10 Russia's largest projects in 2012: samples for industrialization, but not herself
The outgoing year 2012 was remembered by a number of large-scale projects that were successfully implemented or which were launched. Recall the most important of them.
1. South Stream
In early December, the construction of the South Stream gas pipeline was launched. The significance of this event will be fully appreciated by those who have followed the multi-year coordination of the gas pipeline route with European countries. We also remember the massive attack of the project in the Western media (and, indeed, to conceal, in many domestic ones as well), we remember feverish attempts to prevent the construction of the South Stream through the implementation of the competing Nabucco project.
This year was a breakthrough for the project. Bulgaria signed a protocol on the final investment decision on the construction of the South Stream gas pipeline on its territory. Already in June, 2013, the construction of the European land will be here.
All necessary agreements have been reached with Serbia, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia and Turkey. In 2015, the first line of the pipeline will be put into operation, and all 4 will be put into operation in 2019.
Well, Nabucco remained a project on paper ...
2. Nord Stream
In many ways, the implementation of South Stream was made possible thanks to the successful implementation of Nord Stream, another gas artery from Russia to Europe. The project was implemented in record time and impressed our European colleagues. This year, the second branch of the pipeline was introduced ahead of time and commercial supplies of fuel began. The next two more.
The fierce opposition from our Polish, Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian colleagues continues unabated. That in itself proves the high significance of the “Northern project” for our country. By the way, the United Kingdom this year decided to join the project and asked to build an additional branch to its Norfolk.
3. ESPO-2
The Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean pipeline is capable of changing the economic and political landscape of the modern world. With its help, Russia enters the promising and rapidly growing market of the APR. This year was very productive for the project.
Now, when you read these lines, oil is rapidly filling the ESPO-2 pipeline. Already December 25 it will be fully launched. At a recent press conference, V.Putin assessed the project this way:
“This job is complete. “I want to congratulate the builders, engineers, all those who were involved in this huge construction site,” the president said. - Just think: this is a huge construction site. We somehow, by the way, skip it all: this is comparable to the construction of BAM at one time, you understand? You know, the construction took place under the conditions of an absolutely unfinished infrastructure, there is nothing there: neither roads, nor power supply. And all this is done.
In addition, as you remember, in the first part of the work we even made a decision based on environmental considerations: this system was removed from the shore of Lake Baikal for 400 kilometers. All this is justified, all this gives us the opportunity to work more effectively on the fastest growing world market - on the APR market. ”
As you already guessed, our European partners are far from enthusiastic about this project too. European Commission member Karel de Gucht stated: “Russia must change unacceptable behavior. If they do not take action on violations committed in recent months, we will be forced to take action. ” Well, they do not like that Russia opens up new markets for its resources. After all, diversification leads to an inevitable reduction in supply volumes and higher prices. If this is not a competition, then what? Has it ceased to be the sacred cow of European marketers?
4. Bovanenkovo
The launch by Gazprom of the Bovanenkovskoye field was without exaggeration a grand event. There have been no precedents for such a large-scale fishing in the harsh climatic conditions of the Arctic. And we did and proved that nobody is better than us in the Arctic.
The importance of the event is due not only to the huge reserves of the field, but also to the fact that the project is able to transform the entire northern region and create a powerful industrial-economic cluster in it. To transport Yamal gas to the Unified Gas Supply System, Gazprom is building the Bovanenkovo-Ukhta gas trunkline system. Now the first line with a length of more than 1240 km has been built, and the construction will be fully completed in 2016 year.
5. Northern Sea Route
This year, the topic of the development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) began to receive real content. First, the NOVATEK company, with the help of Rosatom, carried out the first tankers with liquefied natural gas via the NSR. Secondly, the path itself received the status of a national transport highway. Thirdly, the active revival of the atomic icebreaker began fleet. So the Baltic Shipyard this year began to build a new type of nuclear icebreaker. The general director of the plant A. Voznesensky explained:
“We are busy with work before 2020, we are fulfilling the order of Atomflot. Now we are building an atomic icebreaker with a capacity of 60 megawatts. It will be the largest nuclear-powered icebreaker in the world. There are orders for two more powerful vessels. The total value of all three contracts is about 3 billion euros. These icebreakers will replace existing icebreakers. ”
At the same time, work is underway to create an atomic icebreaker with a new generation of 100 megawatts.
