Soviet 130-mm anti-aircraft gun KS-30 (1948 g.)

History create

In 1947, the design bureau of the plant No. 8 under the leadership of the chief designer L. V. Lyulyev developed those. 31410 project. This project was called "130-mm moving gun with SSP". The gun was designed to destroy air targets flying at a height of up to 19500 m. According to the project, it should have the following characteristics: Projectile mass - 33,4 kg; initial speed - 970 m / s; ceiling - 20 thousand. In the same year, the project was approved by the State Agrarian University and the Ministry of Arms. Gun assigned index KS-30. In the following year, 1948, Plant No. 8, produced a prototype of a KS-30 moving-type gun, which passed small factory tests in November of the same year. 25 December 1948 a sample was handed over to the customer, December 28 was sent to a research anti-aircraft artillery ground (NIZAP). 1948, the Kirov plant manufactured an experimental platform KS-30P. During 1949, a prototype of the platform and drawings were refined. In December 1949 of the year, four more platforms were manufactured and handed over to the customer.

5 - 17 April 1950. The experienced KS-30 battery (four guns with GSP-130) was factory tested without shooting at factory 8. However, the military acceptance of them refused to accept, because some of the mechanisms for them were not made. In addition, problems were noted: for example, on system No. 3 the tray swung incorrectly, there were failures of rammers, etc.

The second battery delivery was scheduled for June 1950. By this time, two ALD-100-2 (power units) deliveries of the Ministry of Electrical Industry had to be delivered. Their manufacture engaged plant number 686. Plant No. 172 was designated as the head manufacturer of the KS-30. Plant number 232 engaged in the manufacture of swinging parts for anti-aircraft guns.

Modifications

Plant number 232 in 1953 year began the manufacture of experimental trunks. In the new trunks, the rifled part was changed (the number of rifling was reduced from 40 to 28; the field width was changed from 4,2 mm to 6,29 mm; the width of the rifling - from 6,0 mm to 8,3 mm). This has improved the reliability, stability of the projectile, as well as reduce barrel wear.

Plant No. 172 20 April 1956. Sent a letter to the Main Artillery Directorate, proposing to improve the performance of the 130-mm anti-aircraft gun KS-30. In particular, it was proposed:
- increase the initial velocity of the projectile from 970 to 1100 m / s;
- increase the speed of the pointing drives: horizontal - from 25 to 40 degrees / sec; vertical - from 9 to 20 degrees / sec;
- to introduce into the design a mechanism for automatic correction of the angles of horizontal and vertical guidance of the instrument, taking into account the inclination of the axle axle of the cradle.

To obtain these characteristics, the plant offered to introduce a muzzle brake and a loading mechanism, to increase the power of the GPS, to introduce a partial lining of the barrel, or to use a composite pipe.

In addition, it was proposed to use the mechanized provision of ammunition from the cellar unified with the KM-52. The main objectives of this modernization was to reduce the time for re-loading the gun and to facilitate the work of the calculation.

Gun device

The barrel of an anti-aircraft gun consists of a pipe, a breech and a coupling. The pipe has 28 rifling (in pipes of early production - 40 rifling). In all pipes, the slope of the rifling is constant. The horizontal wedge valve has a semi-automatic copying (mechanical) type. After loading, the shutter is closed using an automatic closing mechanism. The impact mechanism of the shutter is activated automatically through a time relay (mechanical) in the trigger mechanism. The mechanical time relay with the tray is blocked in such a way that the shot is fired only after the tray returns to the upper position. The breech assembled throwing mechanism.

The cradle is a molded box with a pipe and a molded upper link welded to it. The front clip with rollers is fixed on the pipe, along which the barrel moves during rollback and roll forward. Hydropneumatic rammer is equipped with a hydraulic accelerator. The underride devices include a hydropneumatic retracting brake of a riveted type and two spring-hydraulic overlap brakes. When fired, recoil gears are still.

The welded machine, having a cast base, rotates on a spherical double row chase. Each row has 112 balls (diameter 40 mm).
The horizontal device is designed for mounting and leveling the rotating part of the gun. The frame of the device is mounted on a ball bearing and four jacks, which are mounted on the crosspiece. The frame of the leveling device with the help of jacks is moved relative to the cross on the angle 2 degrees in any vertical plane. The lifting mechanism has one sector. The rotating contact device provides unlimited rotation in azimuth.

