Where do American Rambo come from: the most prestigious US special forces training courses
The US military is not only famous for creating super-high-precision weapons. They also pay great attention to the training of soldiers, because they are confident that, in spite of all the progressive military equipment, manpower on the battlefield cannot be dispensed with. Among the most advanced schools and special training courses are the following: ranger school, basic naval intelligence courses, special forces qualification courses, underwater saboteurs courses, and special forces courses of the Delta unit.
If we talk about the rangers' school, then historically they appeared on American territory back in 1756 year. Its founder was Major Rogers from Britain. The main task of the rangers unit was to fight against the Indians, because the regular troops were not able to cope with them. Modern same story The rangers began during the Second World War, when the 5 battalion was formed.
To date, all rangers are consolidated into one 75 regiment of the armed forces of the United States of America, which has a number of 1830 people and consists of 3 battalions. In each battalion there are three combat and one staff company. The main task of the “black berets” is to carry out sabotage and assault activities in the enemy’s rear, therefore, they must be trained accordingly.
In order to become a ranger, you must complete special courses that last the day 72. The main objective of these courses is to prepare the commander of the assault team, who will be able to act decisively even in extremely difficult combat conditions. The whole program is to test the strength, endurance and courage of the candidates. It contains elements such as push-ups, sliding along a rope for a set distance, performing more than 35 gymnastic speed exercises, descending a rope from a platform and then falling into water from seven meters in height, swimming in equipment and uniform, overcoming a beam located on height 20 meters, descending a rope from a cliff. In addition, cadets must cover the 3,2 kilometer distance in less than 12 minutes; over the course of four days, make the same number of 10 kilometer marches across rough terrain with 18 kilogram and 20 kilograms (two throws). In this case, the standard for each march is only 1,5 hours.
The course is divided into several stages. The first stage has a duration of 338 hours. At the initial stage, candidates undergo initial training in orienteering, physical training, working with a radio station, and adjusting fire aviation and artillery, subversion, first aid.
The stage of mountain training lasts 309 hours. The focus of this period is on mastering the technique of climbing and long transitions in mountainous terrain.
The third stage lasts 376 hours. At this time, cadets learn the conduct of hostilities, the detection of locations of enemy groups, reserves, nuclear missiles. For the entire course of the course, servicemen are divided into pairs. According to experts, this should contribute to the successful overcoming of obstacles and create a spirit of mutual assistance.
Ends course delivery tests. Those who have successfully passed all the tests (and, as a rule, about half of all candidates) receive a ranger certificate and a golden-yellow-black patch with the inscription “Ranger”, as well as a black beret.
American marines appeared in the period of the struggle for independence. It currently numbers 226 thousands of people. It has three operational and one reserve division. Each of the three divisions has its own sabotage and reconnaissance group of combat swimmers, whose mission is to conduct a hidden study of the terrain before the start of the operation. Scout training is the longest and most intense. Any marine who has been in the rank of corporal, who has served in the marines for at least 3-5 years and has good characteristics can be a candidate.
At the first stage of selection, candidates pass a physical test, within which a three-mile cross, pulling, squatting, and overcoming an obstacle course for a time are conducted. In addition, you need to go swimming test - in shoes and clothes for 17 minutes to overcome 450 meters, then a minute to go on the water with M-16 in hand. Then, after a short break, candidates must make an 2,5 hour march with a backpack weighing 22,5 a kilogram. After that, the cadets must pass a written examination of fitness and interview with veterans of the naval intelligence service, who will determine who is eligible for service. The qualifying exam is held once a month. As a rule, it is held by the entire 3-4 person from 20 willing.
Those who managed to pass the selection, waiting for several stages of combat training, which lasts two years. The structure of this training includes individual training, training in the training unit, training in the expeditionary unit, as well as training in the deployment of the combat unit and training in the unit after the deployment.
Individual preparation of candidates lasts six months. During this period, cadets are trained in tactics and patrol techniques, infantry tactical techniques, and they also undergo a full course of airborne training. In addition, candidates study closed-loop and open-cycle breathing apparatus, take courses in captivity and survival, acquire the skills of proper behavior during interrogations, organize the behavior of other prisoners in order to counter the enemy, and also learn how to escape and survive in the wild . Also for two months, training courses for rangers, trackers, mountain guides, in which students acquire the skills of climbing and survival in mountainous areas in the winter, are held. In parallel with this, candidates also make parachute jumps, undergo medical training, and study shooting.