Recall that the Northern Sea Route is the main shipping artery of the Arctic, passing along the northern coast of the Russian Federation, connecting European and Far Eastern ports. The potential cargo traffic of the Northern Sea Route is estimated at 50 million tons per year.
Is it worth adding that the SMP, like Bovanenkovskoye, will give a powerful impetus to the development of the northern region. By the way, the path is connected with another project - the Northern Latitudinal Passage. This is a railway line that will connect the cities and districts of Yamal with each other, with the subsequent access to the all-Russian railway network. Here is what the governor of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug D. Kobylkin says about this:
“This project is important for the whole of Russia. If we build this road and bring it to the sea port of Sabetta, then it will turn from a monoport into a multifunctional hub of the Northern Sea Route. In this corridor, we will be able to use the daily passage to export gas from Yamal, grain from Siberia, metal from the Urals, coal from Kuzbass, oil products from Tatarstan and Bashkortostan. ”
Well, and someone all the time laments the fact that in Russia there are no projects comparable in scale to creative projects in the USSR.
6. Rosatom Projects
Those who read up to this point, certainly depressed from the abundance of resource projects. Someone is even ready to write a comment: “Again, we are not building anything except pipes!”. I hasten to reward the patient, then we will not say a word about gas and oil.
Rosatom State Corporation has worked well for a year. The volume of contracts for the year grew by almost a third - up to 70 billion dollars. The Russian atom remains in demand and respected throughout the world. This year, we managed to agree with China on all issues related to the construction of the second stage of the Tianwan NPP. By 2018, all units will be commissioned. Earlier, Rosatom resolved similar issues regarding the construction of the Akkuyu NPP in Turkey. The work on the first unit of the Indian Kudankulam NPP is being completed. The second unit should be launched next year.
In Russia, the year passed in strict accordance with the plans. They did not expect anything else from Rosatom. In September, the 4 unit of Kalinin NPP was put into commercial operation, and the construction of 9 units continues. Already operating Russian NPPs in 2012 will give 177,3 billion billion kilowatt-hours of energy - more than last year, and about 16% of the country's total energy.
And for a snack patient - just became aware that at a meeting of the Security Council on nuclear deterrence under the chairmanship of Russian President Vladimir Putin, it was decided that enterprises of the nuclear weapons complex would not participate in privatization.
7. Boguchanskaya HPP
In October, the first units of the largest hydropower facility in the country, the Boguchanskaya HPP, were commissioned. She also bears the deserved title of the most complex hydropower long-term construction. The object, laid down in 1974, woke up from perestroika hibernation only in 2006.
15 of October of this year was the launch of the first two hydraulic units, in November - the third. By the end of the year it is planned to launch the fourth, fifth and sixth hydraulic units. A fully working station can be called at the end of 2014, when the reservoir is filled, the so-called New Siberian Sea. Through 40 years after construction began.
Like most of the above projects, the Boguchanskaya HPP will become the pivot around which the whole system of projects important for the region and the country will be formed. The lion's share of hydroelectric power will go to supply the Boguchansky and Taishet aluminum plants that are under construction.
8. Klimovskie engines
Legendary engine-building plant them. Klimova moves to a new production complex, equipped with modern equipment. The total amount of investments in the project of reconstruction and technical re-equipment of the KPK OJSC KPK amounted to 6,5 billion rubles.
Why such a waste? The fact is that this is, in fact, the beginning of the creation of a world-class center for the production of gas turbine engines. So the factory is already undergoing tests of the new helicopter engine VK-2500. They are equipped with Ka-52 "Alligator" helicopters and Mi-28 "Night Hunter". It is important that the engines are 100% of domestic components, and this will completely get away from dependence on foreign suppliers. From the 2015, the plant will produce at least 400 of such engines per year.
In addition, the Klimov turbojet engine RD-33MK passed state tests. Vice Prime Minister D.Rogozin commented on this event:
“In fact, we went to create an engine that will allow us to return to the deck aviation. Firstly, we are honoring our obligations to our Indian partner for the Gorshkov aircraft carrier, which will be using our deck-mounted Mig-29 fighters, and for us, the conditions for the construction of new aircraft carrier connections for the first time have been created. ”
9. Metallurgy
Loud event of the year - the opening of the second stage of the mill-2000 at the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine. This is a giant complex with a capacity of 2 million tons per year. Its need, in turn, is due to the dynamic growth of the Russian auto industry this year. Reconstruction of the hot rolling mill 2500 worth 1 billion.
