The Stopping Effect of Small Arms Ammunition: Terminology Explained

As a rule, as an explanation of the important role of the stopping effect of small arms ammunition weapons lead history about how, at the beginning of the last century, during the fight against the Filipino rebels, the US Marines were forced to abandon the use of Smith and Wesson revolvers of the 1899 model, designed to fire cartridges of 38 caliber, called 9 mm in Europe, and return to revolvers "Colt" model 1873. This revolver at that time still used the .440 cartridge, where the number 44 meant the caliber in hundredths of an inch, and the number 40 meant the mass of the powder charge in grains, which corresponds to 11,17 millimeters and 2,59 grams.

The reason for the return to an older model of weapons was the circumstance in which, when hit by 38-caliber bullets, which were equipped with Smith and Wesson cartridges, especially fanatical rebels, called in the language of the Spaniards who previously owned the Philippines juramentados, which means "sworn", even having received mortally wounded, continued to attack the fighters of the American Expeditionary Force.

The old Colt turned out to be better than the new Smith & Wesson at that time due to the greater stopping effect of the ammunition used. The physical meaning of the term "stopping action" is the difference in the energy of a bullet when entering an object and when leaving it. For example, a bullet fired from a Walther P.38 pistol, having overcome a distance of 7 meters, hits the body at a speed of 280 meters per second. After breaking through a human body simulator made of ballistic gel, the bullet continues to fly at a speed of 130 m/s. Having made simple calculations, we get that the energy of the bullet at the entrance is 292,04 J, and at the exit it is already 62,95 J. When we subtract the output value from the input, we get that the stopping effect of this bullet is 229 J.

The stopping effect of a bullet depends on a number of parameters, which include: the kinetic energy of the ammunition fired from the barrel at the moment it hits the target, the cross-sectional area of ​​​​the bullet, as well as its lateral load, that is, how many grams fall on each square centimeter of the cross-sectional area of ​​\uXNUMXb\uXNUMXbthis bullet . Thus, the higher the kinetic energy of the bullet and the larger its cross-sectional area and the lower its transverse load, the higher the stopping effect of this bullet.

Comments

[ssergey1978]

A bullet fired from a P38 at a distance of 7 meters cannot have 280 ms. Even a PM bullet loses only 25 ms in the first 25 meters of flight.

[svp67]

In short:
- stopping action - akin to hitting the same mace, a war hammer, it will not pierce, but it will break everything ... turning its kinetic energy into potential and generously "sharing" it with the target
- penetrating - a prick of a sword, rapier or stylet, the target is broken ...

[KCA]

The stopping effect is in Rubeykin's "bronze" or a split zhakan, they bring down an elk or a wild boar with any hit, a person almost when it hits the bone of the limb, and even more so in the body, guaranteed death

[Illanatol]

The stopping effect of a bullet depends on a number of parameters, which include: the kinetic energy of the ammunition fired from the barrel at the moment it hits the target, the cross-sectional area of ​​​​the bullet, as well as its lateral load, that is, how many grams fall on each square centimeter of the cross-sectional area of ​​\uXNUMXb\uXNUMXbthis bullet .

The stopping effect of a bullet is determined primarily by the effect that a bullet hit will have on the internal organs of the body. It is necessary to cause a pain shock with temporary paralysis in order to exclude the response of the "target". Methods - can be different, it also depends on where the bullet hit specifically. Hitting bone is not the same as hitting soft tissue only.

[ailcat]

You described, rather, the damaging effect (power) of a bullet, rather than stopping it.
Rough:
The stopping action is when they load you with a fist in the eye (the damage may be negligible, such as a bruise for a week - but the desire to continue the fight may disappear).
Whereas the striking thing you described is if they poke you in the eye with a knife (and turn it twice, if we are talking about explosive bullets).

[QuestionsNeudobny]

By subtracting the output value from the input, we get that the stopping power of this bullet is 229 J.

what kind of bullshit??? I skipped physics at school.

[Ezekiel 25-17]

A 45-caliber cartridge when fired from a Colt 1911 (an initial speed of 270 m / s at 10 meters will not pierce a person’s body right through, but will leave its energy in the body, but the TT at the same distance is guaranteed to pierce the carcass right through, but the stopping effect will be lower, so how the energy goes beyond the torso.What you prefer, choose for yourself.

[ailcat]

It all depends on what the target is.
If the Papuan is in a loincloth, then the 45th caliber is better (but if I'm in shorts and a pith helmet, then, with your introductory, I would prefer that they shoot at me from a TT. It hurts more, but there are more chances to survive with "through" more).
But if in front of me is a modern fighter in armor, or even a son of deserts in flip flops, but inside a shahid mobile, there is no longer an alternative to TT (although if I’m covered in armor and covered with a rusty piece of iron, it’s better to shoot at me from the 45th, you see, and won't break).

[Illanatol]

Quote: Ezekiel 25-17

A 45-caliber cartridge when fired from a Colt 1911 (an initial speed of 270 m / s at 10 meters will not pierce a person’s body right through, but will leave its energy in the body, but the TT at the same distance is guaranteed to pierce the carcass right through, but the stopping effect will be lower, so how the energy goes out of the torso.

TT will break through at least light armor, and 45 will not even cope with this due to the low initial speed. 45 caliber for the police is not bad, but for army needs - nothing.