After this, the second stage begins, which also lasts six months. During this period, cadets master long-distance radio communications, in particular, learn Morse code, satellite communications. Then comes the period of amphibious training, which includes training in the conduct of hydrographic surveys, the development of underwater submarine landing, and landing. In addition, training in light diving training, aviation guidance, the study of foreign weapons and the firing of them, parachute training at altitude with planning is conducted.
This stage ends with several exercises, during which cadets demonstrate acquired knowledge. After that, they are distributed by expeditionary units. And again, over the course of six months they are learning how to accomplish the tasks of direct impact. They are completing training programs for courses in the subversive case, to work out the interaction with the air force, actions in the conditions of the city. Those units that are engaged in anti-terrorism activities, additionally undergo training on the release of hostages, landing on ships from helicopters.
The next stage - the deployment of a combat unit - also lasts six months. Teams are sent to an internship in the zone of the western Pacific Ocean or in the Persian Gulf, depending on the subsequent direction. Exercises are conducted in accordance with the plans of combat training of this unit.
The intensity of training is different and special forces of the United States Armed Forces of America, known in the world as "green berets". These are elite units whose history began in the 1952 year and which are intended for the organization and conduct of sabotage, guerrilla and terrorist operations. Among the main tasks that these units perform are special intelligence, the organization of the fight against terrorism, the conduct of search and rescue operations, participation in humanitarian and peacekeeping operations, the fight against drug trafficking, demining, and the direct conduct of hostilities.
All military personnel who want to get into the unit must undergo qualification courses of special forces forces, which are held at the John F. Kennedy school of special methods of warfare. This course has remained unchanged for the past ten years. Preparation of future "green berets" consists of three stages. At the first stage, the evaluation and selection of candidates is carried out. Opportunity to enter the unit have only those soldiers who served or serve, and completed the course of a young fighter. At the same time, it is necessary to be prepared for the fact that at any stage each of the candidates can be expelled and sent to their previous duty station. Candidates are selected through physical and psychological testing, so the cadet’s health must be perfect. As part of physical testing, marches are conducted for endurance and speed, in full display and athletic form, pull-ups, swimming, squats, push-ups, overcoming an obstacle course, and squatting. Psychological testing includes tests to determine the nature of the character, the speed of assessment of the situation and adaptation to it, on mental development, literacy.
In addition, at this stage, cadets also receive basic knowledge of topography, tactics, and development of command skills. The whole stage lasts 3 week, and for all this time, cadets are forbidden to leave the military base. No candidates and weekends.
The second stage is the main course, qualification. During this period, cadets are trained in engineering and sapper training, military medicine and first aid, as well as communications equipment, studying weapons and ammunition. Lectures and practical exercises alternate with training in hand-to-hand combat, shooting, survival, the use of scuba diving and parachuting. At the end of the course tests and exams are held. The entire second stage lasts about six months.
At the third stage, each cadet chooses one of the specializations for deeper study. In addition, they are also engaged in the study of one of the most common languages in the world, or one that may be useful to them in their future service. Much attention is paid to the perception of speech by ear and speaking practice. This stage can last approximately 17-23 week, it depends on the degree of complexity of the selected language. Together with the language, the cadets also study the cultural traditions of the country whose language was chosen.
At the end of the course, all the “green berets” are distributed into regional groups, but they must pass training once a year, in which they pass tests for professional fitness, as well as study new military equipment.
Underwater saboteurs of the US Navy, or, as they are called - "fur seals" - along with the special forces "Delta" is the main combat unit of the American army. The main task of this unit is to conduct sabotage and rescue operations.
Currently, for those who want to get into the service in the elite squad of swimmers, saboteurs, you must pass a special course, which is divided into three main stages.
At the first stage, trainings on running, physical exercises and swimming take place. In this case, tests every day are becoming increasingly difficult. Every week we run four miles at a time, cadets also need to overcome an obstacle course, swim two miles in flippers. But all these four weeks are just a preparation for the so-called “week of hell”, the fifth week, when all the physical and psychological strengths of the cadets are tested for strength. During this time, the cadets have to overcome up to 200 miles, spend in physical exercises for 20 hours a day. Only 4 hours for five days are given for sleep. After such a test, practically at 90 percent of candidates, the desire to continue learning disappears.
Then, for three weeks, the study of methods and methods of conducting hydrographic studies.
Seven weeks for the soldiers held physical training in the water. Much attention at this time is paid to the mastery of light diving combat equipment.