The construction of a rail and structural mill costing more than 40 billion rubles was launched at the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant. This product is not produced in Russia, so the company will have a guaranteed load.
Uralmashzavod is creating a new metallurgical production. Its launch will make it possible to increase the production capacity of forging and casting billets to 150 thousand tons, which is twice as much as the enterprise’s current capabilities.
In general, it should be noted that the world metallurgy experienced a very difficult year due to falling commodity prices and reduced demand. And the Russian, in time reoriented to the domestic market, was generally in an advantageous position. Can not be said about foreign companies that have been pushed out of him.
10. Mining industry
Among the memorable events is the beginning of the construction of the Mikheevsky mining and processing plant in the Chelyabinsk region. Since Soviet times, this is the first such large-scale project in the industry. The total investment is 24 billion rubles, half of which have already been used. Even without reaching its design capacity, the mine provided jobs to almost 1000 people. The factory will process more than 18 million tons of ore from the existing quarry.
In the same year, the Oleniy Ruchey mine began operating in the Murmansk region and has already managed to release the first batch of apatite concentrate. Investments only in the first place of the project amount to more than 10 billion rubles (second stage - 15 billion rubles), therefore with the final commissioning of the object into operation, the regional budget will be replenished with hundreds of millions of rubles only from property tax. When the enterprise reaches its design capacity, more than 1300 new jobs will be created.
Total
We, however, are far from enthusiastic. With all the above positive - in the country here and there, and reverse trends. And if we take into account the stagnation of domestic production recorded in recent months and the bleak picture of our main external partners, then we can briefly say that what is there is definitely not enough.
Because in the case of a very likely “fall” of the energy situation next year, the above listed and hundreds of projects not listed below will not be an alternative to the lost “oil and gas” jobs. Just by volume.
Consequently, we can sum up the following: before us are samples for industrialization. But this is not her.
1. South Stream
In early December, the construction of the South Stream gas pipeline was launched. The significance of this event will be fully appreciated by those who have followed the multi-year coordination of the gas pipeline route with European countries. We also remember the massive attack of the project in the Western media (and, indeed, to conceal, in many domestic ones as well), we remember feverish attempts to prevent the construction of the South Stream through the implementation of the competing Nabucco project.
This year was a breakthrough for the project. Bulgaria signed a protocol on the final investment decision on the construction of the South Stream gas pipeline on its territory. Already in June, 2013, the construction of the European land will be here.
All necessary agreements have been reached with Serbia, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia and Turkey. In 2015, the first line of the pipeline will be put into operation, and all 4 will be put into operation in 2019.
Well, Nabucco remained a project on paper ...
2. Nord Stream
In many ways, the implementation of South Stream was made possible thanks to the successful implementation of Nord Stream, another gas artery from Russia to Europe. The project was implemented in record time and impressed our European colleagues. This year, the second branch of the pipeline was introduced ahead of time and commercial supplies of fuel began. The next two more.
The fierce opposition from our Polish, Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian colleagues continues unabated. That in itself proves the high significance of the “Northern project” for our country. By the way, the United Kingdom this year decided to join the project and asked to build an additional branch to its Norfolk.
3. ESPO-2
The Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean pipeline is capable of changing the economic and political landscape of the modern world. With its help, Russia enters the promising and rapidly growing market of the APR. This year was very productive for the project.
Now, when you read these lines, oil is rapidly filling the ESPO-2 pipeline. Already December 25 it will be fully launched. At a recent press conference, V.Putin assessed the project this way:
“This job is complete. “I want to congratulate the builders, engineers, all those who were involved in this huge construction site,” the president said. - Just think: this is a huge construction site. We somehow, by the way, skip it all: this is comparable to the construction of BAM at one time, you understand? You know, the construction took place under the conditions of an absolutely unfinished infrastructure, there is nothing there: neither roads, nor power supply. And all this is done.
