Su-37 - draft strike aircraft

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The Su-37 is familiar to many, but most of the people this machine is familiar with as a modification of the legendary Su-27 fighter. However, in this article we are not talking about the fighter, which is known to many by its demonstrations at the MAKS air show, but about another Su-37 aircraft, which, according to its creators, was to be a continuation of the Su-25 tactical strike aircraft. This aircraft designer B. Babak never appeared at the MAKS air show, but in 1991, he was once presented at the air show in Dubai. That was the first and last appearance of the Su-37 attack aircraft in public.

In 1989, pursuant to the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Central Committee of the CPSU at the machine-building plant them. Sukhoi began the process of developing the conceptual design of a multifunctional fighter-bomber, which received the original designation Su-37. This aircraft was supposed to replace the fleet of tactical attack aircraft as part of the USSR Air Force and Warsaw Pact countries: Su-7, Su-17, Su-20, Su-22, Su-25, and also MiG-21, MiG-23 , MiG-27. In addition, the aircraft was planned to be delivered to Finland, China, India, Yugoslavia, North Korea and a number of other countries.

The new aircraft was designed to destroy ground (as well as surface) mobile armored and unarmored targets, small and area small targets, air defense systems, reconnaissance in simple and difficult weather conditions at any time of the day. In addition, the aircraft could be used to combat enemy strike and transport aircraft, it could successfully withstand the army and tactical aviation enemy, including tactical combat aircraft and anti-tank helicopters.
Su-37 - draft strike aircraft

The expected high level of Su-37 flight performance was the basis for ensuring its survivability and effectiveness over the battlefield. A rather large weight of the combat load, short landing and take-off distances, the possibility of basing on unpaved and damaged runways, as well as sufficient maneuverability made the Su-37 very successful and effective strike aircraft.

The cross section of the Su-37 fuselage and its wing have been optimized for use at low altitudes. The maximum speed of the car at low altitudes was estimated at 1 500 km / h. Cruising speed and range to a target at low altitude should have exceeded similar figures for Soviet fighters in service and belonging to the 4 generation. At the same time, the low specific fuel consumption provided the aircraft with a long range without the need to refuel the car in the air. At the same time the possibility of this procedure was provided. The calculated combat radius of the Su-37 with a combat load at the level of 3-x tons was supposed to be - 1 500 km. The estimated approach speed was 250-260 km / h, and the speed of the aircraft at the time of touching the strip was estimated at 220 km / h.

The main version of the Su-37 for the needs of the Soviet Air Force was to be the strike aircraft, which would have changed the Su-25 attack aircraft. With the new takeoff weight increased by 40%, the 88% could carry more combat load than the replaced Su-25. But since the Su-25 attack aircraft could still meet their purpose and successfully solve combat missions, while the USSR was already experiencing significant economic difficulties, it was decided to carry out such a replacement in 5-8 years.

As a result, OKB them. Sukhoi never received a monetary allocation for the creation of a prototype Su-37 due to limitations in the USSR state budget. Proceeding from this, the main direction was the promotion of the aircraft to the international market. An option was considered in which the creation of the Su-37 was envisaged in cooperation with states with less developed aviation industry. Such a solution would allow partners to obtain a specialized or multi-purpose aircraft based on the Su-37 relatively cheaply.

The Soviet program to create a new Su-37 strike aircraft seemed to anticipate a similar American JSF program. The main purpose of the Su-37 was to be the destruction of ground highly protected targets. To solve this problem, the Su-37 was planned to be equipped with a wide range of air-to-surface weapons. The total mass of the combat load, which could be placed on 18 points of the outer suspension, should have been 8,5 tons. At the same time, the new aircraft should have been able to solve fighter missions, moreover, both in a maneuverable melee and in relatively long-range combat using guided missiles. This was ensured by the incorporation of a short-range and medium-range air-to-air missile into its armament. In addition, the Su-37 was planned to be equipped with a rapid-fire automatic cannon.

Close enough Su-37 came to the JSF and its flight performance. Both aircraft should have been able to provide supersonic flight speeds, however, with a moderate number M (1,8 for Su-37 and 1,6 for JSF) and without performing a cruise flight in supersonic. Both aircraft had a normal take-off weight of 20 tons (18 tons for Su-37 and 17 tons for JSF) and were equipped with an 1 engine. With a combat load at the level of 4 tons, the calculated radii of the machines exceeded 1000 km.