Over the next eight weeks, enhanced ground-based training is conducted, during which candidates are taught methods of reconnaissance, the use of weapons, and subversive work. Workouts in swimming, running and overcoming obstacles also continue, but the time to overcome them is further reduced. The focus of this stage is on the study of ground navigation, descending on the ropes from a height, the tactics of using small units, the design of underwater and ground blasts and the use of weapons.
Intensive training is also being conducted in the detachment of the special forces "Delta" - a military unit that is engaged in the fight against terrorism, carries out actions of direct action, and in addition, carries out secret operations and releases hostages.
In the unit, as a rule, recruit candidates from the army special forces and the ranger squad. Candidates are selected according to the standard scheme: all of them are tested for physical training - push-ups, squats, running for 3 kilometers, and swimming for the 100-meter distance with full uniforms. Then cadets are checked for their ability to navigate the terrain. This stage consists of a night trip to 29 kilometers with display weight 19 kilogram. After this complex psychological testing is carried out.
Those who have successfully passed the selection, are trained operatives units, which lasts six months. During this time, they are studying methods of conducting counter-intelligence activities and combating terrorism. There is also a thorough fire training, which includes several stages. At the first stage, operatives are trained in shooting at static targets from a short distance. When high accuracy is achieved, training is conducted on shooting at moving targets. Then there is a course of fire training, during which skills of shooting indoors are practiced. First, all the exercises are performed one by one with a constant increase in the group to 4 people. After that, hostage targets appear in the room.
At the next stage of preparation, engineering and explosive, operatives are taught how to properly undermine cars, buildings, safes, and make improvised explosive devices. Training is often combined with the training of other US intelligence agencies, in particular, the FBI and special forces of the marines.
In addition, the training course of Delta includes training in sniping, conspiracy skills, the use of alarms, surveillance, and the protection of important government officials.
Thus, analyzing the methods of training the various units of American special forces, we can conclude that they all perform similar tasks aimed at protecting and preserving the security of their state and its territory.
Materials used:
http://mport.bigmir.net/war/1527595-Gde-uchat-specnaz--TOP-5-krutyh-kursov-iz-SShA
http://www.bratishka.ru/archiv/2006/3/2006_3_9.php
http://kirstrike.at.ua/publ/1-1-0-30
http://www.stalker-zone.info/forum/93-5255-1
http://forum.redzone.su/index.php?topic=36.0
If we talk about the rangers' school, then historically they appeared on American territory back in 1756 year. Its founder was Major Rogers from Britain. The main task of the rangers unit was to fight against the Indians, because the regular troops were not able to cope with them. Modern same story The rangers began during the Second World War, when the 5 battalion was formed.
To date, all rangers are consolidated into one 75 regiment of the armed forces of the United States of America, which has a number of 1830 people and consists of 3 battalions. In each battalion there are three combat and one staff company. The main task of the “black berets” is to carry out sabotage and assault activities in the enemy’s rear, therefore, they must be trained accordingly.
In order to become a ranger, you must complete special courses that last the day 72. The main objective of these courses is to prepare the commander of the assault team, who will be able to act decisively even in extremely difficult combat conditions. The whole program is to test the strength, endurance and courage of the candidates. It contains elements such as push-ups, sliding along a rope for a set distance, performing more than 35 gymnastic speed exercises, descending a rope from a platform and then falling into water from seven meters in height, swimming in equipment and uniform, overcoming a beam located on height 20 meters, descending a rope from a cliff. In addition, cadets must cover the 3,2 kilometer distance in less than 12 minutes; over the course of four days, make the same number of 10 kilometer marches across rough terrain with 18 kilogram and 20 kilograms (two throws). In this case, the standard for each march is only 1,5 hours.
The course is divided into several stages. The first stage has a duration of 338 hours. At the initial stage, candidates undergo initial training in orienteering, physical training, working with a radio station, and adjusting fire aviation and artillery, subversion, first aid.
The stage of mountain training lasts 309 hours. The focus of this period is on mastering the technique of climbing and long transitions in mountainous terrain.
The third stage lasts 376 hours. At this time, cadets learn the conduct of hostilities, the detection of locations of enemy groups, reserves, nuclear missiles. For the entire course of the course, servicemen are divided into pairs. According to experts, this should contribute to the successful overcoming of obstacles and create a spirit of mutual assistance.