In addition, as you remember, in the first part of the work we even made a decision based on environmental considerations: this system was removed from the shore of Lake Baikal for 400 kilometers. All this is justified, all this gives us the opportunity to work more effectively on the fastest growing world market - on the APR market. ”
As you already guessed, our European partners are far from enthusiastic about this project too. European Commission member Karel de Gucht stated: “Russia must change unacceptable behavior. If they do not take action on violations committed in recent months, we will be forced to take action. ” Well, they do not like that Russia opens up new markets for its resources. After all, diversification leads to an inevitable reduction in supply volumes and higher prices. If this is not a competition, then what? Has it ceased to be the sacred cow of European marketers?
4. Bovanenkovo
The launch by Gazprom of the Bovanenkovskoye field was without exaggeration a grand event. There have been no precedents for such a large-scale fishing in the harsh climatic conditions of the Arctic. And we did and proved that nobody is better than us in the Arctic.
The importance of the event is due not only to the huge reserves of the field, but also to the fact that the project is able to transform the entire northern region and create a powerful industrial-economic cluster in it. To transport Yamal gas to the Unified Gas Supply System, Gazprom is building the Bovanenkovo-Ukhta gas trunkline system. Now the first line with a length of more than 1240 km has been built, and the construction will be fully completed in 2016 year.
5. Northern Sea Route
This year, the topic of the development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) began to receive real content. First, the NOVATEK company, with the help of Rosatom, carried out the first tankers with liquefied natural gas via the NSR. Secondly, the path itself received the status of a national transport highway. Thirdly, the active revival of the atomic icebreaker began fleet. So the Baltic Shipyard this year began to build a new type of nuclear icebreaker. The general director of the plant A. Voznesensky explained:
“We are busy with work before 2020, we are fulfilling the order of Atomflot. Now we are building an atomic icebreaker with a capacity of 60 megawatts. It will be the largest nuclear-powered icebreaker in the world. There are orders for two more powerful vessels. The total value of all three contracts is about 3 billion euros. These icebreakers will replace existing icebreakers. ”
At the same time, work is underway to create an atomic icebreaker with a new generation of 100 megawatts.
Recall that the Northern Sea Route is the main shipping artery of the Arctic, passing along the northern coast of the Russian Federation, connecting European and Far Eastern ports. The potential cargo traffic of the Northern Sea Route is estimated at 50 million tons per year.
Is it worth adding that the SMP, like Bovanenkovskoye, will give a powerful impetus to the development of the northern region. By the way, the path is connected with another project - the Northern Latitudinal Passage. This is a railway line that will connect the cities and districts of Yamal with each other, with the subsequent access to the all-Russian railway network. Here is what the governor of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug D. Kobylkin says about this:
“This project is important for the whole of Russia. If we build this road and bring it to the sea port of Sabetta, then it will turn from a monoport into a multifunctional hub of the Northern Sea Route. In this corridor, we will be able to use the daily passage to export gas from Yamal, grain from Siberia, metal from the Urals, coal from Kuzbass, oil products from Tatarstan and Bashkortostan. ”
Well, and someone all the time laments the fact that in Russia there are no projects comparable in scale to creative projects in the USSR.
6. Rosatom Projects
Those who read up to this point, certainly depressed from the abundance of resource projects. Someone is even ready to write a comment: “Again, we are not building anything except pipes!”. I hasten to reward the patient, then we will not say a word about gas and oil.
Rosatom State Corporation has worked well for a year. The volume of contracts for the year grew by almost a third - up to 70 billion dollars. The Russian atom remains in demand and respected throughout the world. This year, we managed to agree with China on all issues related to the construction of the second stage of the Tianwan NPP. By 2018, all units will be commissioned. Earlier, Rosatom resolved similar issues regarding the construction of the Akkuyu NPP in Turkey. The work on the first unit of the Indian Kudankulam NPP is being completed. The second unit should be launched next year.
In Russia, the year passed in strict accordance with the plans. They did not expect anything else from Rosatom. In September, the 4 unit of Kalinin NPP was put into commercial operation, and the construction of 9 units continues. Already operating Russian NPPs in 2012 will give 177,3 billion billion kilowatt-hours of energy - more than last year, and about 16% of the country's total energy.