The only fundamental difference between the two cars was their technical appearance. The planes had a different approach to ensuring objectivity in combat conditions. In the American JSF, high objectivity should have been ensured through the integrated use of stealth technologies, while at Su-37 this issue should have been resolved due to the high combat survivability of the entire machine as a whole. On this basis, the mass of means that were supposed to ensure the combat survivability of the Su-37 reached 1,3 tons (more than 7% of the total take-off mass).

The final decision on the implementation of the Su-37 strike aircraft project was made in 1990. By that time, all the necessary documentation for the new aircraft was sent to the serial plant. The assurance that the “process started” became the basis for the reduced Su-1991 model to be demonstrated at 37 at the international aviation exhibition in Dubai.

However, the advertising campaign of the new single-engine aircraft ended as quickly as it began. Initially, even the events of August 1991, were not perceived in production as related to the fate of the project. The creators were so confident in their offspring. But nevertheless, the collapse of the USSR, the cessation of funding for work, the liquidation of Minaviaprom and other events of the beginning of the 90-s did their dirty work. The development of the Su-37 strike aircraft was not only suspended, it was forgotten.

The design of the Su-37

According to its design, the Su-37 aircraft was made according to the aerodynamic "duck" scheme and had a triangular wing with a fracture along the leading edge. Close to the wing was located front horizontal tail of the machine. Selected OKB them. The dry aerodynamic layout of the new aircraft was close to that used on modern European fighters Gripen, Rafale, Eurofighter. At the same time, in the aerodynamic layout of the car, the noticeable influence of the Su-27 interceptor fighter was felt, which was reflected in the strong integration of the middle part of the aircraft fuselage with its sufficiently developed wing.

The maximum take-off weight of the vehicle was 25 000 kg, including 8 000 kg. combat load. The aircraft glider could withstand operational overloads + 9 / -3g. At subsonic speeds, the plane could maneuver during congestion to 8g. The front horizontal tail (GIP) possessed controllable surfaces that could deviate at angles from + 10 to -70 degrees. The wing of the aircraft was supplied with slats and ailerons.

Much of the design of the Su-37 strike aircraft was carried out to increase its survivability. First of all, it concerned the reduction of the tail IR signatures of the engine, as well as the partial use of stealth technology. The use of new technologies in the design of the aircraft, as well as the presence of defensive systems weaponsmade it difficult for the enemy to detect the car. To enhance the aircraft’s passive protection, the pilot’s cockpit was armored, and the vital components and structural elements of the engine, fuel system and airframe were also covered with armor. The fuel tanks of the aircraft were protected by polyurethane foam plastic, which prevented the burning and explosion of fuel in contact with projectile or debris. The total weight of passive protection elements exceeded 0,8 tons. The ability to store the Su-37 aircraft on relatively small platforms (the span of the folded wing was 8,1 m) and the use of the machine from unpaved runways could also significantly increase the survivability of the strike aircraft in combat conditions.

Systems and equipment

The plane was planned to equip with remote control. The structure of the flight-navigation complex of the aircraft was to include a new radar, which was supposed to provide the vehicle, even in the conditions of tough electronic warfare:

- ground attack and surface targets;
- tracking simultaneously 10 various targets;
- mode of flying over obstacles with transonic speed at low altitudes;
- detection, maintenance and subsequent destruction of low-flying targets in the entire range of flight speeds, as well as the destruction of stationary-hanging helicopters that are rather difficult to detect.

The optoelectronic system used on the Su-37 was to ensure the use of the machine at any time of the day or night, as well as launching missiles equipped with laser and thermal imaging guidance systems, including ATGM. A multichannel infrared system (similar to the FLIR western design) could be installed in a special hanging container and made it possible to hit targets with infrared control at a distance of 10-15 km. Equipment for infrared, TV and photo reconnaissance could also be installed in the outboard containers.