Ends course delivery tests. Those who have successfully passed all the tests (and, as a rule, about half of all candidates) receive a ranger certificate and a golden-yellow-black patch with the inscription “Ranger”, as well as a black beret.
American marines appeared in the period of the struggle for independence. It currently numbers 226 thousands of people. It has three operational and one reserve division. Each of the three divisions has its own sabotage and reconnaissance group of combat swimmers, whose mission is to conduct a hidden study of the terrain before the start of the operation. Scout training is the longest and most intense. Any marine who has been in the rank of corporal, who has served in the marines for at least 3-5 years and has good characteristics can be a candidate.
At the first stage of selection, candidates pass a physical test, within which a three-mile cross, pulling, squatting, and overcoming an obstacle course for a time are conducted. In addition, you need to go swimming test - in shoes and clothes for 17 minutes to overcome 450 meters, then a minute to go on the water with M-16 in hand. Then, after a short break, candidates must make an 2,5 hour march with a backpack weighing 22,5 a kilogram. After that, the cadets must pass a written examination of fitness and interview with veterans of the naval intelligence service, who will determine who is eligible for service. The qualifying exam is held once a month. As a rule, it is held by the entire 3-4 person from 20 willing.
Those who managed to pass the selection, waiting for several stages of combat training, which lasts two years. The structure of this training includes individual training, training in the training unit, training in the expeditionary unit, as well as training in the deployment of the combat unit and training in the unit after the deployment.
Individual preparation of candidates lasts six months. During this period, cadets are trained in tactics and patrol techniques, infantry tactical techniques, and they also undergo a full course of airborne training. In addition, candidates study closed-loop and open-cycle breathing apparatus, take courses in captivity and survival, acquire the skills of proper behavior during interrogations, organize the behavior of other prisoners in order to counter the enemy, and also learn how to escape and survive in the wild . Also for two months, training courses for rangers, trackers, mountain guides, in which students acquire the skills of climbing and survival in mountainous areas in the winter, are held. In parallel with this, candidates also make parachute jumps, undergo medical training, and study shooting.
After this, the second stage begins, which also lasts six months. During this period, cadets master long-distance radio communications, in particular, learn Morse code, satellite communications. Then comes the period of amphibious training, which includes training in the conduct of hydrographic surveys, the development of underwater submarine landing, and landing. In addition, training in light diving training, aviation guidance, the study of foreign weapons and the firing of them, parachute training at altitude with planning is conducted.
This stage ends with several exercises, during which cadets demonstrate acquired knowledge. After that, they are distributed by expeditionary units. And again, over the course of six months they are learning how to accomplish the tasks of direct impact. They are completing training programs for courses in the subversive case, to work out the interaction with the air force, actions in the conditions of the city. Those units that are engaged in anti-terrorism activities, additionally undergo training on the release of hostages, landing on ships from helicopters.
The next stage - the deployment of a combat unit - also lasts six months. Teams are sent to an internship in the zone of the western Pacific Ocean or in the Persian Gulf, depending on the subsequent direction. Exercises are conducted in accordance with the plans of combat training of this unit.
The intensity of training is different and special forces of the United States Armed Forces of America, known in the world as "green berets". These are elite units whose history began in the 1952 year and which are intended for the organization and conduct of sabotage, guerrilla and terrorist operations. Among the main tasks that these units perform are special intelligence, the organization of the fight against terrorism, the conduct of search and rescue operations, participation in humanitarian and peacekeeping operations, the fight against drug trafficking, demining, and the direct conduct of hostilities.
All military personnel who want to get into the unit must undergo qualification courses of special forces forces, which are held at the John F. Kennedy school of special methods of warfare. This course has remained unchanged for the past ten years. Preparation of future "green berets" consists of three stages. At the first stage, the evaluation and selection of candidates is carried out. Opportunity to enter the unit have only those soldiers who served or serve, and completed the course of a young fighter. At the same time, it is necessary to be prepared for the fact that at any stage each of the candidates can be expelled and sent to their previous duty station. Candidates are selected through physical and psychological testing, so the cadet’s health must be perfect. As part of physical testing, marches are conducted for endurance and speed, in full display and athletic form, pull-ups, swimming, squats, push-ups, overcoming an obstacle course, and squatting. Psychological testing includes tests to determine the nature of the character, the speed of assessment of the situation and adaptation to it, on mental development, literacy.