Guidance mechanisms have a mechanical transmission from hydraulic drives, with the help of which automatic aiming is carried out. In addition to auto-navigation, with the help of GSP-130 drives, semi-automatic and manual guidance can be carried out according to the data of the anti-aircraft fire control device using indicator devices. The control of hydraulic actuators in the case of semi-automatic guidance is carried out by means of manual guidance mechanisms, while the shift knobs are set in the “Semiautomatic” position. The structure of the spring balancing mechanism of the pulling type includes two columns.

The welded cross has folding legs arranged crosswise. In the stowed position, the paws are folded and attached to the cradle, the crosspiece and the machine. The cross in the stowed position serves as a vehicle. Retractable forward and reverse gears in the stowed position are attached to the crosspiece and, when transferred to the combat position, are rolled back.

Moves - uniaxial carts with torsion suspension. For the reverse and forward gears, wheels from YAZ-200 with GK tires (12,00x20 inches) are used. Hydrojacks are used for lowering and lifting a weapon when transferring from a combat position to a stopping position and back. The gun is transported with the help of an artillery heavy tractor.

The complex includes:
- 8 or less guns;
- gun stations of power supply ESD-50 VSA, placed on two-axle trailers;
- control unit anti-aircraft fire;
- the system GSP-130, which serves to enter data into the execution units and ensure the operation of non-8 guns;
- DREAM-30;
- the cable network connecting all elements of the complex, while the central distribution box (CID) is connected to PUAZO and each tool with a line of 300 meters in length, consisting of four segments of cable 75 m.

Winemaking

Production at plant number 172 was supposed to start in the fourth quarter of 1951, according to the plan it was necessary to hand over the 8 guns, but the plant did not pass any. In the 1952 year, it was planned to produce 16 guns, but none were produced. In fact, the production of KS-30 guns began in the 1954 year - 24 units. (according to the 32 gun plan); 1955 year - 120 units (120); 1956 year - XNUMHed. (255); 250 year - 1957 plus one for the landfill (333). In total, including experienced ones, made 328 guns. Production ended in December 738.

Technical characteristics 130-gun KS-30:
Trunk:
Caliber - 130 mm;
Barrel length with breech - 63,6 klb / 8266 mm;
The number of rifling 28 (on early 40 samples);
The mass of the barrel with a bolt - about 4170 kg;
Carriage:
The angle of vertical guidance from -3 to + 88 degrees;
The angle of horizontal guidance - 360 degrees;
Vertical speed:
from GSP-130 - 9 degrees / s;
manually - 0,5 hail, for a turn of a flywheel;
Horizontal pickup speed
from GSP-130 - 25 degrees / s;
manually - 3,6 hail, for a turn of a flywheel;
Rollback Length:
at an angle of 0 degrees - from 1450 to 1650 mm;
at an angle of + 88 degrees - from 1300 to 1500 mm;
The height of the line of fire - 1960 mm;
Dimensions in the combat position:
weight - 23500 kg;
length - 10360 mm;
height at 0 ° - 2690 mm;
height at 88 ° - 10510 mm;
width - 9525 mm;
Dimensions in the traveling position:
weight - 29000 kg;
length - 11650 mm;
height - 3250 mm;
width - 3075 mm;
clearance - 330 mm;
radius of overturning of a trunk - mm 6900:
vehicle base - 5000 mm;
Performance data:
Rate of Fire - 12 rds / min;
Firing range - 27000 m;
Maximum reach - 19500 m;
Transfer time from marching to martial status - 60 min;
Maximum wagon speed:
on the highway - 20 km / h;
on the road - 10 km / h;
Gun crew - 10 man;
Ammunition: O-481 - frag remote grenade;
Grenade mass - 33 kg, including 3,634 kg of explosive;
Fuse - VM-45, response time - 44,3 with;
Charging - separate-sleeve;
Sleeve - steel or brass;
The mass of the sleeve - 27,9 kg, including 14,3 kg of charge.
Initial speed - 970 m / s.

Based on materials:
http://военконспект.рф
http://war-arms.info
http://armyman.info
http://www.xliby.ru
http://omop.su

Comments

[Evgeny_Lev]

I’m embarrassed to ask if it has such a high ceiling, why not use such a gun today?
Corrected ammunition is.
Guidance on the radar which thread.
Automatic loading.

And voila, an inexpensive additional means of defense.

[Hammer]

The cost of the number of shells needed to destroy one modern standard target (even a straight flying one) will be several times higher than the cost of this target. Moreover, the probability of defeat will fluctuate, probably in the region of thousandths or ten thousandths of a percent.
And if we add here the cost of damage that an erupted aircraft can inflict (through such an aircraft, if I may say so), it turns out that by the criterion of cost / effectiveness, the S400 steers unambiguously.