Power point

It was planned to equip the Su-37 strike aircraft with the development of the design bureau for them. Tumanskogo, possessing at sea level, in 18 500 kgf. In addition, the question of equipping a fighter-bomber with two engines was considered. The air intakes of the engines are under the influxes of the leading edge of the wing, which end at the nose of the fuselage under the pilot's cabin.

weaponry

The plane was planned to equip 18 points of the external suspension, which allowed him to carry up to 8 500 kg. combat load. According to this indicator, the Soviet aircraft surpassed the American attack aircraft A-10. This combat load and today seems to be more than impressive. In addition to the 30-mm automatic cannon, the aircraft could be equipped with a very wide range of weapons:

- Air-to-surface air defense missiles and anti-radar missiles
- SD air-to-air class of short and medium range
- ATGM to combat enemy armored vehicles
- NUR caliber 85-370 mm.
- All types of free-fall and adjustable bombs weighing up to 1 500 kg.

Flight performance of the Su-37:

Dimensions: wing span - 12,08 m. (Folded - 8,1 m), fighter length - 17,65 m., Height - 5,74 m.
Wing area - 50,0 square. m
Aircraft normal take-off weight - 18 000 kg., Maximum take-off - 25 000 kg.
Fuel stock - 8 300 l.
Engine type - 1 TRDDF, thrust - 18 500 kgf.
Maximum ground speed is 1 500 km / h, at height - 1 900 km / h
Practical range - 1 500 km. (3000 kg. Load)
Practical ceiling - 17 000 m.
Crew - 1 man.
Armament: suspension points 18, maximum combat load - 8 500 kg.

Information sources:
-http: //paralay.com/lfi_su.html
-http: //sergib.agava.ru/russia/sukhoi/su/37/su37.htm
-http: //sergib.agava.ru/russia/sukhoi/su/37/su37_1.htm
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40 comments
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  1. +5
    10 January 2013 09: 21
    Another project killed in the bud of a single-engine multifunctional machine. Now, when China appeared on the scene, it would be very useful for export ....
  2. +16
    10 January 2013 09: 28
    Excellent article!
    And a great plane! Despite the fact that it was developed more than 20 years ago, it is still quite "at the level".
    If we modernized the project taking into account the modern elemental base, avionics, avant-garde technologies, engine achievements, etc., we would get a very formidable multifunctional aircraft - more than a worthy replacement for the SU-25!
    1. 0
      22 August 2017 07: 20
      And in the lightweight version - MIG29
  3. Shum86
    -6
    10 January 2013 09: 37
    Clear car !!! in Yandex there is a Su-37 vs F-22 interesting
  4. +10
    10 January 2013 10: 03
    To be honest, I don’t think this car is a stormtrooper. Light fighter bomber - yes! BUT not a battlefield plane. Another car is interesting as a ship: Relatively small dimensions allow you to place a large air group.
    1. speedy
      +4
      11 January 2013 16: 55
      Quote: Zerstorer
      To be honest, I don’t think this car is a stormtrooper. Light fighter bomber - yes! BUT not a battlefield plane. Another car is interesting as a ship: Relatively small dimensions allow you to place a large air group.

      The idea of ​​such an aircraft was inspired by the American F-16, its versatility, the use of F-15 developments in it ... The first time I heard about this aircraft, but when the Su-27 enchantingly appeared, many spoke of the need for such a universal single-engine machine. Apparently not only talked.
  5. +10
    10 January 2013 10: 33
    Quote: Shum86
    Clear car !!! in Yandex there is a Su-37 vs F-22 interesting

    interesting, yes .......... dear and you at least know that there is another Su-37.
    simply either you cannot distinguish, for example, the Su-27 from the MiG-29 or you have not read the article, or more likely, both ...........
    1. vyatom
      0
      10 January 2013 14: 13
      Why can't the su-37 oppose the f22?
      1. +2
        10 January 2013 17: 53
        You are now talking about what Su-37, but then one comrade already mentioned .... laughing in some circumstances (for example, a conflict, or a US war with a country where Soviet MiGs are still in service), the MiG-21 can also oppose the F-22 ....
      2. 0
        10 January 2013 20: 31
        I don't know, I heard that the Su-37 Terminator crashed, I hope not. It can join the battle, but getting into close combat will already be a problem. A-50 or similar AWACS are needed at long range.
        1. 0
          17 August 2017 08: 02
          In 2003 it crashed.
      3. speedy
        +1
        11 January 2013 16: 57
        Quote: vyatom
        Why can't the su-37 oppose the f22?

