryazan lands have finally become part of the Moscow state. Many believe that it was then, by order of the Moscow Prince with the aim of ideologically justifying the annexation of Ryazan lands, that the literary work “The Tale of the Massacre of Mamaev” was written, in which Prince Oleg Ivanovich is declared a traitor to all-Russian interests.
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