In addition, at this stage, cadets also receive basic knowledge of topography, tactics, and development of command skills. The whole stage lasts 3 week, and for all this time, cadets are forbidden to leave the military base. No candidates and weekends.
The second stage is the main course, qualification. During this period, cadets are trained in engineering and sapper training, military medicine and first aid, as well as communications equipment, studying weapons and ammunition. Lectures and practical exercises alternate with training in hand-to-hand combat, shooting, survival, the use of scuba diving and parachuting. At the end of the course tests and exams are held. The entire second stage lasts about six months.
At the third stage, each cadet chooses one of the specializations for deeper study. In addition, they are also engaged in the study of one of the most common languages in the world, or one that may be useful to them in their future service. Much attention is paid to the perception of speech by ear and speaking practice. This stage can last approximately 17-23 week, it depends on the degree of complexity of the selected language. Together with the language, the cadets also study the cultural traditions of the country whose language was chosen.
At the end of the course, all the “green berets” are distributed into regional groups, but they must pass training once a year, in which they pass tests for professional fitness, as well as study new military equipment.
Underwater saboteurs of the US Navy, or, as they are called - "fur seals" - along with the special forces "Delta" is the main combat unit of the American army. The main task of this unit is to conduct sabotage and rescue operations.
Currently, for those who want to get into the service in the elite squad of swimmers, saboteurs, you must pass a special course, which is divided into three main stages.
At the first stage, trainings on running, physical exercises and swimming take place. In this case, tests every day are becoming increasingly difficult. Every week we run four miles at a time, cadets also need to overcome an obstacle course, swim two miles in flippers. But all these four weeks are just a preparation for the so-called “week of hell”, the fifth week, when all the physical and psychological strengths of the cadets are tested for strength. During this time, the cadets have to overcome up to 200 miles, spend in physical exercises for 20 hours a day. Only 4 hours for five days are given for sleep. After such a test, practically at 90 percent of candidates, the desire to continue learning disappears.
Then, for three weeks, the study of methods and methods of conducting hydrographic studies.
Seven weeks for the soldiers held physical training in the water. Much attention at this time is paid to the mastery of light diving combat equipment.
Over the next eight weeks, enhanced ground-based training is conducted, during which candidates are taught methods of reconnaissance, the use of weapons, and subversive work. Workouts in swimming, running and overcoming obstacles also continue, but the time to overcome them is further reduced. The focus of this stage is on the study of ground navigation, descending on the ropes from a height, the tactics of using small units, the design of underwater and ground blasts and the use of weapons.
Intensive training is also being conducted in the detachment of the special forces "Delta" - a military unit that is engaged in the fight against terrorism, carries out actions of direct action, and in addition, carries out secret operations and releases hostages.
In the unit, as a rule, recruit candidates from the army special forces and the ranger squad. Candidates are selected according to the standard scheme: all of them are tested for physical training - push-ups, squats, running for 3 kilometers, and swimming for the 100-meter distance with full uniforms. Then cadets are checked for their ability to navigate the terrain. This stage consists of a night trip to 29 kilometers with display weight 19 kilogram. After this complex psychological testing is carried out.
Those who have successfully passed the selection, are trained operatives units, which lasts six months. During this time, they are studying methods of conducting counter-intelligence activities and combating terrorism. There is also a thorough fire training, which includes several stages. At the first stage, operatives are trained in shooting at static targets from a short distance. When high accuracy is achieved, training is conducted on shooting at moving targets. Then there is a course of fire training, during which skills of shooting indoors are practiced. First, all the exercises are performed one by one with a constant increase in the group to 4 people. After that, hostage targets appear in the room.
At the next stage of preparation, engineering and explosive, operatives are taught how to properly undermine cars, buildings, safes, and make improvised explosive devices. Training is often combined with the training of other US intelligence agencies, in particular, the FBI and special forces of the marines.
In addition, the training course of Delta includes training in sniping, conspiracy skills, the use of alarms, surveillance, and the protection of important government officials.
Thus, analyzing the methods of training the various units of American special forces, we can conclude that they all perform similar tasks aimed at protecting and preserving the security of their state and its territory.
Materials used:
http://mport.bigmir.net/war/1527595-Gde-uchat-specnaz--TOP-5-krutyh-kursov-iz-SShA
http://www.bratishka.ru/archiv/2006/3/2006_3_9.php
http://kirstrike.at.ua/publ/1-1-0-30
http://www.stalker-zone.info/forum/93-5255-1
http://forum.redzone.su/index.php?topic=36.0
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