        Because it simply does not exist in nature, the prototype does not count.
      4. 0
        22 August 2017 07: 20
        Maybe, but who will give it to him.
  6. NickitaDembelnulsa
    0
    10 January 2013 10: 51
    It seems to me, or Chengdu J-10, is similar to it, and very?
  7. sergeybulkin
    +1
    10 January 2013 11: 18
    Nonsense plane, crossing a ground attack aircraft and a fighter is the same as crossing a hedgehog and a snake, in such an aircraft neither one nor the other will be ideal. In addition, only one engine and attack aircraft must be armored. Otherwise, any sniper from a rifle will knock him.
    1. +2
      10 January 2013 13: 52
      We carefully read the article. 0.8 tons of "passive protection" is armor. In modern conditions, as in World War II, the best defense against air defense is maneuver and tactics, armor is only for the most valuable - the pilot, well, and individual units.
      One engine is a tribute to the economy. In modern combat, the losses will be colossal, the main thing is to save the life of the pilot and not go bankrupt.
    2. Beltar
      -1
      10 January 2013 21: 20
      I would not say there were quite a few fairly simple machines, like the Jaguar, that had good survivability on the battlefield.
  8. nnkfrschk
    0
    10 January 2013 12: 04
    A beautiful plane, Russia needs a replacement for a long time with good, but already a little outdated "rooks"!
  9. +2
    10 January 2013 12: 34
    An interesting machine, and given the low mileage, there are a lot of prospects now: from the deck of an aircraft carrier to the taiga and mountains, where there are problems with platforms
  10. +6
    10 January 2013 13: 05
    I don’t know how long a plane with one engine will live.?
    1. +2
      10 January 2013 13: 13
      This is A-10 warthog, Strong destruction of the tail of A-10A as a result of non-contact detonation of the warhead of the Igla-1 MANPADS missile. The plane was repaired [11]. Gulf War, 1991.
      1. +6
        10 January 2013 13: 47
        A-10 "Thunderbolt" is an attack aircraft. The prototype given in the article still looks more like a fighter-bomber. I don't think they would have been replaced by the SU-25. "Rook" is armored, has good maneuverability at low speeds, it was originally sharpened as an attack aircraft. The given SU-37 is not armored, and its aerodynamic design is preferable for gaining air superiority, and not for attack aircraft.
        In general, a light single-engine multipurpose fighter of our army would be very useful. It should not be too expensive, but because it can be built a lot.
        The problems with modern combat aircraft, in my opinion, are that they are too expensive. The loss of even one aircraft, some SU-35, is already perceived very painfully. But in battles, dozens of cars can be destroyed. And if there are only a few dozen of them in service? In the best case, there will be a hundred or two. And this situation is not only ours, even among the Americans. Because it's expensive.
        Therefore, a massive machine is needed, not expensive, but capable of performing combat missions. Let her not have all the bells and whistles that they plan to put on the same T-50, but there will be many cars, ideally, a thousand and a half or two.
        1. +1
          10 January 2013 13: 56
          Quote: tungus
          In general, a light single-engine multipurpose fighter of our army would be very useful. It should not be too expensive, but because it can be built a lot.

          Why, if these functions are performed by the MiG-29.
          Quote: tungus
          At best, a few hundred.

          And there will be pilots? And how much is training now?
          In general, this Su-37 aircraft was mainly supposed to replace the MiG-23,27.
          Keeping a variety of types of aircraft is bad for the budget of any country.
          1. +7
            10 January 2013 14: 35
            MIG-29 is a rather expensive aircraft. Yes, and they do not produce it already, well, except for the ship version. I'm talking about the mass machine. Not expensive, technological, albeit without the bells and whistles of the "stealth" type, but capable of performing combat missions. And with one engine, the plane will be cheaper.
            Look, before the 2020, they plan to adopt all types of 600 machines, this along with the modernized ones. Total 600! To the whole country!
            And now let's see what these 600 units can do in conflict with a more or less developed adversary and not a banana republic.
            How many planes did NATO use against Libya? But there they didn’t even resist. And against Iraq, where there was already some resistance? Hundreds!
            We have a big country. There is a Far East with China and Japan. There is a south, with Afghanistan, and other comrades. There is a West, with NATO. Therefore, 600 aircraft will need to be divided into three directions. 200 for each. (I still have not remembered about the north). And there will be no reserve. And what will 200 planes be able to do against China? Yes, even against Japan? Or rely only on nuclear weapons? So China also has it.
            Well, or take Turkey. Tomorrow, she wants the Caucasus to take control with the Crimea, and why? What will we answer?
            In my opinion, the air forces of the country should be able to adequately respond to all possible challenges, like the entire army as a whole. Otherwise, it is not an army but a profanation. And the pilots must be prepared. And the equipment must be purchased. Not enough money? That's why I say that we need not an expensive, but a mass plane.
            1. 0
              10 January 2013 14: 59
              Quote: tungus
              MIG-29 is a rather expensive aircraft. Yes, and they do not produce it already, well, except for the ship version. I'm talking about the mass machine. Not expensive, technological, albeit without the bells and whistles of the "stealth" type, but capable of performing combat missions. And with one engine, the plane will be cheaper.