[Evgeny_Lev]

A guided missile is more expensive than a C400 rocket and even the target itself?
I talked about using in conjunction with standard air defense systems

[neri73-r]

20 km this ceiling, the projectile at the end, stops and begins to fall under the influence of gravity. What kind of management are you talking about?

[Evgeny_Lev]

I understand, but before it flies a lot of time with good acceleration, during which control is possible.
Taxiing can be done, for example, not with one unit of a projectile, but with a battery salvo. Just the correction of the ballistic calculator (if it is there) immediately after the volley. I think a couple of three degrees can be fixed in this way.

[Hammer]

Quote: Evgeny_Lev

I understand, but before it flies a lot of time with good acceleration, during which control is possible.

An artillery shell with acceleration flies only in the bore, and just at that time it is not possible to control it. The rest of the time the projectile flies in slow motion.
Well, yes, after he begins to sink to the ground, he again appears some acceleration.

[Warm Padded Jacket]

after 44,3 seconds, the shell explodes in independence, it flies even higher or lower, and shatters into hundreds of small fragments, and 12 rounds per minute and a decent area will be covered with fragments.

[Hammer]

Quote: Evgeny_Lev

A guided missile is more expensive than a C400 rocket and even the target itself?

and what principle are you going to manage? Have you seen the control unit from an anti-aircraft missile? And in what place art, shell, you, excuse me, are going to stick all this equipment? If you stick everything you need into the shell to get a probability of hitting the target of 0,8-0,95, then just get a rocket for the S-300.
Or are you going to shoot the planes with Krasnopol?

Quote: Evgeny_Lev

I talked about using in conjunction with standard air defense systems

What's the point? It’s worth something else if the S-200 / S-300 / S-400 complexes deal with this by orders of magnitude better.
Now back to the cost / performance criterion.
The maximum firing range of this device is 27 km. This is only when shooting at ground targets. For air targets, this parameter will be less. And how many guns, PUZO and everything else do you need to cover only Moscow and MOBL, for example? Tens of thousands, and the effectiveness of the fire of this entire armada of guns will not exceed 0,2 with a massive raid. That is precisely why at one time Comrade Stalin (in the 50s) did not begin to develop the production of barreled anti-aircraft artillery, but concentrated his efforts on the creation and deployment of the S-25 "Berkut" air defense system.
Which was cheaper and at times became more effective.


As for the guided anti-aircraft projectile for, the sheepskin is not worth the candle. In principle, this can be done, but the effectiveness of this will not be great (due to the small ranges and low controllability of the projectile itself on the trajectory). The niche in the air defense structure can be occupied by this gun with the government. projectile, this is a short-range air defense. And there the Torah and the Shell are very effective.
In general, funderfavs do not exist.

[RISJ77]

Not all targets fly so high. For helicopters and drones just right. And taxiing will do.

[Forest]

Photo in my opinion from the Museum of Artillery in St. Petersburg.

[omsbon]

Absolutely, this is a museum of artillery in St. Petersburg. In my opinion, one of the most interesting, if not recommended.

[Edgar]

this instrument had to start designing 10-15 years earlier. and so it and the beginning of the design did not meet the requirements of the time. could not have taken it. whose quote - "generals are always preparing for the last war"?

[neri73-r]

The gun was made in 1947, and Powers was shot down in 1960! 10 years it was completely out of place! By the way, anti-aircraft guns are used by some states and gangs (in your opinion, rebels and fighters for democracy) are still quite effective.

[Astartes]

The gun can be used not only in anti-aircraft artillery. The IS-7 tank also had a 130 mm S-30 gun, possibly just a remake of this anti-aircraft gun.

[Setrac]

In my opinion, 130 mm is excessive for ZAK.
An interesting remark, in the Wikipedia column the number of ZAKs 57 and 100 mm in service in the Russian army says "a certain amount, as of 2007", the campaign has them and their number is a military secret. It would be interesting to know if air defense officers are taught to fight with ZAKs?

[alex86]

But there is someone competent, in the 84th year in Totsk I saw an anti-aircraft gun of at least 100 mm in a tower installation - the tower was a cube, there were five, obviously in reserve - what could be?

[Setrac]

Statistics have shown that in Yugoslavia and Iraq, one third of the shot down air targets fell on anti-aircraft artillery, I would like to know how this corresponds to reality.

[PXL]

Still, 738 guns were riveted in 4 years. It would be interesting to find out where these guns were in service (in what units), and how the replacement of the air defense system came from. By the way, the air defense system also needs to be protected with something.