And for a snack patient - just became aware that at a meeting of the Security Council on nuclear deterrence under the chairmanship of Russian President Vladimir Putin, it was decided that enterprises of the nuclear weapons complex would not participate in privatization.
7. Boguchanskaya HPP
In October, the first units of the largest hydropower facility in the country, the Boguchanskaya HPP, were commissioned. She also bears the deserved title of the most complex hydropower long-term construction. The object, laid down in 1974, woke up from perestroika hibernation only in 2006.
15 of October of this year was the launch of the first two hydraulic units, in November - the third. By the end of the year it is planned to launch the fourth, fifth and sixth hydraulic units. A fully working station can be called at the end of 2014, when the reservoir is filled, the so-called New Siberian Sea. Through 40 years after construction began.
Like most of the above projects, the Boguchanskaya HPP will become the pivot around which the whole system of projects important for the region and the country will be formed. The lion's share of hydroelectric power will go to supply the Boguchansky and Taishet aluminum plants that are under construction.
8. Klimovskie engines
Legendary engine-building plant them. Klimova moves to a new production complex, equipped with modern equipment. The total amount of investments in the project of reconstruction and technical re-equipment of the KPK OJSC KPK amounted to 6,5 billion rubles.
Why such a waste? The fact is that this is, in fact, the beginning of the creation of a world-class center for the production of gas turbine engines. So the factory is already undergoing tests of the new helicopter engine VK-2500. They are equipped with Ka-52 "Alligator" helicopters and Mi-28 "Night Hunter". It is important that the engines are 100% of domestic components, and this will completely get away from dependence on foreign suppliers. From the 2015, the plant will produce at least 400 of such engines per year.
In addition, the Klimov turbojet engine RD-33MK passed state tests. Vice Prime Minister D.Rogozin commented on this event:
“In fact, we went to create an engine that will allow us to return to the deck aviation. Firstly, we are honoring our obligations to our Indian partner for the Gorshkov aircraft carrier, which will be using our deck-mounted Mig-29 fighters, and for us, the conditions for the construction of new aircraft carrier connections for the first time have been created. ”
9. Metallurgy
Loud event of the year - the opening of the second stage of the mill-2000 at the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine. This is a giant complex with a capacity of 2 million tons per year. Its need, in turn, is due to the dynamic growth of the Russian auto industry this year. Reconstruction of the hot rolling mill 2500 worth 1 billion.
The construction of a rail and structural mill costing more than 40 billion rubles was launched at the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant. This product is not produced in Russia, so the company will have a guaranteed load.
Uralmashzavod is creating a new metallurgical production. Its launch will make it possible to increase the production capacity of forging and casting billets to 150 thousand tons, which is twice as much as the enterprise’s current capabilities.
In general, it should be noted that the world metallurgy experienced a very difficult year due to falling commodity prices and reduced demand. And the Russian, in time reoriented to the domestic market, was generally in an advantageous position. Can not be said about foreign companies that have been pushed out of him.
10. Mining industry
Among the memorable events is the beginning of the construction of the Mikheevsky mining and processing plant in the Chelyabinsk region. Since Soviet times, this is the first such large-scale project in the industry. The total investment is 24 billion rubles, half of which have already been used. Even without reaching its design capacity, the mine provided jobs to almost 1000 people. The factory will process more than 18 million tons of ore from the existing quarry.
In the same year, the Oleniy Ruchey mine began operating in the Murmansk region and has already managed to release the first batch of apatite concentrate. Investments only in the first place of the project amount to more than 10 billion rubles (second stage - 15 billion rubles), therefore with the final commissioning of the object into operation, the regional budget will be replenished with hundreds of millions of rubles only from property tax. When the enterprise reaches its design capacity, more than 1300 new jobs will be created.
Total
We, however, are far from enthusiastic. With all the above positive - in the country here and there, and reverse trends. And if we take into account the stagnation of domestic production recorded in recent months and the bleak picture of our main external partners, then we can briefly say that what is there is definitely not enough.
Because in the case of a very likely “fall” of the energy situation next year, the above listed and hundreds of projects not listed below will not be an alternative to the lost “oil and gas” jobs. Just by volume.
Consequently, we can sum up the following: before us are samples for industrialization. But this is not her.
Information