              But probably cheaper than the Su-35.
              Quote: tungus
              Look, before the 2020, they plan to adopt all types of 600 machines, this along with the modernized ones. Total 600! To the whole country!

              The spirit of the times, now everyone is striving for contactless wars, it is better to spend money on pilots and precision tactical missiles.
              Quote: tungus
              And what can 200 aircraft against China? Yes, even against Japan? Or rely only on nuclear weapons? So China also has it.

              It relies not only on nuclear weapons but also on the GRU; China is also made up of "scraps".
              Quote: tungus
              Well, or take Turkey. Tomorrow, she wants the Caucasus to take control with the Crimea, and why? What will we answer?

              Turkey and its problems are higher than the roof.

              Quote: tungus
              In my opinion, the air forces of the country should be able to adequately respond to all possible challenges, like the entire army as a whole. Otherwise, it is not an army but a profanation. And the pilots must be prepared. And the equipment must be purchased. Not enough money? That's why I say that we need not an expensive, but a mass plane.

              Remember the USSR before the collapse, how much military equipment was produced, at least for the main tanks T-64, T-72, T-80.
              No external enemies can be sought, it is enough to drive people into poverty.
              1. +1
                10 January 2013 16: 35
                Contactless wars can only be waged with those who are weaker by orders of magnitude. With banana republics. In all other cases, no drones will help, and contact will be in full. How do you imagine a contactless war against opponents that has at least some sort of air defense and at least a few dozen fourth-generation aircraft? Yes, even the third. Even if you are stronger, all the same, losses in aviation will be significant, and without a ground operation you won’t achieve victory. So the tales are all about contactless wars.
                1. 0
                  10 January 2013 16: 51
                  Quote: tungus
                  some sort of air defense and at least a few dozen fourth-generation aircraft? Yes, even the third. Even if you are stronger, all the same, losses in aviation will be significant, and without a ground operation you won’t achieve victory. So the tales are all about contactless wars.

                  For such purposes, and create a UAV, for the destruction of missile defense systems, air defense. Pity people.
                  Take Libya, by what methods the air defense system was destroyed. Yes, and the principles of war are changing, they will be fought in hard-to-reach areas and in cities, by special forces. Wars in the "clean" field are over.
                  1. Beltar
                    0
                    10 January 2013 21: 26
                    No, for air defense just normal heavy aircraft with anti-radar missiles. And unguided bombs, because the electronic warfare will be such that remote-controlled aircraft will not even take off, and for attacks on coordinates there are missiles like Iskander and Vyakha Kh-55.
            2. 0
              10 January 2013 20: 35
              You mean, like the MIG-21 "Flying Kalashnikov"?
            3. Beltar
              0
              10 January 2013 21: 31
              From a purely air attack is more useful than an air defense system.
              Many or few 600 cars, but we will not pull more. We rely on the mass of air defense systems and the ability to increase the grouping on the theater of operations. Any individual Air Force, Germany there, or Turkey will not be difficult for us to flatten.
        2. Beltar
          +1
          10 January 2013 21: 22
          In a similar class was the MiG-27.
          Mass can be pulled out by MiG-35 level machines.
  11. avt
    +1
    10 January 2013 15: 48
    I think so, they were working on a version of a cheap airplane, a kind of reincarnation of the MIG-21, but it didn’t grow together, I don’t know for good or bad. Here, the flyers should be asked, yes, to calculate the money well, whether it will be cheap in operation, taking into account the quantity and whether there will be a loss in quality. Maybe less is better? What do you think?
    1. Beltar
      +2
      10 January 2013 21: 27
      By weight, it is at least 2 times heavier than the MiG-21 and heavier than the MiG-29. This is far from a cheap toy.
  12. mamba
    +2
    10 January 2013 16: 26
    And the Su-39, which was the further development of the Su-25, is an alternative to this Su-37 after the closure of the project?
  13. asf32wesdg
    0
    10 January 2013 18: 36
    It just can't be !!! The FSB has created this http://sho.rtlink.de/FS62Am database about any resident of Russia, Ukraine and other CIS countries. Really was really scared
    there are a lot of interesting things about me (addresses, phone numbers, even my photos of a different nature) - I wonder where they dug up this. In general, there are good sides - this
    Information can be deleted from the site.
    I advise you to hurry, you never know how to fumble there ...
  14. Uncle Serozha
    +1
    10 January 2013 21: 51
    It reminds me a bit of the Mikoyan product 4.12 (aka LMFI), which ours did not produce, but gave the Chinese its cheapened reincarnation. The Chinese comrades furiously use it under the name J-10.
    Light fighters and attack aircraft for internal needs were considered unnecessary. As an export product, they could well be in demand, but in the absence of a mass domestic market, they will not be cheap. Especially considering the "sawn" component (where without it?). smile
  15. tolan777
    0
    11 January 2013 12: 59
    I hope that the production of this aircraft will begin - how much can I upgrade the Su-25?
  16. 0
    11 January 2013 18: 51
    Decent aircraft. TTX is impressive ... And for all this splendor, skillful hands and competent use are needed.
  17. Hedgehog
    0
    11 January 2013 19: 01
    Very tasty plane. Now I would with modern electronics and in parts.
  18. bremest
    +1
    11 January 2013 20: 14
    Great plane. If you look closely at the lines of the fuselage, you will see that it was from this machine that European designers "licked" me and Rafali and Eurofighter Typhoon appeared ...
  19. Windbreak
    +2
    12 January 2013 00: 30
    Quote: bremest
    what exactly from this car the European designers "licked" me and Rafali and Eurofighter Typhoon appeared ...
    Rafal made its first flight in 1986, 3 years before the start of the development process of the preliminary design of the Su-37
  20. 0
    11 August 2017 11: 05
    An interesting project was. Prior to that, I did not even know about the existence of another device under the Su-37 index. If I hadn’t called the Great Power it could very well be that this replacement to the famous Truch would already be in the series.
    An interesting and necessary car.
  21. 0
    14 August 2017 14: 07
    I first learned about it from the action movie of the Fighters Torn sky in the early 90s ... there is a story about the war in Yugoslavia and our pilots mercenaries just on these su-37x ... later I tried to find info on the network about these aircraft but .. .
  22. 0
    17 August 2017 19: 02
    Rafal is already there.
  23. 0
    9 March 2023 09: 08
    This is not Rafal and not Typhoon in fact. This is what it looks like, even if the Dragon is without PGO

    https://topwar.ru/157175-shvedskij-drakon-saab-35-draken.html?ysclid=lf0pi07ovp902230466
  24. 0
    22 November 2023 17: 04
    1. The car was created precisely as a replacement for the Su-25. Supersonic was not initially planned - only transonic, but when a suitable engine was found, “supersonic” happened by itself...
    2. Initially, the car was offered to the Warsaw Pact countries. A consortium had already been formed, which assumed that all customers would chip in to finance the R&D phase (the scheme of this consortium was later adopted by the Americans for their F-35). However, VD ordered to live long...
    3. Then many others looked at this project, but after that they all fell apart. It was such a time...
    4. The Soviet Union decided to build this machine in 1991. The meeting of the Council of Ministers, at which an official decision on full-scale financing was to be made, was scheduled for... August 20, 1991. Another bummer. The project finally died around 1993.
    5. As we see, the Soviet military did not object to one engine at that time.
    6. Nobody “killed” the project (at least it didn’t come to that): it just appeared at the wrong time.
    7. Today we see the Su-75, which in terms of dimensions, tasks, and main characteristics repeats the S-37 from the late 1980s... Only the aerodynamic design has changed: now the V-shaped tail is in fashion, but then it was "duck".

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